Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 92, Number 215, 9 September 1922 — Page 18

PAGE FOUR

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1922 Story, Song, and Worship, Important in Life of American Indian

George Hartley Lived With Indians 10 Years; Tells of Their Life The Indian will not have much to do with any one who will not como into his lodge and eat with him.

One must live with him and show

himself trustworthy as a friend be

fore the Indian will broak down his great wall of reserve and be very

friendly with the stranger. Mr

George Hartley, of Fountain City, Ind., has done this. Ho has lived with many Indian trio on Okla

homa reservations for ten years

and has a great liking and admira

tion for the American Indian. Dur

ing many other years, his interest

in teaching the Indians through tho

Friends' Mission work has led him to visit them in many other parts

of tho country. Mr. Hartley is a big, tall man, with snow-white hair and merry b!ue eyes that twinkle as he tells stories of his experiences. For Junior Palladium readers, Mr. Hartley told the Junior editor a few days ago, several stories of his life with this exceedingly interesting people, the remnant of a great primitive race, thinking that children who begin to "play Indian" almost as soon as they learn to walk would enjoy hearing more about the colorful life of these early Americans. Among the tribes with whom Mr. Hartley lived and worked are the Peorias. Senecas, Ottawas, Modocs,

Osages, Miamis, Shawnees, sac ana Fox, Kickapoos, Iowas, Pottawato-

mis, Cheyenncs, Arapahoes, Pimis, and Chippewas. ' In addition to this, he has' met Indians of many other tribes in his journeys to their dwelling places. , Mr. Hartley Rays the different tribes and the individuals of each tribe vary greatly, as white people do, in their habits of life. Some have reached a much higher civilization than others; some are more industrious; some are more warlike; some can more easily adapt themselves to the new life, tho white man's life, which is like a cage compared to the former way; of living but Mr. Hartley has.

found that Indians in general are a very interesting and likeable people. ,'

INDIANS STICK TO TRUTH The Indian sticks to truth In word and action and is proud of tho fact that people can not say of him

that hl3 "talk is not straight." or

that he has "two tongues." Theft is unknown in an Indian camp. Loyalty to friends, beginning in childhood, is so sti-ong that very often these early friendships last through life. It is for traits like these that the Indian has been called "one of the noblest type of primitive man." Little Indian Girl

Has Eventful Life

Son of Kiowa Chief, Dan-tohe, Aged Six

Indian's a Story World; Children Hear Many Stories and song form a big part in the life of, the Indian and the Indian children in their natural lif?, were surrounded with a wealth of stories. Many of the stories were tol-by the old men of the tribe to groups of children as they gathered in the tents or lodges. The sun was a man, they would say, who starts on his journey from the eastern horizon, and travels to the west where ho enters hl3

lodge to pass the night. Very early he ran lt

in the morning he starts out again, passes around the southern edge of the earth (they believed the earth was flat) and appeared again at sunrise in tho east.

The Story of Winter

From a place far to the north, the Indian children were to'd, from a place where there are always clouds so thick that the sun can

never shine through them to heat anything, comes Ho-ira-a-ha, the

cold maker, and brings the winter.

Sometimes he comes on a white

horse in the midst of a storm, but often he advances in a white cloud and says to the sun as he moves along, "I am coming, I am coming! Pack away, because I am going to make it cold all over the land." After many moons, spring comes again and the sun gets higher and higher. It says to Ho-im-a-ha, "Go back now to where you came from.

I want to heat the earth again and to make the grass and all thingu grow." So, Ho-im-a-ha then returns to his home in the far north. TheHe stories and many others delight the Indian children probably as much lis the old tales told

hy Nokomis pleased the youn Hiawatha.

It was In 1832 when the Black-

hawk Indian war broke out and the

Blackhawks were camped on the south bank of the Wis-Cons (we call it Wisconsin) river, which, Mr. Hartley said, means "swift."

Zachary Taylor, who afterward became president of the United

States, started with a group of

soldiers to take the tribe. Learning of their approach, the Indians

hurriedly gathered their belongings and fled.

One young woman, however, had

gone with her little three-year-old girl into ' the woods to gather

blackberries with their pony.

When she returned, the tribe had

gone.

Although the river was then high

and was always swift, the woman decided to swim across. She

bound their clothing into a bundle,

putting the child in the middle of

it, and tied it on the pony's back. Then the mother startedto swim, leading the pony. But the pony bolted, so she had to leave it behind. She then bound the baby on her own back and swam across, and began swiftly to follow the trail. However, before she had gone far, they were captured by Taylor's scouts and taken to Taylor's tent. Taylor became attracted to the child and decided to keep it, letting the woman go on in search

of her tribe. Indian Girl Lives in White Mouse The little Indian girl whom the Taylors called Mary, was raised in their own family, the special play

mate of Taylor's daughter who later became the wife of Jefferson Davis, president of the Southern Confederacy. She was educated in the best of schools of the country and after Taylor became president, lived in the White House. True to her pure Indian blood, however, Mary favored her own people, and wanted to goback to them. So she joined a band of Sac and Fox Indians in Iowa, led by Chief Keokuk. She married his son, who became Chief Keokuk, a powerful fighter, a terror to his enemies, but devoted to Mary. Keokuk Proves Strong Personality The tribe then moved to central Oklahoma, on a large reservation.

Here Chief Keokuk ran a store and

in his own way. He

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KIOWA NONSENSE RHYME Wo who have lauglud so merrily over our own nonsense rhymes when we wore little, are not surprised that Indian children delight to have the old women of their tribe croon " similar rhymes to them. Here, in' the dialect of the tribe and also in its English form translated, is a rhyme sung as a lullaby to babies of the Kiowa tribe: "V pagy ' mainte koain-ko. Zotom tonsad'l.

Tsainyi tonsad'l, Polainyi tonsadi."

And in English, like this:

it is trau. "la ted

Photo by permission of George Hartley, Fountain City.

knocked down anyone that crossed

his path, Mr. Hartley said. One day, after hearing a Christian trach, he decided to follow his teachings. The next Sunday he closed his store which had always been open before. Some Indians came and wanted to buy tome food, but Chief Keokuk refused to sell. When the Indians told him they had nothing to eat, he gave them enough for the day, but he would take no money for it.- One

day he rushed up to Mr. Hartley,

threw his arms around him, and said, "He my brother; preach good!" For the rest of his life, 17 years, he lived a Christian life,

as staunch as the staunchest, and

Mary was happy, living with her

own people. MAZZINI OF ITALY FAVORED LIBERALS

Games Indians Play Indian children are great swim

mers, being taught to swim about

as soon as they learn to walk, Mr.

Hartley said.

The children, especially the boys,

are very swift runners and one of their favorite pastimes is running

races. Shooting their bows and arrows is another way Indian boys

spend a great deal of time.

Still another game which is a

great favorite among the older boys of the Pawnee tribe (which name probably means 'wolf') is the

stick game. They roll along on

the ground, a rawhide wheel or ring, six or eight inches in diam

eter. Through this the two players In the game try to throw the long, slender sticks with which they play. This game is thought to have helped the Pawnee boy to develop his tough muscles and unending endurance.

"Baby swimming down the river, Driftwood hggies, Rabbit lejgies, Little rabbit leggies."

Touch Them But Rightly The soul of music slumbers in the shell Till waked and kindled by the master's spell; And feeling hearts, touch them but rightly, pour A thousand melodies, unheard -before. Samuel Rogers.

War Dance is Practice Have you ever practised an Indian war dance, just for fun? The war dance was a regular ceremony among the Indians, for, when they were not actually going to war, they took part in this dance to keep in practise. Painting themselves with bright colored stripes and donning their head bands of bright feathers, the men of tho tribe would dance for hours, sometimes all night, groaning and whooping and hollowing,

heating on a rough sounding drum, and raising their knives and tomahawks high in the air. Sometimes they would turn on each other and fight, as they said, "to drive the devil away," or, simply to keep In practise. Each one had a club, three or four feet long, which ho used in his dance. Here, in their own d'alect, is a rong of victory of the Cheyennes after a war, more savage in its thought of leaving the slain of the enemy to the wolves: "Honih-hio ! Tsi-wona-atz Imio-missi-yo." Following is the translation into

English:

Kiowa Indians Called Fiercest , of Warriors That Roamed Plains When' White Men first reached the Great Plains in the western part of our country they found the Kiowa Indians roaming throughout the country about the headwaters of the Platte river. The Kiowas, or Gaigwu, as they call themselves, were known to be the fiercest of the warriors who lived

on the plains. They were renowned for their bravery, and were acknowledged to be great buffalo hunters. The Cheyennes have a tradition which tells us that less than 269 years ago, when they crossed the Missouri river and reached tho plains north of Black Hills, they found Kiowas and Comanches between those mountains and tho Yellowstone river. In 1867, the Kiowas gave up their free life, made a treaty with tho United States government, and went to live on a reservation near Anadarko, Oklahoma, and Fort Sill, where they are today. The photographs of three child

ren of a Kiowan chief are shown on this page. These Indian children are "dressed in their best." You will notice that the girls have ornamented their buckskin dresses with many beads and jewelry, tho latter probably of bone or metal, and that the boy is wearing his head dress, of eagle or wild turkey feathers, which is usually worn just for festivals. The head drees is also worn by the men of the tribe for war.

"Ho ye! hear ye! Feast ye! O wolves! Feast, be ye merry, Yo, ho! Gather At the dawn."

come ye!

Ten-Year-Old Daughter of Chief Dan-tohe of the Tribe of Kiowas, Indians of the Plains

Solving a Great Riddle The riddle of deciphering Egypt's heiroglyphics was solved by the finding of the Rosetta stone, on the site of an ancient fort on the Rosetta branch of the Nile river in 1799. The stone is of black granite. t wu not deciphered until 1822. 1

Mazzini would not be comforted. He neglected his books and spent

the whole day in brooding over the collapse of the; fight the Piedmontese Liberals had made for liberty. He dressed in mourning and all his life he clung to his boyhood

fancy.

"If only they had held out a little longer," sobbed the boy, "I am sure they would have won. But when I grow up I'm going to try to help them." This great idea never left Maz zini and he carried out his youthful promise by becoming one of the great leaders for Italian liberty. I

Boys' and Girls' Newspaper. j

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I li t i I . jWlfi v t. ftl; s fft'i . i ItU' W'l i x ri'

1

Indians Known to Be Intensely Religious Indians are known to be a deeply spiritual people, worshipping regularly and trusting greatly in tho power and wisdom of the Great Spirit. Tho sun was looked upon as a great power and worshipped. Early each morning the father and all members of a family would com out in front of their tent and, facing the east, would pray to the sun, usually chanting tho prayer in a

strange, rich tone. At sunset they would face the east and then the west and pray again to the sun. Below is an old, old chant of tho Cheyenne Indians, often sung by the old men of the tribe from the summit of the hills at dawn: "Hohiotsitsl, no-otz, Ehani nah-hiwatoma, Napave, vihnivo." In English, this means:

"Morning Song. He our Father, He hath shown unto me. In peace I walk ' road."

His Mercy the straight

This is the simuiest and. Der-

haps, the deepest expression of the .

spiritual life of the Indian, though they often hold religious festivals which are full of color and sound and ceremony.

ARROWHEADS IN MUSEUM

Arrowheads of many different kinds, together with the larger stono points which were put In spears and tomahawks, may be seen on the second floor of tho Earlham museum. There are the

simplest kind of arrowheads made . of plain flint; then there are tho ones whose edges are cut or beveled like a mirror; and then there are those that are cut and twisted. " Some polished war points are also shown, together with several of the Indian farming implements. Many of tho Indian relics shown in the museum were dug up in the state of Indiana and neighboring states. It is known the Shawnees, the Delawares and the Sac and Fo.t Indians roamed all around this part of the country.

Whence the Word News? Popularly the origin of the word

NEWS has been explained by saying it meant information from tho four points of the compass NEWS, north, east, west, south.

Photo by permisnlon of George Hartley, Pountafn Cltjr.

Woman Operates Wireless School Miss Mary Texan Loom is. of

Washington, an expert in radio

work, owns and operates a school

for wireless telegraphy.