Rising Sun Times, Volume 3, Number 126, Rising Sun, Ohio County, 9 April 1836 — Page 4

THE FARMER. From the Genesee Fanner. o thi: cin.TUKK of oats. To my So. According to the order cf naiure, oats follow coin. They are generally cultivated next after coin, and it is believed they arc next in reCard totheirinlrinsic value. As therefore corn was the subject of my preceding letter, the culture of oats may. with perfect propriety, be the subject of till?. It has been seen that oats can he n?cd with tolerable advantage as fallow crops', preparatory to the culture of wheat, but, independently of their use for such purposes, they are unquestionably, next to wheat and corn, the most valuable species of grain that is cultivated in this country. Oats need only to be hulled, and otherwise properly manufactured, to become a useful article of bread stuff for the support of human life. But the principle and almost only use that has been made of them in this country, has been to give them, in different slates of preparation, to flock. Every part of the oat crop is valuable the straw for fodder, and the grain itself for the oilier uses of provender. To all sorts of stock, from the hog to the horse, oat? are capable cf supplying an article of nutritious and palatable food. That, as provender for horses, they stand at the head of the grain family, is, I believe, univcr tally admitted. Little danger need be apprehended, that the oat market in this country will be overstocked. To supply horse teams, employed on stage lines, canals, railways and the like, the call for oats is already very great, and will he annually increasing. Oats then may be cultivated to any extcr.t, with a good degree of certainty that they will be saleable in the maikcts at fair prices. It is scarcely possible that the produce, in any year, can exceed the consump tion. To cultivate oats successfully, good tillage and skilful husbandry are no less necessary than in the culture of other crops. It is, 1 believe, universally admitted, that oats, the better to ensure a plentiful crop, should be sowed as early in the spring as the weather and state cf the ground will permit. . There is no danger, if the ground be in proper order, of sowing them too early. If oats are sown after corn, as is, so far as I know, the general practice, the ground fhould be ploughed and harrowed before the seed is put on, and afterwards harrowed again to cover the seed. As nothing ha? yet been said, k; these letters, relative to the proper depth of covering or planting seeds, and as the subject is important, I will now advert to it, although it may require a small digression from the main subject of this letter. It is not a matter of indifference at what depth below the surface of the ground seeds are placed, whether they be oats, or wheat, or any other species of grain or of plants. Three ngents are necessarily employed in causing seeds to vegetate and plants to grow. These are air, heat, and water. if icerls are buried too deep under the surface of the ground, they arc in a measure, excluded from the agencies of air and heat, and of course they either do not vegetate at all, or if they do vegetate, the plants are sickly and feeble. If seeds arc buried too superficially, they sometimes in case of dryweather, lack moisture, and for that reason they either perish, or the plants at nrst maintain only a tickly and lee ble existence. These remarks seem to suggest a general rule, applicable alike to all cases of seeding. The rule is, to cover the seed at such a depth below the surface of the ground, as will secure in its behalf, and in the best manner, the combined agency of air, heat and writer. This is always near the surface. lo cover seeds deeper than is necesa ry to secure about them a sufficient de -gree of moisture to make them vegetate find take roof, is covering too deep for the benefit of the crop. To cover oats or wheat, or any other grain, with a plough, turning over a furrow of com mon depth, places the seed too far be neath the surface of the ground. In general, it is better, in such cases, to cover with a harrow, or, if a plough be used for that purpose, it should operate only superficially. In planting corn care should be taken neither to make the holes too deep, nor cover too deep It is, however, absolutely necessary to make the holes deep enough to secure for the seed a moist bed of earth, and when this is done, the covering should b only quite superficial. I consider

these remaiks as important, and having made them, I will now revert to the main subject of my letter, the culture of oats. It is believed, the soil of your farm, as well as that of most other farms in vour vicinity, is peculiarly adapted to the growth of oats. If such be the fact, it is the more important that you and your fellow citizens, understand the various methods, and especially the best methods of cultivating the oat crop. Not tsnfrequently, as we are informed, oats are cultivated to advantage on green sward. This I have not witnessed, hut I have no doubt of its practicability. Oats too may be cultivated on w heal or rye stubble, and for aught I know, on buckwheat stubble. But whatever method lie adopted, or what

ever may be the state and condition of the ground on w Inch oats are to he sown, I maintain that the tillage and preparation for this crop, no less than for any other, should be performed with care and precision. Many larmors seem to act under the impression, that oats. being a hardv crop, will grow well enough without having much done to prepare the ground for their reception. The consequence is. that they obtain only small and unprofitable crops, when with a (rifle more of expense, they might obtain crops of a superior order. If oats are to be cultivated on stiff grass ground, the sward should be turned o ver and otherwise managed, in all re spects, precisely a3 if corn w ere lo be planted upon it. It is generally agreed, (hat about two bushels of oat seed is a sufficient quantity for one 'acre of ground. It certainly is so, if the sowing is perform ed at the right season, and the ground be in good heart, and properly prepared I am not sere that a smaller quantity would not, in some cases, be better. But if (he sowing is deferred (ill late in the spring, or if the ground is not rich, or is not well cultivated, it may be better to increase the quantity, and sow more than two bushels on an acre. 1 he oat crop sometimes yields at the rate of six ty, seventy, and perhaps eighty bushel per acre. Bui these are rare crops. It is believed the average produce should not be rated higher than thirty-five bushels oer acre. Of the oat family, as well as those of the other grains, there are many va riclies. It is not to be supposed that they arc all equally meritorious, or e qually adapted to any particular soil or location. It is worthy of much greater care than is generally taken by farmers to procure the best varieties of all (he cultivated grains. Recently (here has been introduced (o (his connlry a new variety of oats; and at this lime (here prevails a highly excited expectation thai they will prove to be a valuable acquisition to the husbandry of the country. They are called Skinless Oats, because they have no hull, nor any thing like that husky integument which envelopes the oat kernel. 1 he grain is said neatly lo resemble the na ked oat kernel itself, when divested of its husky integument. These oats are said to be natives of some of the high northern latitudes of Asia. Their excellence is supposed to consist both in their abundant produce, and superior quality, the former frequently, as it is said, amounting to eighty bushel, and sometimes more, from an acre. They are said to be much heavier, and of course to contain more nutriment than other oats. They are no less palpable and nutritious to slock than the oats now in use. And as they have no hulls, and are already as nature leaves ihem, in a stale of perfect preparation forlhe flouring mill, if indeed they need flouring to fit Ihem for use as an article of bread stuff, it would seem they may be come doubly useful, supplying food to man as well as (o beast. 1 intend (o procure from Albany this winter, small quantity of these oats for my own use, and if possible 1 will send some of them to you. In regard to the manner of harvest ing oats, farmers are, in general, obstin ately attached to the old usages and customs. The sentiment prevails ex tensively among them, that they must be harvested in a way that will ad mit of binding them into bundles. It is soppoped of course that they must he reaped or cradled. When the crop stands up well, nol having been beaten down by Ihe winds and rain, (his is un questionably the best way of harvesting them. 13ul when oats ate badly lodg ed and tangled, as they are more Ire quently than other crops, to reap or cradle them often becomes a difficult operation, lo be performed only with much hard labor and expense. In such cases (here is unquestionably a better and more economical way of harvesting the crop, and yet it is with difficulty that farmers can be persuaded to adopt it. However badly oats may'be lodged and tangled, they can generally be cut

quite expeditiously with a naked scythe.

I hey can subsequently ue raKed into bunches, and when dry enough, gath ered lo the barn, with no other difficu! ty than when hay, or any other unbound crop, is to be gathered. In this way the crop can be harvested as neatly as in any other, and with no greater waste of grain. The threshing will scarcely be more expensive, especially if the grain is to be trodden out with horses the straw will be equally valuable, and the saving of labor very great. In this way I have practised, during a series of many years, when my oats were bady lodged and tangled, and the results iave been entirely satisfactory. A t ATIIER. Xezo York Slate, Jan. 1836. Saddle and Harness FACTORY. NELSON EASTMAN, Respectfully informs his friends and the public generally, that, he has opened a shop in the house formerly occupi ed b Decoursey and Kicharctson, next door to his fathers shop where he will manufacture and keep on hand. or make, to, order. Saddles, Bridles, Martin gales, Harness, Whips, Trunks, and all other articles m his line of busi ness. He has purchased the patent right for making Spring Saddles, a late invention, and a very great improve ment both for horse and rider. Orders for any articles in his line will be thankfully received, and executed in a manner which he flatters himself will give entire satisfaction. He returns his thanks for past favors, and hopes by close attention to business and a determination lo do good work, to receive a continuance of the same. Rising Sun, March TJ, 1336-3m SPKIKG GOODS. CA RLISLE WHITE, No. 17, Pearl street, Cincinnati, AVE received, and are now opening, 250 packages Fancy and Staple Dry Goods, being a part of their Stock for Spring Irade; among which are Super and Medium, Blue, Black, Adelaide, Mulberry, Brown, and Green BROAD CLOTHS Striped, Adams' mixtuie, Blue, and Steel mixt SAT HlVPrpo T- i III niriio fcu cases rancy and lilue Prints; Ginghams; Chambrays; Printed Jackonets; btrip'd and Checked Cam bricks ; Irish Linnen; Long Lawn ;brown and yellow French Linnen; Mexican Mixtures; Cantoon Cord; Constitution Twill; Cottonade; blue Drills; Beaver leen; Striped Stormants; Vesting; Ho siery; Flag, Bandanna, Sarcenet, Pon gee and Bnttania Handkerchiefs; Plain and bigured Bobbinet; Bobbinet Lace bishop Lawn; Plain and Figured Book, Cambrick, Jackonet, and Mull Muslins talian Sewings; Twist; Canvass; Buck ram ;Padding;brownand bleach'd Shirt ing and Sheeting; Ticking; Checks I laids and Diaper; with a great varie ly of other articles, making their stock very complete. All of which will be sold at fair prices for cash, or approved paper. Merchants visiting the city with a f!nr.r I,. 1, -.111 C. - J L . .1. ik. m in j H jurist, 111 uiiu u 10 iiieir in terest to give them a call. Cincinnati, Feb. 27, 1336. Wot ice. THE proprietor of the Rising Sun Coffee House, wishes to inform the public, that together with a good supply of Eiqitot'S, at wholesale and retail, he has added to his establish ment a BAKERY, and has engaged a workman who understands the business in all its various branches. He can therefore supply his customers with Good Bread, Crackers, Ginger Cakes, Biscuit, and such other articles in that lino -v iv. j no may be called for, on as good terms as can be purchased elsewhere. Country merchants, Grocers, and tavern keeners, can be supplied with Crackers by me oarrei or nan barret, at the Uincin nati prices. Customers SHOES made to order, on the shortest notice. Also, BARBEMXG at the same place, in the best si)e. THOMAS DAVIS. Rising Sun, March 5, 1836. Apprentice Wanted. A BOY 16 or 17 years of age, wan ed immediately as an apprentice to inebtone Mason, bricklaying and Plas lenng business. JNo one need make application unless well recommended for sober and industrious habits. CLARK & CROSLEY. Rising Sun, Feb. 20, 1836. Tobacco. HOO KEGS Tobacco No-1 jst received and for sale by marl9 HAINES & LANIUS.I

IS GOT and SHOE Jl Ai I IMCTOUY. GEO. B. H ALL respectfully informs his old Iriends and the pub

lic in general, that he has opened a shop in the frame building adjoining Craft &, Son's store, where he intends to keep on hand a good assortment of hOOTS AND SHOES, Manufactured from the best materials, and by good workmen, which will enable him to warrant his work of the best quality. He invites his friends and all others who may want articles in his line, to give him a call. Ladies Prunella Shoes alwas hand. Messrs. Geering and Bassetl, having declined carrying on a shop, they will hereafter work for G. B. II. RisimrSiin. Jn. 3D. 1 RSfi IRff ieV cfc tfilCail IjtOOUS. ftifl'tM Ofc f KUiv;i, AVE just received and are now opening, at the stand formerly occupied by Pepper and James, corner of Main and Front streets, a very general and well selected assortment of SPRIXG fc SIL1UIEK CONSISTING IN PART OF Brand Cloths. Cassimeres and Cassincils of various colors; Kentucky and Domestic Jeans: Satlintts. Liacasstans, Ginhams, Silks. I eslings, Gloves, Shazcls & Handkerchiefs, Cambrics, Hosiery, Irish Linen, a great variety of Calicoes, bheeungs and Shirtings. Jt lanncls, together villi all other articles in the Dru Goods Ime. GROCERIES. Tiw,., i,o, ;...t .,,.,i cxnnl nf Fresh Groceries, and intend keeping - -J -- - - J - - II' i good assortment and of the best qual ity the markets aftord. They also have on hand and will con stantly keep a good assortment of Hardware, Qucensware, Cutlery, Glass and Tinware, Cotton Yarn, Castings,SaddIery, Cordage, Win(low Glass, Boots and hoes, Caps, Iron, Steel, Nails, Powder, Shot, Lead, Drusre and Medicines, &c. All of which they will sell as loic, and on as good terms as can be purchased elsewhere. The public are respectful ly invited to call and examine their as sortment. Rising Sun, Feb. 27, 1 33G. P. & II. Jamcs9 HAVE just received a fresh supply of new and fashionable Goods, comprising in parr a spienuia assort ment of Fancy Calicoes, especial ly selected for the Fall season, which, in addition to their former stock, compri ses almost every article used in our country, either by the Jarmer or JIechanic, which they will sell low for cash, or approved produce. COTTON YA II IV, BATTING, AXD CAXDLE WICK, Will always be found in their establish ment, for sale either by wholesale or retail. They have also a large lot of Ma na tcli a Salt, of the first quality, which they will kj1I at 37 1-2 cents per bushel. Rising Sun, Sept. 2G, 1C35. HISIKG SUN Chair Factory. HE subscribers respect fully inform the citizen inr Sun. the surrounding ' j'' country, and the public gene fii 1 1 - I Ki i li o v ' ro tin iv rurri' e ' o J 1.1111 HIV. J IIIU lfij ingon,in the shop formerly occupied by Robert Best, on Main st. next to Messrs Ilodgers' brick house, the Chairmaking business, and will keep on hand and make to order, all kinds of WIXDSOR, CAXE, and RUSH BOTTOM Chairs, Settees, and all other kinds of work in their line. From their experience in this business, and a determination to do good work, they flatter themselves that they will receive a liberal custom. Orders from a distance will be promptly attended (o. Old Chairs, Settees, &c. will be repaired on liberal terms, and at a short notice. Country Produce, such as may be agrtsed upon, will be taken in payment. MA PES & ARMSTRONG. Risinff Sun, Dee. 2G, 1 83f. Craft 4V Son, MJAVE just replenished their store " of DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, HARDWARE, QUE&VSIVARE, and CUTLERY, making their assortmelcomplete, and they are now selling at unusual low prices for Cash. Rising Sun, Nov. 7, 1835.-4 Sugar. HHDS. N. O. Sugar, just received and for sale by marl9 HAINES & LANIU5.

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WE IF GO S. HATHAWAY, IX AS just received from New York Jfl. and Philadelphia, an extensive variety of NEW and SEASONABLE GOODS, which he offers at ptices that

cannot tan to give satisfaction lo the purchaser consisting in part of the following articles, viz: DRY GOODS. Super black, blue, mulberry, green, olive and mixed broad Cloths, Blue, black, drab, light and dark stri ped Cassimercs; A complete assortment of ladies' and gentlemen s gloves & hosiery; 1 l . s- l . .v."" - A '?rSe aSs 1 L P,an? and "gured silk, 1,w,sc,l,es .ueucia ana couon vesllligS; btOCUS Plain, nink. buff, slrined. and rhrrfcrr! Scotch and French Ginghams: French printed Muslins and Gingham?. rich patterns; Bleached and unbleached Sheeting and blurting; Plain, corded and crossbarred White Cambrics; colored do. Cambric Muslins ; jaconet, Swiss, mull plain and figured Book do. Green Barrage; Italian imitation do. Gro dc Nap, Gro de Swiss, Florence, and sarsanet bilks, Bombazenes and crape Dclerin; Irish Linens; brown and bleach'd Russia Linens; Linen Cambric: liobinet laces, Edgings, black silk Velvet, Kussia diaper; lied ticking; bilk and Lotion Umbrellas; r lannels, twisted bilpk; crape, gauz, and fancy dress lidkls; b ,ae' 'd1i'i Italian and pongee silk pocket iiiiKis. Also, about 200 pieces Calicoes, comprising nl most every style; British Sewing Twist on spools; Summer stuffs, Drilling, Ermenet, Sum mer Cloths, etc. Straw and Leghorn Bonnets,latest fash ions; Palm Hats, V ur do. Boots, Shoes and IS rogans. Also, a fine assortment of Hardware, Crockery, Glass, China and Hollowware,Grocenes,Meoicines,Paints,Dye o"Ia ' iron, bteej, Xrnivr, r-J, UUUIV.ICJ KjJdUtS, hjllrtj Hinges, &c. &c. Rising Sun, April 25, 1835.-y IYEW GOODS. UT received, in addition to our former stock, a general assortment of FALL AXD IVLYTER GOODS, consisting in part of Super blue, black, g green, olive, brown, and steel mixed Broad Cloths; Brown and drab Petersham do.; Blue, black, brown, olive, sleel mixed, striped and plaid Casimeresand Satinelts; Lexington Jeans; Rose and Point B'ankets; Red,scarlet,grcen and twilled Flannels Do do do Canton do Blue and brown Camblel; Bombazelts and Circassians, assorted colors; Merino cloth; Black, Italian, Lutestring, and Gro de Nap. Silks; Fig'd and plain Florence, ass'd colors; Merino, Valentia and Cotton Shawls; Dress Handkerchiefs, assorted; L- and CoUon Diaper; Irish Linen; Bleached & brown Sheet ings and Shirtings; Plain and figured Bobinett; Cross barred and striped Jackonet; Swiss, mull, plain and fig'd Cambrics; Thread and bobinct Laces & Edgings; A general assortment of Vestings, Calicoes, Ginghams, &.C. Hats and Caps; Combs, assorted ; Ladies and gentlemen's Gloves and Hosiery; Plain and gilt Looking Glasses; Cotton Yarn, assorted Nos. HARDWARE AXD CUTLERY, and Queensware. A general assortment of COOPER'S TOOIiS. GROCERIES. Also, Iron, Nails, Castings, Windotr Glass, Cordage, &c. &x. All of which will be disposed of on our usual accommodating terms. HAINES & LAN 1 US. Rising Sun, Sept. 2G, 1036. Joint lFliKe AVING resigned hisofficeas Judge of the Court, will practice LAW. Office on Walnut street, opposite the Methodist church. Lnwrencebu rgh, May, 1835. 9tf Molasses. BBLS. Molasses, just received f- and for sale by .XTtTTC, mar19 HAINES &LANIUS. TV?r "Vest: 001) YEST can be obtained at fjT all times, at the Rising Sun i Cof Using dun 1st T. DAVIS. fee House. March 19.