Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 45, Number 113, 23 March 1920 — Page 8

PAGE EIGHT

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, TUESDAY, MARCH 23, 1920.

CONFEREES PREVENT LABOR DISPUTES IN : NEW INDUSTRY PLAN

WASHINGTON. March 22 Joint organization of management and em

ploycs "as a means of preventing misunderstanding and of securing co

operative effort" throughout American industry i3 proposed by the Industrial conference appointed by President Wilson, in a report to the

president made public here today.

The conferees in their report state

that they have modified the tentative plan of machinery to adjust disputes in general industry by conference,

conciliation, inquiry and arbitration

announced by the conference on Dec, 29. 1919. and that they have endeav

ored to develop methods of prevention

rather than adjustment of labor dif

ficulties. The modified plan, devised

since the conference convened last

Jan. 12, it is said, makes machinery

available for "collective bargaining with only incidental and limited arbitration". Tho plan, has been extended to cover disputes affecting public utilities other than steam railroads, and also to government and other public employes. In addition the report analyzes the development of industrial relations, hours of labor, women in industry, child labor, housing, wages, profitsharing and gain-sharing, thrift agencies, inflation and high cost of living, agriculture, unemployment and a public employment clearing house, house. The causes of industrial unrest are fet forth as including "the rise In the cost of living, unrestrained speculation, spectacular instances of exces

sive profits, excessive accumulation and misuse of wealth, inequality and readjustment of wage schedules, release of ideas and emotions by the war, social revolutionary theories imported from Europe, the belief that free speech i restricted, the Intermit-

tency of employment, fear of

as well as within the purely Industrial i

Held.

"These suggestions," says the report.

"referring to the help which the conference received from both employers and employes, 'clearly proceed from a

genuine desire that the movement for democratic representation as a substi

tute for direct personal contact, may

pread In accordance with sound

principles and be kept from perversion

which would threaten the idea's last

ing usefulness by making it an agency

Of attack rather than a means to

tfeace." Idea Is Opposed. .

The Idea of "employe representation," the report says, has aroused op

position from two sources, viz: Employers who still adhere to the theory that labor Is a commodity, a view

which is said to be steadily disappearing, and trade union leaders, who regard shop representation as a subtle

weapon directed against the unions. "Employe representation," the conference says, "offers no royal road to industrial peace. No employer should

Isuppose that merely by installing some

system of shop representation he can be assured, without continued effort

of harmony and increased production. Doubtless there will be failures where the plan is' adopted as a fad or a panacea. It is only a means whereby sincerity of purpose, frank dealing and the establishment of common interests may bring mutual advantage." Relative to collective bargaining, the conference "sees in a frank acceptance of this principle the, most helpful approach to industrial peace," and states that it believes that the great body of the employers of the country accept that principle. The difference of opinion, it says, appears in regard

to the method of representation. Bargains of certain kinds between employers and employes do not lend themselves readily to legal enforce

ment and the conference therefore expresses the belief that, for the present at last, enforcement must rest substantially upon "good faith." Regarding hours of labor, the conference states that experience has demonstrated that they should be fixed in industrial establishments "at a

infant ' employes ana wun proper opportunity

It Is not thoroughly effective In pro

moting the economic welfare of the nation unless the time spent by the

child In Industry is devoted to ade-

auate schooling and to activity which

will develop his physical wellbelng."

The report announces the "startling fact" that of the 5.516.163 Illiterate

persons over 10 years of age In the

United States, more than 68 percent were native born. Attention Is called

to the fact that the federal government up to the present "makes no nrovlsion which assures the nonem-

ployment of children In street trades.) and various blind alley occupations during the time they should be at school." The conference states. In presenting its recommendations: "They are not merely designed to tide over a troublesome period of economic adjustment.

Many of the evils pointed out were in existence before the war and will remain in existence if steps are not taken to remedy them." In conclusion the report says the reforms advocated are urged "not with any feeling of panic, but with the belief that they will not only contribute largely toward the elimination of th,e causes of Industrial strife, but that they will make

fnr the Introduction, In American In

dustry, of those democratic principles which constitute the most precious heritage of the American citizen." The report is signed by Secretary of Labor Wilson as chairman; Herbert Hoover, as vice chairman, and the fol-

lowing other members of the confer

ence: Martin H. Glynn, Thomas w.

Gregory, Richard Hooker, Stanley King, Samuel W. McCalL Henry M.

LRoblnson, Julius Rosenwald. George T.

Slade. Oscar S. Straus, Henry C. Stuart, William O. Thompson. Frank W. Taussig, Henry J. Waters, George W.

Wickersham and Owen D. Young, ana

Wfllard E. Hotchklss and Henry R. Seager, executive secretaries.

LAFAYETTE LABORER GETS EIGHTH DIVORCE DECREE LAFAYETTE, Ind., March 23. A new record was hung up in the local courts Monday when Alva Turner, a laborer, was awarded a divorce decree for the eighth time. Special Judge Benjamin Carr, of the White-Carroil circuit, who is presiding during the absence of Henry Vinton, asked Turner how many times he had been married and divorced. . , "This is my eighth time, your honor." i "Well. " said the judge, 'I may be making a mistake, but if I am. I have

the satisfaction of knowing mat se.t-u other judges have made the same mistake. The divorce ,is granted." Turnes testified that his wife, Anna, had threatened to kill him with an axe, and ran him from the house.

$1 BUYS $400,000 SHIP NEW YORK. Deputy Police Commissioner Wallis purchased a new patrol boat for the department. The vessel Is the. Tenobscot which cost $400,000 when it was built three years ago. It was used as a patrol boat off Brest. Secretary Daniels authorized the sale for a dollar.

mnrtaHtv in industrial rpntnra in nfl for rest and recreation, there being in

personal contact in large industrial a11 cases provision for one day's rest

units and the culmination of a grow

ing Deiler on tne part of botn employers and employes that a readjustment is necessary to a wholesome continuity of their united effort." . . How Problems Vary Industrial problems vary not only with each industry, the report says, but In each establishment, "Therefore the strategic place to begin battle with misunderstanding is within the industrial plant itself. Primarily the settlement must come from the bottom, not from the top." The conference, in expressing its approval of "employe representation" says it Is

not a field for legislation, because the form which such representation f-hould take may vary in every plant. For this reason the reommendation Is direted solely to managers and employes. "If the joint organization of management and employes in the plant or in

dustry fails to reach, the. collective agreement," says the report, "or if without such joint organization, disputes arise which are not settled by existing agencies, then the conference proposes a system of .settlement through a national industrial board, local regional conference and boards of Inquiry." This plan, which the conference says is ' based upon American experience and designed to meet American - conditions," is national in scope and operation, and yet decentralized. It is , said to be different from anything in operation elsewhere and employs no local authority except the right of inquiry. Its basic idea is stimulation to fettlement of peace by the parties in

conflict and the enlistment of public opinion toward enforcing that method of settlement. The regional adjustment conference proposes a board to consist of four representatives selected by the parties 1o the dispute, and four others in their industry chosen by them and familiar with their problems. It would be prerided over by a trained government official, the regional chairman, who v-ould act as a conciliator. If an unanimous agreement were reached. It would result in a collective bargain having the same effect as if reached by

joint organization in the shop. i Failing to agree unanimously, the matter, with certain restrictions, would go to the national indusrial board un- j less the disputants preferred a mut-' tially chosen umpire. Meanwhile both parties to the dis- ; pute have agreed that there shall bel ro interference with production pending the processes of adjustment. If: the parties, or either of them, howrver. refuses voluntarily to submit, the ; cVspute, to the processes of the plan j of adjustment, a regional board of in-, cuiry is formed by the regional c hair- j

jvan oi two employers ana two em-

In seven

The conference further finds that from the standpoint of public Interest "it is fundamental' that the basic wages of all employes should be adequate to maintain the employe and his family in- reasonable comfort and with adequate opportunity for the education of his children. When the wages of any group fall below this standard for any length of time, the

situation becomes dangerous to the

well-being of the state." View of Profit Sharing. As for profit-sharing being regarded

as a complete solution of industrial

problems, the conference says that

wille it has "promise in some direc

tions, it can not by itself, be consider- j

ed to be of far-reaching effect

If Too Thin Try

Bitro-Phospha te

While excessive thinness might be attributed to various and subtle causes in different Individuals, It is a well known fact that the lack of phosphorus in the human system is very largely responsible for this condition. It seems to be well established that this deficiency in phosphorus may now be met by the use of Bitro-Phos-phate, which can be obtained from Conkey Drug Co., or any good druggist in convenient tablet form. In many instances the assimilation of this phosphate by the nerve tissue soon produces a welcome change

nerve tension disappears, vigor and

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A Surprisiri Improvement In Comfort often comes to the coffee drinker, when lne changes from cofiee to PostUTTLThat seems do be the sijre- way to deterrnine whether cbfiee-isharmfuL If any discomfort due to coffee is disturbing" you,chaneito The standard of qalityls:high, there has been no increase in price and the taste is most satisfying to those who enjoy a coffee-like, flavor. At Grocer? Made by Postum Cereal Co.. Barile-Creek; MicK

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theless," the report says, "the field is one In which sincere experiment may add a real knowledge of desirable procedure." Touching on the subject of child labor, the conference says "sheer prohibition of child labor is, at best, only a negative attack upon the problem.

Annum

Easter

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.artios to the dispute. This board mav j Uy Prev,ent stagnant pores, to stim-

pubnnna witnesses ar.d records and publish its findings as a guide to public opinion. Tho national industrial hoard in Wellington would have general overHcht of the workings of the plan, which in addition to bing applicable to public utilities, provides machinery f.ii "prompt and fair ;d justmont of v.-pges and working conrlitons of govtrnment employes." Tho Han involves no penalties, it is said, other hpn those imposed bv public opinion. Jft does not Impose compulsory reprerentntton. Tt does not deny the right to rtrlko. It does not -submit to rtrbiration the policy of "closed" or 'own" shop. Ttezarding "employe representation" the report Bays "the sub'ect has been r'toruepcd under such different names pnd forms as shon committees, shop council, works councils, representptlve government in industry and other1, but the conference says It prefers the generic term, having In mind ll'i successful application of the rincinlf to various activities outside,

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