Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 44, Number 91, 25 February 1919 — Page 1

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Palladium consouaatea LEAGUE CIST PROTECTNEW NATIONS FOR OWSAFETY Society of Nations Will Show Strength if Strong Buffer States Are Built up Against Germany. HEED STRONG POLAND By FRANK H. 8IMONDS. . (Copyright, ltlt.br Th McClure Newspaper Syndicate) ARIS, Feb. , 19. 1919. In the new armiatlce terms which have just been accepted by Germany with every show of reluctance, the Urst step has been taken in the direction of dealing with the the practical problems of peace. For more than a month the Paris conference has been wrestling with that whole series of questions which extend from Principo to Paradise, and at last It has undertaken to deal with the creation of one of the new states which must be the foundation of future peace in Europe. It is a hesitating step that the Allies have taken In respect to Poland. In tracing the line about the City of Posen beyond which the German armies may not pass, the Allies have recognized in t principle the claims of the Poles upon various districts in Eastern Germany, in which they constitute the majority of the population. Hut they have not by any means made this line include all the Polish population, even in the province of Posen, and they have still avoided the great Question, which is, whether the Poles shall occupy the left bank of the Vistula from the old Russian frontier to the Gulf of Dantzic and thus obtain a window upon the sea and an economic independence absolutely essential to existence of a strong Poland. The Polish question is one of the most In tricate, and at the same time one of the mot3ltal -which confronts the Peace Conference. . Russia is a chaos beyond tho capacity of the Allies to deal with. - They have recognized this and practically have abandoned Russia to Bolshevism. Nothing seems more certain than that Bolshevik Russia and Germany will ultimately draw toother and that the vast resources rf Hjjftela-wiU be ordered and organic.! by Germany unless a powerful Polish barrier state is placed between the, Germans and tho Bolsheviks.- - ; . Must Be United. To make a strong Poland, it Is essential not only that the Poles of Austria and of Russia should be united, but that there should be also' included in the frontiers of new state four or five million Poles of Germany, and that this new state should have the old Polish port of Dantzic on the Baltic. But the creation of such a Polish state is clearly undesirable for the Bolsheviks, who are seeking to overrun Europe with their doctrines of anarchy, and for the Germans, who would not only lose direct access to Russia, but also see their eastern territories mutilated and that condition restored which led Frederick the Great to engineer the first partition of Poland. ' ' . While they were victorious the Germans created out of Russian Poland a state which, like the baltic provinces, like conquered Roumania, was to be a creature of Mlttel-Europa. Between Germany and Austria, up to the downfall of both, there existed bitter controversy as to whether this new Poland should be united with Gallcia to make part of the Hapsburg empire, or not. When Germany and Austria were defeated, the Poles of Russia and of Austria at once proclaimed their independence and began an ef fort to restore Poland. But they were at once assailed, both by the Germans and by the Bolsheviks; they were also attacked to the south by the Ukrainians, with whom they have had an age-long quarrel over Lemberg, and finally there arrived a dispute between tho Bohemians and the Poles, about Upper Silesia. Part of German Problem. Recognizing that Poland was, after all, the corner-stone of the new European system ,the most important detail in the program of liberating the enslaved peoples, it will be seen how great has been the apprehension in Paris over the constantly worsening condition in Poland. At the present hour, the Bolsheviks hold Vilna, the Ukranlans are bombarding Lemberg, and the Germans were invading Pospn, when the terms of the new armistice were served upon them. At bottom, the Polish situation Is part of the great problem as to whether Germany shall be able again to attack Europe, not alone with her own strength, butwlth the unwilling aid of millions of subjects peoples. In 1914, some sixty-three millions of Germans In Germany holding seven millions of Usatlansfl Poles and Danes, and twenty-two millions of Germans and Hungarians In Austria, holding thirty million of Slavs and Latins, attacked France and Russia. Thus Germany and Austria together were able to employ against France and Russia the military resources of thirty-seven millions of subject people, a population nearly as great as thatof France. But for these resources Germany would have been beaten in the first two years of the war by Russia and France. The whole scheme of MittelEuropa was that seventy-five millions of Germans in Germany and Austria, together with ten millions of Hungarians and five millions of Bulgarians, should dominate an empire containing at least one hundred and fifty millions ' of people of various races, and use (Continued on Page Ten)

Vol. xuv, no. si

and ' Sun-Telegram

hot Sidney Story. The use America can make of the shlDvards and ships she has acquired as a Tesult of the war Is being pointed out in speeches throughout the coun try by Sidney Story. He is an expert on marine problems. CHINESE REPEAT CHARGE AGAINST JAP DELEGATION Will Insist on Revealing Se cret Treaties Premier Grateful for U. S. Aid. (By Associated Press) -PEKING, Feb. 25 Denials by Baron Chlnda of the Japanese delegation to the peace conference and other Japanese officials that Japan had exerted pressure here against the activities of China s peace conference delegation, have brought from Chinese officials in cluding Premier Chim Hun-Hsun, re affirmations of the original declaration. These reaffirmations were brought out by Japanese news agency reports from Pekin that the state ments regarding Japan's action wera due to a rival German propaganda. Japan's latest efforts in China is reported to, be a endeavor -to conclude the unratified . agreement for Japanese railway extension in Shantung, Manchuria and Mongolia,- which have been submitted to the peace conference. Will Support League "China is very grateful to President Wilson and the , United States delegates to tho peace conference for the help they have extended our delegates in Paris," said Premier Chin Hun-Hsun today. "The whole Chinese nation wishes to thank the United States through the Associated Press." Describing the newly organized Chinese league of nations society, the premier said its object was-to. arouse the interest of the people in the league and give all possible assistance to the Chinese delegates at Paris. Several weeks ago, he said, the Chinese government dispatched a cable message to President Wilson, setting forth the readiness of China to participate in the league and now he expects the Chinese parliament to telegraph an expression of its support to the organization. The premier said that he was much gratified over the election of Wellington Koo. Chinese ambassador to the United Stataes, to a place on the commission for a league of nations, and added that China was ready at the proper moment to take whatever part or undertake any duty that might be assigned to her. "China intends to publish all secret agreements made during the war, even commercial engagements and the Chino-Japanese convention," .he said. Trouble Expected. The Chinese delegates to the peace conference were urged to make public thse documents before the departure of President Wilson from Paris," he remarked. . "Of course," he continued; "China expects the powers to disclose any secret agreements they may have among themselves concerning China." No trouble over this step is expected, since Japan no longer strongly objects and there are no disagreements between China and Japan, so far as the Chinese government is aware, the premier asserted. Referring to Japan's expressed displeasure over the attitude of the Chinese delegates in Paris, he declared that China, "knowine that America and Great Britain supported her, took the golden oppor tunity of standing on ner own ieei and resisting pressure applied from outside." Chin Nun-Usun said he was hopeful reeardinz a solution to the problems arising from China's internal difficulties and believed that a satisfactory agreement could be reached at the confernece at Snanghal. The interview was at Shanghai. Winter's OnWay-But It Will Only Stay Few Days "Winter is coming again, weatherman Moore says. A cold wave is forecast for this, vicinity and will arrive this afternoon or tonight. Temperatures will go down below freezing tonight, Moore says, and may get near zero tomorrow night. This cold spell is due to a cold wave that Is coming from Medicine: Hat, Canada. A few snow flurries may accompany the cold weather, but a general snow is not expected. - Moore says this cold wave will last only a few days.

Discusses Need of Ships and Yards 4d

500,000 Soldiers from .

A.E.F.YiUDeHcne Before First of My (Br Associated Press! - PARIS. Feb. , 25. Nearly five hun dred thousand men of the American Expeditionary forces will, before July 1, either have returned to the United States, or will be homeward bound, according to the plans of the -general staff, announced in a general order by Brigadier General James W. MCAndrew, chief of stall today. The 27th, 85th, 37th and 91et divisions will sail in March; the 26th, 77th, 82d, 36th and 42d In April; the 32d. 28th, 33d 80th and 88th in May, and the 89th, 90th, 20th and 79th in June. , . - . GERMAN PARTIES JOIN IN ACTION FOR WT TIME Conservatives and Radicals Vote Together - Scheid Name to Succeed Eisner. r (By Associated Press WEIMAR, Monday, Feb. 24. Conservatives and Independent Socialists were able to unite for the first time this afternoon. When the national defense section of the new constitution came up for first reading, Hugo Haase,' Independent Socialist, protested that his party had not been given legal advance notice that the measure was to be considered. Konstantine Fehrenbach at first ruled that the first ruling would go on but that there might not be any debate. Then noticing only eleven Independent Socialists in their seats, he attempted parliamentary strategy and asked if fifteen members, the requisite number to prevent consideration, would vote against the measure. Enough conservatives came forward to aid the Independent Socialists in deferring action. Hugo Preuss, who framed the tentative draft of the new constitution, spoke daring the day. Ho told of the differences of opinion which had to be overcome before the document could be brought to the form in which it was presented before the assembly. He said that the work had been done in 48 hours but denied that it was a "patchwork." Demands Equal Place ' "The new colors of. black, red and gold, typify New- Germany, which will include in time German Austria and finally Russian- Germany," he said, "Germany, will Je a sponsor for the league of nations if received on equal I terms. She wiu not be a minority member.".. " U.-v-mv-.;.;- :j ' .-.. Dr. Otto Banerv foreign minister of German Austria will arrive tomorrow to conduct negotiations for a union of Germany and German Austria. Herr Scheid has been named Bavarian premier in succession to Kurt Eisner, who was assassinated last w.pk. Herr Seeitz. a majority Socialist, has been appointed Bavarian i

minister or tne interior, guweeuiag,""",.'. r

Herr Auer. who was shot at Munich at the disorders there, according to Munich dispatches. Spartacans Halt Election. BERLIN, Feb. 25. Spartacan forces have prevented municipal elections from being held at Duesseldorf. Armed bands on Saturday demanded from some election presidents the lists of voters, as a result of which action, elections could not be held in these t rests Other Spartacan bands, armed with rifles and hand grenades, appeared at most of the polling booths on Sunday evening and seized ballot boxes and lists of voters, which were burned or thrown into the Rhine. Lively fighting Is reported in some election precincts. Herr Fuldzennek, Spartacan leader In the Bottrop district, in Westphalia, has been killed while resisting arrest by government troops. He had attempted to incite mobs to further rioting there, it is . alleged. The Geretenberg division, which restored order in Bremen, has arrived in the Bottrop district and will be reinforced by an army corps which has been stationed at Wilhelmshaven. Fighting at MannheimA telegram from Karlshurh reports that serious fighting continues at Mannheim, with varying . success, for the possession of the newspaper Volks Timme. As everything is quiet in Baden, with the exception of Mannhim. the state of siege has been raised. Six persons arrested on suspicion of being connected with disorders at Mannheim, have been released on demand ' of the Soldiers' Council at Karlsruh. . The attempt of Bavarian Spartacans to organize a revolution in Baden and establish a soviet government has failed, except at Mannheim, the energetic action of the Baden government, which immediately marched government troops into Karlshruhe, arrested radical leaders and proclaimed a state of siege, having apparently killed the movement, according to advices received here. ( The Mannheim outbreak, which Is said to have been organized by the Bavarian communist leader, Mueham, was more successful than those elsewhere. The Spartacan forces are still in possession of the city, which is cut off from the rest of the country. Borah To Give Address At Emmet Celebration - - (By Associated . Press) ; , ( NEW YORK, Feb. 25 United States Senator William E. Borah, of Idaho, will deliver the principal address at a Robert Emmet celeurauon in Brooklyn, ' March 9, by- the Clan-na-Gael of Long Island. The question of selfdetermination for Ireland will be given serious consideration by the various speakers, it was stated. Senator James D. Phelan, of California, also is on tho program.

RICHMOND,: IND TUESDAY EVENING,

INDUSTRIAL GUIS HOLD INTEREST IN LEGISLATURE Nine-Hour Work Day Provision for Women Approved in Report- Modification Compensation Law Amendment. APPROVE LAUGIILIU BILL BULLETIN (By Associated Press) INDIANAPOLIS, Feb. 25 The McCray anti-German lang uage bill was passed by the house of the Indiana legislature this , afternoon without debate or amendment from the form in which it was received from the senate. The passage was under suspension of the rules. The amended workmen's compensa tion act also was passed by the house. ': INDIANAPOLIS, Feb. 25. Modification of the bill to amend the workmen's compensation law. by restoring the 65 ' percent compensation, provision and adoption of reports of committee for passage of bills repealing the state public service commission law and for fixing the nine-hour work day for women in industry were the noteworthy actions of the" house of the Indiana legislature at the session this morning. Much time was lost today in debate on committee reports. Speaker Eschbach again reminded the members that the final adjournment is less than two weeks off. He said that because of this fact the house will not consider any senate bills on passage this week, but will endeavor to get as many of the house bills to the upper branch of the assembly as possible. - The Harris measure, providing for amendments to the workmen's compensation law as desired b the Intiiana industrial Joard was amended by striking out a number of provisions. ; New features now in the bill provide for the membership of the commission being increased from 3 to 5 attorneys receiving their fees for service out of the award to the employe direct from the compensating authority and not from the employe, for flreK. - . law rega'ess o utive" so that employes need Mt 6e off duty seven consecutive days before being entitled to compensation. ' The McKinley measure, fixing the eight-hour work day for women in industry in Indiana ' was amended by adoption of a report by t majority of the committee to provide a maximum

work day being nine hours. The house j ever, ai we request adopted by a vive. voce vote the report make the following official explanaof the minority of the committee on .tion: judiciary A, recommending passage of -American troops 1 have no intention the Laughlin measure providing fori of defending or sheltering political repeal of the public service commls- Parties or groups whether they are sion law. Representative Kimmel. called Bolshevik! or other names. The

chairman of the committee, and others who urged the bill be indefinitely postponed charged that malice was back of the movement to repeal the law. Roll Call Suspended. Other salary increase measures passed the senate today with nine dissenting votes. It provides for a $10 a day salary for field examiners of the state board of accounts, against a pres- j ent salary of $8. I The regular appropriations bill was received from the house, but Lieut. Gov. Bush withheld action on it. He said he would refer it to the senate as a committee of the whole this afternoon. Roll calls for the introduction of bills will be suspended during the 11 remaining days of the session, the lieutenant-governor announced. In view of the large amount of business to be transacted within such a short time, new bills would have email chance of Dassing both houses. Senator Alldredge was trying to line up the committee on public morals to recommend passage of the Wright "bone dry" amendment to the prohibition law. If there is a divided report on the measure, it would be killed under a rule adopted by the senate yesterday. The Munton "anti masher" bill will be indefinitely postponed, Alldredge said. Report Highway Bill The house highway commission measure is being considered by the senate roads committee and Senator Dobyns said he likely would report this bill out of committee this after noon witn recommenaauons mai n. be amended 4o remove some of the power conferred on the director. Senator McCray said today that the Sunday "movie" bill now has practically the same status as when the senate failed to pass it 25 to 22. Several bills were passed at the morning session among them being pne by Munton, authorizes railroad companies to condemn property which obstructs the view at a crossing; by Ratts, permitting tho transfer , - of school ouoils to nearer schools in the same or different counties; and by Self, increasing the rates allowed newspapers for legal notices. Senate Joint resolution . 35 for amending the constitution to permit official decision of the supreme court on pending or proposed legslatlon was under discussion when adjournment was taken at noon. Final action on this was to be taken this afternoon.

FEB. 25, 1919.

NEW TYPE OF MEN. RULE GERMANY

fe fir

Bernstein (left) and Haase. Note the dress of these men who are now counted among the rulers of

Germany. Only a few months ago German cabinet otneers were aressea up in gold lace and medals. But these men of Ebert's cabinet prefer to go about clad in the garb of the workman. Bernstein is a majority socialist Hasse be

longs to the minority group ol the same EFFORT MADE TO CAUSE DISCORD WITH JAPANESE (By Associated Press) "VLADIVOSTOK, Monday Feb. 24. Attacks by certain newspapers on the attitude of the American troops in eastern. Siberia with the evident purpose of attempting to arouse Russian sentiment against the Americans and to . create discord between the Americans and Japanese have been answered by Col. . Henry D. Styer, of the American army. The attacks were baaed on the facts that Jthe Americans had given protection at v Khabarovsk to -1,600' Cossacks ; who had mutined against Qener4 Krtmikoff, their com; mander. ' ' . - r ' An alleged , wireless dispatch from Funadashi (near Tokio) reproduced in the Vestnik, says that only the presence of the Japanese troops at Khabarovsk prevented part of the American troops from joining the mutineers. The Dalny Vostok, the organ of General Kalmikoff declares that i tiiA mutiny was nrmncpri in territory and that tAmerl American soldiers took part in the AVrLTT. tude of the Americans toward the Russians as one of arrogance and condencsion. "It is not the habit of American officers," says Col. Styer in his statement, "to pay attention to absorbed gossip and newspaper criticism. HowAmericans recently disarmed the Cossack deserters for the sole purpose of avoiding blood-shed and disorder. We are keeping them under guard while the allied military council at Vladivostok decides what is to be done with them. The American troops are always ready to act conjointly with the commander of the allied force in the defense of safety." British Mining Experts Study Polish Conditions (By Associated Press) WARSAW, Sunday, Feb. 23. An economic mission composed of six British railway and mining experts has arrived here for the purpose of making studies preliminary to submitting a report on conditions to the British government. Ten trainloads of food have been shipped la fron Danzig, where relief ships are being unloaded.' One train has been sent to Lemberg but the Ukrainians have cut off railway communication beyond that .point. THE WEATHER For Indiana by United States Weather Bureau Fair, much colder tonight and Wednesday with a cold wave. . Today's Temperature. Noon 37 Yesterday. ; Maximum 45 Minimum 22 For Wayne County by W. E. Moore Cold wave this afternoon or tonight with snow. Wednesday, mostly fair and continued cold. - General Conditions The third storny of a week, the center of which passed through Indiana this morning and is moving gradually eastward attended by rain and snow. - Severe cold weather prevails throughout -the northwest. Temperatures are 36 below zero at Prince Albert. Sask. Temperatures did not get above zero at any time during the past 36 hours over the northwest and the zero line has moved southward to Nebraska and Iowa. , This cold ware will probably cause 'J temperatures near zero over this district during the next 36 hours.

party. . v Eighty-five Thousand German Helmets To Be Given Away by U. S. (By Associated Press. '.. WASHINGTON, Feb. 25. Eight-five thousand captured German helmets, sent to this country by General Pershing, for Victory Liberty Loan advertising, and now dumped in a huge pile at Hoboken, N. J., today sent government lawyers prying into their books to find some statutes under which the "iron hats", might be given away. " At first the war department said the loan managers' plans for using the helmets as prizes for the best records in each district could not be carried out becaueitfiB"1pr6i'eTnment, by : law," was forbidden from giving away materials. Then Frank P. -Wilson, director of loan publicity, ' thought of an old law permitting the ' government to give away "munitions- of no value." Now war department lawyers are checking up on the law. Meanwhile, a long distance tele phone message to the treasury from Hoboken said souvenir hunters from the neighborhood are nibbling into the pile of helmets without waiting the lawyers decision. CLEMENCEAU EAGER TO RETURN TO 'YORK ' PARIS, Feb. 25 Premier Clemenceau's progress is such that he is now classed as a convalescent. Latest reports continue to indicate that he is continuing and that he he will soon return to work. The greatest difficulty now experienced by his physicians is in keeping him in his apartment. While at first it was very hard to keep him from exerting himself he now wants to get out of doors. A delegation of Australians was received last evening by Premier W. M. Hughes, of Australia. They conveyed to him a message from three different organizations of Australian soldiers serving in. Belgium, expressing their admiration for M. Clemenceau and their hope for his speedy recovery. " Emile Cottin, the premier's wouldbe assassin, will be interrogated today by Captain Bouchard, of the Paris military court. Several arrests were made yesterday, those taken into custody having political inclinations similar to those of Cottin. Shipyard Workers to Vote On Country-Wide Strike PORTLAND, Ore., Feb. 25. Endorsement of the metal yard ship strikes at Seattle and Tacoma, which , gnce Jan wag g,ven ,agt n,ght by ithe Pacific Coast Metal Trades Dis trict Council, which concluded an 8day conference here . by calling for a referendum vote of all jurisdictional unions on a proposal for a countrywide strike April 1. The proposed strike would be for the purpose of enforcing wage demands made by Puget Sound shipyard workers in excess of those fixed by the . Macy awards, which expire March 31. Th6 council, in announcing its decision, issued an official statement In which it "brands as false the, state ments and insinuations that have been circulated to the effect that the "northwest strike was a .Bolshevist movement." Continuing, the statement says: -"The convention went on record unanimously in favor of the establishment of a six-hour day in order to make employment for those that are unemployed. SEVERE FIGHTING OCCURS 111 PRAGUE AMSTERDAM, . Feb. 25. Severe fighting took place all day Saturday in Prague, the capita! of Bohemia, In which the national guard and students drove the anti-government communists from public buildings which they had occupied according to the Lokal Anzeiger, of Berlin, v

WILSON DACK

AT HIS DESK after tone STAY ABROAD Sends Message to Burton Expressing Confidence in Support of League of Nations Meets Cabinet Today. t -: REVENUE DILL SIGNED (By Associated Press) - WASHINGTON, Feb. 25 Back in the white bouse after an absence of nearly three months. President Wilson was working away at . his desk this morning when surprised members of the staff of executive officers began to report. His first act without waiting for the office force was to send a telegram to Theodore E. Burton, president of the league of nations union at New York, reiterating his confidence ' that the people of the United States with prac tical unanimity would support the . league of nations. Mr. Burton, republican and former senator from Ohio, ' had telegraphed . a welcome to the president as recognized leader of the league of nations movement. . The president's train from New York reached here at . 5 o'clock after an eventful run from Boston, where the executive received his notable wel come home yesterday on his arrival from France. Greeted by Crowd President Wilson arrived In Washington at five o'clock . this morning from Boston, where he landed yesterday from the transport George Washington. Because of . the early hour, he and Mrs. Wilson remained on their special train some time before going to the white house. At the request of the president, there was no formal reception at the station, but a large crowd was on hand when Mr. and Mrs. Wilson left their private car and walked through the station to waiting automobiles. Passing through the station with a brisk step, Mr. Wilson found a cheering early morning crowd of travellers awaiting him. He acknowledged the applause by lifting his hat and smiling. Many scores of soldiers in the crowd stood rigidly at attention as the commander in chief passed by. ' - Faces Busy Week- - - On reaching his desk the president briskly 6et to work on matters requiring his attention which had been accumulating since he left Paris, ten days ago. The more Important legislation awaiting his signature, includes the six billion dollar war reveie bill, was taken to Boston by Secretary Tumulty. . The president was faced with a busy week before bis departure about March 5,. for the return trip to Paris. This afternoon be was to preside at a cabinet meeting, while tomorrow night he has a dinner engagement with members of the senate and house foreign affairs committees to discuss the proposed constitution of the league of nations. Absent Three Months. Thursday the president will review a parade in' honor of returned District of Columbia soldiers. No other engagements had been made, so far as was made known, but many requests to see the president on various matters - were awaiting him. President Wilson has been - absent from Washington nearly three months, having left December 3 for New York, where he embarked on the George Washington for Brest. Announcement was made on the arrival of the presidential party - in Washington today that the president had signed the six billion dollar war revenue bill. The bill was signed aboard the special train last night before the president retired. This measure carries a rider making the District of Columbia bone dry. TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AT BILLION A YEAR TO PAY VAR DEBT WASHINGTON. Feb. 25. It wfll cost the American people about $1A 200,000,000 a year for the next " 25 years, to pay off the "war debt, according to estimates of the treasury, based on incomplete knowledge of precisely what the final war debt will be. This calculation .is made on the assumption that the net war debt; with deductions for loans to the allies, will be in the neighborhood of $18,000,000,000. v Interest on this amount at the rate of 4 per cent would be 765,000,000 a year, to be raised by - taxes, and then repaid to to bond holders. In addition, about $417,000,000 would have to be provided every year as m sinking fund to redeem all bonds in 25 years. ": ' - ' This would require a cumulative sinking fund provision of 2.32 per cent. Congress has not yet authorized establishment of a sinking fund, as recommended by Secretary Glass. . Treasury officials assert that If this authorization is given, bonds might be bought up on the market each year, or called for redemption atthe periods provided in terms under which they were sold. . APPROVE PACKING CONTROL (By Associated Press) . WASHINGTON. Feb. 25 Senate agriculture committee ' approves leg' fetation for regulation of the packing mausiry. . . . - - -