Rising Sun Times, Volume 3, Number 125, Rising Sun, Ohio County, 2 April 1836 — Page 4

THE FARMER. .

The following is one of a series of letters 'from a Father, living in t!ie State of Aew 1 OTK, lt 111? CI HI HI mc:iuii 'ui:i-)m.hii,., . v,lu(h ue f..l in that excellent agricultural 1 I C. Wnrtnrit lini ' iounial, the Genesee Farmer. I"cxt week we ihull publish an i-ssay 'On the Culture of Oats,' from the same pen. OX THE CULTURE Ol' COItX. To my Sox Next to wheat, next as to its value and importance, and next as to the extent of its culture, is the corn crop. Corn always was, and always will be, one of the staple products of the country in w hich Providence has cast our lot. It has been cultivated in America from time immemorial, by the aborigines, and by the pilgrims and their descendants, through every successive generation down to the present day. As an article of bread stull, it has supplied, to the inhabitants of this con tinent, a greater amount ot food than any other kind of grain. It is believed that the culture of coin may form an interesting subject for, at least, one of my letters. Corn requires a rich, loose, and fria ble soil, unlike the soils most dislm guished for wheat. Yet corn and wheat not unlienuently grow well on the same ground ; but there are soils that are cx eclient for wheat, on w hich corn will not grow to any advantage. StitV clay ey soils are generally good for wheat, but they do not suit the corn crop, and on such soils it is never wise to attempt its culture. In general the best soils lor corn are such as contain, in their composition, a large portion of sand. It has been said, corn requires a rich soil of course it should receive plenti ful supplies of manure. It may be planted after almost any other crop. Wheat stubble, or an oat or rye stubble, is a good preparation for corn; but there is no better preparation for it than greensward. If the s nurd has become old and still", that is no objection to its litncss for the culture of corn. As the practice of planting corn on green sward has become very general, and is considered an important improve ment in husbandry, a few remarks rel ative to the manner of preparing the ground, will not be deemed inappropri ate. A few days before the planting sea son arrives, the green sward, hav ing had a plentiful supply of dur.g spread upon it, should be turned over, and the work performed in a mastcily manner. 1 say, maskrfy manner, meaning to use the phrase emphatically. What I mean by it is, that the work should be per formed in a very careful and skilful manner. Livery particle of the sod should be broken up, and turned over in furrows dropping Hat down, or inclining a little one upon another. Frequently, when the plough is perform ing this work, it will be protitable to have a man follow, whose business it should be to rectify in places where the work is imperfectly performed. Such should be the tillage of green sward, when corn is to be planted upon it. Hut why speak of such tillage, as tho' it were applicable to corn ground alone? In no other manner should greensward ever be broken up, whatever may be the immediate u-se for which it is in tended. If farmers, when they com inence their summer fallows, would plough in the manner which has now been suggested, instead ol cutting and covering, and leaving the clods in all positions, as many of them do, their gains would be very great. To the importance of ploughing well, 1 have already adverted several times in my preceding letters, and I wish to impress it upon your mind, thaliW plouking, especially when applied to greensward, is an indispensable requisite of good hus-1 baudry. Next after the ploughing, when green fcward is turned over lor a corn crop, should tome to the roller. It is by no means a nvtttcr of indifference w hether the ground be or be not rotted. The roller is of great use to it in settling down the turf, and thus placing it in a situation the more readily to rot, and administer nutriment to the crop.. 1 he

roller, as well as the hanow, should be " practice of topping stalks, there draw n only jn the direction of (he fur- fo'e, is going out of use. Many pracrows', not across them. But if vou lical farmers have discontinued it alto-

have no roller, or if the use of it is forbidden ny mo presence ol loo many slumps or stones, then Ihe tillage mul re completed, as wen as it can oe, by the use only of the harrow. It should be rt maikcd, that rolling in such cases docs not supercede the necessity of harrow ing, but rather increases it. In every such case, the last implement to be tniplujcd in tilling the ground pu par- ...... I ... i : . I I I I .1 I iMory 10 pi.Mimig, suouiu ee ine narrow.

The harrow should go over the ground,

and continue to go, till the whole luce of the inverted sward is completely broken and pulverised. Operators rarely, in such cases, use the harrow as much as it might be used to advantage. Let me remark here, that after green sward has been prepared for a corn crop in the manner above described, the ground should not subsequently during the sea son, be operated upon so deeply as to disturb the sods. Whether a cultivator or a plough be employed for subse quent tillage, its operations should be only very euperlicial. Having taken a brief view of what needs to be done in order to prepare green sward, or any other ground, for planting, we come next to the planting itself. Here an important question an scs at what distance apart should the hills of corn be phnted? It is by no means a matter of indifference how corn is planted, in regard to distances. If the distances are too great, there is a needless waste in the use of the land if too small, the corn will be choked, and rendered less productive, than it otherwise might have been. The ques tion as to distance ha3 not been settled, so as to produce uniformity in practice. An opinion, however, prevails very generally among the best farmers in this section cf the country, that com should be planted considerably thicker than was formerly practised, r ew ol our planters, I believe, now plant hills further apart than three feet each way. V ery dillerent methods of planting are practised. Some have rows only one way, and four feet apart, and on these rows plant the hills eighteen inches or two feet apart. Judge Duel, to whom the farmers of this state look for examples, plants his corn in hills three feet ipart one way and two and a half the other. He rarely fails of obtaining large crops, frequent- seventy-five, bush els from an acre, and from that to one hundred, lie plants, I believe, one of the larger varieties of corn, and when he plants, intends to have four stalks grow in a hill. Your manner of planting is evidently exceptionable, for the reason that vou do not plant your corn thick enough. You will recollect that l noticed this, and spoke of it, when, in company with yourself, I saw your com last tail. If you have rows two ways, crossing each other at right angles, they certainly need not be more than three and a half feet apart, in which case the hills will stand at that distance from each other. Or if you have rows only one way, and four feet apart, you need not plant further apart on the rows than two feet. Try some experiments, and when you plant again use a measure. Recently there has been made, in the manner of planting corn, a very important improvement, and 1 believe it has been generally adopted by plant ers. It is only to plant double or more than double, the quantity of seed in each hill that is intended to have grow. The object of this is, to render it more sure, that after all the usual failures to which corn is liable, there will still be corn e nough standing in the field, and enough in every hill. 1 his is of great impor lance. It is strange that an improve ment so simple, and so obviously of great utility, should not have been tho t of long before. In connection with the first hoeing, all the shoots in each hill except four, are to be pulled out, and care should be taken to select the poor e for destruction, and retain the best. 1 his will hinder a little the hoeing pro cess, but the trifling hindrance will bear no proportion to the gains. 1 advise you to adopt this practice and when you plant corn, drop at least eight seed kernels in each hill, instead of four. That you will be pleased with the re suit I have no doubt. In what manner corn stalks can be disposed of to the best advantage, is a question which has of late been greatly agilatcd, and much has been written and published upon the subject. By numerous experiments, tried with accuracy at dillerent times and in dillerent places, it has been proved most satis factorily, that topping corn stalks, at any time while they are green enough to be vvoith topping, always injures the corn. Its injurious cilects are said to be found in the reduced weight of the grain, as well as in manifest damages the quality of the greener part of if. gether, and my opinion is, that the pracuco miouiu oe entirely abolished. Another method of saving corn stalks, iar more economical than the other, and coming info general use. is to cut the whole up near the ground, soon after the corn has become well glazed. It is (hen to be secured in small stooks, until husking lime, when the corn is to he taken t are of, and the stalks nut away for I r . .... ' sale keeping. The results arc, well

matured corn, and large supplies of fodder. Sometimes, when cot u is cultiva

ted only on a very small scale, it may be better to harvest the crop early, and then cut up the stalks. Corn should be planted earlier in the spring, than has generally been supposed to be advisable. Farmers in this section of the country have become well satisfied, that much is gained by early planting, and in general they plant earlier by several days than they did for merly. The tenth of May is not too early to plant corn, if the weather be suitable, and the ground in proper order. Any time after the twentieth of that month is too late, yet it may be better to plant late than never. The numerous varieties of corn cul tivated in this country, differ materially as to the length of time required to bring them to maturity. Some ripen earlier, and some not so early. The small sorts in general ripen earlier than the larger, and there is a dillerence among the larger varieties, some of them ripening earlier by several days than others. If a variety of corn that ripens early, and in other respects suitable lor held husbandry-, is not now in your possession, you should seek for such a variety, and continue to seek until vou obtain it. To cultivate such varieties of corn as come early to maturity, is a matter of far greater importance than most far mers seem to suppose. Many a time the contingency of having corn that ripens early will be the means of preventing great losses and sad disasters. It is understood, and doubtless is the fact, that any corn may be improved, as to its tendency to ripen early, by taking care every year to select for seed such ears as first come to maturity. This ought always to be done. Should this practice be commenced and persevered in, a variety of corn might soon be produced that would be in little danger from autumnal frosts. A Father. Ncid York State, January, 1836. THE FAIOIS OF ENGLANI. The farms are regularly laid out in to squares and parallelograms, of from two to forty acres: and in general they are laid down as smooth a level as the roller can make them. Here is a luxuriant wheat field, and there a fine meadow, and next a rich pasture, arid there busy preparations for putting in potatoes or turneps: and there barley or oats just shooting up from the dark and rich sell. But scarcely a rod of ence,suchas we meet with every where in the u. S. of America, do you see in your two hundred miles ride from Liv erpool to the metropolis. All is ha-w-thom; and these hedges, which are, for the most part, kept neatly trimmed, about the gardens and farm-houses, and by the road-side, add more to the beauty of the country, than any description had pictured upon my mind. 1 he com mon method of making the hedge is this first a ridge is thrown up, perhaps a loot above the level of the tields which are to be fenced off; then the young thorn is planted in two parallel rows, about a foot or eighteen inches apart. The growth is not very rapid ; but when it has attained the height of four or five feet, in about as many years, it be comes so dense that no domestic ani mals would think of breaking through it. The leaf is small, deeply verdant, and beautifully serrated. In the month of May these hedges are clothed with a white fragrant blossom, very much re sembling that of the thorn in our own country; and it is then that the honeysuckle and other wild flowers unfold their bright hues and mingle the sweetness with the hawthorn. In the hedges trees, such as the oak, the elm, and the horse chestnut, are planted, sometimes in rows, near together, but oftener far apart, so that each one rises and waves by itself over the humbler, but not less charming growth below. Single trees of a great age, and very large, are sprinkled here and there in every direction, and every now and then you catch a glimpse in the distance, of a grove, or circular clump, which adds not a little to the beauty of the landscape. President Humphrey's Tour. BOOT & SHOE MAKING. T. J. PHILLIS, Respectfully informs his friends ana ine public in general, that he carries on the above business in the frame building first door cast of McKnight's store, on Main st. where he will keep on hand a general assortment of ISools and Shoe), which he will sell on accommodating terms. From his long experience and strict attention to business, he confidently hopes to please all who may favor him with their custom, as he is delei mined hi9 work shall be done in the very best manner, and made out of the best materials. Rising Sun, March 12, 1836.

BOOT and SHOE UIAIVUFA VTORY. GEO. B. HALL respectfully informs his old friends and the public in general, that he has opened a

shop in the frame building adjoining Craft &. Son's store, where he intends to keep on hand a good assortment of BOOTS AND SHOES, Manufactured from the best materials, and by good workmen, which w ill ena ble him to warrant his work of the best quality. He invites his friends and all others who may want articles in his line, to give him a call. Ladies Prunella Shoes alwas hand. Messrs. Geering and Bassett, having declined carrying on a shop, they will hereafter work for G. B. II. Rising Sun, Jan. 30, 1836. lGtf icw & Cheap Goods. PEPPER & FRENCH, AVh lust received and are now opening, at the stand formerly oc cupied by Pepper and James, corner of Main and b root streets, a very gen eral and well selected assortment of WmT &DDID3 CONSISTING IN I'AUT OF Broad Cloths, Cassimcrcs and Cassinctts of various colors; Kentucky and Domestic Jeans; Satlincts, Circassians, Ginghams, Silks, frcstings, Gloves, Slum-Is ey Hand kerchiefs, Cambrics, Hosiery, Irish Linen a great variety of CaEicoes, Shcciinqs and Shirtings. Flaimcls, together with all other articles in the Dry Goods line. GROCERIES. They have just received a supply o Fresh Groceries, and intend keeping a good assortment and of the best qual it v the markets allord. They also have on hand and will con stanlly keep a good assortment of Hardware, Qucensware, Cutlery Glass and Tinware, Cotton l am Castinp:s,Saddlcry,Cordage, Win dow Glass, Boots and Shoes, Caps Iron, Steel, Nails, Powder, Shot Lead, Drugs and Medicines, Sec. All of which they will sell as lore, and on as good terms as can be purchased elsewhere. The public are respectful ly invited to call and examine their as sortmcnt. Rising Sun, Feb. 27, 1836. Po & lie JiillK'S, "ITir AYE just received a fresh supply JLJL of new and fashionable Goods comprising in part a splendid assort ment of Faiscy Calicoes, especial ly selected for the Fall season, which, in addition to their former stock, compn ses almost every article used in our country, either by the farmer or Jle chanic, which they will sell low for cash or approved produce. COTTON YARN, BATTING AXD CANDLE WICK, Will always be found in their establish ment, for sale either by wholesale or retail. They have also a large lot of SjftnmcJia Salt of the first quality, which they wil sell at 37 1-2 cents per bushel. Rising Sun, Sept. 26, 1 835. RISING SUN I& i I r JP actor ej. T G THE subscribers respect JL fully inform the citizens of Rising Sun, the surrounding country, and the public gene rally, that they are now carry ing on, in the shop formerly occupied by Robert Best, on Main st. next to Messrs Rodgers' brick house, the Chairmaking business, and will keep on hand and make to order, all kinds of WINDSOR, CANE, and RUSH BOTTOM Chairs, Settees, and all other kinds of work in their line. From their experience in this business, and a determination io do good work, they flatter themselves that they will receive a liberal custom. Orders from a distance will be promptly attended to. Old Chairs, Settees, &c. will be repaired on liberal terms, and at a short noficc. Country Produce, such as may be agreed upon, will be taken in payment. MA PES & ARMSTRONG. Rising Sun, Dec. 26, 1 835. Craft & Son, HAVE just replenished their store of DRY-GOODS, GROCERIES, HARDWARE, QUEENSWARE, and CUTLERY, making their assortmetcomplete, and they are now selling at unusual low prices for Cash. Rising Sun, Nov. 7, 1835.-4 Oislcrs, OF the best quality, always on hand, and for gale by BAUMAN &; RUSH. Rising Sun, Jan. 23, 1836.

VA? n GOODS. S. HATHAWAY, HAS just received from New York and Philadelphia, an extensive

variety of NEW and SEASONABLE GOODS, which'Jie offers at prices that cannot ian to give satisfaction to the purchaser consisting in part of the following articles, viz: Dill OODS. Super black, blue, mulberry, green olive and mixed broad Cloths. Blue, black, drab, light and dark stri ped Cassimeres; A complete assortment of ladies' and gentlemen s gloves Sc hosiery: A large ass't of plain and liguied silk, Marseilles, Valencia and cotton Veslings; Stocks; Plain, pink, bulf, striped, and checked Scotch and 1' rench Ginghams: French printed Muslins and Ginghams, rich patterns; Bleached and unbleached Sheeting and Shirting; Plain, corded and crossbarred White Cambrics; colored do. Cambric Muslins; jaconet, Swiss, mul plain and figured Book do. Green Barrage; Italian imitation do. Gro dc Nap, Gro de Swiss, Florence, and sarsanct Silks, Bombazenes and crape Deleria; Irish Linens; brown and bleach'd Russia Linens; Linen Cambric; Bobinet laces, Edgings, black silk Velvet, Russia diaper; Bed ticking; Silk and Cotton Umbrellas; Flannels, twisted Silpk; crape, gauz, and fancy dress Hdkfs; Flag, bandanna, Italian and pongee silk pocket Hdkfs. Also, about 200 pieces Csilicoes, comprising al most every style; British Sewing Twist on spools; Summer stuffs, Drilling, Ermenct, Summer Cloths, Sec. Straw and Leghorn Bonnets,latest fashions; Palm Hats, Fur do. Also, a fine assortment of Hardware, Crockery, Glass, China and Hollowware, Groceries. Medicines, Paints, Dye Stuffs, 570 7' GUNS, Iron, Steel, Nails, Hoes, Shovels, Spades, Strap Hinges, fcc. &c. Rising Sun, April 25, 1835.-y jmv Goons. JUST received, in addition to our former stock, a general assortment of FALL AND WINTER GOODS, consisting in part of Super blue, black, green, olive, brown, and steel mixed Broad Cloths; Brown and drab Petersham do.; Blue, black, brown, olive, steel mixed, striped and plaid Casimeres and Satinctfs; Lexington Jeans; Rose and Point B'ankets; Red,scarlct, green and twilled Flannels Do do do Canton do Blue and brown Camblet; Bombazelts and Circassians, assorted colors; Merino cloth; Black, Italian, Lutestring, and Gro de Nap. Silks; Fig'd and plain Florence, ass'd colors; Merino, Valenlia and Ctton Shawls; Dress Handkerchiefs, assorted; Linen and Cotton Diaper; Irish Linen; Bleached Jc brown Sheetings and Shirtings; Plain and figured Bobinett; Cross barred and striped Jackonet; Swiss, mull, plain and fig'd Cambrics; Thread and bobinet Laces & Edgings; A gencrul assortment of Veslings, Calicoes, Ginghams, Sec. Hats and Caps; Combs, assorted ; Ladies and gentlemen's Gloves and Hosiery ; Plain and gilt Looking Glasses; Cotton Yarn, assorted Nos. HARDWARE AND CUTLERY, and Queensware. A general assortment of COOPEK'S TOOLS. GROCERIES. Also, Iron, Nails, Castings, Window Glass, Cordage, Sec. Sec. All of which will be disposed of on our usual accommodating terms. HAINES & LAN I US. Rising Sun, Sepf. 20, 1C3G. John llklikci AVING resigned hisofliceas Judge of the Court, will practice LAW. Office on Walnut street, opposite the Methodist church. Lawrenccburgh, May, 1835. 9tf THE TIMES IS rUULISHEI) EVERY SATURDAY, In Rismg Sun, Dearborn co. Indiana. TERMS. Two Dollailrs ju r minimi, if pai in advance Two Dollars and Fifty Cents if paiil in six moiultlis; or Three Dollars at the en of the year. No suhscription will be received for less than six months. A failure to notify a discontinuance at the end of the time subscribed for, will be considered a new engagement. Nopaper discontinued until all arrearages nr ilaid, except at th option of the Editor.