Rensselaer Semi-Weekly Republican, Volume 34, Number 53, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 4 March 1902 — Page 2

THE NATION'S DUTY

•Establishment of American Authority (In the Philippines Cannot Be Neglected. ENATOR FAIRBANKS TALKS OUT I i , I * I Speaking to the Question of a Philip-1 1 pine Tariff Bill, Indiana’s Senior j Senator Urges Congress to Uphold i the Administration in Its Efforts to . Deal Fairly With the Natives. Following is the address of Hon. Charles W. Fairbanks, United States Senator from speaking on the Philippine question In the senate Friday, Feb. 22: .

“Mr. President, it is with some reluctance that I enter the cyclonic attaosphere of the Philippine debate. A Sense of duty alone impels me to venture some observations upon the questions which have been discussed upon the pending bill.

’’The discussion has taken wide range, covering manly subjects not germane to the measure before qs, Mnd we have long been familiar with Yaany of the arguments made. In fact, Xe have heard most of them at frequent intervals since the -treaty of Paris was laid before the senate for 'lts ratification.

“One question, however, which was argued at length and with ability and vigor has not been conspicuous thus far in the present discussion; that the question of our constitutional power to acquire and hold the Philippines. Those who detained the senate by profound and learned observations upon our want of constitutional capacity to hold the fruit of our arms and our diplomacy are confronted by the judgment of the supreme court of the United States in the insular cases, in Which our power to hold and govern is authoritatively established. “Sir, the great questions before us should be considered without passion and without prejudice; they should appeal alone to our higher and better judgment. The way to their solution is not always plain, for we are walking In unfamiliar and untried paths. We are remote from the theater of action, and must in the very nature of the case see conditions through other eyes. The Greatest Danger. “The greatest danger we have to fear In dealing with the Philippines is not Insurrection in the islands, but political exigencies in the United States. The danger is that parties may seek to make issues of conditions In the islands, and that our course there will be determined too often by supposed party necessities here. In fact, the danger is that our domestic policies at home may be shaped With reference to our course in the Philippines. Party lines are drawn, and we are arrayed upon one side or the other of the question according to our party affiliations. “With respect to some very material aspects of the question, we are in entire accord. Speaking largely, the matter of difference between us is as to the immediate declaration of our future permanent policy in the Philippines. The opposition demands

that we should now declare our ultimate purpose to retire from the Philippine Islands when stable government is established, retaining only such military, naval and coaling stations as may be designated by the United States.

“It seemed to me from the beginning that our chief danger in dealing with the new problems before us was Inconsiderate haste,* immature conclusions. We are dealing with new questions; we are unable to turn to our past national experience for precedent to aid us in their solution. “The profoundest and wisest among us can see but a little way into the future. We are in a manner groping our way, guided by a clear and lofty conception of those fundamental principles of personal rights and individual liberty which have been our guide in dealing with territory and with people who have come to us since the Louisiana purchase in 1803. Our course has never been harsh and tyrannical or In disregard of the principles of human liberty upon which our Institutions are predicated. Both sides of the chamber are agreed as to the commanding necessity of remaining in the Philippines and of establishing peace and orderly government there. After our army and navy overthrew the Spanish power it became Incumbent upon the United States to hold disorder and anarchy compel obedience to the authority of the United States wherever It was resisted, and to give the people orderly and stable government, modeled, so far as practicable, gfter our republican institutions. “We are dealing wit£i people who have not been educated in the principles of self-government and who have for centuries known nothing but Spanish rule, a poor education. Indeed, for the duties and responsibilities of republican government. How long we •hall be engaged in th; work of erecting such a government in the Philippines as is contemplated by both sides of this chamber no mortal man can tall. But tho better judgment seems to be that many years will be re-

qtilred. It is a work wMch cannot be done in a day, for it must be done well. \ “The opposition contend that the manner in which we are going about the task of pacification and the estab- * listing of government 'is subversive of the principles of human freedom, for which our patriotic and illustrious forefathers contended and made war. It is said that we are ruling in contravention of the rights of the governed. This charge raises essentially a question of fact I have examined with some care the reports of our authorities, and the conclusion at which I have arrived is that only a small minority of the Filipinos have ever disputed our sovereignty, and I that only a very small minority today' object to our presence in the islands. In other words, a vast majority of the Inhabitants either affirmatively or passively accept and acknowledge the sovereignty of the United States. It is true that a small minority took up arms against the government and that there are bands today engaged in a guerrilla-like warfare and who oppose our sovereignty. ZIZ-XZL A Sacred Obligation. “When we acquired the Philippines in an entirely lawful and constitutional way under the distinct and positive terms of the treaty of Paris It became the duty of our government to establish its authority, and those who opposed It did so wrongfully. If, In fact, ■a majority of the Filipinos accept our sovereignty and a minority only challenge It can it rightfully be said that' Ve are ruling against the consent of the I governed and that we are violating j the great doctrines for which our Immortal forefathers pledged their lives, I •their fortunes and their sacred honor? “We are advised by our commission ‘that a great majority of the people iW-fog-peace anti are entirely wUE Ing to accept the establishment of a government under the supremacy of the United states.’ lam not disposed, Mr. President, to challenge the accuracy of the information which is submitted to us through our chosen representatives. By every just consideration we must accept their statement of actual conditions as founded in fact. And if their statements be true, we are not ruling in contravention of the will of the governed. The minority are those who are engaged in guerrilla warfare, and who are bent upon pillage and murder. Is It at their behest and their dictation that we should proclaim our purpose now or hereafter to withdraw from the Philippines? “It is one of the cardinal doctrines of republican government that the mar jority shall rule. This doctrine prevails in national, state and municipal governments with rare exceptions throughout the entire United States, and until the opjpositlon can show by • fair preponderance of evidence that a majority of the Inhabitants of the Philippines are hostile to American rule there can be no predicate for the charge that we are ruling without the consent of the governed. If the annexation of the Philippines to the United States were to be determined by a referendum and it were to appear that a vast majority assented and the minority dissented, could it be said that the annexation was violative of the rights of the governed? Could It be said that the minority should defeat the will of the majority, and that they might rightfully rebel? Such, I conceive It, is in essence the case here. “But three years have passed since the ratification of the treaty of Paris. It Is. indeed, a brief period in the life of a nation, but much has been accomplished. The course of the administration has from the beginning been characterized by a thoughtful regard for the welfare of the Filipinos, and a pacific policy has been desired and pursued. President McKinley, desirous of establishing peace and prosperity in the islands, promptly sent a commission of able and experienced men to supplement the war power and to report such measures as should be requisite ‘for the maintenance of order, peace and public welfare.’ The commissioners were to be ‘the bearers of the good will, protection and the richest blessings of a liberating rather than a conquering nation.* This was indeed the dominant note of the national purpose. It was so then, It is so now. The first or Schurmann commission was followed by a second or the Taft commission, composed of equally eminent, patriotic and just men. charged with the important function of promoting peace and erecting civil government In the Islands. Most commendable progress has been made in the accomplishment of their purpose. It is, indeed, surprising that, beset with so many difficulties and embarrassments, our authorities have accomplished so much In so brief a time. It is. indeed, a happy augury for the future. Education. “There has been considerable debate as to whether the constitution follows the flag. No matter how diverse and conflicting our opinions may be on this subject, there Is one opinion which we all possess, and that is that the American schoolhouse follows the flag. The transports which carried ouV" soldiers into tne Philippines also carried our school teachers, until I today there are some 835 American teachers distributed through 550 towns In the Phinpp’nes, and nearly 4,000 Filipinos are employed as elementary teachers. “Technical sch<Yol%. have been established In Manila and elsewhere. The people of the Philippines are generally uneducated. Perhaps less than 8 ' par cent can read and write In 'any

language. Fortunately they evince a commendable desire for an education,' and 1 believe we shall find in the 1 magic of the schoolroom a potential influence working for the advance- ’ ment- of civilization, good order and ' civil government in the Philippines. We do not find any evidence of that imperialistic purpose which seehaßtoT disturb the imagination of our patriotic friends in opposition. The public revenues have been faithfully collected and intelligently and conservatively administered; so that there is today in the insular treasury a surplus of several millions of dollars. “We invite the attention of our friends to what we have accomplished In Porto Rico for the advancement of the principles of republican government and for the promotion of the welfare of the inhabitants of that island. We heard much criticism a few months ago of our legislation with respect to that island and its people, and the country was. for a time deeply stirred, fearing that we were ignoring and subverting "the dbctrlnes -4tor which our forefathers stood. It is a gratifying and reassuring fact, indeed, that the people are so sensitive of the national honor, and that they will not readily sanction any supposed breach of it. The storm which raged with Intensity for a time subsided in due course, and the integrity and beneficence of our action is now beyond challenge. Porto Rico is enjoying a measure of republican government which is entirely new to her and is blessed with an unprecedented measure of- prosperity. “We are attempting to do in the Philippines under greater embarrass ment, precisely what we have been doing in Porto Rico, and if we will but persevere in the right and have confidence in each other’s patriotic and humane purposes similar results will doubtless follow’. While we are a nation of tremendous commercial activities and untold wealth, they are not our greatest glory, nor are thethe controlling factors in determining our national duty. The question of human rights and human liberty are the potential questions which have summoned our mightiest armies and have assembled our fleets and stirred our country to the utmost depths. “It was not gold nor the dream r empire that summoned us in 1898 from the fields of peace to the theater of war. It was not the thought of territorial aggrandizement which led the American congress, in the exercise of its exalted constitutional power, to declare war against Spain. It was not the lust for mere martial victory for which 250,000 of the flower of the youth of the land left the vocations of peace and went down to the battlefields of the republic. No; not that. But be it said in honor and praise of the great republic that it was to overthrow the power of tyranny and to give to the oppressed children of men the privileges of republican government In the presence of such questions as confront us we must not take counsel of our passions nor of our mere material interests, but we must take counsel of our conscience, of our exalted sense of justice. "It should be remembered that President MeKinley did not wish to take ttje islands. Who among us was actuated by more exalted motives than he? Who was moved by a higher sense of right and justice than he? He was a total stranger to the elements of an oppressor. He stood against the war, though knowing that it could but result in the triumph of our arms and increasing throughout the world his prestige and his renown. First Purpose of McKinley. "It was the first thought of the president to take a small zone in the islands for a coaling station, military and naval purposes, and such were his first instructions to our peace commissioners who went to Paris, commissioners who were of the most able, experienced and enlightened among us, with no desire or thought to do at the council table anything which was in derogation of our national rights, our national duty, or which was in contravention of the great cardinal principles upon which our government is founded. "As the discussion progressed and the difficulties seemingly increased and the full measure of our responsibilities gradually unfolded the conclusion was reached by the president and the commissioners that we could not in honor and duty stop short of the cession of the entire" Philippine archipelago; not, sir, because of any desire of foreign domain or of mere commercial conquest, not for the mere reimbursement of our national treasury, but because of the simple dictates of humanity; not for the purpose of holding a subject pedple, but for the purpose of lifting a subject people into the full sunlight of modern civilization, and to preserve the peace of the world, which would have been placed in instant peril if we should have left the islands like derlicts upon the high seas. “Excise duties are Imposed by the congress, and both parties have long voted for them without a word of protest or a suggestion that*we were dealing with ‘subjects’ in the sense in which that term is used by the opposition. We have been and are acting under the broad grant of power of the constitution 'to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States.* When we legislate for Alaska we are acting within the clearly granted authority of the constitution, and when we legislate for the Philippines we are -likewise within the scope and plain purpose of the constitution. McKinley’s Efforts for Pesos. “Mr President, there is not a sen-

ator upon tflffe floor who sat here when, we declared war against Spain who does not well remember the impatience there was because the president did not sooner send to the congress his war message of April 11, 1898. There were deep mutterings; and the prediction was frequently heard that if there was a day’s further delay there Would be a declaration of war without the message. Who is there here who does not remember the intensity of the strain which all experienced, night and day? Who does not recall the sharp and intemperate criticism of the president his stand against war? Theraiplomatlc correspondence shows how earnestly he sought to preserve peace. After all efforts seemed unavailing he submitted to the congress his message, setting forth the conditions in Cuba and the efforts of the administration to ameliorate them and concluded with these impressive words: “The issue is npw with the congress. I have exhausted every effort to relieve the intolerable condition of affairs which-fa-at our doors. Prepared to execute every obligation imposed upon me by the constitution and the law, I await your action.’ No one who shall read the history of our country during the great crisis through which we have passed can fail to give President McKinley all honor for the honest and patriotic service he rendered in his effort to accomplish an honorable and enduring peace in the blood-stained island of Cuba without an appeal to the swnrd. Sir, the patience, the moderation and the self-restraint of the president in the gravest emergency which could face an executive challenged the admiration of the world, and it will have the approving judgment of history. He yielded, but it was'to the inexorable logic of events. Sir, it will be indeed a sad hour for the republic when the presidents shall love peace less ♦han war. : ■ The Tariff. "We are charged with the duty of promoting the commercial welfare and the prosperity of the people of the Philippine Islands so far as it can be done by the enactment of laws. We must have a care that our laws are not unduly restrictive and that they do not unnecessarily burden the commerce of the islands. Prosperity in the islands will accomplish much toward the promotion of peace and contentment among the inhabitants. Revenue must be provided for the support of the insular and municipal governments, for the support of public schools, the improvement of harbors, the construction of much needed highways and for other needful and useful governmental purposes, etc. It has been asserted upon this floor and reiterated frequently, that we have been engaged in the unholy task of overthrowing a republic in the Pfatlip- ’ pfftes; that a republic had been established there, endowed fully with the functions of government; that it was exercising coranlete sovereignty,

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Shelf Hardware. . T strap and screw hinges. All sizes of loose pin butts. Bronze mortise or common rim locks. Padlocks of every description, also trunk locks. Carpenters’ auger bits and chisels. A good line of handsaws, including the famous Diston. The famous Maydole hammer and hatchets, carpenters’ plumbs, levels, pencils and chalk. The best line of pocket and table cutlery in the county, all fully warranted. Butcher knives and cleavers and kitchen saws, coat and hat hooks, cage, chandalier and clothes line hooks. A large line of screws and bolts. A complete, assortment of kitchen ware, as granite, tin and enameled ware. We have iron arid wooden pumps. Implements. We have the celebrated Gale tools. 14 and 16 inch breaking plows, cultivators and harrows. Disc harrows, planters with fertilizer attachments. These planters are warranted to run wet fertilizer. Also handle finished doubletree woods, singletrees, oleviss and neokyokes.

Lumber and Building Material. We carry Hemlock piece stuff. Rough wide barn board of common lengths, 4 and 6 inch fencing of various lengths. Drop siding in white and yellow pine;'.bevel siding in white pine and basswood, yellow pine and hemloch ship lap, in common lengths. Three grades of shingles always on hand. A good stock of doors and windows, window and door jams, quarter rounds and mouldings of different kinds. 4in yellow pine flooring, head and base blocks. No. 1 white pine pickets, (fancy top); No. 1 and 2 pine lath; Building Paper and Lime always on hand. Anything not in stock we will procure as speedily as possible

Try us once and it will be a wonder to yon where we buy our go ods that we are enabled to sell as cheaply as we do. RESPECTFULLY, W. R. LEE. MCCOYSBURG. IND

' A good honeMnd poor lookIng harness is the wont kind of a combinatlon. ■ ™ Eureka Harness Oil 'Wnot only makw the harness and the ’lira horse look better, but makes the • leather soft and pliable, puts it in conlllh f -A! i dition to last—twice as long I U/lUKK(/h> us ordinarily would. /VA 11 50,4 everywhere in cans—all iitM I ft, Made by ijEjiik STANDARD /wM oil co. uffKifx Your Horse a Chance! Been Hunting Twenty Years. Winfield, lowa. Nov. 24, 1900. Gentlemen: - I write to say that I have been troubled with Dyspepsia and Indigestion for the past twenty years, and have tried many medicines and spent much money to no purpose until I tried Dr. Caldwell’s Syrup Pepsin. I have tak n two bottles and am entirely relieved of all stomach trouble. I cannot say too much in favor of this remedy. I cheerfully recommend it to all sufferers from Indigestion of Dyspepsia. Yours truly, Wm.Ruebsam. Sbld by A. F. Long. Aspinwall Potato Machines Cheap. For ewe cueap, 1 planter, 1 cutVs,, 1 4 r< w sprayer. 1 sorter. - N. B. Jauriet, wßtp Rose Lawn, Ind. Dr. Caldwell’s Syrup Pepsintbats what keeps your bead clear your bowels regular. Sold by A. F, Long. Fiv. i*er vent. Farm Loans. Farm loans, without delay, at five per cent., and one to two per oent. commission. No need to pay three to five per cent, commission. W. B. Austin, Be isselaer, Ind. The great beauty about Dr. Caldwell’s Syrup Pepsin is in its certainty to cure Constipation, Indigestion, Biok Headache and Stomach Trou. bles. Sold by A. F. Long.' Cold Cure for Busy People. Many people neglect a cold because they say they have no time to attend to it. Krause’s Cold Cure is a remedy which can be taken without danger while performaning your daily duties, and will relieve the aggravated case in 24 hours. Price 250. Sold by A. F. Long. o

What We Handle.

Heavy Hardware. All sizes in common nails to 40c! as well as common sizes in casing and finish nails. All kinds of wire—barbed, poultry netting, smoothe and woven wire fencing. A few excellent combination wood and coal burner cook stoves to close out at factory prices. A full line of coal oil and gasoline stoves to be on soon. Samples on floor now. The Michigan Rotary. The most perfect rotary washer on the market, can be seen at any time, as we always have one on the floor. This washer is noted for its yeauty, durability and ease of running as well as perfection of work. The price of thia elegant washer is only 15.50, <hioh makes it within the reach of all. Also have the “Good Luck washer” Large line of hoes, rakes andforka. Rope, web and leather halters and jete cow ties. Rope in all sizes, Oils and Paints. Linseed oil, Eureka harness oil, machine and oylander oil, turpentine and gasoline, white and red lead, carriage paints, veuitian red and common ready mixed paints.

CALL FOR THE PACKACE THAT LOOKS LIKE THIS BECAUSE IT IS BEST ■■El* AHI ■Hlbroncure Im 11111 l ATONIC REMEDY ■ ■■ ALL bronchial ■ IRRITAnCN * ND INFLAMMATION. 11l fill SYMPTOMS: Eg ? COUGHING. CONGESTION, M HOARSENESS. if| 9IM TIGHTNESS A RAWNESS IN THE CHEST. ■ HEAVINESS. M IM® OPPRESSION, ACHES A PAINS IN THE M MliH BODY A BONES. M puffing a blowing, M “Old Man’s w.ntea Cough,” ’ IHiilll WHOOPING cough. HliOll USED WITH GRFAT SUCCESS AS A PRE vf.NTive Illi IN coics H ■' IHHB PNEUMONIA ■ * NO ■ la GRippg< si ; PRt*AHCD ONLY b. RATIONAL REMEDIES CO. g|| RENSSELAER, INDIANA. gg AND BEST IS CHEAPEST Price, sOc. - - 12 For $5.00. SOLD AND GUARANTEED BY AU Druggists. Money On Farms. At 5 Per Cent. A special fund to loan on Farms for Five Years at 5 per Cent, interest, with privilege to make partial payments any interest paying time. Also loans on city property at ow rates. Call or write Commercial State Bank, Rensselaer, Ind No. Side Pub. Square. Rosy Cheeks. Do you want them? Do you simply want/to glow with health? Do you want to eat well, sleep well and work well? Try Liohty’s Celery Nerve Compound. Sold by A. F. Long. Never Had a Cold. since I began carrying a package of Krause’s Cskl Cure Capsules in my vest pocket. I take one whenever I feel a cold coming on. It’s easy. Price 250. Sold by A. F. Long,