Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 44, Number 185, 17 May 1919 — Page 11

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM 'SATURDAY, MAY 17, 1919.

PAGE THIRTEEN

The Aii tomobile Simplified By FREDERICK C. GUERRLICH, M. E. Make This Your Automobile Correspondence School A' N Intimate talk on th working units of the automobile discussed - ,In such, -way, that the. layman can easily understand them. If In , reading, thesp. articles, as they appear in th Palladium each Saturday, there is anything not clear to you, ask Mr. GuerMch about It An answer will be published on the completion of the articles on the section of the automobile under discussion. Copyrighted. 1S17, By Frederick C. GuarrUcb.

LESSON NO. 8. The Vibrator Coil. In this lesson we will study the coil used in the ignition system on the Ford cars, and also. In combination with the magneto, on some of the best and highest-priced cars. This coil la known as a vibrator coll. As in the distributor system, this system must have in the primary circuit. A KflnrA rif rTivmni o .wltjih fA.

stopping the flow of the current when the engine is to be stopped, a coil, a device for Interrupting the current when the spark is to come, and a device for timing the interruptions so that the spark will come In the cylinder when the piston is in the proper

position. The great difference between the vibrator coil and the distributor system, is in the way the interrupter operates. In the latter system this is done mechanically, while in the former. It is done magnetically. The Vibrator. Let us study the magnetic Interrupter. We saw when w.e studied the coll how, when a solt iron core has a coil of wire wrapped about it, and a current of electricity Is allowed to flow through this coll. It becomes a Steel to it. If voil hurt rlovlro do

shown In Fig i (in which Y Is a piece of steel fastened to the spring Z. the other end of which Is held stationary), and closed the switch, a current of electricity would flow through wire A from the battery, then through the switch, then the wire B and spring Z. then through the coil and back to the battery through the

block, making it take the position shown in Fig. 3.- You will notice that the points P and Q are now separated. This means that the flow of the current has been Interrupted so that the core will become demagnetized. What will now happen to the steel? Why it will spring up. and the points P and Q will again come together, thus again the current will flow and core be a magnet thus again separating the points P and Q, thus stopping the flow of the current and so demagnetizing the core, when the steel will again spring up and bring the points together again. Thus you will notice that the steel is constantly being drawn down and springing up, or in other words, vibrating. Each time the steel is drawn down the current 13 interrupted, and you will note that this 13 done magnetically. Thus we have a magnetic Interrupter. . You have a vibrator coil such as this In your home, v Study your electric doorbell or buzzer. You will no-, tlce that it operates exactly as described above, there simply being an arm on the vibrating spring with a clapper on one end which strikes the bell. What ha3 this to do" with the giving

of the spark? We know that if we 4 the primary and secondary is done

have a core with a wire coiled about icrly to save a wire. By tracing the it. that every time the core is magne- J two circuits you will see that even tized or demagnetized in some way j though connected the primary cannot there will be a shot of current through run through the secondary circuit, the wire. The above shows a way to nor the secondary through the primagnetize or demagnetize the core, so j mary. accepting along the wire from that if we were to wind around the t the timer to the coiL As the secon-

vmrator con explained above, another dary current comes after the nrimarv

The NC-1, first of the Riant seaplanes designed by the U. S. navy to attempt the trans-Atlantic flight, has . been altered considerably since ' she was first completed. These changes increased her speed and lessened the power needed to carry her off the water and into the air. With the NC-3. she made the trip from Rockaway, I to Trepassey Bay witnouc mishap.

volving switch. ' The drum H is made of an insulating material inserted in which is the metal segment K having a binding post for connecting a wire to it. If now. Instead of running the wire D direct from the coil to the battery, it be first fastened to this segment, and a wire be run from the rotor to the battery, as shown by the dotted line, no current can flow through the coil, except when the rotor (which Is made to revolve by the engine), is in contact with the segment. Thus there will be a series of

sparks only when the rotor and the segment are in contact. By fastening the rotor on Its shaft

in such a position that it "will come in contact with the hegment at the moment the piston of the engine has just completed its compression stroke the spark will be timed to come at the correct time. Instead of running a wire from the rotor to the Tbattery, the curent is allowed to travel through the metal of the engine, or "ground." - In the Ford cars the cam shaft is carried through the front of the engine and the rotor is fastened to its end. Thus the current will return through this cam shaft, then its bearing and so through the rest of the engine to a point where a wire from the battery or magneto is fastened to it, so as to collect the current The secondary current also returns through the ground from the spark

plugs, so that there must be a wire '

from the coil to the engine to collect this returning secondary current. The manufacturer, however, desiring to simplify the wiring as much as possible uses the primary wire running from the coil to the timer for this purnnflO . Tft A( tYia Vt niHmaw

1 - " , utuiiaijr auu 1 - . 1 . B

secondary are connected as shown. !RS : ous l" ine nptmun 01 uw

r uavc; tilt? ocmc luuuiliuu lit 1 nr

FIRSTrNC plane, greatly altered, is success

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NC-1, one of three U. S. navy seaplanes in ocean flight

coil having about a thousand more

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primary circuit when the interrupter

points are opened, only instead 'of water flowing in a pipe we have electricity flowing through a wire., and instead of puting a piece of cardboard at the opening, we put a sheet of air there, that is, the air between, the points when they are open. We l see, therefore, that we must have I something in the circuit which will ab

sorb this momentary high pressure

is interrupted, the two will not flow at the same time, and. moreover, when

secondary is flowing the interrupter Tne condenser is used for this pur-

o ?,iv, v j I K)se.

across the spark plug points.

The Condenser

A condenser is made of two or more

sheets of tinfoil which are ssparated Ytv ehont rf irtanlaHno' t-o -w rn toy

The moment the interrupter points ThP am ti,on nc intn hnnio

open, thus stopping the flow of the , and a wire connected to one of the current the voltage at the points will j Bheet3 and to one Bide of the inter. build up so high as to jump across the j rupterf whi!e another wire is conspace between them. As it jumps nected t0 the other s5de of the points across a spark will come which will ond the other piece of tinfoil. When be so hot as to soon burn out the ! the polnt3 are suddenly opened, Inpoints. Thus we must have some de-,etead of the current jumping across vice to prevent this. For this pur-u, nnint. it win tmvoi tn th tinfnii

j pose what is known as a condenser i anTl not beine abIe to get across -be-

condenser and join the current from the battery. When the current jumps across the interrupter points not only will It cause the burning out of the points, but the flow of the current will not be stopped sudenly enough so that the

intensity of the secondary will be de-;

creased and the spark at the plugs will thus not be so hot As a rule you cannot see the condenser as it is usually placed in the coil box along side of the coil. In our next lesson we will take up the way in which the vibrator coil is used with a four-cylinder engine, and I will then tell you how to time the

! ignition systems, which we have

studied so far.

t Philadelphia carpenters will vote on

the proposition that the wage scale

on May 1 shall be 87 cents an hour

Haynes Lei Contract

qt-$600,000 Addition - - . 1 '' " - The 'government request that "big business" lead the way in national reconstruction is being met promptly by tbe ilaynes - Automobile '-company, which has just let the contract for the erection of a large addition to its plant at Kokomo, Indiana, involving an expenditure of $600,000. The funds to meet this expenditure and to also furnish additional working capital required by the company to carry on its greatly increased business is being provided by an issue of $1,600,000 of one to-ten-year 7 per cent, notes, which represents the first public financing on the part of the Haynes Automobile company: The issue has been underwritten by Counselman- A Co., Investment Bankers, Chicago, who

are Managers of the Syndicate which is making public offering of these notes at this time. - -

OPENS TIRE BRANCHES.

The activity apparent in the sales

organization of the Miller Rubber

company, at Akron, indicates that F. C. Millhoff, general Bales manager of that concern, was right in his prediction the first of the year to the effect that 1919 would break all selling records. Within the last few weeks the company has opened up three new factory branches and each week scores of dealers are being added to the already long Miller list.

The National War Labor board has ruled that the Publishers association of New York city" shall raise wages of. its organized photo-engravers - $5 a week to be effective as of November 20, 1918. .. k ....

Try Palladium .Want Ada.

wire I). As this current flows, the turns of wire than there are in the core will become a magnet and the I vibrator coil:-them -would a cw

win De urawn lowara u. tnus ! rf vp"v h'ch vnlt mmni

is used

j Let us see why the voltage is built i vp. If we had a long coil of pipe j through which water was flowing at : a slight pressure, and if at the iar end we tried to stop the flow of the i water by closing ud tha ODenine. wa

'would find that we would require.

quite a little effort, far more than th-? , pressure under which the water is ;

cause of the insulating paper will bo collected, sort of stored up, there. When the points are again closed this storeS up current will run out of the

BRIDGES ARE WEAK LINKS

The limiting factor in a great many roads extensively used has been antique bridges built in the days when light buggy traffic was the rule. Gradually the state departments are overcoming this handicap to travel by replacing these structures by solid, concrete spans. In 1917, $47,290,756 was expended in this way in the United States.

steel

bending the spring Z. If we open th

pwithch the core will bo demagnitized nnd the Bteel will spring back to its .original position. Instead of connecting "the wire- B

uiretiijr 10 ir;e spring as aoove, iei us

as shown In Fig. 2. Here the wire B Is connected to the brass arm W, so : that the current will now flow through this arm. then the screw O, then the point. P. then point Q, and along the ppring 7. as before. Let us Bee what will now happen when we close the switch. As the current flows the core will become a magnet and thus draw down the steel

every

time the points P and Q are separated. rnU thus we would get a spark at the sparkplug... You wilL. notice that Just so long

a th switch is. closed the vibrator 1

when we stop the water, that at the. opening has the great amount, of water in back of it which must also oe Etopped. Now it takes a resistance or pressure to step 'anything which .haa weight from "moving, and as the water

at the opening must stop the foot of j

water just back of it and also the foot

of water in back of that and so on.

ou can see how the pressure on the

wm viuraie, so tnat there will " con- i

stantly be sparks at the plugs of great f rpnnnn-'- Thlc Ti-i 1 1 rtr An 1 J

w - ein c i . .u. i :ui

want the spark only, when the piston "iC." " "V"'

ing with a piece of cardboard, the

is up and readv to start down on its power stroke. What shall we do? Why put in the primary circuit Forao device which will time the vibrations to come only when w want the spark. The Timer. , In Fig. 4 such a device is shown. This, you will note, is simply a re-

pressure might build up so high as to burst through this cardboard even though it were strong enough to resist the flow of the water when at rest. If we were to use a technical expression we would say that the pressurs

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We Make Your Clock Keep Correct Time Don't let the old clock cause you to be late again bring or send it to our clock repairer he will place It in perfect running order charges reasonable. We call for and deliver. 0. . Dickinson For Expert Clock Repairing ,

That car can be overhauled at a very reasonable cost. The workmanship will not be cheapened but our location away from high rents and many other things cut down our overhead and you get the benefit. ." , Repair work, tire work, radiator and body repairing, accessories and second hand cars for sale. Just Phone 1268 That's Us Miller Brothers

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