Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 92, Number 181, 1 August 1922 — Page 3

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND " SUN-TELEGRAM, RICHMOND, IND., TUESDAY, AUG. 1, 1922.

PAGE THREE

KU KLUX KLAN IS NOT FIRST ORGANIZATION FOSTERING RACIAL AND RELIGIOUS HATRED; FALSE BASIC PRINCIPLE UNDERMINES THEM

The Ku Klux Klan excludes from i exclude foreigners

jis communion, not only the negro and the Jew but two other important classes of our population the foreign horn and the Catholic, and apparently e&eks to debar these from equal political rights. It is not the first society which has drawn this line. Hostility to foreign

ers and to Catholics dates back tfl

In convention at

How Many Rats Do You Feed?

There are more rats than human beings. Each of us supports two or three of these pests. They are per

manent, umnvitea guests in our

Cambridge City the Know Nothings , premises.

attempted to nominate Morton but as, jt COBtg Tjitfted States $200,000.

2-WAY SHIP CANAL

FOR LAKE SHIPPING WOULD AID CHICAGO

fBy Associated Press)

CHICAGO. 111.! Am 1 A two-way

ship canal between Lakes Superior j feet above the surface of the

water than Lake Michigan could at present supply. As an example the engineer showed that the Panama canal would be useless without the artificial lake which keeps the canal full of water. And Lake Michigan, he said, is shrinking. Since the government began to keep records, the surface of the lake has been lowered several Inches. Half a century ago

the lake was said to be slightly less

U. S. BALLOON RACER WINS INTERNATIONAL PLACE BY BIG FLIGHT

(By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, Aug. 1. Major Os

car Westover, who will represent the

he was not willing to connect himself; 000 a year t0 feed ltB rat popuiation. Michigan, deep enough for ocearr, mtle m0re tnan 61g feet above tnoLnited States Army in the Interna-

wiin meir ursaunauuu uicj yvui tsx return ior our Hospitality tney steamers, coma De duiii at a reason-

tne nomination oi u. r. nouawaj. waste our substance, bring us a choice

! The council of Wayne county fixed up

a ticket on Sept. 16, 1854, that was introduced and accepted with two excep

tions at the convention at Centerville

colonial days and the Protestanis were J one week later. The principles of the

apparently much more intolerant than

were the Catholics themselves. For while the Puritans in New England were boring the tongues of Quakers with red hot irons, while they wero flogging Baptists and Quakers M the cart tail and even inflicting the

: death penalty upon heretics; while the adherents of the Church of Eng- ' land in Virginia- were depriving both i Catholics and Dissenters of all civil rights, it was the Catholic colony of Maryland which established its government upon the basis of complete religious toleration. Many Go to Colony Protestants as well as Catholics immigrated to that colony to enjoy the 'blessings of full religious liberty. So, 'when we criticise, however justly, Roman Catholic intolerance in .'other (countries and at other times, we ought Lnot to forget that here in America they took the first great step, a step which up to that time was unknown in the world, in establishing a government founded upon complete religious liberty. After the Revolution, much of our (intolerance faded away. Yet as early

las 1807. an "American" ticket was put

in the field in New York city. This was the first attempt to form a nativeborn American organization. The

ticket was defeated. In 1835 another organization was formed which re

ceived the name of the "American Democratic Association." It opposed

the Catholic church and all office-holding by the foreign born. The Whigs joined this organization , but afterwards absorbed it and ruined it for the time as a native American movement Other Organizations. In 1844, there was organized in New York the "American Republican Party" which nominated candidates for mayor and city council. Similar or

ganizations were formed in Boston, Philadelphia, and St. Louis and carried the elections. In the following year an organization was formed called the "Native American Party," but each year it declined in numbers and soon passed out of existence. Some years later there was organized "Ttte Order of the Star Spangled Banner" commonly called "Know Nothings" which established a system of national, state and local councils and in 1855, every state and territory in the Union had been organized. On June 14, 1854, a general convention met in New York and protested among other things, against the evils of foreign immigration as well as against Romanism, which they looked upon as a great conspiracy to ensnare Protestant America. A ritual was adopted at this meeting. To become a member, a person must be a Protestant, born of Protestant parents in the United States, reared under Protestant influence and not married to a Catholic

It sought to conceal the personnel of

order included the repeal of all nat

uralization laws, the election of none but native Americans in office, "war to the hilt" on Romanism and the amplest protection of Protestant interests. The Know Nothings had to take the utmost care to preserve the secrecy of their meetings, the signals for which were given by scattering bits of paper of different shapes and colors and in

such a way as to designate the place and the time. In Bloomington they met in the midst of a field where there was a tall growth of fennel. One lodge in Crawfordsville was in a deserted house in the woods. A lodge at Georgetown met at night in a cornfield. But at last all its secrets became exposed with its constitution and ritual secured from a drunken member and were published in the Indianapolis Sentinel Sept. 18, 1854. Disorders Follow The result of this organization was that' foreign born citizens went armed.

In Franklin county, Germans attended a funeral armed with bowie knives and prepared to go armed to the polls on election day. Riots and assaults on individuals were common. At an election Oct. 10, 1854, the Know Nothings of New Albany and Jeffersonvill. were charged with importing bullies from Louisville to assault foreigners and Catholics and prevent their voting, and brass knuckles were used to help carry the election.

If a meeting were cauea to denounce Know Nothingism, it was drowned out by the shouts of the Know Nothings. Julian says that in his own town (Centerville) they succeeded by brute force in taking possession of every building

assortment of diseases, and scatter filth. We do little to combat them. Haphazard, trapping and Doisonins: are not

effective. The war against them must

be systematic, organized, scientific.

The Department of Agriculture has made an exhaustive study of this subject and has printed the results in a 24-page booklet with illustrations. Send for this authoritative booklet and learn how to get rid of these an-

able cost and would divert to this route and to Chicago at least seventyfive per cent of the tonage which now goes through Sault Ste Marie, according to D. Chase Denison, a Chicago engineer.

After surveying the territory through which it was proposed to build such a canal. Mr. Denison said that the best place for the cut-off route would be from a point near Au Train, Mich., on Lake Superior to the headwaters

noying and destructive pests. There ;on TkA Mirhrn

It was pointed out that any ship

is no charge except twd cents in

stamps for return postage. Write

your name an address clearly.

fDo not send the coupon to The Palladium. Mali it direct to Washington. D. C)

Information Bureau, Washington. D. C. Frederick J. Haskin. Director. THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM I enclose herewith two cents in stamps for return postage on a free copy of the Rat Booklet.

Name.

Atlantic. According to Mr. Denison, the greater part of this shrinkage has taken place during the last 15 years.

PRESIDENT AND WIFE TO CAST VOTES BY MAIL WASHINGTON, Aug. 1. President and Mrs. Harding will vote by mall in the Ohio primaries, Aug. 8. It was said today at the White House that their ballots would be forwarded to Marion during the week.

With the close of the recent school

term Miss Kate M. Stevens rounded-

tional Balloon Races for the Gordon

Bennett trophy in Geneva, Switzer-j land, won his place by winning the national elimination race from Milwaukee, last May. His balloon won from a large field, travelling almost twice as far as any other bag and landing in Quebec, He was the only contestant who landed outside of the United States. Major Westover Is listed among the few higher army officers who won their way to commissions by way of

the ranks. He started as a private in

assigned to the infantry. Most of bia service has been in the infantry ia which arm of the service he won distinction as a rifleman and expert shot. Prior to the participation of the United States in the world war he served in the Signal Corps, being assigned to the Air Service in 1918, in which he rose to the temporary rank of coloneL , , Major Westover"s service In the ar

my has been distinguished. He served in several responsible positions, among them at posts at the Port of Embarkation at Hoboken. ; He was largely responsible for the organization of the Bureau of Aircraft Production and served as Executive of the Air Service, from 1919 to 1920.

HER SEVERE BACKACHE EVDED No one should suffer backache, rheumatic pains sleep disturbing- kidney and bladder ailments when Foiy Kidney Pills may be so easily had. Mrs. J. D. Miller Syracuse, New York, suffered

with kidney trouble and rheumatism.

canal from Lake Michigan south to ; out fifty years of service as a teacher the Gulf of Mexico would require more in the New York city schools.

Finally I Kot Foley Kidney Pills and

K company of the Third Battalion of j fo 4lereTu8ed liTSS

engineers, m. iaui, ana a year later was appointed to the Military Academy. He graduated in 1906 and was

with rheumatic pains, I can now sleep

in comtort and enjoy a gooa, maroc s rest.". A. G. Luken Drug Co, 626-62S Main St. Advertisement.

Street.

City.

State

to government was the proof that nativism is not Americanism. ' Public opinion has never accepted its estimate of the alien nor Catholic citizens." Lincoln's views in regard to it were shown in a letter which he wrote in

1859, quoted in his "Life by Nicolayf

in which their opponents could meet j and Hay," his private secretaries (Vol.

and silencing them by savage yells.

(June, 1855) More than twenty persons were killed in riot3 at Louisville in August, 1855, for which the Know Nothings received the blame. Even at Washington, the national capital, a mob forced its way into a shed near the Washington monument and broke to pieces a beautiful block of marble which came from the Temple of Concord at Rome and had been sent by the pope as his tribute to the memory of Washington. Mob Violence . A etreet preacher, who styled himself the Angel Gabriel, incited a crowd

in Chelsea, Mass., to deeds of violence. They smashed the windows of a Catholic church, tore a cross from the gable and shivered it to atoms. Catholic churches were also destroyed in Philadelphia. In 1855, a national council met at Philadelphia to adopt a .declaration of principles. They insisted that congress ought not to prohibit slavery in any territory and had no power to execute any state from admission to the Union, because its constitution recognized slavery. This declaration was

so objectionable to the northern Know

its membership and to keep absolute-1 Nothings that the Indiana council with

ly all knowledge of the order from the those of 11 other states seceded from outside world. To avoid questioning the national organization. They were

they professed ignorance of all matters

pertaining to the society, for which reason they were dubbed "Know Nothings." First Indiana Lodge. The first lodge in Indiana was orl ganized in February, 1854 at Lawrence'burg and the order spread rapidly through the towns along the Ohio and' later through the central and northern part of the state. The Rushville Jacltsonian says, "It is a rehash of native Americanism, gotten dp on such a scale that Whig politicians can follow their instinct by joining without being exposed." The Logansport Democratic Pharos

says, "Like an ill-omened bird of night, this society, afraid to meet the light of day and honestly avow its purpose, holds its gatherings in secret." In July, 1854, it claimed a membership of 60,000 in Indiana. Tne old Burnt District (our own) soon i.ecamc a Know Nothing stronghold. The order formed a fusion with the People's Party which held a convention at Indianapolis in 1854. Probably threefourths of the delegates were Know Nothings and fusion candidates were secretly nominated by the Know Nothing county councils. On July 11, a 6tate constitution was adopted. George W. Julian said of the fusion convention: "The ticket nominated had been agreed upon by the Know Nothing? the day before in secret conclave as the outside world afterwards learned." The secrecy of the movement threw It open to many charges. It was considered cowardly and un-American and preventive of the free expression of the people at the ballot box. Opposed by Morton Oliver P. Morton was repeHtd by

its secret measures, its opposition to

the Catholic church and its desire to

bitterly denounced by the southern members who declared them "a rotten

limb hewn off from the American party." Then the delegates from 15 southern counties seceded from the Indiana council and those who remained (the anti-slavery wing of the organization) became more closely allied with the Republicans, and modified their demands as native Americans, agreeing to a naturalization period of five years instead of 21. But by this time the secrets of the

Know Nothings had been exposed, there was no longer any mystery and they ceased to excite terror. They were now holding political conventions

and adopting platforms like any other party. Their every plan was laid bare to the public and from this time forward the order was better known as the American party. In 1856 it adopted a platform that Americans must rule America and that native born citizens should be selected for all offices in preference to all others and nominated Fillmore for the presidency but at the election he received only the electoral vote -of Maryland and the party soon disappeared from history.

In the words of the Encyclopaedia I

Bnttanica "Its only real contribution

11,181), declaring his opposition to the

waning fallacy of Know Nothingism. Referring to the provision lately adopted by Massachusetts to restrict the naturalization of aliens, he said, "As I

understand the Massachusetts provis-, ion, I am against its adoption in Illinois or in any other place where I have a right to oppose it.' Understanding the spirit of our institutions to aim at the elevation of men, I am opposed to whatever tends to degrade them. I have some little notoriety for commiserating the oppressed conditions

of the negro and I should be strangely

inconsistent if I could favor any pro

ject for curtailing the existing rights

of white men even though born in different lands and speaking different languages from myself." The question for us is, dowe want such an organization to be resuscitated under another name and to involve in its train the 'hatred, bigotry, riots,

and acts of violence which have been

the inevitable consequences where one part of a community is stirred up against another. America has a right to protect herself against undesirable immigrants, against criminals, paupers, the diseased, and other elements which will not assimilate with our people, but as to those who are already among us, whatever their nationality, creed or race, we are bound to treat them exactly as we treat ourselves by giving them the full benefits of all the rights of American citizenship. (NOTE Many of the facts in this article are taken from "The History of the Know Nothing Party," Indiana magazine of History, March and June, 1922.)

. i i I . ,pr l,ml i l im i 'ft pgrSrlrfg HIS master's voice- 'Mmmsmss

According to official figures, war material thus far destroyed by Germany consists of 5,885,000 rifles and carbines, 104,000 machine guns, 35,700, 000 loaded shells and mines, 14,800,000 grenades, 13,363 airplanes and 24,045 airplane engines.

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