Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 46, Number 266, 19 September 1921 — Page 14

AGE FOURTEEN

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, RICHMOND, IND., MONDAY, SEPT. 19, 1921.

GREWSOME CONDITIONS IN FAMINE DISTRICTS REPORTED BY FRIENDS

The area involved Includes the whole of the Volga valley from Kazan to Astrakan. normally the bread pro3uclng district not only for the rest af European Russia but for many other parts of the world, according to reports of Friends representatives The report follows in part: "The conditions In Siberia and southwestern Russia are better, while in the immediate vicinity of Moscow there has been an excellent yield, but in the first instance the matter or transportation is tedious and uncerlain, and in the last two the supply Ih not exnected to meet the local de

mand. Figures vary widely and wildly, but 14.000.000 people are said (in an official report to one of the

Moscow newspapers) to be unable to txlat over the next winter without sovernment or foreign aid. "Recently returned travellers bring jrewsome stories of conditions al--eady prevalent in the Volga district. Railroad stations are massed with jeople, some fleeing from the cities :o the country in the hope of finding remnants of bread there; others leaving the starving villages for what :hey hope to find the more food-favor-?d city centres. "War-time refugee situations are developing; children left orphans by the death or wilful desertion of their par-

snts, cholera and typhus becoming endemic along the main routes o :ravel, (reported outbreaks of the black plague have, not been well authenticated . neonle eating grass when

their provisions for the journey to Siberia had been devoured before the frival of the train to take them there. Trying to Meet Situation "The Russian government is trying Lo cope with the situation. Among other measures they are endeavoring to send the inhabitants of the famine districts into more favored localities. Institutions for orphans and refugees and sanatoria, many of which had been located in the famine area because of its usual productivity, are to be evacuated in regularly organized trains to the central and northern narts of Russia and to Siberia. Vari

ous citie3 have offered to receive varying numbers of these children. Moscow already has over 400 of them. "Abut 60 trains have now been fquipped with kitchens and supplies to run with emlgrees from Saratof, Samara. Kazan and other Volga cities to Tashkent and Siberia, each train carrying some 500 people and making the trip in about 10 days. "In addition to this attempt at organized evacution there is a tremendous amount of individual flight. As result of so much movement along the main travel routes special base3 af food and medical relief are to be established at the larger railroad Junctures. A provision train (with

kitchens) capable of feeding 5,000 children a day is already established st Samara, and a smaller one a Kazan. Others will soon be operating at Orenburg. Simbirsk, Chiliabinsk, ind Omsk. "The local committees arrange for the distribution of the food, usually from tents adjacent to the trains, nath and laundry trains, formerly devoted to the army, are to be sent to the same places in order to prevent, if possible, the spread of typhus and rrther diseases. Refugees are to be bathed and their - clothes, if vermininfected, to be burned. "These plans unfortunately will be greatly affected by the lack of new clothing to provide people, as all reports from the provinces show that to be one of the greatest needs. Yesterday's paper stated that 100,000 sets of underwear were immediately re

quired for adults and that there was absolutely no children's underwear available for this very laudable purpose. "Anyone who saw how typhus crawled along the railroad line across Siberia and was almost unheard of in no-travel haunted neighborhoods will heartily encourage the attempt to delouse refugees at every station where the train stops long enough to do so. "Food is, of course, obviously the

greatest need of all. Especially ce

reals are required, as the Russian peasant is more dependent on bread than one unacquainted with him can

Imagine. Soap is often overlooked

as a relief commodity, but it is very lacking here now, and I believe we have been more thanked by children, their parents and teachers for it than Tor any other one thing. "Medicines we have already telegraphed for, and the diseases we are likely to meet are best combatted by

other means. Agateware bowls for feeding children and large iron kettles for cooking purposes are badly needed. "They could be used to the greatest number possible, as all household utensils are unbelievably scarce. The infection caused by the use of wooden spoons and bowl3 and by several persons' use of the same utensil at the same time is obvious but almost unavoidable."

THE FASTEST LOCOMOTIVE IN THE WORLD , vg

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In others there are two rooms, one for the pigs and cow. There is one note about the peasant cottages, and that is, no matter bow noor and dirty, the innate love of

beauty demonstrates itself in windows of blooming flowers. One hardly sees a peasant or in fact any other home in the whole country, that is without its blooming plants. And no matter how poor and " squalid the cabin, its

barrenness is, almost certain to De

softened with vines and shrubbery planted close around it, as a screen to protect its misery. ' .' Go Wild Over Music Their religion 'is the most vital

The engine "Queen Philippe ready for one of her runs. It is claimed that the two Great Western trains which ru between Bristol and London, England, are the fastest trains in the world makinelong- runs. They have been timed traveling the 90.9 miles between Bedmintona and Southall in 87 minutes. Over a portion of this distance, between Badmintona and Wooton-Bessett, the trains cover 17 miles in 13 minutes, a speed of 78.5 miles an hour. The photo above shows the "Queen Philippa," used for one of these runs.

would not find it necessary to secure leased territories in which to engage in the commerce so necessary to our growing population." - - - . Western Influence Cited He insisted, so far as the interior of China was concerned, that western

lands had one great advantage over Japan because of the rights accorded Christian missionaries, w ho, he said, spread the influence of the west, in

cluding the United . States, while the Japanese, as a non-Christian people, have no missionary privileges. As an indication of Japan's good faith, he

.cited the action of the country in

turning over-to the Chinese consor-

Study of lightning shows that loamy soil is struck most frequently.

. . Virtually every commonwealth in the United States has a different method of examination through whicii permits to operate a motor vehicle are granted.

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BAND INSTRUMENTS

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Opp. Post Offics

Phone 1655

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thing in me lives oi me peasants, auu tjUm previously, acquired loan rights their church the center of their exist- in Manchuria, and Mongolia, while the

ence. un sunaay iney arees ia uicn vivid stripes (even the men wear

Europe, Trying to Make Herself

Over, Looks to U. S. For Food "Hoover Next to God" Say Poles Long Lines of Children

Await Chance at Daily Ration Soldiers Attend Church in Regiments at a Time.

brilliantly striped trousers) and go to church. After service they stand around outside to chat, like a gayly bedecked opera chorus. And speaking of opera, last night I went to grand opera, by way of contrast. It was all Polish. The people are music mad. We had a box at a cost of $2 in American value. Dur

ing the acts everybody sat perfectly

quiet; nobody was willing to miss a I

note by applauding. But at the end:

For fully fifteen minutes after the final

curtain the audience stood in 'he aisles, cheering until the walls rang with the echo. The more enthusiastic

crowded to the footlights and the women tore off their flowers to throw

on the-stage. It was not what could i

be called a dressed up crowd.

BETTY BLYTHE It's an interesting thing to be in Europe at this time when the old world is trying to make itself over

according to the new peace map. But the pity and misery of it all is beyond the telling. Europe is today in that situation known as being all dressed up with no place to go. And, like confident children, the Central Europeans are keeping a lookout on your Uncle Sam. In a way, no one can much blame Europe for this faith in the United States. Has it not kept Europe alive for the last six years? Would not the nations of Central Europe perish today were it not for her food?

"Hoover stands next: to God," I

have heard over and over again here in Poland. In public places and homes his picture is pinned to the wall. The children sing songs about him and municipalities celebrate Hoover day with magnificent ceremonies, begin

ning with celebration of mass, and processions of children and general fete. Certainly it gives one a thrill to reflect what ties of friendship will bind these millions of little ones to the

land that saved them from perishing. Although the actual work of feeding the children is done under Polish auspices, (the policy i3 to leave the Polish committee in charge when the American relief administration withdraws), they are fed under the Stars and Stripes. They know that the food Is the gift of the people of America to them. It makes me fairly sick to think of the long lines of children; I shall never be able to forget them. Each child carries an old coffee pot or pan, or perhaps a big cup. They can hardly restrain their impatience. But what of Poland? Nobody can tell you about Poland. The sort of thing here is what you have to see for yourself.

Warsaw is Like Nightmare Warsaw, Poland's capital, offers to

the new arrival a spectacle so extraordinary that it seems at first to be the fantasy of some horrid nightmare. Visualize if you can one of the great European capitals with streets full of people who appear at first appalled by glance, to be clothed mostly in patches; barefoot women, women who wear no hats, but have shawls over their head. Or, again the shawl is tied around the mother's waist to support her baby, since that is the

way their carry their children. Their hands are thus left free to carry other

Duraens. Weaving in and out of the throngs are seen women with huge sacks tied on their backs and bent double from

tneir weight, on every corner are old men and women holding out their hand3 for charity. Seems Like Movie Scene. Can this be a stage set for a "movie" picture, is the thought uppermost as one gazes at the scene surely it cannot be real life. And in what was

formerly one of the gayest capitals of Europe.

And then out of the drab blur of

poverty other facts and impressions

latest proposals regarding Shantung, which also figured in the 21 demands agreement, showed Japan was reasonable. He declared that if China declined

to enter negotiations with Japan over

Shantung, Japan iwould certainly re fuse to discuss Shantung "at Washington Or anywhere else."

JAPAN SHOULD HOLD

TO 21 DEMANDS, SAYS OPPOSITION LEADER

(By Associated Press) TOKIO, Sept. ,19 Japan should adhere to the 21 demands she sent to

Expect Bate to Attend Conference on New Laws It is probable that Superintendent W. G. Bate, of the Richmond public schools, will attend the conference called by L. N. Hines, state superintendent of public instruction, for

school officials of the Sixth district, to discuss new school . laws. The meeting is to be held in Connersville, Tuesday. Providing Superintendent Bate does not attend -the meeting

Tuesday, he probably will attend another one to be held Jn Winchester, Wednesday.

cry for help. Nowhere have the fires

of nationalism burned so unmienrh

ably. Through persistent persecution ,-f if SVX

China and should insist upon an

SONS OF VETS FORM BUGLE CORPS HERE

The Sons of Veterans are organizing

a bugle corps which promises to be

rne of the best organizations of its kind ever attempted in Richmond. The purpose of the corps is to furnish Rich

mond with an organization w hich can be called upon to play in all patriotic occasions which take place. From all indications the corps will be composed of 12 snare drums, 12 bugles, and S picolos. This will be practically the largest bugle corps ever organized in the city.

and Siberian exile, through terrible

poverty and deprivation of all administrative rights, the Poles have managed to keep the fires of national spirit flaming with a light that has attracted the sympathetic interest of the world. That is why the world is looking on in kindly spirit today, hoping that Poland will once again be able to stand proudly among the great nations yet half fearing, because the present generation has had no experience in self-government. There is genius among these neo-

iPle; will they develop it in time?

Poland Cultured Country. Through her years of repression, despite Russia's tyranny, Poland has held fast to her culture. In music, literature and art they yield to none.

i Even the children in the streets speak

more than one language. I asked a young stenographer how many "languages she spoke, and she replied

apologetically "only six. It is usual for Poles to speak French, Russian as well as his own Polish to his accomplishments. This refers, of course, to the middle and upper classes, as the peasants arc without education. Essential to Poland's economic salvation that she turn to the cultivation of her great plains; hers is an agricultural country. There her future lies. The limitless plains cannot however, be speeded to full productivity in a season. There is a scarcity of seed, fertilizer and machinery there are no horses. Return Students to Schools. As fast as possible the army is being demobilized 1 and young men (there are many boys of sixteen) who show that they are going to the farina or back to their studies, are mustered out of service. Hundreds of these

boys are seen in the fields, wearing their old uniforms, and the colleges are crowded -with them. Great num

bers owe their ability to continue i their studies to the generosity of American Students, who are providing money to give the Polish students ont: hot meal a day. It's a good meal, too, soup and huge plates of noodles and rice and bubbling hot chocolate, thickened with flour. I often, think how inadequate and unappetizing this food which provides the children and students here with their only link, with life, would seem to our American boys and girls. One acquires respect for the simplest food when seen through the perspective of

the Poles' radiant joy in what America sends them. Sad beyond words is the condition of the class termed the Intelligentsia.

This group comprises the educated people, the clergy, professional people

and owners of estates. Millions of

these people are hopelessly ruined.

Vast numbers of them exist largely on help from America. Peasants Are Content Of the peasant class we have no

equivalent. tney otten live m a

ments of that country, says a resolu

tion passed by the political committee of the Kensei-Kai, or opposition

party. M. Wakatsuki, manager of the party, and member of the Okuma cabinet, which concluded the treaty embodying the 21 demands, has issued a statement in defense of that' convention. He declares that if Japan had -territorial ambitions : she could have seized part of China during the war instead of arranging a treaty designed to secure the economic development

of China and Japan. "An ultimatum to China is unavoidable," the statement declares, "because China has cancelled matters previously agreed to. Despite the denunciation of the treaty abroad, it was the means of preserving peace in the far east." Japan Invites Inquiry

Japan in principle is ready for a complete examination of all affairs connected with China, according to Information reaching Th Associated Press. Responsible Japanese declare that all trade and other engagements or commitments are included, providing such engagements affect the interests of other powers in China. Japan is willing, it is said in the same quarter, for examination of the "21 demands" agreement provided its validity is not questioned, and argument is not raised that the treaty was con

summated by force. It is understood Japan would insist, under the provisions of that treaty, on the right to renew leases in South Manchuria. "Our great aim," said one Japanese, "is the securing of the opening of all China for trade and residence, so that our people and other peoples may do business in the interior. If China is thrown open, like Japan, to the world, this country, for one.

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emerge. Better dressed figures are ' squalor that sickens but in the main

'Ask Murder Indictment Against Arkansas Convict (By Associated Tress) PINE BLUFF, Ark., Sept. 19. The prand jury will be asked to return a first degree murder indictment against Tom Slaughters convict, who yesterday shot and killed one guard and wounded two others when he attempted to escape from the state prison farm at Tucker near here 'authorities announced today. Before being sentenced to life imprisonment for bank robbery and murder a year ago. Slaughter was wanted In Oklahoma and Pennsylvania for bknk robbery and murder.

picked out here and there and it becomes apparent, that the patches and dirt do not predominate, although they remain always, too much in evidence for the tourist's peace of mind. And the soldiers! .Young boys, many of them. How true that comedy is over close to tragedy for here is an army that seems to be uniformed in what Europe had left over. There were not enough uniforms here for the army, so a lot of extra ones were bought from France and England and even from the United States. Some have the Tolish uniform, so you can see what kind of an appear

ance the soldiers make, garbed in the blue of France or one of the khalfls of the other countries mentioned. Armies Attend Church.

lesteraay oeing a bunday i saw the soldiers coming from church. Here is a country where the whole army goes off to church as a matter of course. Regiment after . regiment marched along, with' their officers, on their way back to their barracks.' and every soldier was ringing at the top of his voice, with the officers swinging along keeping time. The Polish eagle, long forbidden, has come out of .hiding and rejoicing in freedom, greets you at every turn. The Polish national color Is a cross

between cerice and cherry; a little like the American Beauty rose. The uniforms of the officers look very" gay, touched up with this colour. Their cap bands of red proudly display the silver eagle. And the women wear silver brooches with the silver eagle on the red shield. Oh, decidedly the Polish eagle is happy in his re-established liberty nor does he care a hang w ho knows it. Unequalled in Patriotism. When it comes to patriotism well

one s hands go up into the air with a

they have enough to eat and are con

tented. I have seen many peasant cottages of one room where the chickens lived right along with the family.

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