Rensselaer Semi-Weekly Republican, Volume 36, Number 47, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 29 January 1904 — Page 3

FRMERS CORNER

Perfect Hog House. After experimenting with a dozen plans for hog houses, the writer found the one illustrated to give the best satisfaction of any at the smallest expense. It will be. seen that there is no waste of room; that the building is compact and easily made comfortable, even In-the coldest climates. It may be made of any material, and by using matched lumber or batten over cracks wlyjre unmatched lumber is used, made as snug as desired. In the ground plan of the illustration figure 1 represents the yard in which feeding troughs may l>e arranged. Figure 2 is the main part of the pen, the living room, with the trough located on one side, where the animals are

PLAN FOR HOG HOUSE.

fed on stormy days. Figure 3 is the bed room, and a window or board door may be placed in the side of this room, through which the betiding may be thrown. Figure 4 shows the inclined floor, which is filled In underneath with broken stone to furnish firm support. Any variation of - this plan may be used if the main arrangement is hold to; for this arrangement provides for the best use of the space. The cost of such a structure can be kept down low if the work is done by those on the farm. —St. Paul Dispatch.

Eminer, the New Grain Crop. The accompanying illustration shows a head of bearded, white-chaff ennuer. Emmer has been grown for the past

HEAD OF EMMER.

emmer Is affected only a little when wheat and oats are badly Injured. Again, it is not damaged in the shock by rainy weather like oats. It is hardy, and should be sown very early in the spring. The growth at first appears backward as compared with oats or spring barley. The blades and stems of the plant nre fine, and it does not grow as rank as" Cats, but it stools out well, forms a large “ number of short, compact heads and yields heavily. Owing to its habit of growth it is a much safer nurso-crop for grass and clover than oats. Sheep that Pa/0 No farmer should keep sheep because they nre scavengers and can pick off a large share of their food from scanty herbage. Such sheep must be active to travel over largy spaces in order to find subsistence. To expect sheep to pay without the investment of labor is to sacrifice profits. Success is assured 'only "when the farmer is willing to use breeds that give large carcasses and which , re- * spdnd quickly' to care mid attention. < It is only the labor, after * all, that makes profit, but the labor must be bestowed on the best to be bad. Favlnn the Beet Seed Corn. Where the corn is husked into the wagon from the standing stalks, the best ears may be thrown into a box on one eud or side of the wagon, or they may be picked out us the corn is being unloaded Into the crib. Seed corn Is often injured in ways not fully understood, when stored into bins or cribs, even though It Is well protected from outdoor weather. The* moisture fro in live stock which collects on seed iflarn stored above stables is generally

few years in various localities in the West ii nd Northwest with gratifying results, and where known needs no words of com mendation. It is making a place for itself among field crops. There is, however, a wider field for emmer. It is well worth a trial in any part of the winter-wheat belt where it is desirable for any reason to find a substitute for oats. As a spring grain crop for feeding purposes it certainly has considerable merit, ami some positive advantages over oats. Where the latter are subject to rust and give only moderate yields of lightweight grain, emmer is the better crop to. raise. Although not absolutely rust-proof,

fatal to good seed. The grain should remain dn the cobs until nearly cornplanting time, and purchasers should prefer to -buy seed corn on the ear ’to be' grown for grain.

Barley for Hogs. After several years’ experience I am convinced that for growing pigs between the age of 2 to 6 months barley is preferable to corn if only one thing is fed. But to be able to feed barley profitably it must be finely ground and soaked at least six hours before it is given to the pigs. It should always be fed in the form of a very thick slop- Skim milk is preferable to water for making the slop, especially for .voting pigs. I once fed a lot of pigs 5 months old, and they made a gain of 2% pounds a day each on finely ground barley fed as a very thick slop with a liberal quantity of skim milk. For very young pigs I prefer to feed equal parts of shorts and ground barley and then gradually change it to one-half each of corn and barley, the last six weeks, when finishing for market.-»Lewis O’Follow. Preferred. Dairy schools are now in operation in many States, and short courses of instruction on butter and cheese-mak-”mg~are given at some of the agrlcultural colleges. It was not long ago demonstrated that Inferior butter could not compete with oleomargarine, and that good butter of choice quality cobld always be sold at a good price. The fact lias also been demonstrated that there was much to learn in making good butter, and that cleanliness and the proper management of the milk were essential in producing the choice article. There has been a wonderful‘advance in the methods of but-ter-making, and oleomargarine is responsible for it. Consumers will not purchase the counterfeit article if they can get the genuine, and poor butter Is as much a counterfeit as any other imitation.

Feed for Toung Animals. The younger an animal the more mineral matter it requires In Its food. When very young pigs are growing they are producing bone very rapidly in proportion to size, find consequently require more phosphates in their food, especially of lime in a soluble condition. Milk contains all the necessary- substances for pigs, but after ft while they become of such sizes as to be unable to consume enough milk to supply them, as they must drink about eight times as much water in the milk as there are solids. To supply this deficiency corn meal is added, but cqrn meal is deficient in mineral matter. Bran, ground oats, shipstuff and finely cut clover hay (scalded), in addition to the milk and corn meal, will prove advantageous.

To Turn the Grindstone. What’s the use bending your back or barking your knuckles when grinding the ax, scythe, or- The mower

knives? Turn the stone with a wooden roYk hitched by a slot and pin to the crank. The turner stands at a, out of the way of the knife bar or ax handle. Foil

small stones and heavy work such an attachment is positively needed. —H. B. Fiske, in St. Louis liepublic. Value of Cattle Foods. The value of cattle foods depends largely upon their digestibility. There is more protein in straw than in corn fodder, but the latter is more digestible. Some coarse foods are valuable, however, in assisting to digest the concentrated foods by giving bfilk to the mess, and separating the materials, especially when the coarse foods are reduced to a flue condition. Even if but a portion of the straw foods are digested they are prepared for the manure heap by the animals, and Increased id value compared with wasteful use. Start in Life on the Farm. The young man who is thinking of leaving the farm for the city may learn when it is too late that while lie can earn more in the clty he cannot save as much as he could on the farm. If his object is to secure a competence he In nine cases out of ten will do it the sooner on a farm. There are more chances to spend money in the city than in the country, while the cost of, living is higher.—Twentieth Century Farmer. Greater Variety on Forma. The fanner who confines himself to two or three staple crops and who has not ventured beydnd then, does not know the full capacity of his farm. He should try some special crops on a small area and endeavor to have a greater variety of articles to sell. The causes of failures In some crops do not influence other kinds. Economy In Haulina. When hauling a load It is Wetter to have the horses draw as much ns they can, making the load the maximum in weight, as the horses have traveled the distance whether the load Is small or large, and It is the time lost In traveling that makes hauling expensive. If the roads are good heavy loads can be carried. If not, then two trips must lie made and smaller loads carried. Lot any farmer estimate bow much be lower as the difference in large and small loads, and loss of time in the mud, nnd he will make less objection to road tax in the future. Care of the Pig Pen. The hog is not able to endure severely cold weather, yet it Is kept in the most uncomfortable situation of any other animal. The pig pen should be well littered and dry, and the shelter should contain no cracks, or opening tor draughts of air.

POLITICAL COMMENT.

Free Trade by Stealth. A clear view of the merits and demerits of the proposition to open up trade in competitive products between the United States and Canada is set forth in an editorial in the Des Moines Capital. Editor Young, a clear and vigorous thinker on economic questions, rightly commends reciprocity in natural products because such products in the case of Canada are wholly competitive. Both countries have a surplus of the same sort of products, and there is nothing to swap. We cannot, as the Capital insists, swap wheat for wheat, corn for corn, hogs for hogs, cattle for cattle, butter for butter, eggs for eggs. OF such products Canada would take from us absolutely none, for she already produces more than she can consume. That would be reciprocity like Touelistone’s ill-roasted egg—“ail on one side." Canada could market her surplus foodstuffs conveniently and-profitably across the border line, and the United States eould find no market for such products on the Canadian side of the bonder. For a trade dicker so lopsided as this there might be some compensation if Canada were_dlsposed to lower her tariff bare so as to admit a larger volume of manufactures from the United States, though this would in the end bargain of doubtful expediency when the American farmer should discover that he was compelled to bear the brunt of Canadian compe-

THE CORNER STONE OF PROSPERITY

tition in older that the American manufacturer might have special advantages in Canada. But Canada does not propose to do anything of the kind. What She wants to do is to sell in the big nearby market her surplus products of farm, fishery’ and mine, and dp all of her own manufacturing. All natural products are cheaper in Canada than in the United States, because Land and labor are cheaper there than here. Canada would be a big gainer by this kind of reciprocity, and it is the only kind of reciprocity that is at all popular in Canada. The Capital sizes up the situation accurately when It says: “'Reciprocity as a general proposition is now simply used as a means of giving up part of the American home market to the foreigner. Some people are attempting to do by reciprocity what they have been unable to do by freetrade.” This is the bare, bald fact of the matter, whether it relates to Canadian or any other scheme of reciprocity in competitive products.—American Economist.

The Mart with the Fpade. All the influences of the country Which are hostile to the President, whether for reasons political, personal or financial, nre arrayed against the Panama treaty. The enemies of Theodore Roosevelt—and we love him for the enemies he has made—know that If he starts the Isthmian canal his rencmination nnd re-election are assured. No power could stop him, save death. The inan with the spade! Here would be a campaign slogan with the ring of certain victory. Americans like men who do things. The ftithmlan canal stands first in the list of things that the country desires from Washington. The Democrats, torn with despair, jealousy nnd greed for party spoils, have seized upon the treaty In the forlorn hope of overthrowing It nnd the President with It. The great transcontinental railroad Interests will give the sinews of wnr to the opposition. Republican politicians, drairing Roosevelt's downfall, have seized upon the opportunity. Al) the enemies of the President nre in line for the attack. Before the Inst hurdle the whole pack lias milled. These persons, desperate nnd unscrupulous, would Imperil the country's welfare in their selfish scramble for money, power nnd spoils. They have the Insolence to weigh their own selfish, contemptible interests agnlnst the nation’s well being. Here Is .a question which should be tdsgrscled above the mire of politics.

It is not a question for party squabbling. It is a question of patriotism. In the old days all men united on the broad principles of patriotism. It will be an everlasting disgrace to Congress, to the Senate in particular, if it does not uphold the President. Let the men in Congress turn deaf ears to the chicanery of a scheming Democratic politician who would be President—deaf ears to the palsied questioning of the Republican Senator whose distinguished services are fast being overshadowed by the halting doublings of age and possible imbecility. ” The American people are for the u an with the spade.—Chicago Journal. A Time-Worn Assumption. There was a time when the nimbletongue free trade orator in this country told the American farmer that the price of wheat was fixed in Liverpool, but since the discussion of the question, Is the tariff a tax? has grown hot in England we find the Cobdenites of that country saying “the variations from hour to hour and day to day only prove to us that putside causes in the world’s supply or demand entirely rule these changes.” We fear that in the face of such an admission the timeworn assumption that the Liverpool market can rise superior to the law of supply and demand will no longer serve its old purpose, and that the free traders will have to abandon the at-

tempt to frighten the American farmer into Cobdenism by making him believe that the British have the power to elevate or depress the prije of his commodities at will. —San Francisco Chronicle.

Th-mghts for Wage Earners. According to the last census there were 512,734 manufacturing plants in the United States, employing 5,719,137 people, to whom were paid in wages $2*735,430,840. The output of these factories was $13,039,279,566. New York leads the list with 78,658 plants, Pennsylvania second with 52,185. lowu had then 14.819, and employed 64,217 laborers, and paid in wages over twen-ty-eight million dollars. This State has more factories and employs more people in them than all the other 'States, except New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Massachusetts, Ohio, New’ Jersey, Missouri, Indiana, Wisconsin, and Michigan. A protective tariff makes it jtoHHfble for lowa factories to live and offer employment to 64,217 people. Were the goods created by cheap labor admitted free of duty Into this country there would be fewer local factories in this State nnd fewer wage earnetn in them. These are thoughts for lalrnrIrg men to ponder over when fivetraders want their votes. —Davenport Republican.

The Reni Situation. A writer in the London Post says: “A ton of American steel may be directly dumped in the Britsh market, or It may lie Indirectly dumped by selling at or below cost price to the American manufacturer ‘of sccontlary , products (tools, machinery and so fortln, who is attacking the defenxlras British manufacturer.” This Is Intended ns a rejoinder to those free-traders in England who have pooh-poohed the fear of dumping and who shy that there is no reason why the workfngimn of five United Kingdom should lie apprehensive of the United State*, because our manufacturing system is crude nnd we sluill be able to export only nearly raw products, such as sled billets, etc. 'Hie Post writer has a lietter kkn of the real situation.—San Francisco Chronicle. Protection!*! and Prosperous. A free trade contemporary remarks tliat every Industry of France enjoys a high degree of prosperity, and asks: “Has Franco made her tariff rates exorbitant?” France has always |»e?n a protcctkmlrt country. The savings of her people are proportionately the largest in the world.—Bt. I»ui» GlobeDemocrat

INDIANA INCIDENTS.

RECORD OF EVENTS OF THE PART WEEK. Anarchiat Forced to Flee for LifeReform School for Boy Who Killed His Playmate—Dream Kills ManBank Wrecker Freed. Deville Pi Ballard, at the Marion Soldiers’ Home, gave voice to anarchistic sentiments and was forced to rim for his life, pursued by angry soldiers, several of whom were old companions of McKinley. *T hope every Mc?4nley monument will be struck by lightning, ’ shouted Ballard; "I would like to see monuments to the Chicago anarchists raised everywhere where there is a McKinley monum’ent. 1 would rather contribute for the families of the Chicago anarchists than to a memorial for McKinley.” Balia rd was chased to the office of the adjutant, where lie pleaded for protection. He was Z giyen his dis charge and a file of guards, but outside the gate was compelled to flee for his life. Bullard was a member of the Twen-ty-third lowa Infantry. Sentence Child for Murder. Court in Indianapolis, Marshall Harrington, 14 years old, was sentenced to the Indiana reform school on his conviction of, the murder of his boy playmate, Albert Nicholas. Sympathy for the unfortunate boy, which all along had been general, disappeared. in the light of the evidence introduced by the State, and when, after a two hours' consideration of the evidence, the jury came in with a verdict of manslaughter, tiiere was expressed by many a feeling of positive relief. Young Harrington deliberately murdered his playmate with a Flobert ritle I >ee. 1. — Death Attributed to Dream. The death of Jacob Harlan, 50 years old, a well known resident of Union City, is attributed to a dream. Harlan retired in perfect health, bnt :».voke shaking as with the ague. He told his wife that he had just dreamed- that he was in a runaway, and that his father had tried to stop the team but was run over. As he told the story ills terror seemed to grow, and his wife tried to soothe him. .While she was still speaking her husband gave a gasp or two and in a few minutes expired. Medical examination showed that the immediate cause of death was heart failure. ” Big FourG ivcslSlo,ooo. A gift of $15,000 toward the construction of a $100,(MM) gymnasium at Purdue’ University in memory of the seventeen students-and football playess killed in the Purdue special wreck at Indianapolis on Oct. 31, 1903. is assured in a telegram from M. E. Ingalls, president of the Big Four Railroad Company, on which road the disaster occurred. Bank Wrecker Set Free. Great indignation prevails at Andrews and Huntington over the discovery that James M. Key, the wrecker of the Commercial Bank at Andrews, has been paroled. Key was convicted two years ago of looting the institution and Sentenced to from two to fourteen years in the penitentiary.

State Items of Interest, William Fisher, of Evansville, who travels for a Chicago house, was bitten on the lips by a large rat while asleep at Hawesville, Ky. His lips are badly swollen and blood poisoning is threatened. The Indiana Trust Company, as receiver for the American Indemnity and Assurance Compsiny of Enst Chicago, has reported the sale of the bonds owned by the company ami listed at $75,000 for $lO. A serious fire broke out in the Colonial Building, a four-story flat structure, in Marton. Men, women and children became panic-stricken. The occupants of the building were carried down ladders nnd it is thought all escaped. Herbert Lawhorn, colored, of Washington, while driving a team of mules, struck a stump which pitched him forward, his feet catching him in a hole in the wagon bed and holding him until one of the mules kicked out his brains. Death was instantaneous. John Ke|>as, of Hammond, Ind., lost his wife and fortune. It is claimed that she eloped witli George Nick, a boarder at Kepas* house, taking with her S2,(MM) in gold that was hidden there.yThe New York police have been notified to arrest the couple, who are on their way to Hungary. Samuel Michaels, the 70-yearold man accused of dynamiting the farm home of Aaron Shock, near Kokomo, through spite and failure to win the favor of Miss Edna Mabel Burns, 16 years old, was bound over by Justice Moreland for trial. John Bowen was also held as an accessory. Mrs. Bertha Briggs, living on a farm just south of Elwood. claims the record of industry in that community. Besides taking cure of twelve thildren, during the year 1903, she sold 593 pounds of blitter and 563 dozen eggs, and $131.95 worth of buttermilk. Tlfe total amount of the sales of her produce tor the year was $421.95. I'or several weeks a-country neighborhood four miles north of Hagerstown has been so thoroughly infested by petty thieves that it is -.«aid no-family in a circuit of several square miles has escaped loss. The •thieves take anything they enn carry from poultry to farm implements. A small church of the United Brethren denomination stands in the vicinity. Lately the sisters of the church have purchased a new carpet nnd new window shades and furnished the church in tine style. The nileves broke into the church hjmT toofc we carpet and the ah n des. Leroy Harris, aged 16. arrested nt Mnriou confessed to fourteen recent robIteries, including the theft of diamonds from Porter J. White, an actor, and four liotsev. “The only real solution of the antitoxin trust is the plan of having all antitoxin used hi Indiana made by and under the complete control of the State.’* said Dr. J. N. Hnrly. secretary of the State Board of Health. “Such a plant would diet the State s2ts>,(MMi. The plants must l>e located in the country ami conducted with the greatest care iu-tu salutation and cleanliness.” \

THE WEEKLY HISTORIAN.

One Hundred Years Ago. The black citizens of Ilnyti, anticipating the arrival of French troops to subdue them, compelled the whites to destroy the fortifications while they retired into the interior. Jacob Jolihston, of- Phikulelpfaia, flrst- ::.: introduced modern printers’ ink. The Cape of Good Hope passed under British control. Letters from Dr. Jenner were published in London claiming that his cowpox vaccination would give immunity from oriental plague. The United States Senate agreed to a joint resolution prohibiting the importation of slaves into Louisiana territory. There were.but fifty-three banks in tha United States, of which eight were in New York, sixteen in Massachusetts, and six in Pennsylvania. The art of Stereotyping was revived in London by Wilson and other famous 1 printers. - The Maryland Legislature debated an act pftfliibiting Roman Catholic priests from making converts or teaching children in that State. Seventy-five Years Ago. Bolivar opened the ports of Colombia to the importation of Spanish goods in ships of neutral nations. Plans for a treaty between Turkey nnd the United States were abandoned because the former refused to permit the free navigation of the Dardanelles. The ship Harriet sailed from Norfolk, Va., with a load of free negroes bound tor Liberia. The viceroy of Egypt began the .construction ot a great arsenal at Alexandria. The independence of several of ths South American nations was fecognized by the Pope, who appointed bishops there. Western Australia was formed into a British province, with a government and territorial officials appointed by the crown. The first Portuguese refugees arrived on the island of Terceira, having evaded the officials by shipping on American vessels. Fifty Year* Ago. William Walker, the famous filibuster, proclaimed the independence of Sonora, including Lower California. The Spanish captain general of Cuba prohibited tho circulation there of all foreign newspapers printed in Spanish, except three. The town of Brandon, Ohio, was destroyed by a cyclone. President Franklin Pierce issued a proclamation warning American citizens against filibustering in Lower California. Detroit and Buffalo were joined by the completion'of the Great Western Railroad of Canada. The Czar Nicholas first referred to the Sultan of Turkey as the “sick man of Europe.”

Forty Year# Ago. Blacksmiths in Chicago were paid $2.25 daily; carpenters, $2; laborers, $1.75; machinists, $2.75; and masons* $3, while flour, sold at $8.50 a barrel, fresh pork at 12 cents a pound, beef 12 cents, chickens 25 cents, butter 28 cents, eggs 35 cents a dozen, and anthracite coal at sl2 a ton. Secretary of the United States Navy Gideon Welles issued a formal challenge to the world for a race against one of the department’s new side wheel steamers, which the newspapers had declared were too slow. A resolution was introduced in the United States Senate by McDougall declaring the French occupation of Mexico an unfriendly act. and autboiizing a declaration of war against France unless its troops were withdrawn by March Ti Henry Wnrd Beecher’s salary as pas tor of Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, was raised from $7,009 to $12,500 yearly io return for his services iu England in behalf of the uniom Jefferson Davis’ salary as I'resident of the Confederacy was fixed at $12,500 for the ensuing year, $15,000 was provided for household expenses. $297,000 for mileage and salaries of the Confederate Congress, and $1,000,000 for the support of prisoners of war. Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase formally announced his candidacy against I’resident Lincoln for the Republican presidential nomination. Thirty Year* Ago. The Philadelphia Centennial Exposition asked Congress for a SIO,OOO.'MXJ “subsidy." The national cheap transportation convention at Washington, proposed to stop the "bleeding of commerce” by "legalized bands of robbers,” known as the railroad and steamboat trusts, by constructing s government railroad system. The death of the Siamese twins at Mount Viry, N. C., was announced. Chang, it was said, having drunk himself to death, and Eng dying later of fright. Morrison R. Waite, an attorney of Toledo, Ohio.-nnd a member of the Geneva Arbitration Commission, was nominated by President Grant for, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. The nomination of Caleb Cushing for Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court was withdrawn by President Grant because of opposition based on his atheistic views and a suspicion that ho was not socad en “state right*,*'