Richmond Palladium (Weekly), Volume 35, Number 4, 23 March 1865 — Page 1

WAYNE COUNTY

HE PALLADIUM:

rUBLISHED THXRSDAT " MOBJflWOS, "D ' P. HOLLOW AY& B. W. DAVIS. TERMS: $2,00 A YEAR. ( , PATABLB IX ADVAXCaV, ALL KINDS. JOB PRINTING, DM ia the beat saaaaer and at fair price., v i OAe la Waraer BailaUac, aMeaaaoaat, fa. I IVJIml Time Table. ' RICHMOND POST OFFICE, Oct. 1018. MAILS CIAHtK. Cincinnati ..........a. ...... . 2.. barton Way Indiana boIla and Wn..i it... 5 00 r.M. 4 09 r.43 A.M. MAIM OPEJf. and Wear 19 Cincinnati ........... ...11 31 a.ji...11 30 a.m. ... 4 SO r.M...10 45 a.m. Dayton Vi nj ........ .... Cha afo.. . . .. . . , -.. . Columbus and Kant . Boston and Beeey Mire, leave Toeaday J"")" , .t i.... 12 i do. arrives him day. at. ...... ISO Ajf. Cni' CHr, via Arba, Bethel Ac., leave Honday Wednesday aad KrViar, at w.... 7 OS a.m. do. arr. Tuerdav, Tlwiraday and Seturday at & r.u. Wmrhmib.r via, Sew Grdea. leares Monday and F ridar. at - " - - - h (W a.m dn. arr." Tneadav and Saturday, at 5 00 r.a -jr-)rtiroun from 7-10 a. M. to 7 JO r. a. On Munday. from 9:09 to 10- a. V " i A. WILLIAXS, r. . PROFESSIONAL CARDS: i s. B. harrimanm. d. - RBSIPKJICK AHI OFFICE, No. 23 South Front Street, ( Latn reaideaoa of Dr. Kcrae?. , iv,'!, RICHMOND, IXD. Office hoars 7 to S A. and 1 to 8, and ."'.'"" to 7 P. Jiff. Bichmond, Feb. Jl, li. M-ly . Oo-Partnership Notice. -DOCTORS V. it 8. II. KERSEY, barefcrnxt JLV' a par tiler a ti id in tlut practica of Mvticwe aal rur(tTy. R.'idenr of the former Nurtu 7U atreet, aat aide, between Main and iiruadaar: of the lat ter, N. K. Comer of Market and Washineton-at. OtSca on Main atreet, South aide, between Pearl and Marion, over U. W. Barnea' and Co'a. grocery. Ottioe iKmra from 7 to A, A. M. . - I to 2 and from 6 to 7, P. M. Richmond, January lat, 1 8fl. . t-f. L. J. FRAHCISCO, M. D. Office and Residence Soata Franklia txcet, v ; (Eawt aide brtweea Main and VTalnat, ' J!y 17, 1SS4 . SOtf BICHMOKD, I.iaa OR J. (SABRETKOJf a aa uaovio ro CHA'8 PRICE'S XEW BLOCK, fio. T, North Hetreath Street. R'u Wmd, Jan. 20, 18(54. 49 U JOHN C. WHITRIDGE. .Attorney at Law & Notary, STARB II ALL BUILDING, Richmond, Indiana. C. H. BURCHENAL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, " AND USTotary I?ullic, Office, NO. T, Main SU, over Ilaiaes atore. .' - (13-tQ DENTIST, Hicliinoiid, Ind. 1 F.TTAI. ROOMS oa North Fifth Street, Went Side, aear Main. Jane 1, 18A4. I7tf SELECT POETRY: . ., Froan Moore 'a Rural Xew, Yorker. SLIDING DOWN HILL. v ar onk rBATr. A I ait lookinr ont of nr window to-dar, At too boys on the hill-aule mo baj at play, And hear their wild laui;h, and the whistle and rmg, it injcled erer with abmita as each sleil itlides along, TlM phantom of car leave nf y spirit awhile, A nd fee4 my montb-eoraera relax for a smile. There's the spirit of life, action, enerjrr, jor, v. Carriett down on each ld in the shape of a boy x J And it quicken my piiUes, a downward they glide 'Mid clamor and tussle to fret the best ride, . With sudden leap backward, fond mem'rr stands still, When I sm a child aain, riding down bill. -Hurrah I for the fellow that gets down hill Grat. Clear the track tliere, young Slow-poke, your suailtrap I'll burst. Oct nn her who want, to ; come Billt or Ed, Well go the cigars on my bully old sled !" You will ah t Look here boys !" says wide-awake Jm, "111 pass him St quick it will make his head swim. And on with banter, a shout, anj a boon J, The sido by side, whixring orer the ground. Vme bnmp nn a fence-rail laid square on the track, Br sly little "Slow-poke," just on bis way back. "Lop& oat liere young- Bun, or we'll Un your sboeleather." . . ' And orer they tangle like (Jill-worms together:Forgetting tUe hauler they lad with each other, tto aagerly chasing up bill fur another. An-I so they aeein willinur to spend the-whule day, , With seal unabated, and apinta aa ga, - ' Onl one or two timid ones coming to grief, 00 h rue with theft"- of ready relief io home to escae the rude tauuta of the stronger. Whose finirer and toes ran bear the cold longer. 1 wonder if night, with its still hours so bieatr Will not tiial titem weary, and willing to rest ? H may bo, yet dxubtlesa they'll "say it's too tad to; t For boys twrer went Id bed 'till they had to. Wall Hots, alkie away in your unconscious gtadneaa lit not chill rour joy with my rision of sadness, Bat tear j ran atiTi striring to" fill t tha trion, The gold-cup of happiness ere it grow dim. A. 1 turn from tba win low to face life again, . 1 still Ss the bor in each effort of men. There's aa much noise an I banter, and straggle each day:- - . There's tha raee started fair and eVe rait in tie wag ; Then the tuaiUa tr ither nf fnenl, foe, and brother, The long pull up hiii ia fond hope, of aaaW. There's l'i tin. id and weak, early weary of strife, ' Turning tearful awar from "firat lessons" of life. There's the same reckless aetl till the day Is full past ; Ana looiiso retaroanc to mn n at laaa. O I children oi men, why not pause ia oar plae, Kre the sua baa gooa down on oar life'a winter dar ' Kre the vigor and pride of our spirit ia wasted. In striving for (hat which brtairs fever when tasted t ' for KartU'a fairaat bopea disappear when w clasp , Laka apptaa oi rulua dui auat m taa grasp. : Quaker eity," lad. : It U the loiulencv of tbe measles an J BCoUling women to breakout. . ExTKJtsivK preparations are makiDsr at Beaufort for making that place a depot . for oneratine 10 the state of orth Caro"liaa, and also with a rlew to the raj.4d . movement of Sherman a army north ward when " Charleston and Savannah ' shall be do loasrer of value aa a basis of

supplies for hia forces.

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VOL,. XXX r i ot A NEW ATMOSPHERE. Gad Iltttn'dton 'on the Relation of the Seiet. WOMEf DBITSX TO MAKRT. .When you make marriage indispensa ble, yon institute an indiscriminate scramble. Since m theory every girl must marry, and there are few to choose from, she must take such as she can get, and be thankful. She would like this, that or the other quality, but it will not do to dally. The chance or a better husband is very remote; numbers are worse off than she is, inasmuch as they have none at all; the contingency of going unsvipnlbed is not to be thought of, aud accordingly 6he takes up with what comes to hand. The few who are endowed with unusual charms of mind or person may exercise a limited choice, but the common ran of girls must make a common run of it. If one who is so , attractive as to have many admirers remains long unmarried, she is abundantly admonished of her danger. She is duly informed that she will one day grow old, and will certainly not always have such opportunities as she now enjoys. Her attractiveness is her stock in trade, which 6he must invest while the market is brisk. . Great will be her loss if she does not. If without special attractions, a girl" position is still more embarrassing. Dependent in her father's house, with no career open to her, no arena for her action, what is to become of her. Anything is better than a dependence which, her own heart tells her, is not long . grateful to her father. lie may not be unkind or miserly, toward her ; he may not and he may, for such things are done taunt her with her want of success in making a match ; he may even be generous and chivalric towards her ; but she is conscious that he is disappointed. He may not acknowledge it even to himself, but she knows that she is not fulfilling his wishes, not meeting his ideal. Her support is somewhat a burden, her enforced presence somewhat a shame. He rejoiced in her infanc', childhood and 3-outb, but he did not expect to have her on his hands all her life. He would gladly spend twice as much on her dowry as he gives for her allowance She has a sense of all this, aud rather than remain in this state of pupilage, a woman in character, a child in position, she marries the first man that holds out the golden specter I mean scepter, but perhaps the first will do just as welL PATHKRS AND DilOIITEUS. Every man wno tias daughters is either able to support them or he is not. If he is, lie ougnt to do it in a way caai snail make them feel as little trammelled as possible. He should so treat them from first to last, that they shall feel mat they are dear and pleasant to him, his delight and ornament, bo far from wishing to be rid of them, he finds his balm and solace and zest of life in their society, their interests, and their ministrations. While he coutetnplatea the contingency of their marriage, and makes what preparations such contingency may require, it should be well understood that he contemplates it only as a contingency ; and that all his wishes and hopes will be best met by their happiness, whether it is to be promoted by a life away from him . or with him. If they are so deficient in amiability, capability, or adaptability that his home cannot be comfortable with them in it that, so far from being a reason why he should be eager to part with them, is the strongest reason why he should earnestly endeavor to keep them with him. Almost without fail their faults lie at his dour: and it is lust and right that, if any home is to be made ' miserable by them, it should l-e the one that has made them mUerite. On the other hand, if the- wish to go from his roof to follow paths of their own, be ought to aid and encourage them as far a9 lies in his power. It matters not that he is able and willing to supply their every want- He is not able, if they have immortal wants which the parental heart and purse cannot satisfy want of vitv, want of a plan, want of some work which 6hall engage their young and eager energies. However liberal, kind, and fond he may be, in their father's house their position must be subordinate. and it may well happen that they shall wish to taste the sweets of an independent, self helping self-directing life. The , wish to feel their own hands at the helm; the wish to know what responsibility and foresight and planning mean.. They are drawn by a strong, inexplicable attrac tion in certain directions ; and as he values not only their happiness, but their salvation their love for him, health of bod3' and mind he shall give them ample room and verge enough. He shall not abate one jot or tittle 01 fatherly affection. He shall not attempt to persuade them from their inclination till he finds persuasion of no avail, and then in a fit or angry petulance bid them go, and leave them to their own destruc tion. He shall give them such aid as can be made available. He shall, above all. show them that his arms are always open to them, if through weakness or weariness they faint by the way. , If a father is not able to support his daughters in a manner compatible with comfort and refinement, he should see to it that they have some way opened in which thev can do it, or help do it, for themselres, in a manner consistent with their dignity and self respect. It is very rarely that a human being is born without possible power in some one direction. That field which is traversable to women is much more circumscribed thau that which is traversed by men, yet I have somewhere read a statement that the number of employments in which women of the United States are actually engaged is, I think, greater than, five hundred. If this is so. or anything nearly so, men surely have no need, to "marry off their "daughters as an economical measure." Out of fire hundred occupations, a woman can certainly choose one which, though not perhaps

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JUST AND FEAR NOT! LET ALL THE

UK HMO IK WAYjE CO., IXD., :

that which enlists her enthusiasm, is yet better than the debasement of herself which an indifferent marriage necessitates. It is better to be not wholly wellplaced than to be wholly ill-placed-C0MPAEAT1VK WAGES OF MXST ASt WOXES. One great obstacle in . the way of woman's attaining strength is her lack of perseverance. Of the many pursuits possible to women, few are embraced to any great extent, because girls are 6aid to be, and probably are, unwilling to bestow upon a trade or a profession the study and thought necessary to insure skill. . But-wbis is a result as well as a cause, and must be removed by the removal of the cause. Promotions and political preferment shine before a man as a reward for whatever eminence of character or intelligence he may attain. His business is a separate department, and dispenses its separate reward. " The first of these is entirely, and the second partially wanting to women. A female assistant in a high school, a woman of education, refinement, accomplishment, tact and sense, receives six hundred dollars, and if she stays six hundred years she will receive no more. A male assistant, fresh from a normal school, thoroughly unseasoued.without elegance of manners or dignity of presence, or experience, teaching only temporarily, with a view to the pulpit, or the bar, or a professorship, receives a thousand dollars. His thousand is because he is a man. Her six hundred is because she is a woman. Her little finger may be worth more than his. whole body, but that goes for nothing. In a certain "college," I wot of, the "professors" have a larger salary than the preceptresses" ; who perform double the amount ot la bor, and without any hope or promotion. Female assistants in a grammar school receive three or four hundred dollars where the male principal has ten or twelve hundred, and , where the difference of salary bears no proportion to the difference of care and labor. No matter how asidnously they may devote themselves to their duties, nor how successful they may be in results, they have attained the maximum. Worse than this, since the increase of prices consequent upon the war, teachers' salaries have been increased: but where two hundred dollars have been added to those of the male principal, only twentyfive have been added to those of the female assistants ; so that the man's salary is sixteen per cent, higher. This is done in Massachusetts. One excuse is that it does not cost a woman so much to live as it costs a man. If men would be willing to practice the small economies that women practice, they could live at no greater expense. There are some things in which women have the advantage; there are others in which it lies with the roan. A woman's calico gown does not cost so much as a man's broadcloth coat, but her dress, the wardrobe through, costs just as much as his. He can be decent on just as small a sura as she. Another excuse is that men have l a family to support. I suppose, then, that women never have families to support. 2o female teacher ever has a widowed mother or an invalid father to assist, or brothers and sisters to educate. No widow ever had recourse to the school-room to provide bread for her fatherless children. Or if such things ever happen, the authorities make adequate provision for it. A WOMAN S CHOICE. There is not one woman in a million who would not be married, if I borrow j a phrase from the popular, pestilent patois, but I transfigure it with its highest meaning if she could get a chance. How do I know ? Just as I know that the stars are now shining in the sky, tho' it is high noon. I never saw a star at mid-day, but I know it is the nature of stars to shine in the sky, and of the sky to hold its stars. Genius or fool, neh or poor, beauty or the -beast, if marriage were what it should be, what God meant it to be, what even with the world's present possibilities it might be, it would be the Elvsium, the sole coraph?te Elysium, of woman, yes, and of j man. Greatness, glory, usefulness, hapj pine?s, await her everywhere; but here alone all her powers, all her being can ! find full play. No condition, no charac- ! ter even, can quite hide the gleam of the j sacred fire, but on the household hearth I it joins the warmth of earth to the hues j of heaven. Brilliant, dazzling, vivid, a I beacon and a blessing, her light ma3" be, j but onlj' a happ3' home blends the pris matic ra3"s into a soit serene wmieaess, that floods the world with divine illumination. Without wifely and motherly love, a part of her nature must remain sealed ; but a thousand times better that it should remain unclosed than that it should -be rudely rent open, or opened onty- to be defiled. A thousand times better that the vestal fire . should burn forever on the inner shrine than that it should be brought ont to boil the pot. But the pot must boil, yon say, and so it must; but with oak-wood and shavings, not with beaten olive oiL . ' WIVES ASD COOKS. Cooking - is the cook's profession ; she ought to attain skill, and her employer has a right to require it, and as great a variety and profusion of dishes as he can furnish material for. But if he is not able to hire a cook, and must depend entirely upon his wife, the case is different. Cooking is not her profession. - It is only one of the duties incident to her station. It is incumbent upon her to spread a plentiful and wholesome table. It is culpable inefficiency to do less than this. It is palpable . immorality to do more. No matter how fond of cooking, or how skillful or alert a woman may be, she has only twenty-four hours In her day, and two hands for her work ; and one woman who has the sole care of ' a family ; cannot, if she has any rational and Christian idea of life, of personal, household, and social duties, have any more time and strength than is sufficient

ENDS THOU AIM ST AT, BE THY

for their simple discharger-Over doing in one direction mnst be compensated by under-doing in another. She cannot pamper Peter without pinciing PaulMuch that you land as a vrtue I lament as a vice. Von revel in the takes and the pastries and dainties, and bast the skill of the housewife; and indeecher marvels are featly wrought, sweet t the taste, and to be desired if honestir come by; but if there has been plundeiand extortion, if it is a soul that flkes, in the pastry, if it is a heart that is?mbrowned in the gravies, if leisure an freshness and breadth of S3'mpathy ad keen enjoyment have been frittered iway on the fritters, and simmered awa' 01 the sweetmeats, and battered away in th puddings, give me, I pray you, a dinnc of herbs. Johnny cake was rov'al fare a Walden woods . when a king prepared the banquet and presided at the bard. Peacocks, tongues are but comma meat to peacocks. t The pate de foie ffras is a nonstrous dish : A goose is kept in somerarm confined place that precludes anyextended motion, and fed with fatteni food, so that his liver enlarges throug disease till it is considered fit to be mde into a pie, a luxury to epicures, bnla horror to any healthful person. J iBt such a goose is many a woman, cosfked by custom and her consenting will in. warm, narrow kitchen, only instead of hr liver it is her life which she herself nues up into pies ; but the pastry which ju find so delicious seems to me disease The ancients buried in urns the ashes their bodies: we deposit in urns the aes of our souls, and pass them around it the tea table. WIVSS THAT ARE STRANGERS. Husbands do not talk with their wes. If a neighbor is married, they telijf it If a battle ia fought, or a village birned down, they communicate the fac'; bit for any interchange of thought or rntinent or emotion, far any convcrsatin tfcat is invigorating, inspiring, that causes a thrill or leaves a glow, how ten does such a thing occur between husand and wife? What intellectual meetinis there, what shock of electrisities ?When a j definite domestic question is be de- j cided, the wife s judgement na' be sought, and that is better than solita stumbling on, regardless of Ir views or feelings ; but this sort of bad and butter discussion of ways and eans is not the gentle, animated play otonversation, not that pleasant spark which enlivens the hours, that trustf confidence which lightens the hes, that wielding of weapons which strgthens the arm, that sweet, instinctive, lf-nn-veiling which increases respt and deepens love and fills the heart wi inexpressible tenderness. Yet theiis nobody in the world with whomt is so important for a man to be innateH' acquainted as his own wife, whi such intimate acquaintance is the erption rather that the rule. Every o sees them going on each day in his ovpath, each with his own inner world topin1 10ns and nopes and memories,ne in ! name, miserably two in all "els Men i often have too much confidence their j measuring lines. The fancj" tbhave ! fathomed a soul's depths when thhave ! but sounded its shallows. The.hink the3' have circumnavigated thjlobe when they have only paddled in ;ave. The' trim their sails for othseas, leaving the priceless gems of thown undiscovered. To many a man no yage of exploration would bring sucrich returns as a persevering and affecnate search into the resources of tbeeart which he calls his own. Many an.anv a man would be amazed at learniithat in the tame household drudge, t the f meek, timid, apologetic recipient his j caprices, in the worn and rretiui mid, in the common-place, insipid dostic weakling, he scorns an angel unares. Many a wife is wearied and negted into moral shabbiness, who, righ entreated, would have walked sis'and wife of the gods. Human nature certain directions is as infinite as the ,'ine nature, and when a man turns awarom his wife, under the impression t he has exhausted her capabilities, anust seek elesewhere the sympathy. anompanionship he craves or go witit it altogether, let him reflect that the cices are at least even that he has but eausted himself, and that the soiliich seems to him fallow might in other uds or with a wiser culture j-ield mor4enteous harvest. ' ' WHI MKJT MARRY. " 3Ien do not marry for the purpe of making women happy, but to makeeraselves happy. A girl looks forwi in her marriage to what she will do fher husband's happiness. A man, to-hat he will enjoy through his wife's mirt rations. "He needs a wife," say theood women who were born and bred in ese opinions and do not suspect their pssness. "It is a grand good match ; I )n't know anybody that needs a. wife ore than he," said one of these at a ttle f gauieruig, speaking oi a recent, mange. Why ?" innocently questioned anuer woman, who was supposed to have saewhat peculiar views concerning ese things. "O, you never want anybc to marry!" burst oat a chorus of vois which was surely a very broad infence from one narrow monosyllable. 3ut why does he need a wife T' presistethe questioner. For sympathy and mpanionship," triumphantly repliedhe first woman, knowing that to suchiotives her interlocutor could take nxceptions. But a third woman, not k wing that any thing lay behind tse questions and answers, and feelingiat the original position was bat feebly nntained by such unsubstantial thingas sympathy and companionship, beingso a near neighbor of the person in qaes n, and acq train ted with the facts, proceed to strengthen the case by adding, "Hi, a i an wa -X a

ne was an aione, ana ne v n i Tery iaai iconld escape scrutiny and expound he was taken aick one nighUd , sure. Recently fraud was detected in couldn't get anrbody to take care of hi" the ptage of a bill relating to Cook "But why not hire a nurse T Welle counr bonds, evidently designed to did, and she was very good; but te . give e publican official 825,(Xh) which

GOD'S, THY COUNTRY'S AND TRUTH'S

MARCH -53, 1865 wouldn't do his washing." Only wait long enough, and you are tolerably sure to get the truth at last. It was not sympathy and companionship, after all, that the man wanted: it was his washing ! SOitK UEKIEXT MISGIVINGS. " ' Everv- da- occurrences reveal in men traits of disinterestedness, vonsideration. all Christian virtues and graces : My heart misgives me when I think of it all their loving kindness, their forbearance, their unstinted service, their integrity" : and of the not sufficiently unfrequent instances in which women, by fretfulness, foil7 or selfishness, irritate and alienate the noble heart which the' ought to prize above rubies. I have not hitherto made a single irrelevant remark, and I will therefore indulge in the luxurjr of one now. It is this : Considering how few good husbands there are in the world, and how many good women there are who would have been to them a crown of glorj- and a royal diadem, had the corronation but been effected, but who, instead, are losing all their pure gems down the dark, unfathomed caves of some bad man's heart considering this, I account that woman to whom has been i allotted a good husband, and who can do j no better than spoil him and his happi ness oy nor own misoenavior, guilty, 11 not of the unpardonable sin, at least of unpardonable stupidity. If it were rele vant, I couldJeasily make ou a long list of charges against women, and of excellencies to be set down to the credit of men. But women have been stoned to death, or at least to come, with charges already ; and when vou would extricate a wagon from a slough, 3-ou put your shoulder first, and heaviest to the wheel that is deapest in the mud especial if the other wheel would hardly be in at all, unless this one had pulled it in ! I can understand and have great consideration towards those men who, gentle, faithful and true themselves, possiu' dishearted by long companionship with a capricious, tyrannical woman, should fail to acquiesce with any heartiness in the truth of the views which I have advanced. Their experience is of long-suffering nien and long-aftlicting women, and they can hardl' be expected to entertain with enthusiasm a statement which has perhaps no bearing upon their position. Still, when facts, the argument is alway-s on the side of the heaviest battalions. It is the rule that generalizes, exceptions only modify. THE DIFFERENCE. The difference between the Republican party and the Democratic party in j the treatment of public frauds is some what striking. v hen the Republican party accidentally elevates a scoundrel to office and he perpetrates a fraud upon the people, the party expose and denounce him they depose him from office if he be within their reach, and make him refund his ill-gotten gains if possible. Moreover the' adopt all lawful means to restore and promote a health public sentiment on the subject of raorality in official station. They never unite j with a portion ot their political opponents to pass a swindling bill under the j pretense of casting odium upon their ad- j S versaries at the expense of the people 1 iwho are injured enormously b' the ope-! 1 ration. On the other hand wheaever a ! j Democratic office holder is found with i his handa in the public treasury, (which 1 is a very frequent occurrence,) the parity by an instinctive sympathy, plant themselves squarely in the way of an investigation ; they swear unanimously f that he is a virtuous and persecuted in'dividual ; they strive in all possible ways to keep the stolen property and shield the culprit. Who ever heard of a Democratic Legislature or Congress ordering ! an investigation into frauds perpetrated j by a Democratic officer ? No sncb mirai cle was ever witnessed since the discovery of America. We will cite a few instances in support of these statements. Shortly af- ' ter Mr. Lincoln's Presidential term comsmenced, it was alleged that the War De- , partment was becoming corrupt. It wa.s alleged among other things that a large j lumber of questionable gun contracts . vere out that these contracts had been i nade by the Secretary direct, and withj cut the intervention of the Bureau . of I Ordnance, as required by law. We 1 know that some of these allegations were tne. We know that Secretary CainerI oTs resignation was accepted very soon 1 ater these charges were made, and that i ne contracts in question were sent to a Commission, consisting of two eminent ! ciizens and an ordnance officer, who rej qcred the parties holding them to setj thwith the Government on equitable terns, adoui tiie same Time it. was ascetainedhata gang of s-soundrels had gihered about Gen. Fremont at St. Lais. A Republican Congress immediate ordered an investigation into the afiirs of that department and pursued . f , t . : . : i we wiwm,. a i;uuiiui&&iuii similar toie one' appointed ongwn contracts j fai: of the Department in such manner i as save the Government from loss. I Instigations into the Government ( tra.jMrt service, into army contracts, j punase of vessels for tho. navy -purcha. or naval supplies, the printing of treary notes, trade with the rebel : W . . v , . ' , , . j out, uki artery couctivsoie wing upt on nich a charge of improper conduct con I te raised, nave been ordered by one tne other house or Congress (Re pubkn in both branches,) and dili gent prosecuted, civil commissions, utility commissions, army courts mari tial al navy courts martial have abound - eiirevery quarter. The Republican 'partjhas not only sustained, but demand the fullest inquiry into every 1legedpeculation and breach of trust on the pi of its public functionaries, and no peon has been, so hiarh in Doaitkxn - .

Whole nmber,i belonged to the suldiers relief fund. It was discovered and denounced br Ttepnblrcans. The Kepubiean Board of Supervisor of Cook county at once de termined to checkmate the parties who concocted the plan. The result it known. The County- Treasurer has engaged to perform the duties required of him without commissions. A swindling horse railway bill was recently passed by the vots of forty-one Democrats and ikirtyheo Republicans, after having been vetoed by a Republican Governor. We have seen but two Republican journals in the State that pretend to excuse or apologize for this outrage, and it may bo safely affirmed that not two in every hundred Republicans in the State sustain it. We have not seen one Democratic journal that regards the Chicago railway bill as anything but a capital joke. Both the Democratic journals here were warmly in favor of its passage. -: : Let us look for a moment at tho behavior of the Democratic party toward its own speculators. During the latter half of the last Democratic Administration, charges of fraud were preferred against one -John B. Flovd. Secre tary of War. Does any one remember the Fort Snelling swindler or the abstraction of- the Indian Trust Fund bonds ? or the public printing frauds of Mr. Buchanan's Administration? The treason hatched in j the-.: Cabinet of that Old Public Functionary was so hideous that most people have forgotten the stealing that kept pacewith it. Yet it is a recorded fact that the Democratic party in Congress resisted all investi gation into those frauds to the bitter end. They put ever- possible otstacle in the way. - They never admitted that a single improper transaction had been committed until one half of Mr. Buchanan's cabinet took up arms against the Government A few 3'ears ago a Democratic Governor of "Illinois defrauded the State of a quarter of a million dollars. The proof against him was as clear as A, B, C. Yet this party stood by him and defended him to the last, and a Democratic grand jury finally ignored the bill of indictment against him and gave him a clean bill of health for his travels in Europe. Tho penitentiary swindle is too fresh in the public mind to require extended comment. That every Democrat in the Legislature voted to perpetuate the fraud, and to continue the penitentiary lease in the hands of men constitutionally incapable of holding it, is well known. We might pursue the contrast between the two parties in the legislation and government of other Slates, Bhowing how the Democrats, in Ohio, for instance, fought against any investigation of the Breslin fraud how the Republicans in Wisconsin did investigate and expose the transactions of their Governor Basli--ford and his Legislature, etc., etc., .The rule holds good, without an exception, so far as we know, that the Democratic party never punish their own kuaves,' and never make restitution of stolen goods, while the Republican party send their culprits to the gibbet as fast as they can be detected. Chicago Dailu Tribune The Origin of the Locomotive. In the matter of priority of invention jn, or rather of attempts at, land propul-. sion by steam, the French may well claim to be our devanciert, and we do not think that -any true Englishman will be inclined to grudge them this honor. The first steam carriage seems to have been made by a Frenchman, Cugnot, in 1760, that same marvellous year which witnessed the birth of Napoleon I., Well-: ingion, iiumtxudt, JJleheme, Ali, Lord Castlereagh, Sir E. I. Brunei, Cuvier, first patent of, Watt, as also some other events almost as great in their eventual and tne nrst patent of nnfpnt nf Arlrweiorlif l.i mnnence on the present era. An engine mane uj vuguoi is sua in existence m the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers at Paris. It has a copper boiler, very much like a common kettle without th j handle and spout, furnishing with steam a pair of J3-in. single-acting cylinders. ; The engine propels a single driving wheel, which is roughened on its penpnery. Altogether, tins engine bears considerable testimony to the mechani cal genius of its inventor. It was unsuccessful, having got overturned once or twice on the very bad roads, then existing in France, and it was put on one side. It is stated, however, that arrangements were made, in 1801, to put it to workiitthe presence of Napoleon n,Bonapati;" Tho departure, however, of "Napoleon" for EynrrV prevented the trial a 'circumstance which recalls Fulton's subsequent unsuccessful negotiations A with Napoleon for aid in attempting marine propulsion by steam. Watt, then, in 1774, patented a locomotive engine,, the boiler of which was to be "of woexf," hooped like a beer barrel. Watt, how: ever, had not much faith in steam carriages, and he objected to the attempts made in this direction, fa 1784,' by William Murdoch, his very able' assistant. The minature engine made by Murdoch in that year is still carefully preserved at. Soho. - Careful and elaborate researches, such as those lately made by Mr. Zerah Colburn, into the history of the locomotive, seem to more and more confirm existing impressions as to the great part done by Trerethick in the introduction of the locomotive engine. Builder, ...... i - " . ; . ,. Not long since a married couple in Farmington, Van Buren county, Iowa, early one morning, found a cow and a calf in their lot; the cow hadjt collar on with a note attached, saying the cow should be taken care of till called for. Some nights afterwards", a basket was found at their door containing; an infant, about a week old, and a note says the baby was the owner of the cow. The Bloomfield Guard i responsible forth VbOVe.'.:j- ' " ." ; -,'.1 w:,. It is said that the severa aroathae af the present winter has filled neau-lv all

the peach bad in New England.

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Secretary MoCulloch'a Speech. The principal officers of the Treasury Department waited in a body recently upon the Hon. Hugh McCulloch, to congratulate him upon his succession to the Secretaryship. "After W exchange of friendly greeting Mr. MvCullo-ch made the following remarks ; ' " ; t-; yGentlemen, It is perhaps well known to -ou that the position I hold aa Secretary of the Treasury was unsolicited and undesired by me. I have been gratified by the unexpected indorsement I have received from the people' and the press, and I am profoundly grateful to the President for the honor he has conferred upon me. in making me his finan cial minister. But I can honestly aay, appreciating as I do the responsibilities of the position, and I enter upon tho discharge of, my new duties with unfeigned reluctance. I desire to stand well with. xny. countrymen, and am aa anxious as an- one can be to merit their esteem. But 1 have no ambition .or place. .The Secretaryship of the Treasury in iUelf has no charms for me. 1 have uo desire to dispense its patronage. nor am 1 in the slightest degree elated by its honors, I have accepted this responsible position, because there seemed to be a strong desire of the public that should do o, and because it was ten dered to me without pledges and without conditions. I have accepted it as an independent man, desiring only to maintain and strengthen the public credit, and todo my duty to the nation. And although conscious of my inability to meet the public expectations, "and fulty aware of the difficulties to be surmounted, I am not without strong hopes of success in the great work that is before me.' I have confidence in our national resources, and in the steady, unwaverinir deteimination of the loyal people of the country, irrespective of party, to preserve the Union and maiutain the public faith. I have confidence that tho people will cheerfully furnish the money re quired to bring the war to a successful conclusion, and that they will bo able to bear any burthens that have been or may be created in tho great contest which the afI rr Arn w i" I a vvn !n . v-v (( . . ...... crvation. My hopes of a successful ad ministration of the affairs of this department, are also strengthened by the consideration that I am to have the hearty and efficient support of the up right and able men around me. ' if I hate not been misinformed, I am the third man who has been elevated from a subordinate position in the Treasury Department to te the head of it. ; It had so happened that as a banker, as a Comptroller of the Currency, I have been better known to the public than the heads of the other bureaus, and I was therefore preferred for this high place to men of atleast equal ability, if not equal financial experience. Instead, therefore, of there being an- jealousy on your part, the fact that I have been the head of a bureau, will, I doubt not, aecure for me a more hearty and generous support than you have ever given to my distinguished predecessors, whose well earned and esl tablished reputations made this support less necessary to them than it will be to me. My chief aim will be, of course, to provide mean to discharge claims upon the Treasury at the earliest day practicably and to institute measures to bring the business of the country gradually back to the specie basis, a departure from which, although for the time being a necessity, is no less damaging and demoralizing to the people than expensive to the Government But while these will be the main objects with roe, I shall not be unmindful of the importance of having the current business of the Department conducted with fidelity, and dls. patch. In all this you will give me efficient aid. You will not permit it to be truthfully said that under the administration of one who has been of your own number, the public credit suffered for want of ability on the part of the Chief of the Department or efficiency in tbe bureau. You will I feel assured, enlighten me by your wisdom and knowledge, and strengthen me by increased attention to your respective "duties. No effort shall be wanting on my part I am sure that none will be wanting on your to make the relations between us har monious and cordial, and to infuse new life into the business of the Department. If .our efforts in this direction are sue -cessful, the lest results wilt follow to ourselves and the ry. Commissioner Lewis on behalf 'of the Treasury officers, tendered, their, cordial congratulations, in an appropriate address, sa-ing in conclusioi : .. Your success will deaere the gratitude of the nation and the applause of history. If we can in our limted spheres do anything to promote it re shall do it cheerfully and with all i tell igent guidance to labor in season aid ont of season for the honor of the Tresury and the welfare of the country. . is men we can do no more. As servaotrof the people we ought to do no less. .,, ,, . XirAn Englishman ha heard of the Yankees, habit ' for braging, s mnd he thought he would cat the ;o nib of that propensity. He saw som.hnge watermelons on a market-womaa stand, and walking up to her, and Doitincr to thm with a look of disappoiimeat, jd What! don't you raise Igger app!L than these in America ?" The woman looked at him one moment ad retorted : "Applies! anybody migfct know you were an Eoelialu11- Them's huckle berries , ?.-y..-r-.'.",f .-' ' - Gov. Iw of -California, ha by far th' rswr salary of any of our Stat Governor.- 5 He '-ha T.OOO a year in gold., - fJlj ' Th ere is one lrckr editor. HI S. Heath, fofmely editor of t&e Jleaasha, ( Wis. ) Coneerralor. went to Oil Creek, Pa , Stnick

oil, and is now worth tlOO.000.

Mo