Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 92, Number 141, 14 June 1922 — Page 2

PAGE TWO

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, RICHMOND, IND., WEDNESDAY, JUNE 14, 1922.

AUDITORIUM SOUNDS HEARD BETTER WITH WOMEN 111 AUDIENCE

By Associated Press) CHICAGO, TH., June 14. Women's modes have a direct effect on auditorium acoustics, according to Prof. F. R. Watson of the department of physics of the University of Illinois.

"Speakers and singers can be heard

more easily -when their audience 13

composed chiefly of women than

when it is preponderated masculine" he said. "This, is because women, as

experiments have shown, absorb more

sound than men, owing to the clothing worn." i

Prof. Watson, who analyzed the acoustic properties of the Municipal

Pier here, and whose recommenda

tions for improvements were adopted

by the city authorities, has devised

an instrument that simplifies acoustic

analysis. It is an arc-light reflector.

which sends its hissing together with

a beam of light ta Inaccessible ceiling surfaces to determine the . presence and paths of . any echoes. As the sounds and the light take the same

path, the light indicates the point In;

the ceiling surface where the sound; strikes, and the angle of sound reflec-j tion is then mathematically computed. ': . . t . . i i, . i

a Bianaara organ pipe is uiuwu anu the time taken for the sound to die out is measured with a stop-watch. Walls Cause Trouble "The usual trouble in an auditorium," said Prof. Watson, "results from the fact that the walls do not absorb sound to any great extent, and consequently the word uttered by the speaker takes a long time to die out. In the mean time other words are spoken that become confused with the sound of the first words. In some cases

curved walls produce echoes and con-j centrate the sound in unexpected ways. Sound-absorbing materials are the usual corrective; cushions in the seats are quite efficient, but in some cases hair felt should be placed on the walls. The amount of felt needed is readily calculated from the acoustic properties of the room. "In a small room there is almost never any difficulty, but in .large rooms the troubles increase, so that it is necessary to add sound absorbing materials in addition to the natural furnishings. The closer the walls are to each other, the more numerous are the reflections of sound per second, and the more rapid is the absorption of sound. "Sound travels from a speaker at the rate of about a fifth of a mile a second. It Is reflected from the walls of a room and very rapidly fills the entire volume. Because its action is a mystery to many laymen, though the theory has been caiefully worked out by -scientists, wrong ideas have grown up about acoustics. "For example, as much as seven miles of wire haS been strung in an auditorium although wires as a prac

tical corrective for acoustic difficul

ties are useless.

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Keeping Books in Condition By FREDERIC J. HASK1N

raper where tne dook is sewea 10-

ether. Books of this grade and popu

larity have a short, intense career

and are discarded when they can no longer be repaired. Preserving Newspapers. How to preserve newspapers is a

more difficult problem. The NewYork public library has bit on a plan which it regards as satisfactory. Each page of news print in a bound volume is enclosed in thin Japanese tissue.

To prepare one volume of a newspaper, containing only a month's is

sues, by this method costs J45. But with an eye to the future, when the newspapers of today will be valuable old historic documents, the New, York library is using this tissue for current, newly bound papers. The library of congress does not po to this expense and labor in keeping its great collection of newspapers. There is an extremely fine grade of tissue, called crepeline, that is used on important papers to keep them from falling apart, and the library of congress has used this material on one or two volumes of its oldest newspapers. Great skill Is required in applying this crepeline to a sheet of paper. The material is a sort of chiffon, a

mixture of silk and mercerized cotton so filmy that it Is almost transparent. The page that is to be preserved with the tissue is first treated with a fine flour and water paste. The paste must be exactly the right grade,

genial atmosphere of the stacks any survivors would soon die. The cockroach is the only Insect that has ever annoyed the library officials by insistent vitality. At one time cockroaches got into some of the books and developed an enormous ap

petite for the glaze in the buckram

covers. They also ate the gold off

the titles and decorations because of the albumen it contained. The library got rid of these expensive boarders,

however, and now it uses a kind of buckram that is guaranteed to offer

no attraction to insects. The weather, insects, action of sun-

lfght, and dust, are all guarded against

in the government's big book collection. Only the human element the

wear and tear of handling the books defies regulation.

Expect 3,000 Delegates To C. . Convention (By Associated Press) AKRON, Ohio, June 14. Plans have

been made for the entertainment of

8,000 delegates who are expected to attend the annual state convention of the Ohio Christian Endeavor Union here June 27 to 30. According to present plans the convention speakers will Include Francis E. Clark, Boston, founder of Christian Endeavor, and possibly Senator Frank B. Willis of Ohio. It is expected to be the largest convention held in Akron thi3 year.

NEW REDUCTIONS LIKELY IN NAVY YARDS BY JULY 1 WASHINGTON. June 14. Warning of impending further reductions in civilian personnel at navy yards and

Bnore stations alter July 1, next, was given by Acting Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt in a notice telegraphed to

day to all yards and stations and ordered posted on bulletin boards.

WASHINGTON, June 14. Bookbinding standards are changing. The old belief that leather is the only worthy and durable binding for a good book is now almost discounted. Libraries no longer add regularly to their rows of old volumes bound Jn aristocratic red and brown leather.

Buckram, utilitarian and unromantic, is supplanting morocco and calf.

The library of congress, which binds 30,000 volumes a year for its own shelves, says that this is a natural development of our large scale of civilization. When leather was 'prepared by hand by European craftsmen, it was undoubatdly a material of great lasting qualities. But now factory methods prevail, and leather is efficiently tanned with acids.. This process does not affect shoes, purses and other articles that are expected to last only a few years at most. But when it comes to a valuable book that counts its lifetime by decades and centuries, an acid-tanned leather is

in for an endurance test that it can not be expected to stand. This development has contributed to the rise of buckram. This material is said to outlast the modern acid tanned leather, and it is even contended that it will wear longer than the old hand prepared, acid-free leathers. It will be some time before this point is settled, because buckram has been in use only about 25 years, and a fine grade of old leather has been known to stand more than two centuries of wear. For a few years, the library of congress has been able to get acid free leather for some of its valuable books. Strangely enough, it is not the latest magic of science which is making this possible. The leather 13 obtained from savages of Africa who prepare the skins of the Niger goat by some crude native process. This leather is in demand for old and heavy books. Buskram, however, is being used to bind even important

collections of documents in the library of congress. A trip through the stacks in the manuscripts division shows long series of volumes encased

in olive green, brown, or gray buckram covers, with panels of leather of the same color decorating the backs and

forming a dark background for the gold lettering of the titles. Library Binds Books. This library, with the country's largest collection of book3 to keep in

order, attempts to solve most of its own bookbinding and repairing questions. Old volumes cracking with age and new paper-covered additions to the shelves are bound in the big library building by a force of workers detailed from the government printing office. Few visitors know of the existence

of the library's book-bindery, bidden away in the basement in long rooms opening off a red and white corridor. Here 70 people work at an endless job of book-binding. There are nearly 3.000,000 books in the government's library and about 100,000 new books

ana pampnicts come in every year. Many of the new works have only flimsy paper covers, and all of these must be either put in envelopes or serviceably bound. Then there are 150 volumes of newspapers to be collected in huge tomes every month, and besides all this there is a cons

tant stream of worn books to be re

paired

The book bindery merely tries to

keep from being swamped. It can not accomplish nearly all the work it would like to do if appropriations permitted. Some year the superintendent of the division hopes to have a sufficiently larsre aDnronriatinn on

that he can conduct a grand overhauling and see that every book on the shelves is in first class condition. But that is only one of the castles in

RUSH TO CELEBRATE WITHjOO-LB. CAKE RUSHVULE, Ind., June 14. A 500pound birthday cake has been baked for Rush county's centennial celebration, and is on display in the window of the bakery where it was made. The cake is composed of four layers, each about a foot thick and is 42 by 30 inches in size. It will serve 4,000 per

sons and will be cut Thursday afternoon.

, me cuiueciiuu wuiui is a. nuji laic and the big camels' hair brush must and cost 35 cents a pound used tne lay it over the paper so that no bru6h i followiner quantities of materies: susr-

ar- for icing, 131 pounds; sugar in

cake, 90 pounds; eggs, 60 pounds; flour, 60 pounds; butter, 50 pounds; milk, 30 pounds; currants, 48 pounds; raisins, 30 pounds; figs, 18 pounds; citron, 18 pounds. A hundred candles for the cake were contributed by Mrs. Alice McMillen of Indianapolis, great granddaughter of William Laughlin, founder of Rushville.

PICTURE OF WEALTH

FADES AT NEWCASTLE NEWCASTLE, Ind., June 14. A promising romance was shattered here

when a marriage license was refused to Esther Stewart, of Denton, Kans., and Cecil Thomas, of Newcastle. On appeal to Judge Gause the refusal was sustained. Miss Stewart, who is not yet 18, and who came to this city about

two weeks after graduation from high school, obtained Thomas's name from a package of butter in which it had been placed by a friend. A correspondence was started, and Thomas's picture of his affluence encouraged the girl's infatuation, which finally

resulted in the girl's trip to this city. Contrary to his statements, how

ever, the intended groom was found to be less affluent than had been expected. Miss Stewart, on the other hand, will become the owner of $6,000 to $8,000 worth of property on coming of age this summer.

University Students Aid In Platting 20-Mde Road (By Associated Press) ERONTON. Ohio. June 14. Fifty

Ohio State university engineering college students are here working In con

junction with Lawrence county surveyors in platting a 20-mlle stretch of the Black Fork road, which is to be Improved. The students will camp at various places along the road as the work proceeds. Their expenses are to be paid by the county, and the only compensation they will receive will be the experience.

marks are left, and so that the coating is absolutely smooth. Then the crepeline is laid smoothly, on top and the page is put under heavy pressure between parafine sheets. The paste is taken up by the parafine, but enough is left to fasten the threads of the tissue to the paper. The agreement of secrecy of the Continental Congress and the only surviving draft of the Declaration of Independence are among the documents that the library of congress has preserved with this transparent covering. Carina: for the, government's col-

f Vinnlre nnrt Tu nprl Includes

I ST V L1JU t , - - not only the rebinding and repairing of them when necessary, but also

keeping them clean. The task of dusting so large a collection may be Imagined from the fact that it takes a man with a vacuum cleaner a month to clean the books on one deck of a stack. To make the round of the stacks in the building at this rate would take three years.

Books in this library do not collect

MABEL NORMAND SAILS NEW YORK, June 14. Mabel Normand, film' star, left for London yesterday on the Aquitania. "Plpiise don't discuss that." she said

when mention was made of the case of J William Desmond Taylor, movie direc- j tor murdered in his Los Angeles home j snma mnnths ncn "T'v hppn rrmnine

away from it for months," she said.

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the air which government chiefs and I dust BO rapidly as books on shelves

supervisors like to build. There is scant prospect of any extra sized appropriations from congress for patching up books that are unobtrusively disintergrating on library shelves. The binders in the library shop do thorough work. Cover boards are laced Into each volume, making the binding part of the book, and not merely a glued on covering. The bindings in heavy books are reinforced with a cloth Joint. The library workers can replace a cheap, worn out cover by a durable one, but they are practically helpless before the inferior grades of paper on which the cheaper modern books are

printed. Some of the popular novels go to pieces like the "one-hoss shay" of Holmes' poem. Not only to the covers wear out, but the paper edges

tear, and the threads cut through the

in a home. The stacks are as nearly dust proof and damp proof aa possible. Windows in the stacks are never opened. A ventilating system keeps the air fresh. Because of the dryness, the library has no trouble with ants nor bookworms. Insects of this sort sometimes get into imported books, especially when they are brought over in the hold of a ship, but such books are generally disinfected before being placed on file and in the dry and uncon-

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