Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 44, Number 279, 6 September 1919 — Page 7

THE RICHMOND PALIJU3IUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, SATURDAY, SEPT. 6; 1919.

PAGE NINE

, The Automobile Simplified By FREDERICK C. GUERRLICH, M. E. Make This Your Automobile Correspondence School AN intimate talk on the working units of the automobile discussed in such a way that the layman can easily understand them. If in reading these articles, as they appear In the Palladium each Saturday, there is anything not clear to you. aelt Mr. Ouerllch about it. An answer will be published on the completion of the articles on the section of the automobile under discussion. Copyrighted. 191T. By Frederick C. Gurrl!ch.

In those systems of Ignition which' we have studied so far, the current tame from a battery of some kind, and was then converted from low to high tension, and distributed to the spark plugs in the firing order. The magneto, which we will now take up, is a compound machine, being,, primarily a device for making the electric current, but having attached to it, the devices for interrupting this current, so that it can be converted from low to high tension, and the devices for distributing it to the spark plugs. Let U3 see how the magneto manufactures or makes the electric current. If we had a magnet, and were to place a piece of paper on It, then sprinkle some iron filings on this paper, and tap the paper, then these filings would form themselves in definite lines as shown in Fig. 1. This is a proof that there are certain invisible lines running from one pole of the magnet to the other pole. The fact that these lines can make the iron filings take a definite course, or in other words, move the filings, and the fact that the magiiet can lift great weights, proves that these Ifnr hi"? a certain amount of force. Engineers call them magnetic lines of force. By placing a piece of iron, called a pole piece on the end of each pole, as shown in Fig. II, the lines of force can be made to take a definite course as shown, instead of scattering all about the poles in every direction. It is an accepted theory that electricity does not travel through the metal of the wire or conductor, but on the outside, and in a sort of Bplral.

will be the force pressing them along the wire, and so the greater will be the voltage. Note that the voltage will decrease as the wire travels still further, until it gets to the bottom, when it will be zero, and when it will again Increase, but the flow will

now be in the opposite direction. As the magneto la built, the wire is wrapped around a soft Iron core, the coil or wire and core, being called the armature. The armature core has fastened to each end a shaft, which run3 in ball bearings, and so golds the armature in place, between the pole' pieces. One of these shafts, also is connected to the driving mechanism. The magnets are of hard steel and known as permanent magnets. These magnets will be magnets until the end of time, but their strength will gradually decrease. If by accident, the current from a battery were to run through the armature of the magneto in a certain direction, the magnetism will be quickly drawn out of the magnets. For this reason great care must be taken in connecting a battery system of ignition to a magneto system. When the magnets become weak they can be remagnatized and this may sometimes be necessary in order to have the magneto give sufficient current to yield a spark at the low engine speed3. For simplicity, and in order to have a few wires as possible, one end of the armature coil wire, is grounded, while the other is run" out through one of the shafts, which shaft is hollow. The end of this wire terminates in

Fief 2.

Fig 1

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Fig S

usual services of the Presbyterian church will be resumed Sunday after a months vacation, which the Rev. G. M. Payne, pastor of the church, spent at Winona,. .. .John Watson, who has been visiting relatives and friends here for a week, returned to Wichita Falls, Texas, Thursday, where he has

a position with an oil company Mrs. Elizabeth Moon has returned from a two weeks' visit with relatives at Dayton, O The Rev. O. E. Enos, of Parker, has been assigned as pastor

oi me xvazarene church here Miss Marie Moorman gave a bridge party, to a number of young society people, Friday evening Miss Juanita Hardman is visiting a college friend at Charleston, 111 Miss Faye Clark is the guest of relatives in Union City.. . ..The Missionary Society of the Pres-

Jbyterian church met Tuesday after

noon with Mrs. Lola Kelch. South

Main street. The subject for the af

ternoon was "The Negro." Articles on

the subject were read by Mrs. Harry

lost, Mrs. F. A. Chenoweth, Mrs. B. E. Hinshaw and Mrs. D. L. Martin. Victrola music, furnished by the hostess was much enjoyed Mrs. Frank Oler and daughter are the guests of Mrs. Oler's parents, Dr. and Mrs. A. F. Huddleston Mrs. Otho Moorman and sons Russell and Edwin have returned from a short visit with Richmond relatives Dora and Laura Leggett have returned to their home in Jeffersonville after spending a few weeks with their grandmother, Mrs. G. E. Leggett Miss Jeanette Harris has returned to her home in Indianapolis after spending a few days with Governor and Mrs. James P. Goodrich The Woman's Foreign Missionary society of the M. E. church met Tuesday afternoon with Mrs. Cail Fielder, in South Main street Miss Clara Rose has returned to Cleveland, after a visit with Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Rose ThO Woman's Bible class of the M. E. Church met with Mrs. Ruth Smith, Friday afternoon The Eta Beta Pi girls were entertained Tuesday by Miss Mary Bales Miss Florence Goodrich entertained a company of friends, Tuesday afternoon, at bridge and luncheon as a courtesy to Miss Keith Hawkins. Mrs. Carl Study was hostess at bridge and five o'clock luncheon Friday afternoon. Miss Grahs, a niece, was honor guest Mrs. Luther Klmmel and daughters have returned from the Northern Indiana lakes.

mond and Raymond Knoll of Whitewater Mr. Edgar and family, Clarence Clabaugh and famlyl, Jehn Boren and family, William Wendle and family, Mr. and Mrs. Everett White and Mrs. Stella White spent Friday with

Mr. and Mrs. N. E. Long and Miss

Lillie Benbow of Hagerstown. . .Thurman Constable and Forest Boren motored to Marion Monday to attend tho motorcycle races. .. .Mrs. Bright Winters and children of Greensfork spent Wednesday with Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Bond Mrs. Leona Kirtley of Lynn spent a few days this week with Merl Coleman and family Miss Lotha Wolfal spent Tuesday evening wl'.h Miss Florence Boren Mr. and Mrs. Roy L. Brown and Mr. and Mrs. Volk of Bellefontain, O., spent Monday here Chester Anderson spent Sunday in Greensfork Mrs. Olive Leisure and children of St. Paris, O., was guests of Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Bond from Wednesday until Friday Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Hyde and son, Harold, and Mr. and

Mrs. Jehn Boren and Forest and Florence Borne, spent Thursday with Eli Hyde and family Vern Hill, Charles Anderson, Robert Anderson and Irvin Anderson are spending a few days at the reservoir at Selina..Mrs. Ray Wolfal and little son, Dean, are spending a few days here with Reason Wolfal and family.

To every child having a hundred or more freckles a Rockford (111.) movie house is offering a free matinee ticket for a performance of "Freckles." a dramatization of Gene Stratton Porter's novel.

Bethel, Ind. Mr. Edward Roberts and children of New Madison, are spending a few days with Mrs. Robert's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Eli Hyde Mr. and Mrs. Oliver Spencer attended the Spencer reunion near Glen Karn, O., Sunday.. ..Mls3 Florence Boren spent Mondiy night with Miss Fay Southard Mrs. James Blose and Miss Lorene Spencer and Master Lowell Spencer spent the week-end with Clint Jennings and family of near Lynn. . . .Joseph Harlan and family of Richmond spent Monday with Clem Moore and wife. . . .Mr. and Mrs. Oliver Spencer spent Monday with Mrs. Mary Young and son, Leonar of New Paris, O....Mr. and Mrs. Everette White entertained Sunday Mr. and Mrs. Henry Knoll and son, Leonard and Nina Love of Rich-

SHE WANTS TO HELP OTHERS Mrs. A. G. Wells, R. F. D. Rocky Mount, N. C, writes: I cannot praise Foley Kidney Pill3 enough for tho wonderful benefits I have derived from their use. Please publish this statement as I want the people everywhere to know of them." Lame back, sore muscles, puffiness under eyes, and an "always tired" feeling are indications that the kidneys and bladder are not working properly. Foley Kidney Pills strengthen weak, disordered kidneys and bladder. For sale by A. G. Luken & Co. Adv.

Chiropractic (Kl-ro-prak-tlk) H-E-A-L-T-H Without Drug3 or Operations A FAIR TEST You have tried other methods try ours and compare results CHIROPRACTORS G.C. Wilcoxen, D.C. C. H. GROCE, D. C, Assistant. Phone 1603 35 S. 11th St. Richmond, Ind.

I could recount to you test upon 1

test, proving the various actions upon which the current generating machines are built, but instead of doing this, I am going to ask you to use your imagination, and let me try to pictures the action to your mind's eyes. Imagine the magnetic lines of force to be exceedingly small pieces of rubber bands extending from pole to pole. Suppose now, we Inserted a coil of wire in this field of bands as shown, and then revolved the coil in the direction of the arrow. What would happen tinder the

above circumstances?, Why, the rub-

uer Danas wouiu nnaiiy snap, ana whip-lash about the wire. But the wire cannot hold them all, so that many will be squeezed along the wire, and so travel along it. As fast as the magnetic lines are broken new lines are formed, thus there will be a constant stream flowing along the wire, just so long as the wire is cutting through the lines. In other words, by making a wire cut through the magnetic lines of force, the magnetic lines can be made to travel along the wires, or become electric current. It is, on this principle that the magneto; the little generator which charges your storage battery; and the gigantic machine in the electric power plant is built. Alternating Current Notice that wire "A" is cutting

through the lines in. a downward direction, while "B" is cutting upward, i

Thus the current will flow out of "A" say, and into "B." On the next half revolution, "A" and "B" will have changed places, and so the current will now be traveling into "A," and out at "B," while on the next half revolution it will again alternate in direction. When a current in a wire is constantly changing the direction of flow, as above, we say it is an alternating current. The magneto is an alternating current machine. Notice that when the wire is on tfte top of its revolution, it will be traveling in the same direction as the magnetic lines of force and so will not cut any of them. As it revolves a little further, it will cut a few in a given time, the amount of lines cut in a given time increasing as the wire approaches the horizontal position, when the maximum number will be cut. Naturally the greater the number of lines cut in a given time, the greater

a sort of flat button, against which a piece of carbon, called a collector brush, rubs, and so collects the current from this wire, and then sends it through another wire which is attached to the brush on the outside, to the coil or other parts. Fig. 4 shows the armature in position, and Fig. 5 the connection of the wires. Two Classes Given On the front of the machine, is placed an interrupter and distributer, and In a later lesson we will see just hovsthe current made by the magneto is used to give the sparks, and also study some of the other devices necessary for its perfect operation. There are two classes of magnetos, namely the high tension and the low tension. We will take them up separately. I might say here, that some people do not explain the magneto as it was explained above, but base their explanation on the fact that the armature core, as it revolves in the magnetic field, becomes magnetized ani demognatized so that a current as made to flow in the wire wrapped about it, just as it does in the induction coil. While this method i3 a good one. also, I prefer to explain the action as I have, as when we come to the starting and lighting system we will have a generator to explain, and this cannot be explained on the basis of induction. I do not believe in confusing my readers, but will at a later

date, also explain the magneto on the basis of induction. We will next take up the Low Tension Magneto.

j M

Wcall like

Post

Toasties

and like em all the time.

says

Winchester, Ind. Mrs. M.L. Mills has returned from a short visit with Richmond relatives... ..Mrs. E. N. Canada of Indianapolis, is the guest of relatives here Miss Doris Davis was hostess to a nicely appointed dinner, Friday evening, to a number of young friends Miss flazel Hill entertained Monday evening in honor of Mrs. Kenneth Davis and daughter, Jane and Miss Ruth

Starbuck, of Indianapolis The Home ! Economic club met Thursday with ! Miss Edith Kable, on Huntsville road. ! The Royal Society club held their

fortnightly meeting with Mrs. Earl Davis, Wednesday afternoon. Following the preliminary business session, a social hour was enjowed with needlework. The hostess served light refreshments The mehsenger society of the Friend's church met Thursday afternoon with Mrs. Fred Flxel Mrs. Edward Goodrich was hostess to the Monday Afternoon Bridge club. At the conclusion of a delightful afternoon, the hostess served a tempting luncheon Mrs. Charles Brewster has returned to her home in Dayton, accompanied by her neices, the Misses Pauline and Irene Best Miss Alice Coats has returned from Cincinnati... ..Mrs. O. E. Davis and Mrs. Edna Bagley spent Tuesday in Richmond... ..Miss Emma Meyer has returned from a few days visit with relatives and friends in Greenville Ohio...:... Miss Anna Tooker of Indianapolis, is spending a few days with relatives and friends here Mrs. Ferris Olwin of Indianapolis has returned to her home after being the guest of Mrs.

Ed Durr Mrs. Lulu Gordon, of I Richmond is the guest of relatives;

and friends here Prof. Charles Austin has returned to New York City after spending a few weeks with his mother, Mrs. Theodore Shaw The

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We Have a Good Stock of Genuine No. 3 Vein

ocahon

LUMP EGG MINE RUN We Would Be Pleased To Serve You Mather Bros. Co. 1008 North F Street

All Kinds of "Indiana Coal" "Indiana coal" or"Indiana lump' may mean any one of a number of differeEit grades of coal. If you ask for

you will get not only the best coal produced in Indiana but the best in the West. Your dealer is proud of Fourth Vein and w fl 1 be glad to to fill your order. For Sale by all Dealers

SERVICE If your oo&l U not light, or 7 oar contract Is not kupt to ttM lmxm. write us. INDIANA No. 4 VEIN COAL FRODUCES. Pbll. A. Phh. Secretary. M7-M8 T. H. Trust BulltlBf, Terr Hauts, lad. Atftfrst ail coatnuBlcauoat to ttM AmocUUbs. Cllatoa Coal Co.. Cttatoo. Ind,. "Crora am tfouno Tata." J. K. Daring Coal Co.. MeCormK Bids.. Chlcaao. "Darin No. Four."

Parous Bcaltr Datoloomcnt Co. (Walter Blsdsue Co.. Solas Amu. T. H. Trust Bide.. Terr Bans. XML), rarouei Tora-ueon-Boeara Coal Ca. Clinton, lad.. "Baton suns. Knox County Rmrth Vein Coat Co.. sal motion Tsrmiusl Bids.. ImHanajoHo, Untou Coal Co.. T01 TraeOoo Terminal Bide.. InrtlmpoMs. Ind. "Uui Beuj Mime." Lower Vein Coal Co. (Blsoarda A Bona. Hales Ageola. Oceta iiouss Bide. Terre Beute, Ind ). "Rlchsrds WnUe Aao."

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Cnlted Ft ) rtri Tela Coal Co.. Tractloe Tern &al Bids.. Iadlsn spoil. "Black Q.-eek. Yaadall Cil Co.. 1J00 Fletcher Trust j Sxttsr spoils, lOgJs Coal Co., lo-laoavoUs sad Chlcaso. KirtuslTS Baiki Afsuts.) VIo sQnfcnJ Co.. 1)00 TUUtm Trust Bid-. tt'dlanapoHs (Otle Coal Co.. Indlauapets sad Cblcwe. Exclusive Bales APUti). Zimmerman Coal Co., Tribune BkHt., Terra UBaute. Ind.. "Black

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Motorists Directory

Generator Repairing, General Overhauling, all kinds of Mechanical Work. Overland and Willys-Knight Cars j . DAVIS-OVERLAND SALES CO. 1209 Main Street Phone 2411

The McConaha's Garage 418-420 Main Street

' Goodyear Tires Prest-O-Lite Batteries Accessories Mobileoil and Auto Repairing

HUDSON ESSEX NASH STUDEBAKER FEDERAL and NASH Trucks x If you want an Automobile See Us

The McGonaha Company

413-&15 Main St.

Phone 1079

P1EHL AUTO-ELECTRIC CO. Storage Batteries and Ignition Parts

1

L

Storage Batteries Auto Electric Supplies Armatures and Coils Rewound

Phones 1831-1893. W. C. Piehl, Mgr. 1024 Main Street Richmond, Indiana

When You Need Tires you Need em (WE SELL 'EM) NEEDHAM TIRES 5000-MILE GUARANTEE

Beeson Tire and Vulcanizing Co.

13 N. 9th St.

Richmond, Ind.

AUTOS WANTED

For their parts. We tear 'em up and sell the I parts. We have parts of all kinds such as j Gears, Axels, Magnetos. Carburetors, Lamps, Windshields. Glass, used Tires and Tubes, Etc. ! RICHMOND AUTO WRECKING CO. ! Phone 2165 Second and Main

We Do the Worrying Not You Our worriment is caased through trying to ascertain the best building materia and to be enabled to sell it to you for a low price. You do no woxrying at all because when you buy from us you are protected by our guarantee. And today is the day to order.

Hackman-Klettf oth Co.

1000N. F. St. & South G. Between 6 and 7

Phones 2015, 2016

FORD DISTRIBUTORS Ford Automobiles, Ford Trucks, Accessories, Tires, Oils, Gas and Service Webb-Coleman

Company

Authorized Ford Sales and Service 19-21 South 7th Street Phone 1616

Richmond Battery & Radiator Cq. Distributors of U. S. L. Storage Batteries All makes of batteries recharged, repaired and rebuilt. Service free. 12th and Main St Phone 1365

Republic INTERNAL GEAR DRIVE Trucks

Will solve your haulage problems. STANDARD SUPPLY AND First and Main Streets.

Truck repairing a specialty. TRANSPORTATION CO. Phone 1069-2459

GARBAGE CANS Hand-Made Our cans are guaranteed to out last any factory-made can for the money. They are dog-proof, rust-proof and water-tight. Priced Right at $2.25 to $3.75

R. J. Behringer

812 South C Street

Phone 1929

EdiCK AGENCY For used cars, see us. We have the best In the cwunty and the prices are reasonable. CHENOWETH AUTO CO. 1134 Main Street Phone 1925

Harry H. Tubeslng Harry E. Rhlnehart

GATESSTIRES VULCANIZING Gates More Mileage Tires 1124 Main Street Phone 1595 Tires called for and delivered

Maxwell,-Cole,- Aero Eight-Chalmers

oeo ub neiore xou Duy mat car STAFFORD MOTOR COMPANY

1026 fa. 1 Street - Phone 1058