Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 92, Number 17, 20 January 1922 — Page 10

PAGE TEN

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, RICHMOND, IND., FRIDAY, JAN. 20, 1922.

EFFICACY OF MODERN LEARNING METHODS QUESTIONED IN TALK

(By Associated Press) BLOOMINGTON, Ind., Jan. 20. Humorously questioning the efficacy of modern educational method3 Prof. Henry W. Ballantine of the IJniversity of Minnesota propounded the question: "Is it the fault of our present day methods that the student loses incentive to original, spontaneous thought, meditation and study?" Prof. Ballantine's remarks on processes of education prefaced his address on "The Supremacy o the Law," delivered at the Indiana university celebr.ilion of Foundation Day, this being the

102nd anniversary of the establish-! ment of the school. Pioneers In education might be dismayed. Prof. Ballantine said, to find that for the three Rs had been substituted the three L's, "to live, to love and to loaf." He added that "if the slogan of the French Republic is liberty, equality and' fraternity that of the modern college may appear to ba liberty, fraternity and sorority, or perhaps, fraternity, fox trot and football." Lazy Cultivation. "We have in our lecture and text book systems," said Prof. Ballantine, "more or less of what may be described as the barber chair and manicure method of education by which the student is allowed to stretch out and have his mind cultivated with little or no effort on his part. Some students regard college courses like mumps, measles, scarlet" fever and whooping cough. You have them once and then you are through."

Criticism of the legal profession and j lack of confidence In the lawyers and ;

the courts Prof. Ballantine attributed to the poor training and low ideals of some lawyers at the bar. He pointed out that the study of law should fit lawyers to become leaders in public movements and that "lawyers should loyally defend private rights, but also should regard themselves as champions of the public welfare permanently retained in the causes of liberty and justice." Entering into a discussion of the

fupremaey of law over executive andi military power Prof. Ballantine said that the phrase "supremacy of law" may be used to refer "to the substitu

tion of reason for force, the adjustments of all conflicts of interest according to reason as adjudicated by impartial tribunals and the prohibition of violence and direct action to attain one's end."

F. W. 'Weldon Buys Reed Furniture Store

A tf I t - A

F. W. Weldon

The Reed furniture store, Tenth and Main streets, has been purchased hither Weldon Furniture company of this city, says an announcement by Fred W. Weldon, its general manager and majority stockholder, Friday. The Weldon company is a closed corporation, incorporation for$30,00Q, and the sole owners are Mr. Weldon, Isaac Craft and George F. Pentecost. The business was sold for a cash consideration, says the statement. The employes of the former Reed store will be retained by-the new management. Mr. Weldon, who is a resident of Richmond, besides being general manager, is secretary-treasurer. He is a retail furniture and home furnishing dealer, having been engaged in this

than 20 years in

business for more

Indiana cities.

Isaac Craft, president of tlu; com

pany, is a native or a yuaicer seiuement in Parke county. Among his early teachers were David Dennis and Mattie Curl Dennis. Among his other Indiana interests are publishing, tt-i.Aioia q ti t voiQil fctntifiriprv and

office supplies, and a wholesale and re

tail hardware business in terre tiauie. Mr. Pentecost, vice-president, was reared on a farm near Indianapolis. At the age of 16 he moved to Kokomo with his widowed mother, accepting employment in a hardware store, leaving in 1908 to engage in the wholesale and retail business in Terre Haute with Mr. Craft. The policy of the firm will be to sell its merchandise for cash and on terms of credit, said Mr. Weldon.

In his head. So there are few protests from prisoners." i You might think that the ex-prisoner would expose bad conditions. Dr. Dudding explains that the ex-prisoner is a "jailbird." His record is against him. He would have a hard time establishing a case against county officials. The few well-to-do men who infrequently get put into jail do not make complains because they do not as a rule see conditions at their worst. Money will do more in a jail than in a penitentiary. The inmate can generally get luxuries if he can pay, and the man of means does pay. This privilege of spending money has been attacked 'as unfair to prisoners who cannot buy luxuries. According to Dr. Dudding, however, the poor men in a jail are glad to see a wealthy man come to join them, because his coming means that they will benefit. Generosity blossoms out in such in

stitutions, where there is much time

for thought, and little things become

unusually important. Newspapers, tobacco, fruit, and books bought by the affluent prisoner are passed around.'

One millionaire who was in a local jail for three months awaiting trial for a large financial theft is said to have spent about J1.000 a day on himself and his neighbors during that time. This amount of spending is unusual, it is true. But the wealthy man in jail can dispose of more money than most people would imagine. Money Helps If he hae wealth and position a prisoner does not undergo the hardships of ordinary jail life. Even if he did

j not spend much money, he would be

. maue comiorxaDie, since oinerwise ne j would undoubtedly make trouble afteri wards. The wealthy man who has

served his jail term somehow generally manages to keep his social status. He is still a power to be recognized, though he is a jailbird. Then, too, such a man is most apt

to be held in a city jail, where as a rule there is better management than in rural districts. , City institutions are visited by many people, whereas a rural jail often is not. Dr. Dudding finds that people who go to inspect conditions do not, unless ttiey are experienced, see the bad side of jail management. If they write

ahead to make an appointment, the off

icials are warned, and the place is

Our Medieval Jails By FREDERICK J. HASKIN

Finish Auditing Books of Insurance Company William Lewis, of Williamsburg, andWalter Ratliff, of Richmond, have just finished auditing the books of the Brethren Tri-county Insurance company, of Wayne, Fayette and Unioc counties. The work was done at Hi?erstown, over $15,000,000 in accounts being handled by them In a day's time, they said. Mr. Ratliff and Mr. Lewis are the official auditors of the company.

WASHINGTON, D. C, Jan. 20. "Out of 200 county jails recently visited, only 10 were fit for human occupation." This is the report just sent by Mrs. H. S. Mclntire, secretary of the Prisoners' Relief society, after a trip from this city to Seattle, in which she visited some 200 jails in order to observe conditions. MrsfS Mclntire found the majority of the institutions dirty and unhealthy, and graft rampant. The prisoner who sends out for a quart of milk is apt to

have to pay 25 cents, and the change j

goes to the jailer or whoever does the errand. Vermin of all sorts are the rule, rather than the exception in county jails, we are told. Disinfectants, sanitary precautions in case of

illness, clean kitchens, are luxuries

which seem to have no place in the average jail. In fact, the county jail, as it is now conducted, is one of the worst evils in the country, according to Earl Dudding, head of the Prisoners' Relief society. "Very little is heard about bad jail conditions," Dr. Dudding says, "because few attacks are made against the system or against individual institutions. Inmates do not dare to protest against unfair treatment. I know of a case in which a man who fell ill aked for a doctor. The request was refused. When he insisted he was knocked unconscious and allowed to lie on the floor all night with a wound

cleaned up when they arrive. Officials pilot them over the buildings and point out the excellent order and the cheerful prisoners. The visitors may be asked if thsy wish to talk with the inmates; but with a guard present, such a conversation is not revealing. For a prisoner to complain of the food or to remark that the table dishes had been washed

that day for the first time in a week, could obviously result only in denial by the officials and hard treatment for the unfortunates who protested. The prisoners know this and they do not complain on such occasions. When Dr. Dudding pointed out conditions in one jail in a nearby stats, his accusation axoused the country to action. A grand juryman came to Washington to talk over the situation. "Go out there and see for yourself," Dudding told him. "But when you go insist on the officials staying out and letting you go in alone. .The men will then tell you exactly what I have, and show you proofs." Dirty bedding, dirty clothing, bad

ventilation, rats, vermin and poor food

sound like medieval prison conditions but they are not the root evil. Dr. Dudding explains. A great part of jail discomfort is attributed by him and by others acquainted with thi situation to the fee system. The Fee System. , The fee system works this way: For every inmate in a jail the jailev receives from the county treasury a sum for food and such clothing and necessities as may be called for. The amount varies widely in different states and counties. It may be said, roughly to average 50 cents a day per person". The jailer is generally paid a small salary, and if anything can be saved out of the expenses of the prisoners he can pocket it. Thus, if he can feed his boarders on beans, bacon, and potatoes for 12

I cents a day and save more than 30 i cents a head, he sometimes succumbs

to the temptation of making this much profit, regardless of the health of the

men who are dependent on him. This- J

profit, whatever it is, the jailer may divide with the sheriff who gave him his political appointment. Dr. Dudding says that when crime Is dull, and a jail is empty, it is not an unknown practice for a sheriff to speak to special detectives on the rail

roads about the hard times. If the detectives are amenable to the suggestion, they will take extra trouble to hunt out all the hoboes thoy can find for a few days and send them to fill up the jail. Every boarder at the institution means, of course, 20 cents a day, or whatever can be saved out of the expense money, to the jailer. Politics, too, play a part in jail administration. The sheriff is elected. He appounts a county jailer, and as

is always true where political appointments are made, sometimes a man is selected who is not known for executive ability or honesty. So graft sometimes creeps in.' Personal belongings of prisoners,

such as watches, knives and wallets, are taken, from them when they wear jail clothing. We are told that in some places the jailer does not consider it necessary to return these articles when the man is released. One prisoner who was transferred to a penitentiary was refused $12 left in his pocket when he entered jail to await trial. The prisoner was helpless. The superintendent of the peni-

j lentiary learned of the instance, how

ever, ana wrote a letter which brought the $12 by return mail. So long as the fee system and politics are associated with our innumer

able county jails, the situation can not be much improved, Dr. Dudding believes. Here and there where investigations are held or officials are honest and take a personal interest in the welfare of their charges, there are

jails which are "fit for human beings to live in." The remedy, according to Dr. Dudding, is to make jail officials civil service appointees. He thinks that it the federal government were to supervise thgse institutions and inspect them rigorously once a month, conditions would be bound to improve. The next best thing would be state control of the county institutions for prisoners. This would be easier to bring about than federal control. Dr. Dudding also thinks that by limiting jail officials to fixed salaries, of reasonable size, and by having a strict system of accounts and supervision, our medieval jails could be made considerably up-to-date.

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