Rising Sun Times, Volume 3, Number 129, Rising Sun, Ohio County, 30 April 1836 — Page 1

t-'t n',irn sir

FHE RISING BUN TIME

"I WISH NO OTHER IIERLD, NO OTHER SPEAKE11 OF MY LIVING ACTIONS, TO KEEP MINE HONOR FROM CORRUPTION." JY ALEX E' GLK UISIx SUi, INDIANA, SATURDAY, APRIL, 30, 1836. VOI.UIIK I IB. -AO.

THE AFRICAN SLAVE, Jlddreising kit unfeeling Matter at the time of leaving nu naiive country. Bind last these lands these feet confine; Tell me I hid not free; From kindred, country, all that's mine, Transport ni o'er the sen In yomter mart of trafficking, here heists are bought and sold, Thrren'll me a poor African There barter me for gold ! l)egr.ii!e roe to the ttnpid beast That knows no riht or wrong, To man, though classed among the least, Deny tint t belong. Sav that I have no heart but steel No fret-born rights to loseNo soul, my injured wrongs to feel No better part to chootc. Do thi, and then to church repair! Assume the Christian name; And to thy God prefer thy pr.ncr, Devoid of fear or shame; Reach forth thy hand to lake the cup Solvation hath enjoined; Like Judas! with the Savior sup, With au unhallowed omul ! But knnr, thr God wa ever known The God of peace and love ; He nt'ver can thy spirit own In the blest courts above. Tiiy God Kthis t!ii world's sordid gain, And koon will leave thee drear ; When racke I with some distracting pain, Thou (halt not find Him near. There is a day approaching fast, (It lies bey end the grave,) hen righteous judgment fill be passed On tyrant and on slave : To him who hath no mercy known. No mercy will be given ; While lie w ho hath kind pity shown hall fhnl a place in Heaven. I bow, since thou will not repent Nor longer for me wait, Since thy strni heart cannot reli nt, 1 bow me to my fate, tn distntit lands unknown to me, Without one pitying friend, Drudged out in abject slawry, My w retched It to shall end. When each Ion,; sultry day is past. My weary task to close. And dew-drops gently falling fast, Intrite me to repose, I 'II hie me to some lonely spot Where footsteps r.eVr have trod. And thre, by all mankind forgot. Will raise mj soul to God. I miy rot, shall not be drnied The soul-sustaining grace Of him who hath on Calvary diet!, r'or al! the human rare. I 1' in that ione, sequestered shade. Pour forth that briny flood, To Him who hath in wisdom made " Ali nations of one blood." AGRICULTURAL. ON HIE CULTURE OF POTATOES. From " Letters from a Father living in the Stat nt Kia Yuri; . tn I. it Soil in pstrrn Pennsylvania,'1 published in the Genesee Farmer. J To mt Sox In a scries of letters, claiming to be agricultural, and to contaia a general treatise of tural econo r,y, the rod husbandry should not be overlooked. By the root husbandry is meant, as I understand it, the field cul tureof roots, w ith intent to provide food for neat cattle, hordes, sheep and hogs, The roots principally relied on for the purposes aforesaid, are potatoes, turueps, ruta baga. mangel wurtzel, car- - , rots and beeis. It does not appear that the comparative merits of the roots thus enumerated, have been ascertained to the general satislaction ol the larining community. Some prefer one of them, and some another. No doubt they are all valuable roots, and suscepHDle oi neu culture to a greater or less degree ol protir, according to congeninuiy ci eon, ana otner circumstances. Although it was known here thai the root husbandry had succeeded perfectly well in some parts o f.uropc,cspeciau

England and Scotland, and had achiev- nor. seed. Potatoes do, indeed, freed wonders in accumulating the wealth I qneiitly produce seed, but that is quit.-

and f csources of those countries, yet it was for a lor.g time doubted w hether it would succeed in this country, wheie the wir.lers arc long and severe. By the experiments of several enterprising

cenllemen in different parts of theled, there are diversities of opinion

country, the question has of late been put to rest doubts have been removed and scepticism has yielded to the truth. - ft is no longer doubted, by those who ar competent to judge, that the root husbandry can be applied to this conntry, and that too to ihe great advanage ol the general interest of its husbandry. At the head of the root family stands

the potatoe. Although potatoes ma) than is ronsitent with thrifty vegetar.ot be, and probably are not, the best ijon. f plant whole potatoes of the roots for field culture, when the object i- ftf luiket's eegs. (and I would r.ev-

is to produce food for neat stock andUr plant smaller ones,) one alone suffi-

iheep, jet lor uie many oiner impor tint uses 10 wmcn iney re ppnea, they are entitled to nign esumuoii,anj pv iustlv claim superiority to every other kind or species of the root family, Fir fattening pork they are probabl) b. ter than any other sort of roots. But fti principal cncn-o ivi

llc. Here ihey have no kindred rival?. As an article of food, sustaining and comforting liumaii life, the potatoe slai ds pre-eminent above all his fellows. II a mulfifude of extant publications on the culture of polaloes should Inconsidered as superceding the necessity of writing and publishing any thing more upon the subject, then I ought to drop my pen instantly, and write nothing more on the subject of potatoes. Enough to compose volumes has bc.cn published on the subject. The agricultural journals teem with potatoe Vx perimems and ins) ructions, such as the are, relative to the manner of rulliva ling the crop. But unfortunately, the results of experiments are so discoidanl and many of the opinions given are so contradictory to each other, that an enquirer after truth can scarcely be bentlilted by reading what has been published. I do not mean to pass au indis criminate censure on all the publications, relative to potatoes, that have appeared in the public journals. Many ol them are sensible productions, and but for their misfortune of being connected with visionary and contradictory associate, they might be read with interest, and be useful guides to correct practice. As things are, they labor under great disadvantages, ll does nol appear after all that there need be any peculiar difficulty in cultivating potatoes. There are, indeed, a few coinman sense principles which ought always to be regarded. What these are I will endeavor to show, and when that is done the subject will be dismissed. In the fust place, it is important to the potatoe planter that he have in his possession a good variety or sort of potatoes. Every planter should make this a primary concern. The potatoe

family, like almost every other belong ing to the vegetable kingdom, is com posed f many varieties. It cannot be upposcd that Ihey are all equally pro ductive, or equally meritorious, in point of flavor or nutritive substance. The fact is known to be far otherwise. Some varieties are known to be comparatively, if not positively, worthless. wiiile among olbeis will be found representations of all the degrees of comparison good, better, best. To culti vate an inferior sort of potatoes, while better, and even the very best sort. ... . , . ., migiu oe CUlllvatca will! equal ease. and no greater expense, is a practice which can admit of no justification, Vet this is frequently done. That an) farmers should practice so indiscreet!) in regard to this concern, as it is known many do, is altogether unaccountable, Should a potatoe planter desire me to ge him instructions relative to the culture of potatoes, my first precept would be, procure a good variety spare no pains to procure the very best variety that can be obtained. I might recommend a few varieties, but there ill not be room in this letter lor a de Iscription of them. previous to planting, care should he ,i.cn o aM.erlajn a? ne:,rly as possible wnat quantity of seed i required for a of potatoes. It should be n quanneither greater nor less than is nc ce5Mry (o procre ,lC most profitable reM,jlP. use the word seed, because know of no other that will so readilv and advantageously express my mean. i ing. let the potatoe? bulb or iott is H different thine W hen, thereloie, I use ihe term seed, I use it according t popular custom, meaning the potatoe J hsef. It j? known that in regard to the quantity of seed ntressary to be u land practice differs accordingly. The pievailing inclination seems lobe, to I use seed to excess, Planters, if I am not mistaken, err mote, frequently in n j cirtg too much seed, than in not using enough. It docs not appear that tin potatoe crop is benefitted by heavy seeding, loo much seed is delrimeu tal to it. by causing mere toots, and a greater number of potatoes to grow - ces for a hill. If it were larger It o'd please me better, and it mny be ton smerahiy larger, perhaps twice as larg and vet be nlamH evil bout ruttintT. . rarely plant more than one whole nola toe in n hill, and if they are cut, as they always are when large, then only -onc piece tuuicei lor a Dill.

The largest potatoes shouid always be selected for planting. It is, as I maintain, a general rule, apply ing to all vegetable, as well as animal Irises, that Ihe more perfect tha parents are, the more perfect the clF-pring or progeny may be expected to be. Husbandmen, when select iiig seeds lor their various crops, should never lose sight of this rule. To plant or sow seeds of an inferior quality, lessens the prospect of a good crop, and it lendto deteriorate the species or vaiiety. If persisted in, it will, in a little time, render the produce wort hit' ss. In regard to the culture of potatoes, the error of planting imperfect seed is practised to an unpardonable extent. The very smallest potatoes,such as are scarcely fit for any useful purpose, are often selected for that use. The consequence is a rapid deterioration in ihe quality and quantity of their produce, it docs not appear to be true, as man) suppose, that potatoes, in order to perpeluate their good qualities, need to be irequeiilly t hanged from one dilant place to another. I Ivtve cultivated ihe Sardinia potato mote than twenty years on my (arm, in an uninterrupted succession, always using seed produced on the farm, -Mid not the least symptom of deteiioration has appeared, in regard to either the quantity or quality of its production. On the contrary, the variety appears to have improved under my culture.

My practice, as before remarked, is, to select for planting the largest pota toes. I am parliculaily careful lose lect for that use such as are overgiown, and are for that reason unfit for cuhna ry purposes. lf,after all these are taken, there still temains a deficiency to be supplied, the next largest and best potatoes are selected for that use. As alwa)s plant large potatoes when uch can be obtained, my practice ol course is to cut them, and in doing this endeavor to divide them so as to give to each hall of a potatoe an equal num ber of eyes or buds," M as neailyo as practicable. Ihe half ol a potatoe ius divided supplies seed for one hill. Sometimes, when the potatoe is very arge, it is divided into more than two parts, and then each part ttipplies seed lor a hill. Although the practice ol cutting seed potatoes is by some objec ted to, yet I am satisfied that cutting does them no ii jury, and if they are arge, as seed potatoes al ways should be, cutting is absolutely necessary. Al what distance apart should pota toes be planted? This is an important question, and I regret that I cannot an ver it to my own saltslaciiou. I am inclined to believe that planters err more frequently in planting too thin than otherwise. The moie general racticc, so far as I know, is, to plant potatoes in hills, but thev are some times planted on rows in one continu ous order. If planted in hills,! cannot uppose the hills need be distant from each other more than three feet; per Haps smaller distances would be belter. f planted on rows in a continuous order which is probably the better way, the rows may be four feet apart, and then the potatoes should be dropped on the rows one within twelve or filieen inches of another. The evils to be guarded against in making choice of distance are, on Ihe one hand, nol to waste the use of land by neglecting to distribute seed upon it in sufficient quantities and in a suitable ii auuer, and on the other, not to injure the crop by oversecding. truest ions in such cases relative to tlis lance can be settled only by expert menls. You i self, and every other fai mer, should become au experimenter. It is in the power of every fat mer to intitute and carry on many experiment? in relation to practical husbandry. may be done on a scale so small as to cost merely nothing, and put nothing tohaz'id, and )et be the means o sel thug many doubtful questions, and thus improving his own husbandry and that of the country around him. The culture of potatoes differs from that of most other crops belonging to the drill husbandry only in a few par ticulars. The potatoe crop requires a rich soil no matter how rich. Any sort of dung may be applied to il in pro lusion. In many cases it is good prar. ticc lo dung potatoes in the holes. Plaster operates on potatoes lo as great effect as on any thing else. Potatoes require also, in common with all the other tilled crops, good Ullage. But in regard to tillage, care should be taken to discontinue it tn earlier in the season

lan is necessary and proper in relation ) most oth;r crops. After the time

when patotoes aie i:i blossom, the ground about them should not be stir red by any implement of tillage. Al that time the buliis or small potatoes are formed or forming, and any subseuent agitation oi ihe giound causes new roots to grow, and multiplies the umber ol potatoes. he consequence that the potatoes are many and small, and the crop less valuable titan it otherwise would be. If, after the season for tillage has passed, weeds grow up among potatoes to iheir iiju- ', they may be pulled out, but tins inttld be done wiih as little disturance to the ground as practicable. In ome instances, when large weeds grow in close connection with the hills, it will be hotter lo cut them out with a rkie or sharp knife. The practice, once universally prevaeni,ol hauling up the ground and raiinghigh hills about (he potatoes, lilted only to turn otf the water which the crops need', has not been able to abide the light of science, or the experionce of modem times. It is now almost uni versally exploded, as absurd, unphiloophical, and mischievous to the crop. armersin general aie now well satislied, that neither potatoes nor coi n need hilling, and that in either case hrah minted lulls are detrimental. The ground about potatoes should be left in the best form to retain the water that may fall upon it if descending at all from the hills, the descent should be vey moderate and sloping. It is not advisable to dig and harvest potatoes early in the fall. There i reason to believe, and many do believe, that potatoes improve, under some circumstances at least, and continue lo idvauce towards greater degrees ol maturity, long after their top are dead. lie this as it may, it is certain they can be placed in no other situation so favorable to their keeping well, and pre serving all Iheir good properties, as in the hill where nature placed them. II ihey could continue there through the winter, uniijured by the frosl, they would come out in the spring in supe rior order. It is belter, therefoie, to defer harvesting the potaloe crop till rather a late season in ihe fall, yet pro deuce must be exercised, and care ta ken, not to allow the crop to be fasten ed in bv the winter. An opinion prevails extensively, and it is sustained by our best authorities, lhat it injures potatoes to dry them, especially to have ihe hot sun shine much upon them, after they are pulled, his aid the efieet of this is, lo alter their flavor, often, if ihe heat be great and ong continued, turning them to a green color, always rendering them less pala table, and sometimes poisonous. In regard to these doctrines, I am not alto gether an unbeliever. Recently it has een my practice, when harvesting po laloes, to expose them as little as practicable to the. weather, especially the hot sun. The sooner after they are dug I can get them to the cell ar, to the nit, or some other dark place, the belter I am pleased, and if they are wet and dirty lhat gives me no trouble. A r ATHEIt. New York Slafe,-Ftb.S3G. "EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD." There is a period in the life of every voting mai over which to pass safely, requires Ihe in st skilful navigation. To double ibis point is more dangerous to the moral character, than for navigators to double C tpe Horn. The whirlpool of pride and the quicksand of self conceit yawn upon them, and are lo a young man what Svlla and Charvbdis were lo the ancients. I ins period is from 16 to 21 years of age, and during this tune a young man is subject lo what is commonly called eighteen years old fever,' (hough ow ing fo the precocity ol some, Ihey are attacked as early as sixteen. I he effects of this disease are altogether dif ferent from these morbid complaints, to which the human family is subject in stead of wasting away, it produces a "eneral inflation of the intellect, if I may so express it, which renders the subiert more' like a bladder filled nvith wind than a rational being. A vounc man undci the influence of this disease: is a perfect wiseacre; he is too knowing to learn from the experi ence of age: he knows best what is his own interest; his parents and all who have eone before him, arc, in his opinon, fools; he imagines himself to be

the first of a very w ise generation and therefore construes every friendly admonition into an attempt to coerce him or to abridge his privileges. He discovers the down of puberty upon his chin, and believes that the application ul a razor to his phiz would put the fii ishing touch; for if he has a beard and shaves, he must of course be a mar.; and above all the ladies dislike a beardless man. He therefore obtains a razor and soap, and steals away unobserved, to the gairel or hay loi'f, and there undergoes tiial pleasant and important operation, he comes back with his 'chin mowed,' a perfect paragon. Next commenced the operations of the toilette he examines his shorn phiz congratulates himself upon the improvement of his looks, perfumes his hair with sweet cented pomatum, or in the absence of this applies tallow and cologne ; his ears are propped up with a collar so stiff, that if he moves his head lo tiie right or left he does it at their peril; his cravat is adjusted a la mode, his handkerchief Jastly dangling in his rear; his gloves in his hand; thus equipped the bachelor of sixteen makes his grand entree among the ladies.

THE FRIKNUS OF INDIANA. The -Friend Quaker population of Indiana, are a fi ugal, industrious people; they are mostly farmers, and mind nobody's business but their own. Look at their farms, their orchards, their gardens, their cattle nnd horses, and you will see what they are about; ihey ire among the best practical farmers in the state.; there is a neatness about their premises, which proves them to lave been well instructed in the busi ness of agriculture, and to understand the most profitable mode of cultivating the soil. Though generally well in formed, they make no parade of their knowledge; they are never found in triguing for office, they meddle little with, politics, and yet no one sect among us are more firmly established in their opinions; they seek for correct information, are plain and economizing in all their motions: they despise ex travagance in every thing, their houses abound in plenty, ihey drive fat horses, live honestly, and are finally an honor to any state or country they inhubit Lmmer. The life op a Soldier. An officer of the Georgia Volunteers who marched to Fort King with General Clinch, tv rites as follows: 'To give some idea of (he scarcity it Fort King I will mention that S3 was paid for one biscuit, $1 per gill for tquor $20 per gallon was ottered for liquor and would have been given readily. 1 think in one instance 100 was offered for one gallon. Money was of no use, grog usurped its place, and - - j - i would buy any thing in the eating line. I offered a U. S. soldier, twenty five cents-for his cup of colK:e,and he would not take it, but would have given it up instantly for a drink of liquor. The generous ftllow divided it with me and would not charge a cent." Bad Butteu. It may be useful to grocers as well as to private families, to -know that bad butter, so bad as to be scarcely eatable or saleable, may be estored to its original quality, by wash ing it in water sufficiently warm to make it dissolve freely in the hand, until the old sail is washed out; and by then nding the proper quantity of new salf,and about one ounce of fine moist sugar to the pound. Beat it up till it is free from water and it will be perfectly good. VVeauixg Flannels. As the genial sunshine of Spring advances, those accustomed to wearing flannel undergar ments are too much disposed to lay them suddenly aside. This is an error of great magnitude. Keep them on until the east w ind is no longer elaborated: till the flowers are blooming in the fields, and a uniform atmospheric temperature is established. A multitude, annually, are hurried to an early grave, in the very meridian of life, in consequence of not understanding, or by neglecting this simple important advice. The Mass. House of Representatives, by a vote of 234 to 171, has passed an Act to abolish the punishment of death for the crimes of treason, rape, burglary in the uighf, and robbery wi!h the uso of dendly weapon;.

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