Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 92, Number 241, 10 October 1922 — Page 2

PAGE 1W0

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, RICHMOND, IND., TUESDAY, OCT. 10, 1922.

Kaiser Tried to Change School

tNeW Ideas of Serving Country

BY WILHELM HOHENZOLLERN As -was natural; I had close and lasting relations in the regular course of events with the Minister of Public Worship and" instruction. Herr von Gossler and Herr von Trott may sure

ly be considered the most lmportan' and prominent occupants of this post. In thi3 ministry a co-worker almost without equal arose in the person of Ministry ,lMrector Althoff, a man of genius. ; , I had been made acquainted with the dark sido of the high school system of education by my own school experiences-The predominantly philological character of the training led. in the whole educational system' as well, to a. certain one-sidedness. When I. was at the Cassel high

Echool in .1874-1877 I had observed

that, although" there was great enthusiasm for 1S70-1S71 and the new em

pire among the boys, there was, never

theless, a. distinct lack of the right

conception oLthe German idea, of the

feeling "clvis Gormanus sum" (I am a German citizen) which I Impressed later upon. -my .people at the laying of

the foundation-stone of the Saalburg. ;To create such sentiments and awak

en them in the rising generation and

to lay the foundations for them firmly In the young hearts was a task somewhat beyond th powers of the teaching staff, ' in-view of the fossilized,

lantiauated philological curriculum.

There waa .great neglect in the department of German., history, which is

! exactly the '. Stndv through which

ivoung hearts may be made to glow

! through, which the love of one's native country, its future and greatness,

may be aroused. But little was taught of more recent history, covering the ; years since 1815. Young philologists

I were produced, but no German cm

'jzens qualified for practical co-opera

tion toward building up the riounsn-

' ing young empire.

In other words, no youths who were i consciously Germans were being turn-

' ed out. In a small reading club com

! posed of my classmates I often tried

to Inculcate the idea of the Greater Germany, in order to eliminate paroch

ial and similar conceptions wnicn hampered the German idea. Admiral Warner's "Book of the German Fleet" wa3 one of the few-works by means

of which the living feeling for the German Empire could be fanned into

flame; - New Goal of German Youth

Another thing that struck me, In addition to the one-sidednc-ss of the

education in the schools, was the tend-

ency among youths planning their careers in those days to turn their attention to becoming government officials, and always to consider the profession of lawyer or judge the most worthy goal. This was doubtless due to the fact that? the conditions obtaining in the Prussia of olden days still had their effect: in the youthful German ' Empire.As long as the state consisted, no to speak, of government and ad

ministration, this tendency among German youths in the shaping of their lives was understandable and justified; since we were living in a country of officials, the right road for a

young man to select was the service of the state. British youths of that time, self-reliant and made robust by sports, were already . talking, to be sure, of colonial conquests, of expeditions to explore new regions of the earth, of extending British commerce; and they were trying, in the guise of pioneers of their country, to make Great Britain still stronger and greater, by practical, free action, not as paid hirelings of the state. But England had long been a world empire 'when we were still a land of officials; therefore, the youth of Britain could seek more remote and important goals than the German.

Now that Germany had entered into

world economies and world politics, however, as a by no means negligible

factor, the aspirations of German youth should have undergone a more

prompt transformation. For this rea

son it was that I, during the later

years of my reign, used to compare.

with a heavy. heart, the proud young

Britons, who had learned much less

LKttin and Greek than was required

among us. with the children of Ger

many, pale from toverstudy. To be

sure, there were even then enterpris

ing men in Germaary brilliant names

can be cited among: them but the conception of serving the Fatherland, not

by traveling along a definite, officially certified road, but by independent

competition, had not yet become sufficiently generalized. , Therefore, I held

up the English as an example, for it seems to me better to take the good where one finds it, -without prejudice,

than to go through the -world wearing blinders.

With these considerations as a ba

sis I won for my German youths the

School Reform against desperate op

position from the philologists, inside and outside the ministry and school circles. Unfortunately, the reform did not take the shape which I had hoped,

and did not lead to the results which

I had expected.

The "Germanic- Idea" The Germanic Idea in all its splen

dor was first revealed and preached

to the astonished German people by

Chamberlain in his "Foundations of

the Nineteenth Century' But, as Is

proved by the collapse oi the German people, this was in vain. To be sure, there was much singing of "Deutschland uber alles," but Germans, obey

ing the commands of their enemies, allowed the Emperor to -fall and the empire to be broken to pieces; and,

placing themselves under the orders

of Russian criminals vastly inferior to

them in culture, they stabbed their own army in the back while it was fighting valiantly. ' Had Germans of all classes and conditions been educated to fieel joy and pride in their Fatherland, such a degradation of a great nation would have been unimaginable. This degradation which, it must be admitted, occurred under remarkable, extremely difficult, circumstances is all the more difficult to understand in view of the fact that the youth of Germany, although it was impaired in health by overstudy and not so toughened by sports as the " English, achieved brilliant feats In the World war, such as were nowhere equaled before. ' The years 1914-1918 showed what might have been made out of the German people had it only developed its admirable' qualities in the right direc

tion. The 4th . of August, 1914 the

heroes of Langemark, countless splendid figures from all classes, rise up from the chao3 of the long war to show what the German can do when he throws away Philistinism and de

votes himself, with the enthusiasm

which so seldom reveals itself corn-

plenty in him, to a great cause. May

the German people never forget these

incarnations of it3 better self; may it emulate them with its full strength by inculcating in itself the true German spirit. In the post of Minister of Justice I found his ..Excellency Friedberg, th9 intimate, faithful friend of my father, whom I had known ever since my youth, when he was a. welcome guest in the home of my parents. This simple, affable man enjoyed with me the

same considerations which had been

shown him by my parents. ' In later years I. had. frequent and welcome dealings with his Excellency Beseler. who also enabled me to hear

informal discussion at his home or many an interesting legal problem by prominent lawyers, and to come into touch with legal luminaries. I felt

no particular inclination toward the

lawyers in themselves since ped

antry, remoteness from actualities and

doctrinaire leanings . often ' assert themselves in the domain of the, law

altogether too much for my taste

but the compilation of the Citizens

Law Book interested me greatly.

was present at sessions dealing with

it, and was proud that this fundamen

tal German work should have been

brought to completion in my reign.

When I met the Lord Chief Justice of England, while I was on a visit to

that country, at the home of Lord Hal-

dane, I asked that great jurist what he

thought of the administration and in

terpretation of the law in . Germany

His answer ran thus: "You pronounce

judgment too much according to the letter ot the law; we according to the

spirit and content of the law. Legal Reforms Needed

I have often pointed out how unfor

tunate it was that we have not been

able to introduce, in 'police cases connected with traffic, . streets, etc the prompt procedure of the English

"police court." For, in England, pun

ishment in such cases is meted out on

the very next day, whereas in Ger

many months often elapse, what with gathering of evidence and examination

of witnesses, until, finally, some in

significant sentence is pronounced long

after the case has been forgotten,

should also have liked to introduce

into Germany the heavy penalties for libels published in the press which are

customary in England. I had worked for a while, when

was still a Prince, with Minister of

Finance Scholz, and had taken part " in sessions wherin that famous man, His

Excellency Meinecke, figured. Mein-

ecke was Under Secretary of State

in the Finance Ministry and had, there

fore, much to do with other ministries.

since finances were an important

thing everywhere. He had achieved

a certain degree of fame because he-

as he. thought was always able smil

ingly to find his the best way out of

tight places.

Scholz was faithful to his duty and

able, but he did not succeed in making

the dry substance of taxes and the

like particularly Interesting and pleas

ant to me, nor was there any change

in this state of affairs until the ver

satile Miquel took charge of the Fin

ance Ministry. When Miquel reported

to me concerning the Prussian financial reform, one modest, one medium, one ambitious. To the delight of the Minister I decided, without hes

itation, for the third. Both the monarch and the Minister were filled with satisfaction when the reform was carried out.

The Minister of the Interior, Herr

von Puttkamer, had been forced to retire during the ninety-nine days, to the great sorrow of him who was then

Crown Prince. He was an able, tried

old Prussian official; one of those

omeranians of the old school, filled

with loyalty to the King a nobleman through and through. Rumor had

it that the Empress Frederick had

driven him from office by a plot, but

this is not true. The Empress, with

her inclination to English Liberalism,

doubtless did not like the old-time

Prussian Conserative, yet she was not at all to blame for his going. Prince

Bismarck pushed him aside, perhaps out of consideration for the Empress Frederick.

I was deeply interested in forestry

and its improvment along practical

lines, especially as new gold reserves

could be created for the State by re-

forstation.

Next to Herr von Podbielski, the

ablest Minister of Agriculture and Forests was Freiherr von Schorlemer,

Just as Herr von Podbielski bent his

efforts toward creating great stretches

of forests in the East, in order to keep off the east wind by a compact forest

zone and thus improve our climate,

and, at the same time, provide a nat

ural protection against Russian attacks so Herr von Schorlemer opened up

the eastern forest reservations by ex

tensive construction of roads, and by

thus facilitating the transportation of

wood helped Germany greatly in mak

ing headway in competition against

wood from Russia.

Both Ministers sought, In co-opera

tion with me, to improve our splendid

Prussian forestry personnel and better living conditions among them, and to help them toward promotions in their

ranks all of which these officials,

zealous in their work and faithful to

their King, fully deserved.

The influx of large sums into the State's pocketbook depended indeed

on the honesty, industry and reliabil

ity of these men. I expected much toward restoration of the fatherland

from the statesmanlike shrewdness

and ability of Herr von Schorlmer,

who was always quite conscious of the goal at which he was aiming. (His recent death, which snatched him away in the midst of beneficial labors, is a 6erious loss to the fatherland.) . He Studied Forestry I learned much about forestry from

Head Forester Freiherr von Hovel ' ( JoachimsthaL Schorfheide) and Freiherr Speck von Sternburg (Szittkoh-

nen, Rominten) on my many hunting

expeditions with these excellent ad

ministrators.

Let me say a word here regarding

a Russian curiosity in the domain of preserving wild game. The Czar, who

had heard a great deal about the fine antlers of the stags at Rominten.

wished to have some of the same sort at Spala, in Poland. Freiherr von Sternburg was sent to the Spala hunting lodge one summer in order to give advice regarding this project.

He was received very cordially bv a

General, who had charge of the hunt

ing there and lived at the lodge.

Sternburg noticed that all the apartments, even those not inhabited, were always kept heated. When he spoke

of the enormous waste of wood occasioned by this, the General shrugged his shoulders and remarked that one never could tell, the Czar might put

in an appearance some day, after all.

A gamekeeper, who was a German,

was assigned to Sternberg, since the

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General did not know his way about on the reservation and was quite ignorant of game feeding. In the course of his tours about the place Sternburg observed a number of

places where meadows could be turned into pastures or good feeding places

could be installed. He drew attention

to the need of such arrangements, having noticed that the deer had already begun to shed their horns to a considerable extent, ' thereby causing

much aamage to the trees. But the gamekeeper shook his head sadly and remarked that he had already reported all that, but in vain,

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