Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 92, Number 125, 26 May 1922 — Page 7

Lincoln Memorial Dedication By FREDERIC 4. HASKIN

WASHINGTON, D. C. May 26. i The 30th of May this year will be marked by a ceremony of Interest to the whole nation, and one unique In the history of the United States. When the Lincoln Memorial here is dedicated on that date the President of the United States, two former presidents, and the sdns of still two other former Presidents, will be present. President Harding, William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson, will take part in the ceremonies. There will also be present Robert Lincoln, son of the great Lincoln, and Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt, son of the illustrious man of the same name who occupied

the White House for almost two

terms.

Beyond all Questions, the Lincoln

Memorial is the most beautiful work I in marble ever undertaken on this! side of the world. It will take rank! with the Library of Congress, the Washington Monument, the White House, and the Capitol as a point of interest for visitors to Washington in the future. Immediately upon entering the main portal the heroic statute of Lincoln is seen. The figure is seated but because of its enormous proportions it is 22 feet high. It is the work of Daniel Chester French, noted American sculptor. Had Mr. French elected to portray Lincoln standing, the figure would have towered 38 feet in the air. The marble for the statue was brought from ' Georgia, and in the rough weighed no less than 427 tons. Twenty-eight great blocks of this fine grade of stone were used, and in the

completed statue weight 175 tons. The sections of the statue were cut in the marble in the yards of the six Plccir-

illi brothers in New York City. A score of marble cutters were kept busy, for 18 months completing the

Washington m sections.

The model made by Mr. French, was 'only five feet high. From this

perfected piece of sculpture, the mar

ble cutting art made possible the

enormously enlarged marble replica. Some Remarkable Paintings

The great seated figure is, of course.

the main point of interest in the M

mortal. Next to it rank the paintings

by Jules Guerin, of St. Louis, one of

America's foremost painters. Mr.

Guerin for some years past has made

his home in New York, and the paint

ings for the memorial were done in his studio there. , In keeping with the heroic proportions of the Lincoln statue, it is interesting to note that the canvas alone for each of the paintings, which are 60 feet long and 12 feet high, weighed

300 pounds when work on them was commenced. They are hung 30 feet above the floor of the Memorial The finishing of these paintings required twice as long as the business of cutting the marble blocks into a finished statue. For three long yeara Guerin worked in his New York studio before the result was satisfactory to him. The titles of the two pictures are "Emancipation" and "Re-union." Four human figures appear in the paintings, which from a mechanical standDoint are made to endure for

centuries without cracking or having the paint crumble. Mr. Guerin mixed his pigments with kerosene and white wax in order to guard against deterioration. There are but two other main decorative features of the Memorial. The

first is the famous Gettysburg address of Lincoln, the other his second inau

gural address. ,Both of these are carved on tablets of the same sort of marble that is used in the statue and its base.

Henry Bacon was the architect of

the Lincoln Memorial. He, too, although a native of Illinois, now make3

his home in New York. Tne nrst

work on the Memorial and the general

design of the whole was left to his capable hands.

The Memorial cast all told $3,000,-,

000. Of this amount the architect received 1125,000, the sculptor $85,000, and the artist $45,000. The remainder of the sum was spent in actual con

struction of the edifice, the approach

es to it, and the reflecting pool to the

east of the "building.

The Memorial is located on the axis of the Capitol and the Washington Monument, in accordance with the early plans for making and keeping the Capitol a place of beauty. A stone's throw to the west of the building is the Potomac River. The business of erecting this newest shrine of beauty in Washington has been going forward constantly since February 12, 1914, when Mr.

Taft, then president of the Lincoln Memorial Commission, turned the first spadeful of earth on the site. The very foundation of the Memorial Is of interest from a scientific point of view. Instead of the ordinary excavation, 122 steel cylinders were driven down through the earth until each one reached and rested on bedrock. ..These cylinders were driven down by blocks of concrete weighing 30 tons, much as wooden piles are driven

into the ground. The cylinders then

were filled with concrete. A year was occupied with this part of the workJ This time was sufficient to complete not only the underground part of the foundation, but 45 feet of it which rises above the surrounding ground level. For this Colorado-Yale marble obtained 8,000 feet above sea level was used. By filling in with earth, the group was brought up to the top of the foundation level, placing the structure at the top of a gently sloping artificial hill. The roof of the Memorial Is an in

teresting departure in such construction. It is of marble cut in slabs five feet long, three feet wide, and only three-eights of an inch thick. Through this the sunlight easily enters, softened and diffused. This was an experi ment, but proved to be a highly sue? cessful one. The 36 marble pillars surrounding

the building on the outside are sym-Tfcs a great Greek temple with the

bol3 of the states of the Union at the

time of LIncolns death. Above this colonnade, at regular intervals, are 48 memorial festoons, representing the states of the Union today. The columns around the outside of the building are 44 feet high, and seven feet in diameter. The columns inside

are 50 feet high, and five and a half feet in thickness. The Lincoln Memorial is already popular as one of the Capital's out

standing beauty spots. On sunny afternoons the roads which offer changing views of it are thronged with sight-seers. From the city it appears

Potomac, the Virginia hills, and glimpses of Arlington as a classic back

ground. THIS triDUte to me vret.r waou.mgi.on, ana in iuiure iuc i"" Emancipator is a fitting companion J will share in the homage of patriotic piece to the nearby Monument to I pilgrims.

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