Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 44, Number 86, 19 February 1919 — Page 1

BIG

WON!)

PALXABIUM

VOL.;XUV..NO. 86- !rt.riio7Sun-Teleram RICHMOND, IND.; WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEtiFld,". 1919 SINGLE COPY 3 CENTS

X.

DAM FROM GEMYAT PEACE BEET IS PASSED First Crisis at Conference is Over, Simonds Says Dif fixulties Are Bridged Between Allied Nations.)- '

FRENCH PERIL SEEN . , By FRANK H. SIMONDS 1 (Copyright 1919. The McClure Newspaper Syndicate.) ARIS, Feb. 19. At a time when the attention of the world, and particularly of America, has been fixed upon the framing of the league of nations to the exclusion of other matters of at least equal importance, the Paris conference has been passing through the first serious crisis slne it began its .task. This crisis was a natural and inevitable thing. It has been serious within limits but it never threatened to break relations between the various allied powers, It was the cause of much temporary misunderstanding and not a 'little anxiety. " The essential vice of the situation

grows out of the initial blunder which was made -by all of the nations ,together in the matter of Germany. At the time of the armistice Germany was defeated in revolution, incapable of responding in military fashion, and apparently threatened with a Bolshevik uprising which very materially affected the point of view of the allied statesmen who saw with apprehension a possible extension of Russian anarchy to Germany. Armistice Terms Incomplete. ,-, As a consequence, the armistice terms were drawn Incompletely. The essential necessity of making a provisional treaty with Germany, which should clearly and completely outline the terms which the allies later meant to impose upon the German empire was overlooked. The result was that while the German fleet was taken, certain German territory occupied, and a; ; portion of German war material de- ., manded, the whole theory ot the armistice was based upon the idea of crushed Germany, threatened with; anj, arcty. which wouli r -rr ' allxrttesa. v--Fo'.lawinj .the -armf-tice t-ioyd ; Georje-chose to go before the country la an election which occupied all his attention and all the attention of the British people. Paris was waiting for the arrival of President Wilson and when President Wilson came he came committed to a program which concentrated all the American effort on the framing of a League of Nations. ,V We have had, then, a period of more than three months since Germany was " beaten and quit, In which no progress ' whatever has been made in the direc- ' tion of making peace with the nation which produced this war, during which the attention of the various nations has been concentrated first upon do- , mestic, political and, economic conditions, and later upon the framing of the League of Nations, while absolutely nothing of a practical nature has

been done in dealing with Germany. We stand practically where we stood "on November 11, so far as making peace with the . principal enemy and imposing terms which must be imposed upon that enemy are concerned. Germany Pulled Together. Now, in the course of these three months, Germany, as I pointed 'out the other day, has achieved marvelous reintegration. She has dealt summarily and completely with her Bolshev Iks. She has abolished all danger of secession and sectional agitations. She has pulled herself together and at Weimar she has achieved a successful and complete political organization. ' Each week lias brought a new accession of strength and confidence to ; the German nation, which has escaped alike invasion by the enemy and rev olution at home, and finds herself with her factories and her cities intact, with great military resources remain- ' Jng to her, and perceive in Paris superficial disagreements between her ; conquerers, . which . hold out promise that she may yet escape from the con sequences of her crimes and her d vastation. and, to put the matter very bluntly, win the war at the peace con ference, having lost It on the battle field. Alone among the three great nations represented at Paris the French have perceived this danger of Germany at all times. ' President Wilson was wel comed by the French people as an evangel of a new gospel, but in every French mind there was a clear perception that the condition antecedent to the league of nations or anything else must be a guarantee of the safety of Prance against Germany, which had four times invaded her in the last century and still preserved the potential strength to repeat her earlier adventures. ' -Feel French Cause Forgotten Therefore it was natural and it was inevitable that there should be a very real and very deep sense of disappointment and apprehension when President Wilson, coming to Paris, fixed all his attention and all his efi forts on the league of nations, seeming to pay little heed to the practical and material problems necessarily . hulking so great in the French mind. France, after four and a half years of agony, after devastations, losses, approximate ruin, .was incapable of approaching the question of the re- - organization . of human society from TSn abstract point of view, and lncreas- . singly French public opinion felt that the very real cause of France was being forgotten, and that this carried not only present disappointment, but (Continued on Page Three) ., (

I LINING UP FOR AND AGAINST A LEAGUE OF NATIONS ) s hr J" 'v Si ii ' iki- r ) n c -v

Left to right, above: Senators Lodge, Borah and Reed. Below: Senators Williams and Hitchcock The original draft of the constitution of the league of nations, which President Wilson is bringing with him from Paris, will not enjoy the smoothest sailing when It reaches the United States senate. The sentiment expressed by Senator Borah, Republican, of Utah, has been echoed by a number of his colleagues. Said the western senator:

. "I will not support any league of nations plan even n unrm nimseu snouia enaorse u. Among the other senators who have strongly condemned the proposed world league are Reed, Democrat, of Missouri; Poindexter, Republican, of Washington, and Knox, Republican, of Pennsylvania. Senator Wadsworth, Republican, of New York, opposes the league on the ground that "it Is a potential surrender of sovereignty" and through fear that it would wreck the Monroe doctrine. r . , , Lodge of Massachusetts, ranking Republican member of the foreign relations committee, is believed to oppose the league, although he has remained silent since the publication of the proposed league's proposed constitution. Among the senators who are working actively In behalf of the league are Hitchcock of Nebraska, chairman of the foreign relations committee; Lewis of Illinois, and Williams of Mississippi, all Democrats. ,

CONGRESS INVESTIGATION OF MEAT mmi URGED If! HOOVER REPORT

:.iV -tj-ffea-Mbi. f (By Associated PrUni WASHINGTON, Feb. -19. A Confldentiaf report made to President Wilson by. Herbert C. Hoover six months ago on the big meat packers was made public today by the Food Adminstratlon at the directioniof tbe president "to establish the real position of Mr. Hoover and the Food Administration on the control of the Chicago packing Industries." In recent hearings before congressional committees witnesses for the livestock men charged collusion between Mr. Hoover and the five leading packers. In the report, in responso to a request from the president for his views on the recommendations of the Federal Trade Commission, Mr. Hoover said he reaffirmed his opinion given nearly a year before that "here is a growing and dangerous domination of the nation's foodstuffs," and approved some of the commission's proposals. He recommended constructive regulation rather than stretching temporary war powers of "the government, and expressed the belief that the domination of the packers did not necessarily imply wrong doing on their part, but was the natural outgrowth "of various factors which need correction." Mr. Hoover accepted as economically sound the Federal Trade Commission'fl recommendation regarding , Federal control of animal and refrigerator car service, and said stockyards should be "entirely disassociated from the control of th$ packers." He contended, however, that wrong practices between buyers and sellers would not be corrected by the, government controlling or owning yards. . His own instinct, Mr, Hoover said, was against Federal ownership of the packers branch houses and cold storage and, warehouse facilities. Going into aspects of the packing Industry1 ORGANIZATION OF SERVICE MEN OF COUNTY PLANNED Frank Strayer, former prosecutor, who saw active servicewith the navy in France, has called a meeting of all service men of Wayne county to meet at the court house, February 25, for the purpose of organizing an association. , : Every man who was In the service of the United States military and navy establishments in any capacity, at home and abroad, is asked to attend this meeting. All branches of the service will be represented . in the organization. Organizations of soldiers, sailors and marines are being perfected all over the country, and it is planned ultimately to form a national organization, similar to the G. A. It., which is the national society of Civil War veterans. . Wayne" county so far has not formed an organization of its more than 2,000 service men. Efforts will be made to perfect the organization here as soon as possible so that the county will have representation in the state organizations. Evansville, Indianapolis, Connersvllle and a number of other Indiana cities have already started county organizations. v

not covered by the Trade Commission, he said:, , ' ' "If proper abattoirs could rbe extended near the larger towns, possibly

K with municipal help and the operations therein protected from illegitimate competition, I believe they would not only succeed, but would greatly stimulate the local production of meat animals. 5 One effect would be a great stabilization of prices by a widerbased market than that now so largely dependent upon a small group of buyers." ' V . . ' : "In summation, Hoover closes his report, I believe that the ultimate solution of this problem is to be obtained by assuring equal opportunity In transportation, equal opportunity " in the location of manufacturing sites and of terminal sites, and the limitation of the activities of these businesses. In this situation, I believe that the fifty minor meat packing establishments and the hundreds of other food preservers could successfully expand their interstate activities and that local slaughter would increase with economic gain to the community, and all through continued competition ' (Continued on Page Nine.) FRIENDS PREPARE CONFERENCES ON x RELIEF QUESTION Wilbur K. Thomas, executive secretary of the American Friends Service Commission, has issued a request to the Five Year 1 Meeting of America DroDosing that a series of two-day conTerences be held throughout the Unit ed States to consider the general question of Relief and Reconstruction in foreign countries and its permanent effects on the Society of Friends. The scope of the proposed conferences embraces 1 meetings in Lynn, Mass., to begin early in April; and others to be continued in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., Baltimore, Md. Guilford College, N. C, Wilmington, O., Richmond, Ind., Oskaloosa, la., Central City, Neb., Wichita, Kans., Newberg, Ore., Berkeley, Cal., and-ending at inrhtftlo rQl onma time in TVfav. VVUXkLlA, V 1 uv.uw buv - -1 - . appointed, and active Interest is expected in each community. It is hoped that a number of returned workers from France, the presidents of Friends colleges, members of the service committee, and the following Friends will take part in some or all of the meetings : Charles Evans, late head of the Friends Reconstruction Unit in France, Rufus M. Jones, who has just ; returned from France, Isaac Sharpless, of .Philadelphia, Wilbur K. Thomas and others. A tentative program has been announced as follows: w Afternoon An address on the general character and meaning of the work, followed by discussion. Evening An illustrated lecture on French reconstruction. i Morning Conference of service committees and workers on practical means of aiding the work. Afternoon Address, followed . by discussion. ' Evening A short Illustrated lecture followed by an address on the effects on Friends of the development of this new line of missionary service in the broader field opening before them.

REPORT FAVORS DILL TO GlIpE

STATE FillMY Second Reading ' to Come Monday Oil Inspection Bill on Passage Today (By Associated Press) INDIANAPOLIS, Feb. 19. The Beardsley-Van Auken primary election bill, repealing the present - law and providing for election of political convention delegates by popular vote, was reported favorably by the senate committee on elections today. Second reading of the bill was made a special order of business for 2 : 00 o'clock Monday afternoon at which time Senator Hogston will offer an amendment permitting a majority of precinct committeemen, in any city township, county, legislative or judicial district to call for a direct primary. After the bill is passed to engrossment it It planned to rush it through to passage. Contrary to expectations the committee on elections withheld the report on the contest filed by Erastus W. Caldwell for the seat of Senator Joseph M. Cravens, declared elected last November, from Ohio, Switzerland and Dearborn counties. Three measures were passed at the morning session and majority leaders said that the Kimel oil inspection bill will be placed on passage this afternonn. - Senator Master's bill legalizing public expenditure in excess of allowance during the war was passed.. The bill in effect would legalize the payment of fees of 60 cents a day to the Marion county sheriff for each prisoner, which was 20 cents in excess of the allowance. LaFuze Bill Killed. Senator Ratt's bill giving insurance and trust companies and savings banks authority to invest in bonds df the federal farm land bank or joint stock land v bank organized under the federal farm act, was passed. . Representative Gaesser's 'bill prescribing additional qualifications for registered pharmacists occasioned a long argument when it came up for second reading. The senate adopted an amendment offered by Self providing that persons working in drug stores of small towns for ten . successive years may be registered by the state board of pharmacy. The , vote was 31 to 12 in favor of the a iendment.. The bill passed to : e .gross ment, i Committee reports adopt' 'by the senate killed Representati id rwat I bill placing Franklin, Ohii ind Dearborn counties in one Ju circuit, ana Fayette and unioiy An another; and Senator Alldred bill authorizing the legislature submit questions of public Interr t to a popular vote before giving f im final consid eration.;--' : A v . ' : ' ; Present Movie Petitions The committee on labor recommended slight amendments and passage of the Johnson administration bill providing for investigation of child labor and . social, welfare conditions. Other bills reported favorably by committees included one changing the date of primary elections from May to March. - r . . - Senator McCray presented approximately 400,000 petitions from cities all over the state, asking. for legalization (Continued on Page Eight)

ADHERENCE TO PACT OF 1910 INSISTED OH DY ITALIANS

Jugo-Slav Demands Cause Dispute at Peace MeetAction on Adriatic Question is Reserved. GIVEN TO COMMISSION (By Associated Press) PARIS, Feb. 19. When the Jugoslav claims for territory on the eastern shore of the Adriatic came before the supreme council of the peace conference, it was tentatively decided that they should te referred to the commission to which was entrusted the - examination of Rumanian demands, says a Havas report. Baron Bonpino, the Italian foreign minister, objected to this plan, however, declaring that treaties dealing with those territories had been concluded between Italy, France and Great Britain In February, 1918. He said that these treaties were still in existence and the signers alone were authorized to modify them... This objection was supported by Premier Clemenceau, . of France, but A. J. Balfour, British secretary of state for foreign affairs, proposed a compromise which was adopted. This stipulated that claims regarding Bulgaria and Austria-Hungary should be referred to a special commission, while the Adriatic question should be reserved. :; The representatives of France on the higher economic council, It Is announced, will be . Etienne ; Clementel, minister of emmerce; Louis L. Klotz, minister of finance, and Louis Loucheur, minister of reconstruction. IMPRESS INDIGNANTLY ROME, Tuesday, Feb. 18. The Italian press Indignantly condemns the step taken by the Jugo-Slavs In asking that President Wilson arbitrate conflicting claims to territories along the Adriatic. The Epoca says: "Arbitration is a means for avoiding war, not concluding Jt when it has already been decided by arms." ' "Italy can despite the unworthy attacks brought against her," says 'the Idea Naztonale. "She must keep a sharp outlook and Bare faith in herself - In that war aha was atria to m tliar hereditary -enemy jnorfal Blow. Now she must be firm at Paris so that her best blood shall not have been shed In vain." The Corifere DTtalia says: J - ' "It is to be foreseen that the Jugoslavs and their friends will take advantage of the effect of the Italian refusal to submit territorial claims to arbitration on public opinion in other countries, especially America. But this attempt, we do not doubt, will fail." GERMAN PRESS IS OPPOSED TO PLAN OF WORLD LEAGUE (Br Associated Press) ' BERLIN, Feb. 19. The project for a league of nations which has been placed before the Paris peace conference, has evoked sharp ; criticism In the German press generally. There are even - demands made by some of the newspapers that Germany refuse to have anything to do with such a league. The plan, however, has met with a more sympathetic reception from Professor Schuecking, vice president of the German Association . for a league or Nations. Professor Schuecking believes, how ever, that Germany should and must be permitted to join the league sim ultaneously with the other powers. He finds much to criticise in the pro posed statutes and thinks that Germany should endeavor to bring about such modifications of them as would protect her vital interests In the pro jected league. Germany, he argues, must ultimately be heard regarding necessary changes in the constitution of the league, particularly the remedying of defects and omissions in juristic and technical details. In addition he argues that the Ger man scheme for an International bu reau is much superior to the Paris proposal for an executive council domi nated by the diplomatic representatives of the five allied and associated powers. Seventy Socialists Elected To Austrian Assembly CBy Associated Press) BASEL. Feb. 19 Dispatches from balloting for the national assembly on Sunday. Seventy Socialists, 64 Christian .Socialists, 73 of various groups, three "candidates of the SyrIan Peasants' league, one Czech and one German were elected. The national state council will examine the question of representation from occupied-territory In German Bohemia, where elections could not be held. Five Billion Bushels of Grain Threatened by Fire '" (By Associated Prea -PORT ARTHUR, Ont., Feb. 19. Fire is raging here in the world's largest grain elevator, owned by the Canadian Northern railway. More than 5,000,000 bushels of grain is threatened witli destruction.

Uo Jurisdiction to Act On Yctscn Resolution, .:: Says P. 0. r Committee (By . Associated Press) WASHINGTON, Feb. 19. The senate post office committee decided today It bad no jurisdiction to act upon the resolution Introduced by Senator Watson of Indiana for an investigation of the action of Postmaster Gen

eral Burleson in taking control over the telegraph, telephone and cable systems. It was held that the resolution should have been referred to the auditing committee because of its provision involving expenditure of money In the conduct of the inquiry. SOVEREIGNTY OF U. S. THREATENED CLAILTSSENATOR League of Nations Means Surrender of American Rights, Poindexter Charges. WASHINGTON, Feb. 19. In the first prepared address on the league of nations delivered In the senate since the constitution of the ; proposed league was made public. Senator Poin dexter, of Washington, Republican, today declared the entrance of the United States into the league of nations would mean a surrender of American rights, privileges and sov ereignity, the abandonment of the Monroe doctrine and a violation of the constitution. The constitution of the league, be asserted, was conflicting, indefinite and uncertain and the machinery which it proposes to set up, "similar to the soviet government of Russia.". "No such colossal entanglement or alliance was ever conceived in the world," the senator said. "Instead of using an instrument of peace it is the fertile seed of war the dragon's teeth from which, when sown, armed soldiers will spring." Through participation In the drafting of the league's constitution, Senator Poindexter declared, the United States has been led to a point where "we are now facing an abyss." If the senate should ratify the proposed constitution, without submission of the question "to the American people in a political campaign where it shall have been made the issue upon which they will have an opportunity to render judgment in ah election," he declared, "then self-government in America will have disappeared." ; ; - , . .Must determine Sovereignity. "In adopting of rejecting this constitution," said Mr. Poindexlex.-1'and thereby becoming ' of not .becoming a member of the league established under it, the government and the people of the United States will determine whether - they will " remain the great sovereign and' independent nation, a people controlling their own destiny, determining for themselves the extent of their military preparations, the size of their army and navy and establishing for themselves their International relations; or whether they are to merge their destinies with those of other nations of the world, sharing their burdens, participating 4n their quarrels and becoming a party to all international complications." Referring to the request of President Wilson that the congress refrain from discussion of the league until he could meet with the foreign affairs committees. Senator Poindexter asserted it was a matter of "too much importance for us to remain altogether silent," and that "no harm can be done by full discussion" of a document of which the world "was purposely kept in entire ignorance," until "it came forth full fledged, as though born from the head of Jove." Taking up the provisions of the league's consUtution, the senator declared that the document contained no provision for its abrogation or for the withdrawal 'nf a nation. He said that doubtless the league's advocates would j contend that the agreement might be abrogated at any time but such he said was the contention of many of the states which joined the federal union only to learn differently through the bloodshed of a civil war. By the terms of the constitution, he continued, "the decision as to the relative reduction , of the army and navy of the United . States, In proportion . to that of great rival powers, would be taken absolutely out of the jurisdiction of the people and government of the United States, and vested in the jurisdiction of the league, where tho United States has but one vote amid a large number of alien powers." This in itself, he added, would be in conflict with Ahe constitution of the United States. Takes Power from Congress The power of congress to declare war, he said, would be taken away, also in violation of the consUtution. and vested in a tribunal, "the great Continued on Page Eight. For Indiana by United States Weather Bureau Fair tonight Thursday increasing cloudiness and somewhat warmer. Probably snow or rain." Today's Temperature. Noon 35 33 21 Yesterday Maximum Minimum For- Wayne County by W. E. Moore Fair tonight. Thursday partly cloudy, followed by snow or rain. Rising temperature. : -T , ; General conditions Weather is now generally fair east of the 95th meridian but an extensive storm is centered over the southwest and is now causing rain and snow over the plain states. Temperatures are rising south of the 40th parallel, west of the Mississippi, but are falling In the northwest Temperatures are near zero along the Canadian border, and below zero over Ontario. . v -

THE WEATHER

U0UtMD BV SHOTS FIRED BY ASSASSIN

Assailant Held by Police Believed to be RussianAged Premier Grapples With Assassin. , : CONDITION HOT SERIOUS (By Associated Press? PARIS, Feb. 19. Georges Clemen ceau, France's aged but vigorous premier, was shot at and slightly wounded this morning as he was entering his automobile for a drive. Five shots were fired by the assassin and it was at first reported that the premier had been wounded in the bead. It developed . later, however, that the wounds were in M. ClemenGEORGES CLEMENCEAU ceau's back and shoulder and he apparently, is not dangerously hurt. . The .shooting took place at 8: 55 pcpcl-this, morning, a -the premier was leaving . nis nouse in tne itue Franklin, to go to the war office. -- Assassin Arrested. , The assfessin was an ordinary looking man, dressed as a workman. . Five . shots were fired, of which one took effect In the premier's shoulder. - The assassin was arrested. It was learned at the city hall that the assassin of Premier Clemenceau was a man named Emile Cottin, 25 years old and born at CreiL The man said his home was in Montrouse quarter of Paris. The police, however, do not - believe the papers he possesses belong to him and are inclined to think him a Russian. , WTien the first shot was fired Premier Clemenceau immediately tried to open the door of bis car. It was while he was attempting to do this that he was struck. , He was able to ko on foot Into his own house where shortly before noon the American Press was informed he was sitting up in an arm

ft n

chair smoking and laughing with his staff of assistants. 1 t. ' Grappled with Assailant The only sign of trouble from the wound, , it was stated, was a slightly increased temperature.; ; ; - .; Policeman Goursat, who was wounded in the right eye, although not seriously, by one of the assassin's shots, told a representative of the Associated Press that Premier Clemenceau rushed up to the assassin and grappled with hita. Is Outstanding Figure. George Clemenceau has been one of the leading statesmen of France for decades, but It was not until the critical stages of the great war came, and he took the reins and guided the country through ' to the end of the struggle that he became the world renowned figure that he is today. With the war, or at least the actual fighting ended, M. Clemenceau has continued' at the head of the French government during the trying peace making period. Head of the French delegaUon i in , the , peace conference, he has been an outstanding figure in the deliberations of , that body, over whose sessions he presides. .. Of an extremely vigorous and aggressive personality, Premier Clemenceau, while attracting to himself a large and loyal following, has as well determined and outspoken opponents. At every turn of affairs in the parliament, however, he has been able to wear down the opposition to him and just before the ppening of the peace conference he and his administration were giving a striking vote of confidence by the chamber of depuUes. Represents Moderates. r Premier Clemenceau, while formerly classed as a radical, has come to be known In later years as a representative rather of the more moderate elements In the French body politic and it :1a this phase of his acUvity that he has been opposed by more extreme elements in the French poliUcal world, who have accused him of giving his policies too much of an imperialistic trend. - He was credited at first with being opposed to the plan for the league of nations in Its broader phases expressing a preference for the balance of power secured - by France, Great Britain, the United States and Italy. His representatives, however, have Joined freely In the work ' ot framing the covenant of the league and with some reservations, expressed approval of it as It was laid before the peace conference. continued on Fag. ElsM.! ' f - '- - - ' T .