Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 92, Number 144, 17 June 1922 — Page 1

A k AD SIX-TELEGRAM VOL. XCII., No. 144 Palladium. Kst 1831. Consolidated With Sun-Telegram. 1907. RICHMOND, IND., SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 17, 1922. SINGLE COPY, 3 CENTS

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GRAVE DANGER IN DECLINING BIRTHRATES France Particularly Hard Hit Blacks, Browns and Yellows Are Increasing in Numbers as Whites Decrease.

WAR EFFECT LASTING By MARK ."CLLIVAjr WASHINGTON, June 17. The subject of this article may seem a long way from American politics from primaries In North Dakota, from tariff debates In Washington, and from present American affairs altogether. But to anyone who views it with an eye on the future, the somber truth la otherwise. One day last week there appeared in the same issue of the New York Herald two despatches. They came from points considerably separated in distance. In the flow of the day's news, they were merely two separate items. But they belong together, and the considerations arising out of them go to the heart of future history. The first came from Paris. It was headed, "French Birth Rate Falls," and the essential portion of it read: "At the present rate of depopulation. It Is only a question of one generation before the population of France will diminish at the rate of 200,000 a year, ! statisticians declare, after a study of partial birth and death statistics In the first quarter of 1922." German Rate 'Terrific" The other despatch came from London. The part of it that is pertinent to the present article read: "The Times announces that Lord Northcllffe has Just finished an incognito tour of the Rhlneland, using a pseudonym because of German animosity towards him owing to his work as director of propoganda during the war. Lord Northcllffe describes the birth rate as 'terrific.' " Lord Northcllffe gives no actual statistics about the German birth rate, but the word "terrific" conveys with sufficient force a fact that is well known to observers generally. To complete the picture suggested by these two dispatches, I quote now nart of iin article -written hv one nf the genuinely great journalists of the world, Mr. J. L. Garvin, of the London Observer, a man In whom scholarship combines with his other talents to put him in a very small class among those who try to provide the world with enlightenment. Mr. Garvin attended the recent Genoa conference as a correspondent for his own paper and for the New York Times. Those who read his dispatches will recall their clearly outstanding quality. The following sentences are taken from a narrative which Mr. Garvin wrote of his return trip from Genoa to London. . He said: "Leaving Genoa I traveled from the Mediterran ean to the Channel through France in the freshest beauty of May. At Toulon, in all the sunshine of the Midi, the high ramparts were lined by black troops in red fezzes. They were unconscious of that long-armed law which decrees that a declining birthrate In France shall be made good In case of war by a ghastly death rate amongst the militarized negroes of tropical Africa. There are over three hundred thousand of them on peace footing in France and on the Rhine; there are plans for over a million in war. Ultimate Outcome "I feflected, I though of Lenlne in the Kremlin and his Chinese guards. If there is to be a million of black mercenaries on the French side, according to the mechanical two-camp logic of M. Poincare and all the fatal Chauvinistic schools, why not ultimately millions of yellow mercenaries on the side of Russia and Germany? The logic of French reaction would be a. sort of super-Armageddon, with hordes of blacks and yellows launched against each other until the larger forces of the East slowly conquered and the dwindling life of France was trodden out forever. No power in the world so much needs a genuine peace system of reconciliation and disarmament as Franco, whose population declines with every victory no less than with every defeat." "Either the Genoa policy will live and grow, and triumph on the basis of settled peace for Europe and Asia alike, or the civilization of modern Europe will perish like that of ancient Rome. Russia would have least to risk. Germany might "be the cockpit of a continent a devastated battleground as in the Thirty Years' war. France, whose initial ascendancy in military equipment would enable her to advance at the beginning of such a struggle, would be its surest victim at the end." Mr. Gavin puts this situation partly in the form of regret for the 300,000 black troops who now compose 40 per cent of the standing French army, and the additional 700,000 who would be drawn into any future war. Other observers speak of it as intolerable that France should maintain these 300,000 Africans as a part of the instrumentality through which she threatens to impose her will on the rest of Europe. France is charged i with attempting to maintain her position by piecing out her own increasing sterility with the abounding fecundity of Africa.

Rate Is Decreasing This whole matter of declining French birth rate has been observed and studied by thoughtful persons who look beneath the surface, ever since the beginning of the war. The number of babies born in France has long been small barely enough to keep her population stationary. But since the war began it has not even been large enough for that. When Germany and France fought in 1870, each of them had about 40,nOO.OOO. But when they fought again 44 yeirs later, France still had only 1 0,000.000. while Germany had gone up to 70,000,000 It was France's statio- ( Continued on Page Ten)'

Leviathan, Former German

l 4--. 4. Workers

The great steamship Leviathan, formerly the pride of the German merchant marine as the "Vaterland," now Is being remodeled at Newport News for trans-Atlantic passenger service. The ship was used as a transport after its

seizure during the war. When the palatial liners afloat. CINCINNATI WOMAN ESCAPES KIDNAPPERS; HUSBAND ABDUCTOR (By Associated Press) CINCINNATI, Ohio, June 17. Accompanied by her brother and her attorney, Mrs. Clara Marshall returned to Cincinnati early today from Magnesia Springs, Ind.. where she said she escaped from an automobile in which she was abducted forcibly by four men yesterday when playing golf at a country club here. Two of the men she said left the machine Just outside the city limits. From the Indiana village last night Mrs. Marshall telephoned her father, William B. Schawe, treasurer of a Cin cinnati Bhoe manufacturing company, that she was safe although showing the effects of her. struggles with her captors and that one of the men was her husband, Albert Marshal, from whom she had been separated for several months and had sued for divorce. No motive for the act was assigned in her telephone conversation and upon her return to Cincinnati Mrs. Marshall was said to be in a highly nervous condition, bordering on collapse and could not be questioned. After her escape from the machine Marshall drove away, telling her as he left that he had "committed a crime under Ohio laws" and could not return to Ohio, she told her attorney, over the telephone. Mrs. Marshall was playing golf with Mrs. Louis J. Hauck when the auto drove up with its four occupants and before Mrs. Hauck or the caddies could interfere Mrs. Marshall was seized by two of the men, dragged into the car and spirited away, screaming and struggling. The first Information as to Mrs. Marshall's whereabouts came after an entire day of searching by operatives of a local detective agency, city detectives, her attorney and family. Polico and detective agencies in more than a score of cities and towns, including those on the Canadian border, had been directed to keep a close watch for a large brown automobile containing four men and a woman wearing golfing clothes. While waiting for results from this wide-spread net, Mrs. . Marshall called her home from Magnesia Springs, and a waiting auto left at once for that place to bring her back to Cincinnati. MODERNIST LEADER BAPTIST PRESIDENT (By Associated Press) INDIANAPOLIS, June 17 Rev. Frederick E. Taylor, of Indianapolis, Modernist leader, was elected president of the Northern Baptist convention at the annual convention here today. He succeeded Mrs. Helen D. Montgomery, of Rochester, N. Y. The entire Modernist group was elected to office, including Carl Wem3hank, of Seattle, Wash., first vice-president; Rev. W. C. Vittirg, St Louis, Mo., corresponding secretary; Rev. M. A. Leavy, Pittsfield, Mass., recording secretary; Rev. Charles A. Walker, Philadelphia, Pa., statistical secre tary; Frank L. Minor, Des Moines, la., treasurer. The final attempt of the Funda mental group to have "The Baptist," the weekly paper of the convention, sold to Individuals, came today when the convention adopted the report of executive committee that the reac lution be killed. World Cotton Conference Against 48-Hour Week (By Associated Press) STOCKHOLM. June 17. The International cotton conference ended its sitting here yesterday after passing resolutions declaring against the 48 hour week us economically unsound, and detrimental to the best interests of both employers ond workers. The conference reaffirmed its belief that arbitration was the best method for settling disputes under cotton contracts between different nationalities, and favored the appointment of subcommittees to draft a new set of rules applicable to arbitration in all countries.

Steamship, To Be One of

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leaving Leviathan as six o'clock whistle remodeling is completed it is believed Primate of Ireland Again Held Up By Ulster Constabulary (By Associated Press) BELFAST, June 14 Cardinal Logue. primate of Ireland, and his coadjutor, Archbishop O'Donnell, again were held up by members of the Ulster constabulary last night when their automobile was stopped near Newry by a patrol of "B" specials. The constables at fir3t demanded the chauffeur's license, which he produced at the same time informing them of the identity of his passengers. The leader of the constables then ordered the prelates to alight and submit to search to which they consented, although again giving their names. A number of bags in the car were searched and documents carried by the prelates were scrutinized after which the party was allowed to proceed. This is the third occasion recently on which Cardinal Logue has been held up by constables, Winston Churchill, British Colonial secretary, following the second holdup of Cardinal Logue expressed regret in the House of Commons over this incident. He declared that Sir James Craig, the Ulster Premier had told him it was far from the wishes of the northern government that any want of consideration should have been shown to any high dignitary of the Catholic church. Mr. Churchill also declared that "those concerned" had been officially rebuked. PLAN TO PUSH BONUS AFTER TARIFF BILL WILL BE ADOPTED BULLETIN WASHINGTON, June 12. Notice that an attempt would be made to call up the soldier bonus bill in the senate Monday regardless of the reported Republican agreement to defer its consideration until after disposal of the tariff bill, was given In the senate to - day by Senator Ashurst (Dem.) of Arkansas. (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, June 17. Adoption by the party conference of Republican senators next Monday of a compromise plan whereby the soldiers' bonus bill would be given senate right of way after disposal of the tariff measnre was regarded as assured today as the result of negotiations between the Republican factions favoring and opposing displacement of the tariff bill In favor of the bonu3. The plan was reported to have been virtually agreed upon at conferences held yesterday after informal canvasses of the Republican membership had disclosed that a large majority were prepared to stand with President Harding in favoring priority for the tariff measure. . American Legion representatives also were said to have been consulted and to have given their approval to the arrangement, under which the bo - nus measure would have absolute rights or priority arter disposal or me; tariff legislation. Democratic senators, however, were said to be prepared to make a fight of their own to secure precedence for the bonus measure. Chairman McCumber, of the finance committee, who has been urging Immediate consideration of the bonus measure, said he would withhold his proposed motion to displace the tariff bill If the Republican conference would definitely pledge the party to disposal of both bills before adjournment. HOLD UP EXPRESS; ROB BAGGAGE CAR PITTSBURGH, June 17. The Fairmount express on the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad was held up near Webster, Pa., about 25 miles from here at 10:40 o'clock this morning by two! masked men. After robbing the bag-j gage car they escaped. 1

Most Palatial Liners Afloat

blows. tha Leviathan will be one of the most t 'GEN. GHEN'S TROOPS, WITH CANTON, TAKEN; FURTHER CONQUEST BULLETIN PEKING, June 17. With the bodyguard of Sun Yat-Sen, head of the South China republic, still fighting in the presidenti?.! palace at Canton, the troops of Gen. Chen Chiung-Ming, who yesterday occupied Canton, have pressed on and captured Nanton. This was reported in a dispatch from Cantonfiled at 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon. (By Associated Press) est obstacles to the reunion of China,! namely Dr. Sun Yat-Sen and General ,w rr Hr, vtc or, r.MD l i Chang Tso-Lin, apparently are eliminated and the prospect for bringing the whole republfc under one government seems brighter today than at anytime since the establishment of the South China regime at Canton in 1918. Dr. Sun Yat-Sen, head of the south China government, has fled from his capital, according to official advices received today. The forces of General Chen Chiung Mirg have occupied Canton and Dr. Sun has sought safety aboard a gunhnt no4i nv,or, 5 r,AA in favor the plans of provisional President Li Yuan-Hung and General Wu Pei-Fu for assembling a constitutional all-China parliament here. Chen, one of the most powerful of the southern military men, joined thirteen provincial military governors late last month in endorsing General Wu's call for the assembling of the parliament. Only a few days ago Dr. Sun offered him the command of all the southern armies for his support against the Peking government, but the offer was rejected. Harold F. McCormick Undergoes Operation (By A-soclated Press CHICAGO, June 17 Harold F. McCormick, formerly head of the Inter national Harvester company, was reported to be getting along very nicely at Wesley Memorial hospital today following a minor operation there on inursaay. tie win oe able to go home within a few days, attaches of the hospital said. Mr. McCormick, who is 61 years old, recently declined re-election to the presidency of the harvester com pany. but was elected chairman of a newiy created executive comnv"e. No mention of ill health w;-ade at the time of his resignation. The nature of the operation was not disclosed at the hospital. Weather Forecast FOR RICHMOND AND VICINITY By W. E. Moore. Somewhat unsettled but mostly fair tonight. .Sunday generally fair with moderate temperature. The passing eastward of the storm across the .Great Lakes indicates a break in the hot wave with moderate temperature tonight and Sunday. PosI sibilitv of local thundershmverR hut ino general rain Temperatures Yesterday. Maximum . 91 Minimum 54 Today. Noon 88 Weather Conditions The hot wave continues east of Illinois but it is cooler west of the Mlscsissippi, due to high barometric pressure over the Rocky mountains. Severe local thunderstorms occurred last night in western Ohio and, portions of Indiana. General rains over tho Great Lakes. A gulf storm is moving northward towards the Texas and Louisiana coast, but it is generally fair over the west. For Indiana, by the United States Weather Bureau Generally fair tonight and Sunday. Somewhat cooler tonight and south portion Sunday. Paid Circulation Yesterday, was 11,624

in ASKS INDEPENDENCE OF PHILIPPINES

President Har ding Told Today in Formal Statement That Stipulations of. United1 !- W T-k - If Ml 1 1 jtatCS Have been rUlhlled. CLAIM RULE STABLE (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, June 16 Establishment by the Filipinos of a stable government In the Philippines has fulfilled the only stipulation laid down by the United States government for the ginting of independence to the islands, President Harding was told today in a formal statement presented by the Philippine parliamentary mission which came here to place before him the nationalist plea. The statement read to Mr. Harding by Banuel L. Quezon, president of the Philippine senate and 27 other members of the mission, reviewed the situation of the Filipinos and reiterated their aspiration for "national exist ence. It quoted former President Wilson a3 calling the attention of con gress in a message in December, 1920, to establishment of a successful government in the Philippines and re minding congress of the obligation to grant independence to the Filipinos. The recommendation of former President Wilson, the statement con tlnued waR mad flft. th . general of the Philippines had officially certified to congress and the president that a stable government could be established in the islands. "It is a fact, therefore," the statement continued, "that immediately prior to the coming into power of the present administiation the Philippine question was on the eve of solution. Says Rule Stable "We beg to submit that the fifteen months that have elapsed since tho new administration assumed office have not altered the situation. Tho same stable government exist3. Con trary to what some may aver, the phrase 'a stable government' does not convey a vague and indefinite condition. It has a specific and well established meaning, x x x "President McKinley, in addressing the Cuban people defined the stable government as one "capable of main taining order and observing Its international obligations, insuring peace tranquility and the security of its citizens as weu as our own. 11 musi be remembered that the term 'stable government' in the Jones law has been adopted directly from the American promises to the Cuban people. It can not therefore, but have the eame meaning." No American body or official, not even the Wood-Forbes mission which was described as "unwarrantably se vere and critical in its report, had denied the stability of the Filipino gov ernment, the mission declared. "It Is admitted by the Wood-Forbes mission that order has been properly j maintained and that our insular police or constabulary, 'has proved itself to be dependable and thoroughly effici ent,' " the statement continued. "The insular, provincial and municipal gov ernments, of the Philippines rest on t Vt A frCD TA1 cf1 enffra em r9 tVt a normlo Tha nannla r,lf mAmKA- ; :r i , i : : " : : riv: , 1 iz -o i r u - ow ' ernors, members of the provincial boards, municipal presidents, and members of the municipal councils. 15 ARE ARRESTED FOR MINE RIOTING NEAR TERRE HAUTE TERRE HAUTE, June 17. Fifteen arrests were made this morning by the sheriffs of Vigo and Clay counties in the case of 150 miners for whom warrants were issued Friday evening, out of the Clay county circuit court, charging rioting and conspiracy. Soon after the officers began rounding up the alleged rioters, David Jones, a , representative of District No. 11, Unit- ', ed Mino Workers of America, appear ed at the office of Sheriff A. A. Wolfe, requesting that no further arrests be made today, saying that the mino workers officials would make an at tempt to have all the miners in court at Brazil Monday morning. Activities of the strikers are at a standstill today. A mass meeting has been called for Sunday afternoon, when the further policy of the union men on strike will be outlined HOT WEATHER COMES ON FAST SCHEDULE The present hot wave is not an abnormal weather condition, according to Weatherman Moore. However, he states that the extreme hot weather has come to this portion of the country about five days earlier this yeax than during the average year. The temperature at noon Saturday was 88. At noon Friday the mercury hovered around 92. Friday was the hottest day of the season thus far for this territory, said Moore, for on that day the meicury aviated to 93 degrees in thei shade in may Indiana cities. Chi-! cago reported a temperature of 93, which indicated that the hot wave is general for this section. The shade temperatures in other cities Friday "were as follows : Indianapolis, 90; Cincinnati, 88; Evansville, 94; Springfield, 111., 96; Fort Wayne, 86. The cool wave -which is now passing over the northwest will serve to temporarily break up the hot weather here although it will not be effective enough to produce any great lowering of temperature in this section. Indications are that the temperature will be moderate Sunday with the mercury standing near 80 in the shade, Mr. Moore said.

FOUR MEN, 1 WOMAN DIE IN IRISH STRIFE; - HOUSES ARE BURNED

(By Associated Press) . BELFAST, June 17. Four men and one woman wero shot dead and two men were wounded today in the vicinity of Bessbrook, known as county Armagh's model village. The housed of three Loyalists were burned. The affair is thought to have been in reprisal for the shooting of two e Wednesday, one of whom lived " 18 believed that two gangs par-1 ticipaiea in tne massacre, rne iirmg an explosions were plainly heard in Newry. Those killed were a man and his son, shot through the head; an aged couple, who were slain together, and a young man. A man and his son also were wounded, and another boy and a girl were injured by bomb splinters when the homes of two of the victims were destroyed. Members of another household narrowly escaped when the premises were set on fire. Attempts were made to burn several other homes, and one at Cloughrea, near Bessbrook, was at tacked with rifle3 and bombs LONDON, June 17. The campaign of incendiarism in Belfast has become so alarming, says the Morning Post's correspondent, that when the Ulster parliament re-assembles Tuesday the northern government Is likely to Introduce legislation Imposing the death penalty on persons convicted of set ting fires. The writer ascribes the burnings to a plot to strangle the industrial life of Belfast by destroying manufacturing and business premises. MINE AND RAILROAD MEETING-TUESDAY; BALLOTS ARE READY BULLETIN CINCINNATI, June 17. Chiefs of miners and rail unions agreed here today to hold a meeting next Tuesday night to discuss Joint strike action. CINCINNATI. June 17. Strike ballots to stationary firemen and oilers, and instructions to general committees of signalmen to decide whether a strike vote, will be in the mails by night following the decision of the railroad labor board last night cutting wages of members of these unions. Clerks and station employes will not take a general strike ballot, E. H. Fitzgerald, grand president of the brotherhood, announced. He said that the general committee on each rail road system or road would determine whether or not a strike ballot would be Issued, and added where such votes were taken the men would be bound by the result. There would be na; walkout on a number of roads which have made agreements with the men which bound them to accept any wage slashes made by the labor board. Wait on Lewis. A meeting between the railroad presidents and miners under "a cooperate agreement" to consider the threatened railroad strike hinged on the arrival of John L. Lewis, president of the miners who was expected today. The request for the meeting betwen heads of these unions was made by B. M. Jewell of the Railway I -LILipiOyeS, under the agreement Chicago last Febrt ry reached in whereby each union agreed to "protect the Integrity of those engaged in these essential industries." Addressing a mass meeting of Cin cinnati rail shop workers, union pres idents announced last night that a speaking campaign in behalf of the threatened strike was to be launched In all important railroad centers. Heads of the three organizations af fected by the wage slash of the railroad labor board denounced the "outs as unjustified" and Baid that it re duced the workers' pay below tho point necessary to live and support a family under the present costs of living. SHIP SUBSIDY BILL, MIXED UP WITH DRY ISSUE, MAY GO OVER (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, June 17 A bill denying entrance into American ports of any ship, foreign or domestic, on which liquor is sold, was Introduced today by Representative Edomonds, Pa., ranking representative of the merchant marine committee which drafted the ship subsidy bill. WASHINGTON, June 17. With the ship liquor Issue now injected into the prospective fight on the bill. Republican leaders of the house were prepared to confer again with President Harding today on the question of taking up the administration's ship subsidy bill prior to adjournment. While all declared they would force the measure to a vote if the president still insisted, it was Indicated that they would reiterate the belief that consideration of the bill ought to go over until the December session. Rejected by the merchant marine committee before reporting out the subsidy measure yesterday the Banky 'ad amendment denying government aid to ships on which liquor is sold will be offered on the floor when the bill is taken up, Mr. Bankhead announced, with demand for a vote. This, with the probability of other pro posals designed to stop the sale of liquor on ships brought forth, in the view of many leaders, will so enwrap the measure in the prohibition issue as to threaten its chances in the house. BROKERAGE FIRM FAILS (By Associated Press) NEW YORK, June 17. The cotton brokerage firm of A. T. Jennings and company today filed a voluntary petition in bankruptcy in federal court Liabilities were listed at $25,892 and

assets $9,237.

SAY MINORITY IS TRYING TO INCITESTRIKE Majority Members of Rail Labor Board Who Yesterday Ordered Wage Cut, To

day Flay Dissenters. : CLAIM CUTS ARE FAIR (By Associated Press.) CHICAGO, June 17. Majority members of the United States railroad labor board who yesterday ordered another J27.000.000 slash from wages of the nation's railway workers, today replied to criticisms o? minority members of the board with the charge that the dissenting members presented "Incendary arguments in a strained and exaggerated effort to enflame the employes to strike against the decisions of the board." The minority, constituting two of three labor members were accused of "sowing some of the tiny seeda that have germinated and blossomed into industrial anarchy in Russia." Yesterday's decision which affected wages of 325,000 railway clerks, signal men and stationary firemen, brought total reductions effective July 1 under the board's orders to $135,000,000. Approximately. 1,200,000 railway employes are affected by the orders. Opinions Set Forth - " , t Accompanying yesterday's order carrying reductions ranging from two to six cents an hour was a lengthy supporting opinion from the members representing the railroads and the public and the dissenting opinion by the labor members condemning the order. In their prompt rejoinder today the majority members said in part: "It is not incumbent upon the six members of the board concurring in this decision to follow the minority into a partisan controversy which partakes more of the characteristics of impassioned advocacy than of calm adjudication. - "In so far as the dissenting cpinion distorts the sentiments of the majori'y misquotes their language and r-f' upon their desire and disposition to do Justice, we will refrain froui totument. Flay Minority. ' We prefer to believe that these improprieties crept into that part of the document which was drafted by the employes in the headquarters of tha railway department of the American Federation of Labor and that they werev overlooked by - th dissenting members. . "There Is one feature of the dis senting argument, however, which is so unusual that it should not be passed over without notice and that is the portion wherein the two dissenting members advise the employes to strike against the decision of the board. ... "It is something new for labor members of the board to issue incendiary arguments to employes in favor of striking against a decision of the board. The giving of advices of this kind has heretofore been left to outsiders, who were not under the official obligations imposed by the Trans portation Act, the main purpose of which is to prevent railway strikes and protect the public from their dire effects. Passage Referred To. "One of the passages referred to is as follows: "The transportation Act aimed to substitute for the strike such Just and reasonable wages as would render resort to a strike unnecessary. If this tribunal created to determine such wages admits that under existing circumstances it cannot fulfil this function, obviously the employes must use such power as they have to Influence the labor market which Is henceforth to be the determining factor in their wages. "That Is to say, if the board makes euch admission, the employes must strike. . "Then tha dissenting members proceed to remove the 'if and to assert that the board has made the admission which renders a strike necessary. ; "Not only do the minority step down from the judicial position, which they occupy to advise a strike, but they obviously distort and misconstrue the language of the majority in order to provide the condition which they pronounce a justification. ; "This is not the only place In the dis senting opinion where the suggestion is made to tne employes to strike. As a matter of fact the entire dissenting opinion constitutes a strained and exaggerated effort to inflame the employes by the belief that they have been grossly outraged by this decision. Say Cut Conservative "A fair statement of . the facts will convince any disinterested man that no injustice has been done to the employes by the present decision and that the decrease in their wages is conservative and is based upon the law and the evidence." Declaring that the minority savagely attacked statements quoted from former decisions by the board. In which "relevant circumstances referred to in the transportation act were considered in wage increases, the majority members asserted that "it would ap pear tnat the relevant circumstances' were to be considered by the present dissenting members in relation only to wage increases, but not decreases. The statement then went into the controversy over theoretical living

standards and the minority's charges that the year 1917 was an unfair year to adopt as a basis or a starting point in the consideration of wages of railway labor. - "The dissenters are well aware that the wage reports of this board have begun with the year 1917 and both of them have twice concurred in this arrangement," the statement continued. Statistics from the Bureau of Labor and the Interstate Commerce Commission on living costs and standards in 1915, a year which the dissenters ay (Continued on Page Ten)