Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 44, Number 104, 12 March 1919 — Page 1

THE

MEOOTD

.m- ' VOL. XLIV..NO. 104-e Q 8ua-T.le.ra SINGLE COPY 3 CENTS RICHMOND, IND., WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 12, 1919

FINAL PEACE TERMS BIND GERMANS TO

INIPOTENCY Allied Conditions to be Submitted Soon Will Make Country Powerless for Next Quarter Century. FRONTIER IS REDRAWN By FRANK H. SIMONDS. (Copyright, 1919. by The McClure Newspaper Syndicate) PARIS, March 12. During President Wilson's absence in America the lines of the new treaty of Versailles have been on the larger side drawn and substantially agreed to. The fourth of the great European settlements, counting the treaty of Westphalia and the treaties of Utrecht and of Vienna, is now known in outline, and if one may judge from the past great settlements, the larger part of the work which is being completed In Paris will endure and give form and character to Europe and to the world for a century to come. German Frontier Decisions. Most important of all the various departments of what will be the peace of Versailles is the decision with respect to Germany. This decision as to the frontiers is as follows: Germany will hereafter stop at the Rhine and at the old western frontier of Poland preceding the first partition of 1772. In addition, Germany will lose the Danish-speaking populations of Schleswig and the Polish-speaking populations of upper Silesia. By contrast she will probably acquire the pure German regions of Austria, the old provinces which were victims of the Hapsburg empire when it began Its process of expansion many centuries ago. Expressed in statistics, Germany will lose between 60,000 and 70,000 square miles of territory, with a population between 13,000,000 and 14,000,000, and will acquire between 20,000 and 30,000 square miles, with a population of 7,000,000. This means that Germany will in any event suffer a net loss of 30,000 square miles of territory and upward of 7,000,000 of people. Instead of 212,000 square miles, her area before the war, which was slightly in excess of that of France, she will have about 173,000 square miles, and. instead of a population of 67,000,000 a population of 60,000,000. Conceivably the Rhenish republic which is to be created on the left bank of the Rhine may ultimately return to Germany, but even with this ultimate accretion Germany will still be smaller In area than Spain. But the measure of her loss is not expressed in square miles. She will lose the great iron deposits of Lorraine and the coal districts of the Saar outright to France; she will also lose her highly industrialized iron districts of upper Silesia "to Poland. Thus, while the reduction of her area Is comparatively small the reduction of her Industrial resources is enormous. On the military and naval Bide, Germany is to be compelled not only to abandon her claim to her war fleet, which has already been surrendered, but also to give up certain other ships destroy warships which are building, destroy all her submarine plants and In addition agree not to maintain an army in excess of 100,000 as contrasted with a standing army of nearly 800,000, when the war broke out. RigId provisions are to be made for the Inspection of German industrial plants to guard against rearmament, re-creation of submarine and airplane fleets and the accumulation of poison gases in considerable amounts. In sum, this means that Germany, having already surrendered most of her artillery and now deprived of her fleets and her instruments of war, forbidden to maintain a conscript army, pushed behind the Rhine on the west and the Vistula on the east, will be reduced to a condition which will make a new German attack on the western world unlikely for at least a quarter of a century, and steps have been taken to provide for the creation of a Rhenish republic that when such an attack comes, if it does, its first fury will be borne not in the French and Belgian industrial districts, but in the German-speaking regions of the Rhenish republic. As the congress of Vienna undertook to protect Europe against France after the Napoleonic wars, the congress of Versailles is seeking to protect Europe against a new German menace, and its military and territorial guaranties are absolutely of the most formidable character. (Continued on Page Ten)

Crisis in Affairs of World is Facing Powers, Declares Lansing in Paris Address

(By Associated Press) PARIS. March 12. "We have reached a crisis in the affairs of the world," said Secretary of State Robert Lansing at a banquet given last night by the Inter-Allied Press Club in honor of the American peace commissioners. Mr. Lansing was emphatic in his statement that the allies must feed Germany and give the Germans opportunity to sell their products in the foreign markets, if the danger of Bolshevism was to be avoided. He painted a vivid picture of conditions in the war zon of France and pointed out that it was not through pity for Germany but to the allies' own advantage to see that anarchy was prevented in the former German empire. Mr. Lansing said: "It is always a privileg9 for an American who knows the history of

bis country to be present on such an

Takes Crowder's Job Temporarily Brig. Gen. Edward A. Kregor. Brig. Gen. Edward A. Kregor, head of the branch of the judge advocate general's office at the grand head quarters of the A. E. F., has been i named to act as judge advocate gen- : eral in the absence of General Crowd'er. The appointment has created I much interest in view of the testimony which Brig. Gen. S. T. Ansell, former acting judge advocate general but now .reduced to lieutenant colonel, gave a senate committee. TWO TRANSPORTS ARE IN HARBOR WITHJGHTERS Company 1 67 of Ohio Arrives at New York New Engenders Among Troops. (By Associated Press) NEW YORK, March 12 With 1,922 troops the steamship Iowan arrived nere toaay irom at. Mazaire. units included the 101st trench mortar battery, four officers and 183 men of the 26th division the first troops of this New England division to arrive home. This battery is assigned to Camp Devens. 314th trench mortor battery, 3 of ficers and 129 men of the 89th divi sion (national army troops of Kansas, Missouri and Colorado - assigned to Camp Dodge. , .? 1 i - 316th trench .mortar battery," 3 .i. of ficers and 175 men of the 90th division (national army troops of Texas, Ariz ona, New -Mexico and Oklahoma) for Camps Bowie, Dix and Travis. 310th trench mortar battery, 3 officers and 142 men of the 85th div ision (national army troops of Michigan and Wisconsin) for Camp Custer. 108th trench mortar battery, 3 officers and 155 men, of the 33rd divi- ! sion (national guard troop3 of Illi nois) for Camp Grant. Ohio Company Home Also the following: 53rd company! transportation corps for Camps Grant, Logan, Meade, Lewis and Upton: fifth battery trench artillery for Camp Up-j ton, Dix, Sherman and Devens; supply detachment of 657th aero squadron; casual company No. 169 of New Jersey and 168, 171 and 179 of New York. The steamship Amphion brought 177 casual3, including Co. No. 167 of Ohio and Co. No. 149 of Texas. This vessel, gfrom St. Nazaire, had sailed for Newport News, but was diverted to New York. Among 32 casual troops on the steam ship Chinampa, from Lapallice, was Co. No. 35 of Massachusetts, one officer and 18 men. The steam ship Suriname, from Bordeaux, brought 44 casuals, including a detachment of Co. No. 28 (colored) of Kentucky. The hospital ship Mercy arrived today from Bordeaux with 318 sick and wounded men. RENO B. WELBOURN DIES AT CINCINNATI WINCHESTER, Ind., March 12. Reno B. Welbourn, 40 years old, died t on the operating taDie at the Good Samaritan hospital in Cincinnati, Monday afternoon. He was born in Union City, Ohio, ten miles east of here, and was a graduate of Earlham college. He was the first lecturer on the subject of wireless telegraphy, and lectured in every state in the Union. He was the discoverer of the solar engine. He was elected to the New York Academy of Science, a body of the foremost scientists of this country, as well as the world, without application on his own part. He is survived by his wife and two children, his mother and a brother. occasion as this, where the mutual friendship of France and the United States a traditional friendship of nearly a century and a half finds ex pression in words and a response In our hearts. "In the infancy of our republic across the seas the sympathy and aid of France gave the support which was needed to make individual liberty the supreme ruler of tho destinies of the new born nation. From that time forward, liberty has been and still Is the most sacred and most compelling impulse in political life in America. Our policies at home and abroad have been - molded to that principle. No American statesman has dared to depart from it or to seek to lessen its influence over American thought Today, we Americans are as earnest and Intense in aur devotion to human lib

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Man Barricaded in House Holds Fifty Policemen at Bay (By Associated Press) CHICAGO, March 12. Two policemen and a civilian are In hospitals today with bullet wounds inflicted by a man barricaded in his own house, while . the latter is dead with part of his head blown off, having turned his rifle against himself. For three hours early today, George Ondeck, a real estate dealer and expert markshan held more than half a hundred policemen at bay, exchanging shot for shot and driving the beseigers to cover of adjacent buildings. When Ondeck was reduced to his last cartridge he shot himself. Half an hour after the firing ceased the police entered the house and found Ondeck dead in a front room. In a rear room were Mrs, Ondeck and her six children lying on the floor to escape the bullets that crashed through the frame cottage walls. Ondeck is said to have been drinking and the police were hunting him with a warrant charging cruelty, sworn out by his wife.

RUSSIAN DUKE SEES NEED OF INTERVENTION Years Required to Settle Conditions, Predicts Noble Has Hopes for Royalty. (By Associated Press) PARIS, March 12. Former Grand Duke Alexander Michaelovltch, who arrived in Paris recently from the Crimea, told the Associated Press today that unless armed allied intervention in Russia began at once the situation In Russia would become so hopelessly desperate that it would take years, perhaps decades, to restore a semblance of order and bring about peace in eastern Europe. The former grand duke, who is a brother-in-law of the former emperor, continued: - "I do not ask the allies to fight for us. We merely ask them to keep order in the territories wrested from Bolshevism by the governments already fighting the Soviets. "I came here in January in an attempt to help my country as a private citizen acquainted with conditions in Russia. I thought I would find justice and sympathy at the peace conference, but I have been disappointed as I found only personal intrigues, party politics and national egotism. :- --v-'- ;? --v - Proposed Conference Mistake "I requested President Wilson to receive me, but he replied to his secretary that he was too busy with peace conference matters. What matter can be more momentous to the peace conference than the Russian question? I asked to be allowed to go to England but was refused a passport, yet they received Kerensky. I dare not request permission to visit America, not wishing to invite a rebuff." Referring to the proposed conference on the Prince's Islands, the grand duke said that the proposal was a mistake as it gave the Bolshevik! a strong weapon to wield in Russia over the cowering population. The Bolsheviki are claiming, the grand duke added, that the allied governments have recognized them because they feared the Bolsheviki. Still Hopes for Royalty "On January 25," the grand duke continued, "seven days after the Prince's Islands proposal the Bolsheviki led out my two brothers and two cousins from the fortress of St. Peter and St Paul and shot them without trial. They never would have dared to do this unless they had been sure of the moral support afforded by the semi recognition by the peace conference. "Had President Wilson come out strongly and surely with a repudiation of and non-recognition of the Bolsheviki, it would have encouraged the government warring against them. Bolshevism will be the devil in the future league of nations." Wants Frank Statement The grand duke was somewhat skeptical whether royalty was a thing of the past. He then reverted to conditions in Russia saying: "What we want from the allies is a frank statement of whether they intend to intervene in Russia or not or whether we have to look elsewhere for salvation. Under their present state of mind the would-be ruling classes in Russia probably will look to Germany for help and the Germans understand how to deal with the Bolsheviki. "It is my opinion that the Spartacan movement in Germany is kept alive only as a means of blackmail against the allies. When the preliminary peace is signed, when Germany has used the Spartacus to the utmost to blackmail the entente into sending food and granting merciful conditions of peace, when Spartacanlsm has served its purpose, it will disappear. erty as were our forebears In days when the grandiers of France, shoulder to shoulder with the sturdy countrymen of Washington, fought for great principle which is the cornerstone of our republic. Mighty Victory Won. "It was when the people of the United States came to a full realization that the liberty for which they had fought and to which they owed their power and prosperity was In danger; when they realized that France and the great democracies of Europe were imperilled from the attack of an ambitious autocracy that the nation with unsurpassed unanimity took up the sword with a firm determination to do its part in freeing liberty and the world from autocracy." . .-.: "A mighty victory has been " won." The imperial armies of the central

NEW SESSION OF CONGRESS WILL INHERIT RAIL PROBLEM Advocates of Seven Groups of Interests to Urge Prompt Action at Opening of Legislature. EXTENSION IS OPPOSED

(By Associated Press) - WASHINGTON, March 12 Adjournment of congress without legislation providing a solution of the railroad problem leaves this question as ono of the principal heritages of the next congress. Advocates of various plans already have begun to promote propaganda for their respective theories, and are prepared to urge congress to take up consideration early in the next session. At that time, testimony taken before the senate interstate commerce committee of the present congress will be available. The new group of legislators will be confronted with recommendations of seven groups of interests. These are: The railroad administration, railroad executives, railway labor, railroad security owners, interstate commerce commission, shippers, and state commission. The railroad administration's endorsement of a five-year extension of federal management was opposed by all other interests, excent that thel labor group's opposition was qualified. '. All Interests except the railroad administration and railway labor advocated return to private management as soon as congress has enacted legislation permitting a larger measure of unified operation and of stricter government control. The labor forces proposed government ownership with private management. Summarized Views The varied views may be summarized as follows: Railroad Administration For five year extension of government control, with alternative of early return of the roads to private management. Former Director General McAdoo regarded the ' five years as a period to test all theojries; his successor, Walker D. Hines, regarded it as an interim course, rather than a test, to give congress time to work out a permanent solution. Mr. McAdoo presented no permanent solution; Mr. Hines proposed eventual private management, 'with mergers of the numerous roads into six or more regional companies, with more uniform financial strength, the government 'represented on the boards of direc- ' tors, profits to be shared with the gov-! ernment and perhaps employes, and ' the roads assured adequate return on , investments. Interstate Commerce Commission For private operation, with privileges of pooling equipment and facilities, cooperation in operating plans, mergers within limits, government regulation of securities issues, clarification of the twilight aone between state and federal authority, complete mergers, in time of war or emergency; regulation of construction, and development and coordination of inland waterways with rail lines. All this would be under the regulation of a government agency, presumably the Interstate commerce commission. (Continued on Page Two) THE WEATHER For Indiana by the United States Weather Bureau Fair and warmer tonight. Thursday cloudy, becoming unsettled by Thursday night. Today's Temperature. Noon 50 CLEAR Yesterday. Maximum 43 Minimum 26 For Wayne County by W. E. Moore Increasing cloudiness tonight and Thursday. Mild wave. General Conditions Weather is generally fair over the central and eastern portion of the United States, but a storm over the northwest is causing unsettled weather which is developing over the northwestern states. Mild temperatures prevail over the plain states, where temperatures are as high as 64 in North Dakota, Colorado. Nebraska and Kansas. Colder weather is overspreading western Canada behind a storm. Weather is severely cold over Alaska, 20 below zero at Eagle. A mild wave over the west will move east and cause temperatures above normal during next 24 hours. powers have ceased to threaten. They no longer exist. Scattered and broken they have returned to their homes, where hunger or privation await them hunger and privation which are the consequences of their own blind faith in evil men who led them into , this unrighteous war. , "Germany has suffered bitterly, is ' suffering bitterly, and Germany is entitled to suffer for what she has done. She has paid a fearful penalty for the crime of slugging the world into four years of blood and fire. Today starvation and want are the portions of the German people. Violence and murder stalk through the streets of the great cities. Political institutions, Industrial enterprise and the very structrue of society are tottering. It is the price of their own evil doing,' the just retribution for their crimes. ,

These Pretty Boys Will Grow Up To Be Lords and Live in Idleness

Hon. William Fielding (left) and Hon. Geoffrey Browne. . Having been born Into wealthy and blue-blooded British families, these lads have before them lives of endless idleness. The Hon. William Fielding Is- the eldest son of Viscount Fielding. The Hon. Goeffrey Browne is the second son of Lord and Lady Oranmore and Browne.

Friends Best Fitted to Face Task of Reconstruction, Declares Russell

Speaking -on the work of the Society of Friends as Peace Makers, Elbert Russell, former professor in Earlham college, and now head of Woolman's School, Swathmore, Penn., recently said to the office force of the American Friends' Service committee and a group of young men and women about to enter Reconstruction work in France that the Friends' Society was the only one of the historic Protestant denominations of the United States which met the horror of the Great War with a constructive program of applied Christianity, vy.-1 v'f-i.:-..-'. . 7 Part of this address, which appears in this week's Amertcan Friend, follows:', ;1-;"Vv!V,;!.;,',.;! -v; ' V "The other denominations turned over the relief, healing and other Christian social service to organizations such as the Belgium Relief Commission, the Red Cross and the Y. M. C. A. Only the Society of Friends had sufficient historical momentum to enable it to enter on a definite program of healing and rebuilding in a ravaged world, and sufficient Christian grace and spiritual power for its different branches to build a common organization adequate to the task undertaken. "We have only to expand and continue this reconstruction work to become a society of Peace Makers in Christ's sense," he said. "It is one of the tragedies by which Christ has been crucified afresh, that the peace makers whom he calls sons of God, should in this generation be regarded as cowards, anarchists, traitors, proGermans, Bolshevists, and enemies of mankind generally. "There will be no difficulty in expanding the work once we catch the vision and set our faces toward the goal," he encouraged. "We Friends are not able, even with volunteers from outside our body, to deal with more than a few fields. We might," he explained, "choose Mexico after we get our hands free from the worst war-created needs of Europe. We ought to keep a force of a thousand or two. thousand men and women there for a generation. They should go as Christian physicians, nurses, as sanitary, civil and mechanical engineers; teachers, farmers, business men, editors, publishers and preachers. "The young people who go should make it clear that they come as friends of Mexico, to help her and to share her lot.. They should leave no ground for suspicion that they are the camel's nose of an American invasion. They should, while there, renounce all privileges of American citizenship, all reliance on our government for protection or influence." He suggested that there has perhaps been some question that this is the same work that the Red Cross, the Y. M. C. A. and the foreign missionaries are doing. "Why not simply support their work" he asked. "The answer is that these lines of "We may be disposed to pity those innocent among the Germans, but our pity is almost dried up when we consider what France and other nations have had to suffer from the invading armies of the Teutons. Ten days after I landed in France, in December, I made it my business to visit the battlefields of the Marne, Aisne and the Champagne. I saw the ruins of Chateau Thierry and Fismes; I saw the stately and historic cathedral of Rheims, a monument to the ferocity of the Germans; I saw the scarred and upturned fields of Champagne and deBerted places where once had been thriving, happy villages; I saw the Marne whose crumbling walls bore witness to the . rightfulness of the war. No man could see what I saw in those days without bearing a burning indignation against , those respon-

service do not represent a conscious and organized Christian service to the world as the antithesis of limited national patriotism, as the Christian substitute for war and the attitude that leads to war. "Christian missions are as yet pretty much tied to the chariot of denominationalism. They are also committed to our half pagan nationalism. "In the last analysis , of duty the Red Cross is hopelessly committed to the theory of the omnipotent state. It does good to others only by ' permission of its own. ' government, and In the emergency. of . war stands . ready with side arms not only, to carry the wounded out, of the battle line but io carry ammunition in. ' "The Y. M. C. A. likewise finally Identified Christianity with patriotism, wore a uniform, accepted a government commission to keep soldiers morally and physically fit to fight, operated the army canteen, declared a moratorium on its scruples about cigarets, for example, upheld military courage and self-sacrifice as the highest virtues, and put away a good deal of its moral code with its civilian clothes, as not useful until the war Is over." Russel said he was not minimizing the work of the missionaries, the Red Cross, nor the Y. M. C. A. but was merely calling attention to the fact that their work is circumscribed by the acknowledged power of the state, by the traditional limitations of Protestantism. . m.

Protect the Jurymen (By Associated Press) NEW YORK, March 12. Because Mrs. Betty Inch was too generous in J the display of her ankle to jurymen wno iauea a monm ago io agree on a verdict in her trial on a charge of extortion, she found the witness stand surrounded by a four foot board fence when she appeared today in the supreme court for the second hearing of her case. "What is this, a spite fence?" asked the comely Mrs. Inch, when she entered the court room. The partition concealed all but her j head and shoulders when she took the stand. She Is being tried on a charge of extorting $215 from Eugene P. Herman, president of the Herman Motor Truck company. Swiss Recognize Czech And Polish Governments (By Associated Press BERNE, March 12. The Swiss government decided today to recognize the Polish and Czecho-Slovak states and to establish diplomatic relations with them. Poland has already appointed Baron Modzelewsky minister at Berne. I sible for such ruins and destruction, i ', without an intense and undying hatred I iui wai. i Greatest Praise for French. "My friends, France has endured unspeakable woes with a fortitude and : determination which excite the ad-j miration and wonder of the world T : ; can not pick words to express the ' . praise I would give to the French ! i armies, to the French people and their ' exeat leaders who lived throne-h th i black days of horror, when stoutest j hearts might well have despaired. vvnat greater pride can a man feel than he who is able to sayi was in the trenches at Verdun.' 'I fought at the Somme." To these splendid troops who struggled month after month and year after year without flinching and with high courage, France and he world owe a debt of gratitude which

PEACE BODY WOULD OPEN RHINE RIVER TO NATIONS

Commission Advises That German River be Controlled by International Body Investigate Intrigue Against Czechs. ACTION ON BOUNDARIES (By Associated Press) PARI3, March 12. Recommendations that the navigation of the Rhine be opened to all nations without discrimination was made in a report to the peace conference today by the commission on the international regime of waterways, railways and ports. It Is suggested that the Rhine be controlled by a commission similar to the Danube commission. The status of Kiel canal has been settled by the commission on the basis of the freedom of use for all nations for merchant ships or war ships in time of peace.- The canal would continue under German ownership and operation. The question of the fortification of the canal is left by the commission to the decision of military and naval experts. . Investigate Intrigue An Investigation of German-Austrian and Hungarian Intrigues against the new state of Czecho-Slovakia, as soon as documentary evidence is received,: was decided upon at the meeting of the Supreme Council today. The official statement issued after the meeting reads: "The Supreme Council considered communications from the Armistice Commission regarding the situation In Poland. At the request of Czechoslovak Republic concerning GermanAustrian and Hungarian intrigue against the new state, the Council considered the reports and decided to Investigate them as soon as documentary evidence is received. Boundaries Fixed Soon. "The Council then discussed the conditions under which the Powers with special interests and the states in process of formation should participate in the discussions with the great Powers respecting their frontiers." : - The decision of the various be and-. ary commissions of the Peace Conference are being framed in accordance . with the instructions of the Supreme Council for epeedy action by the conference. It is expected that all the reports will be completed by the end of the week. The commissions have been told that when they could not agree they should submit the reports of various viewpoints, leaving It to the Council to make a decision. The American members of the commissions, it is reported, have been coldly judicial and without favoritism, thereby Incurring criticism from partisan claimants almost daily. WILSON TO BE IN ... . PARIS BY FRIDAY (By Associated Press) ON BOARD THE U. S. t. GEORGE WASHINGTON, (by wireless to A. P.) March 12. President Wilson expects to reach Brest in time to leave there Thursday evening for Paris, after a brief reception at the port. He took up . today active preparation for his peace conference labors and exchanged wireless messages with members of the American delegation In Paris. The president expects to arrive in Paris by Friday morning. ?He hopes that plenary session of the peace conference will be held within a week after his arrival in order to clear up some of the important questions held in abeyance during his absence in the United States. Women Ontnnmber Men in Chicago Registration (By Associated Prss CHICAGO, III., March 12.. Women outnumbered men by nearly 2,000 in the supplementary registration yesterday, when, according to complete re.turns today 133,084 persons eligible to vote at the mayoralty election April 1 were enrolled. The total number of eligible voters . now on the registration books is 808,903, an increase of 38,987 over the registration for the mayoralty election four years ago. the eternal memory of man only can repay. "And now that the great conflict is ended and the mighty war engine of Prussia is crushed, we have new problems to solve, new dangers to overcome. 'East of the Rhine are famine and idleness, want and misery. Political chaos and outlawry have supplanted the highly organized government of Imperial Germany. Social or der is breaking down under the difficulties of defeat and the hopelessness of the future. Like the anarchy which for years made an inferno of Russia, the fires of terrorism are ablaze in the states of Germany. Over the ruins of this once great empire the flames are sweeping westward. It is no time to allow sentiments of vengeance and hatred to stand in the way of check(Continued on Page Four)