Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 45, Number 115, 25 March 1920 — Page 1

MEOWB

PAIXABIUM

Vol. xlVmNO. 115 palladium, Est. 1831. Consolidated with 8ut'Telegram lfOT. RICHMOND, IND., THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 25, 1920 SINGLE COPY 3 CENTS

DANIELS WAS DELAY CAUSE SAYS PAPER Wartime Chief of Bureau of Navigation Says Secretary Thought Department Had Too Many Reserves. FLETCHER COURT READY

(By Associated Press' WASHINGTON, March 25. "Procrastination on the part of Secretary Daniels was responsible for a serious shortage of personnel which proved a Berious handicap to the navy in the war," Captain Leight C. Palmer, wartime chief of the bureau of navigation, testified today before the senate committee investigating the navy's conduct of the war. The navy, Captain Palmer declared, Was unable to appreciate the necessity for obtaining and training men in adVance of the declaration of war. "Too Many Reserves." L "Even after war was declared," the . Witness said, "he used to say, 'we have too nfany reserves now.' "flst before the United States joined the allies, when the bureau of navigation was striving to recruit reserves, the witness continued. Secretary Daniels ordered enrollment in the reserves stopped. "Did you stop? asked Chairman ; Hales "No, we needed tho men and went tright ahead. I talked to Mr Daniels the other day, and he does not remember anything about that," said the witnees "but he did order me to stop enrollment then and several other limes.' Others to Be Called. There were still a number of officers (called by the committee waiting to testify before Secretary Daniels and officers scheduled to defend the department's conduct of the war, appearedi WASHINGTON, March 25. The naval court of inquiry appointed to investigate the circumstances of Rear ;Admiral William B. Fletcher's removal "by Admiral Sims from command of American naval forces at Brest in October, 1917. convened today with Admiral Fletcher as the first witness. Admiral Sims and a number of witnesses for both sides later will be heard and it is expected the presentation of evidence will, require . about 10 days. Main Street is Ordered flushed; Will Take 150,000 s Gallons of City's Water For the first time in two years Main street will be given an official scrubbing. The board of works Monday instructed the street commissioner to flush Main street, North E street. Ft Wayne avenue, and other streets ;he deemed necessary, soon. Many complaints have reached officials. Officials estimate that it will take rat least 10 hours for the street department to flush the streets, and at the Tate of 250 gallons of water a minute, a total of 150,000 gallons of water ; would be consumed. Under present conditions it will be necessary for the "water to be metered so that the water fcompany can charge the city correctly. "Using 150,000 gallons at 20 cents per 1,000 gallons, the water will cost the city approximately $30. 14 Year Old Boy Held For Alleged Robbery Cecil Eversman, 14, and another boy, arrested by police Wednesday charged with breaking in and robbing the residence of David Golden, 313 North Ninth street, were bound over to the juvenile court Thursday. The boys will be arraigned within the next few days. Eversman is alleged to have taken several small articles from the Golden "home. When searched at headquarters he had a string of beads, a deck of cards, a flashlight, a skeleton key, a pack of cigarettes and $4.36 in money. iia io)m that, the beads and

money had been given him. that he njiad found the key and that his father i had given him the flashlight. Eversman says his home is in College Corner, O. The other boy was with Eversman.

William Poor, Say the Dutch. (By Associated Press) THE HAGUE, March 24. Dutch officials claiming to know the real financial condition of former Emperor William, of Germany, are greatly amused at various reports emanating from Berlin to the effect that William rrave monetary support to the reactionary revolt of March 13. "In reality the former emperor is virtually a poor man" an official told The Associated I'rss today. "There is a question whether he has enough money to pay Count Bentinck, owner of the castle at Amerongen, where William has been staying since November, 191S, what he owes him."

Would Make Fiume Republic. (By Associated Press ROME, March 25. Fiume is on the eve of momentous events, says dispatches direct from that city. Captain Gabriele D'Annunzio and the Fiuman national assembly have decided to proclaim Fiume a republic, but will probably not take this action until after the meeting of the supreme allied -.council at San Remo,. Italy, on VYS April 2L At a meeting of officers and prominent citizens Captain D'Annunzio reaffirmed his determination not to abandon the city until it was either "racially independent or a heap of

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"Watch Out, Men!" Cry

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Miss Jessie

LONDON, March 25. "There Is a sex war on, and women must look after their own interests nowadays." So says Miss Jessie Stephens, a former domestic servant and now labor councillor and poor law guardian for the London district of Bermondsey. Miss Stephens is to be one of several women candidates of the Labor party at the next general election for parliament, and she expects to win the seat assigned her to contest. She is a fearless and very capable speaker. There is certain to be a general election by May at the latest," she said, "and labor has gained such strength since the last one that I am confident we shall win at least 200 seats in the next house of commons." When Miss Stephens was asked what special privileges for women she will fight for if, and when, she can write M. P. after her name, she answered: "The special legislation which women need would make a long list. But there are two of three things which are uppermost in my mind right now. First comes mothers' pensions. I want to see a national law to that end, similar to the best state mothers' pension acts in America. Then there is the question of maternity grants. At present the law only allows thirty shillings (normally $7.50) to poor mothers. That amount doesn't even pay the doctor's bill. It must be increased."

Father Offers $25,000 For Kidnapped Boy; Nothing Heard From Kidnapper

(By Associated Press) LEXINGTON, Ky., March 25. Although R. R. Little Lexington capitalist, had announced that the demanded ransom would be paid, Paul Little, his 11-year-old son, was still a captive today of the kidnapper who lured him away late yesterday-. It was stated that the kidnapper demanded $25,000 ransom. Little announced all demands would be met, declaring: "I do not care about '$25,000 if I can get my son back safely." The boy disappeared with an unidentified white man in the late afternoon. The lad's playmates said he had told them that the man had promised him a dollar to deliver a box of candy. Threats to Kill Boy. Later, another note was delivered to the Little home by a messenger boy, but the father refused to divulge the exact contents of the message. He did admit, however, that it contained threats to kill his son if the ransom was not paid. No attempts to arrest the kidnapper would bo made, he indicated, and no questions would be asked if the boy was returned safely. It was reported today that the note to Little contained a statement to the effect that Little bad apparently inStudent Soviet Just Splash for the Faculty Folks, Says County Prosecutor's Report HAYS, Kas., March 25 The student "soviet" of the Fort Hays normal school has ceased to exist. In fact it never did exist, according to the county prosecutor, except in the mind of one of the faculty members who was made a victim of youthful exuberance and who, with two others, was ducked in a pond. This faculty member, P. Casher Harvey, so the county attorney reported to the state's attorney today, resented an implication of coercion in an "ultimatum" delivered by the student body to the effect that everyone connected with the institution would have to help lay the school running track yesterday or take a ducking. Whereupon, so the investigation disclosed. Professor Harvey and Professor James Start, with a student named Lindquist, objected to this seeming interference with personal liberty ana refused to take any part in the work. In consequence whereof there were three splashes in the pond near by and Professor Harvey, upon emerging from the water, immediately hastened to the telegraph office and informed the state board of education that the students had seized control of the in stitution, and that a virtual "soviet" was in power. And that, said the county attorney in his report, was all there was to it. The track was built the non-workers were ducked and the incident was closed officially. Balk at Car Raise; Strike? (By Associated Press) TOLEDO, O , March 25. This city today laced the prospect of another complete suspension of Btreet car service because of the ultimatum from the Toledo Railways and Light company that' the wage increase demanded 1 y the crews must be paid hy He oi blic.

of Maid Turned Politician

Stephens jured the man at some time and said: "You have torn my heart out. I have had a pistol in your face twice, but my heart failed me. I am taking this way of getting even. Little said he had never harmed anyone and never had an enemy as far as he knew. The note was printed on six pages of paper, believed to be hotel stationery, from which the heading had been torn out. It is believed the writer printed his words for fear Little would recognize the writing. The family i3 prostrated, WILSON'S STAND ON 3RD TERM IS ASKED (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, March 25. Both Democrats and Republicans cheered as statement in the house today by Representative Humphreys, Democrat, of Mississippi that President Wilson should make an immeditae announcement that he was not a candidate for a third term. Under no circumstances should Mr. Wilson ask for re-election, Mr. Humphreys said, recommending passage -? an amendiaent limiting presidential eligibility to one term. Public advocation by the president's friends and members of the cabinet that he run a third time has allowed the country to believe that he will break an ancient precedent, the speaker declared. "I regret therefore, all the more that he has remained silent as to his intentions in the matter of a third term," he continued. "I believe the accomplishment of his administration under his great leadership will secure for him a place high on the roll of our great presidents." Anthracite Men Notified To Stay at Work April 1 (By Associated Press) NEW YORK, March 25. Officers of the United Mine Workers were preparing notices today to be sent to local unions in the three districts comprising the anthracite coal region, notifying them to remain at work after April 1, pending the negotiation of a new wage agreement as the mine operators have agreed to make "any wage award retroactive to that date." Philip Murray, International vicepresident of the United Mine workers, said that there would be no meeting of the general, scale committee today, but that the action of the operators would be brought to the attention of the various locals directly through the official circulars. The circulars, which will carry a copy of the .resolution adopted at the meeting of the sub-committee of miners and operators held last night, will be signed by the international officers of the mine workers and the district officials. PLUMBERS ASK $12 A DAY. (By Associated Press) BIRMINGHAM. Ala., March 25. Journeymen plumbers of the Birming ham district have served notice that effective April 1, they will demand $12 a day with double pay for overtime, Sundays and holidays. The demand, master plumbers say will be met and the additional cost passed along to the builder and householder. VJ

BOLSHEVIKI OPEN

SPRING DRIVE ON POLES; REPULSED WARSAW, March 25. Bolshevikl attacks have .been launched against the Polish line at scattered points along a front approximately 400 miles and the long planned spring attack by the Russian Soviet armies apparently has commenced. While ttte Bolshevikl have made small advances at some places despite the desperate resistance of the Poles, the latter have been holding the enemy in check in most sections, say official statements. The Reds have been compelled to retreat from several newly acquired positions along the front, but fighting still continues, the Soviet troops using heavy artillery, tanks, armored cars and other apparatus captured from General Denikine on the south Russian front. Severe Fighting .Takes Place. Most severe fighting took place on Tuesday on the Polesian-Podollan frnt near the Galician frontier, the Bolshevikl concentrating their attacks on this sector in an effort to capture Rovno, an important railroad center, and Kamanetz-Podolsk, a city highly prized because- of its strategic importance. Further north in the region of Rzscycza and Kalenkowitz, northeast of Mozir, the enemy took several small villages which were recovered by the Poles after a day's fighting. Heavy engagements also are reporeed in the vicinity of Zaelava. southeast of Rovno and Staro-Konstantinov, where the Reds attempted to cross the Slutch river. East of KamenetzPodolsk, the battle is still going on, both sides using artillery and bringing up reinforcements. Some crack Bolshevik divisions are in line along this sector and cavalry is being used. EATON COMMERCIAL CLUB REJUVENATED R4TOV. Ohio. March 25. Eaton Commercial club will not disband, but instead is to be rejuvenated ana maae a commercial club in fact as well as name. This was determined Wednesday night in a meeting . of the club members and local business men. The club had been inactive many, many months and the meeting Wednesday night was for the purpose of bringing the organization to life or to prepare for its disbandment. Reorganization of the club was effected by electing Charles B. Cokefalr, president; William E. Reel, vice president;. L. L. Brown, secretary, and John M. Gale, treasurer. TJovisinn of the club's old constitu tion and by-laws will be made by a committee made up of Judge Elam Fisher, Charles B. unger ana xm i Brown, The teams will conduct a membership campaign. Charles C Spring will captain one team, while .Charles B. Cnkefnir will caDtain the other. Cap tain Spring has selected the following men for his team: W. K. Keel, Kaipn Wood. John E. Voge. L. L. Brown, H. E. Havil, Warren A. Spring, D, L. Waters, J. A. Landis, A. V. Locke and R. J. Scheid. Captain Cokefair's team consists of John M. Gale, W. H. Bucke, W. O. Gross, Charles B. Unger, Harvey Flory, Elam Fisher, Russell McNeal, George W. Longnecker and Henry Oldham. The teams will announce the result of the campaign in a meeting next Tuesday evening. The various business and professional interests in the club membership will be grouped and each group will hold Its meetings in the clubrooms in its own specific interests, according to present plans. Eaton Commercial club was organized in 1905. Balloonists Sail From Florida to Illinois (By Associated Press) CHICAGO. March 25. Four naval flyere left Chicago for the United States Naval air station at Pensacola, Fla., today, after completing a 1,200mile balloon flight from that station to Murdock, Ills., yesterday. They landed yesterday in an open field near Murdock in gale which was blowing 55 miles per hour according to the estimate or tne pnoi, juieui. Theodore C. .Lonnquest. The landing was made after tho party encountered a snow storm at an altitude of 5,000 feet, the balloon was not injured. The flight, which started Tuesday evening, took the balloonist9 across Alabama, Mississippi, into Arkansas and Missouri, and back across the Mississippi into Illinois. They traveled approximately 1.200 miles. SAN FRANCISCO NOW CAN REACH THAT DEAR CUBA (By Associated Press) SAN FRANCISCO, Cal.. March 25. Passenger steamship service between San Francisco and Havana. Cuba, beginning May 8 when the steamer Sachem will sail from this port was announced today by the Pacific Mail steamship company. The voyage will take 16 days to the Panama canal and four additional days to Cuba. Weather Forecast For Indiana, by the United States Weather Bureau Rain tonight and Friday. Colder Friday. Yesterday. Maximum 69 Minimum , 43 Today. Noon 63 For Wayne County, by W. E. Moore OccHsional heavy showers and probably thunder storms tonight and Friday, changing to colder Frid.iy. General .Conditions:The .extensive western storm continues to move slowly eastward. Strong winds and March gales are blowing around the center. Colder weather is following and will arrive here within the next 36 hours. Having been slightly delayed because of high barometric pressure on the Atlantic coast. Temperatures are far beiow freezing in western Canada.

MANY CANDIDATES PLEDGE ATTENDANCE AT 6.0. P. MEETING

Tuesday, April 20 has been Bet by members of the Wayne county Republican committee for the official "blowoff" of the political campaign in this section. On that date, the Republican love-feast announced recently will be held, and members of the committee said Thursday that all of the gubernatorial candidates, and possibly all of the presidential candidates will attend the meeting. Members of the committee were in Indianapolis Wednesday conferring with campaign managers of the various candidates. Managers of the gubernatorial campaigns said Wednesday that the candidates would all be here for the big event, and presidential campaign managers were all fovorable to tho proposed meeting and promised to do all they can to arrange their candidates' calendars to include a date at Richmond on April 20. Harding Fairly Sure. The manager of ex-Governor Hardings' campaign said Wednesday that the ex-govenor intended to be in In-! diana and Ohio that week, and that it will be an easy matter to arrange for his coming. J. S. Baldwin, manager of Governor Lowden's campaign started working on the matter as soon as he was approached by the Wayne county committee, and a telegram was dispatched by Governor Lowden, asking him to arrange for attending the Richmond meeting. General Wood's campaign manager for Indiana, was not in Indianapolis when the Wayne, county men visited the Wood headquarters, but office workers there said that the matter would be taken up with the state manager when he returned to Indianapolis on Friday, and that efforts would be made to bring the general here. Johnson is Possibility. Senator Hiram Johnson, according to his Indiana manager, is arranging for a speaking tour of Indiana, but it Is not known whether it will be possible for him to arrange for the Richmond meeting. He is planning, his manager said, to be in Nebraska just before the state primary on April 20, and he may be able to arrange his speaking dates to be in Richmond. Members of the county central committee, said Thursday that the meeting will be held in the Coliseum, and that an overflow meeting will probably be arranged. No partiality will be shown any of the candidates,- but members of the committee believe that the meeting will be one of the biggest political meetings in the city's history. Each of the candidates will be given an opportunity to address the meetings and explain his views on national and state problems. To Arrange Hotel Accomodations. Arrangements for hotel accomodations and headquarters for the candidates will be made by the county committee, and in addition to the presidential and gubernatorial candidates, practically every other state district and county candidate will attend the meeting. Letters were sent today to the managers of the state and national candidates, asking them to inform the committee if they will be able to attend, and letters of invitation will be sent to all other candidates soon. Barnes To Be Quizzed On Grain Movement, by Chicago Attorney (By Associated Press) CHICAGO, March 25. Upon his arrival here today, Julius S. Barnes, head of the United States Grain corporation, will be asked to explain recent grain sales and movements, according to a statement by Charles F. Clyne, federal district attorney, who is investigating an alleged attempt to "corner" the corn market. No evidence of illegal market manipulation sufficient to warrant prosecution under the Lever food control had been found. Mr. Clyne said yesterday after he had Interviewed a number of members of the Chicago board of trade and railroad officials. He also received reports from federal agents" engaged in a survey of the market. Reports that the United States grain corporation had been used by speculators in an effort to bring about a "corner" in the market will be investigated, Mr. Clyne said. Market experts and transportation officials told the district attorney present high prices and scarcity of corn were due to natural causes. "The rumored corner is the result of short selling in anticipation of spring grain movements and Inability of the railroads to supply sufficient cars to carry the crop to priniary markets," they said. Talk Suffrage in Delaware. (By Associated Press) DOVER, Del., March 25. Public hearings at a joint session of the Delaware legislature were the principal events scheduled today in the contest for ratification of the woman suffrage constitutional amendment by securing this state's vote. The small capltol overflowed with spokesmen and cohorts of the suffragists and"antis" with women in the large majority, some wearing the suffragist colors and others the red roses of the opposition. Hundreds of spectators sought the two score seats. TO DETERMINE CHANGES IN GRADING TO WHEAT (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, March 25. Secretary Meredith will conduct a hearing at Chicago April 2, to determine whether changes in the federal grades for wheat are desirable. Changes recently were proposed at Washington by a delegation representing the state boards of grain appeals at Minneapolis and Duluth, certain state officials of Minnesota and North Dakota, and others, who contehded there was dissatisfaction In the central west over the present grades.

Named on Commission

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Mrs. Helen H. Gardener. Mrs. Helen H. Gardener of Washington, D. C, has been nominated by President Wilson for membership on the civil service commission. She will succeed Charles M. Galloway of Columbia, S. C. Mrs. Gardener was born in Winchester, Va., 62 years ago and has been prominent in suffrage work. She has written short stories and essays. INSURANCE BILL APPROVED; RELIEF POLICY DISCUSSED (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON. March 25. Legislation destined to bring the government war risk insurance into closer touch with former service men was approved today by the house interstate commerce subcommittee in charge of war risk insurance bills. Collection of insurance premiums at postoffices, establishment of state war risk insurance offices, and funds for advertising the benefits of the government insurance are privileged. For establishing regional offices and other sub-offices, the bill carries $1,000,000 while $25,000 is proposed for advertising. With hearings on pending soldier relief measures ended, the house ways and means committee expected today to take preliminary steps to decide the future policy of the committee. Appointment of sub-committees to work out various features of a relief measure was favored as the first step toward drafting any bilL Sentiment in the committee is divided. Some members hold that present financial conditions will not permit the payment of adjusted compensation through a bond issue, while others argue that the necessary revenues should be raised through taxation. Several plans including addi tional taxes on large incomes or plac- i ing of a consumption tax have been I suggested. Board Will Appoint Light Co. Expert Monday; Orders Change in Parking Cars Appointment of an engineer to analyze the city light plant will not be made until Monday, members of the board of works said Thursday. The board will make the appointment as a result of action taken by council, in special session Wednesday night. In view of the fact that it is impossible for fire trucks tb get through any of the streets In question, the street car company was ordered by the board to stop parking cars on Fort Wayne avenue. North West Fifth street, and at the foot of the hill on North D street. The bond and contract of the Barrett company, of Cincinnati, was approved. The company was recently awarded the contract to supply the street department with Tarvia, a road preparation, for the season. Stock Exchanges Decide To Open Hour Earlier PHILADELPHIA. March 25. The Philadelphia stock exchange today decided to conform to the New York daylight savings hours. Beginning next Monday the exchange will open at 9 a. m. CHICAGO, March 25. Trading on the Chicago stock exchange Win be advanced one hour beginning next Monday in conformity with the change of hours in the New York stock market under the New York daylight savings law. The board of governors of the Chicago exchange voted yesterday to fix the hours of trading from 8 a. m. to 1 p. m. on week days, and from 8 a. m. to 10 a. m.. on Saturdays, until such time as a daylight savings law may be adopted here. Thomas W. Lawson Arrested in Blue Sky Stock Probe BOSTON, March 25. The crusade of Attorney General Allen agair.st promoters and brokers who have been exploiting sliver stock, led to the arrest of Thomas W. Lawson today. He surrendered himself at police headquarters to answer to a warrant charging him with violating on four C(mts. a state law regarding the filing of Information regarding stock issues. Four other operators and brokers arrested yesterday, including L. C. Van Riper, of New York, former secretary to Lawson.

NEW CABINET BEING FORMED BY GERMANY Compromise Effected by Distribution of Portfolios Among Socialists and Democrats Hauer Premier.

STILL FIGHT IN RUHR (By Associated Press) PARIS, March 25. An Amsterdam message quoting Berlin dispatches to the Telegraaf says it is reported a new German cabinet has been formed with Gustav Bauer remaining as premier, and Dr. Schiffer as ricepremier. Dr. Herman Mueller is said to have been again given the portfolio of foreign affairs, and Herr Gessler. mayor of Nuremberg, has been appointed -minister of National defense. The members of the cabinet are reported as follows: Minister of the Interior, Herr Koch; Minister of Finance. Caniam nsner Cuno; Minister of Transportation, Herr Ball, and Minister of the Treasury, Herr Wolff. Other portfolios, it is said, have been distributed among the Socialists and Democrats. THE HAGUE, March 25. Fighting in the Ruhr district of Germany, where, it was understood, a truce had been agreed to, has been resumed, according to the Telegraaf. Spartacist forces are nearlng Wesel, the newspaper says, and a Muenster dispatch to the Rotterdam Courant says the Red Armys strength is now 120,000. BERLIN. March 24. Conferences over the reconstruction of the cabinet took place today and it was-decided the Ebert ministry will not retire in a body but merely be subjected to a freshening up." A leading democratic deputy declared that was really all required im. view of the proximity of the new elections. Definite announcement was made that the majority socialists would surrender the post of minister of defense, to the democrats, as Phillipp Scheidemann's party is only too glad to dodge the uncomfortable assignment of overhauling the army. It is hinted, too. the majority socialists really did not have a man at their disposal who was suitable for the post. The nomination of Otto Wels, which was tentatively put forward, was quickly withdrawn as he is in bad repute with the independent socialists as a result of his actions as military commander ofBerlin during the early revolutionary days. At that time he earned for himself the nickname of "Bloodhound Wels." Gustave Noske's successor, it Is believed will be a Democrat and a civilian whose immediate task will be to weed out the reactionaries in the army which have now assumed a threatening attitude. Gustav Bauer, will retain the Premiership it is said, and the proposition for a labor cabinet has been definitely jettisoned the majority socialists having succeeded In inducing other par ties to oppose tne scheme. BUDERICH, Rhenish Prussia, March 25. Complete quiet preva;ied temporarily at Wesel, the German strongbold besieged by revolutionary workers, but peace between the two forces has not been declared. The correspondent was informed to this effect at 9 o'clock this morning over the telephone by the headquarters of General Habitsch, the commander of Wesel, across the Rhine from this town. It was declared at headquarters there could be no question of 'a cessation of hostilities through the surrender of the Relchswehr forces. BERLIN, March 24. Discussing the political situation growing out of the revolt led by Dr. Wolfgang Kapp. Ed-M-ard David, minister without portfolio in the Ebert cabinet, told The Associated Press today tho Baltic troops were a gift to us by the entente." He charged the allies had compelled Germany not only to recognize the refractory Iron brigade but had ordered it returned to Q?rmany after the troops were virtually under Russian colors. DUSSELDORF. March 23. Disruptions of the coalition of socialistic parties that unsurped control In the Ruhr basin is considered improbable as a result of the Ebert government's military campaign. Communists here and at Hagen have not been active, and moderate programs have been adopted In various cities. The communists, however, are represented on several executive committees and are credited with a disposition to hold out for extreme measures particularly regarding tbe wages. Wilson Asked Status of U. S. Troops in Germany . (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON. March 25. President Wilson is asked in a resolution adopted today by the house to inform congress of the exact status and scope of duty of the American forces in Germany. The resolution also asks the authority of Marshall Foch over the American forces and In what manner they are governed without the direction oi the president Chairman Kahn, of the military committee . introduced the resoltuion. 8,000 Americans in Germany - (By Associated Press) " WASHINGTON, March 25. An of ficial estimate by the statd department today place the number of Amer leans in Germany at about 8,000, oj which approximately 400 are womn 1

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