Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 44, Number 72, 3 February 1919 — Page 1

RICHMOND, IND.; MONDAY EVENING, FEB. 3, 1919. SINGLE COPY 3 CENTS

VOL. XT.TV NO 72 Palladium and Sun-Telegram ,UU AliiV.,llV. ConIoU(Uted J907

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ROAD AMD TAX MEASURES MAY OE HELD BACK ANOTHHIWEEK Important Issues Expected to Remain in CommitteeSuffrage Resolution to be Acted on by House Soon. ' APPROPRIATIONS U P

INDIANAPOLIS. Feb. 3 Taxation and good roads two Important issues before the Indiana general assembly from tbe standpoint of popular inter- ' est probably will remain in commit tee another week, according to members of the lower house. The house, when it convened for tbe fourth week of the session at 2 o'clock this afternoon, had about twenty measures ready to consider on passage while committees will report many other bills which can be dis posed of during the week. ' Most important of tbe new business expected to be introduced is tbe specific and general appropriation measures, now being drafted by- Representative Swain, which will carry very heavy expenditures for the different activities of the state. Consideration of the bill will begin Monday afternoon before the ways and means committee and it is expected it will be Introduced by Wednesday, or Thurs day. Other Important Bills Action on the joint resolution, al ready passed by the senate, providing for amendment to the state constitution to give equal suffrage to women. Is forecast by house leaders. Other important issues to be considered are the proposals to abolish capital pun ishment on which a public hearing will be held Monday afternoon; the anti-foreign,, language measure to be up for passage Thursday; introduction of another "blue sky" measure, f reports by committees on workmen's compensation and cbild labor measures and on bills to raise the educational standard of teachers, particularly County ' superintendents, and to

increase pay of many public servants. Tbe administration program, leaders V believe, will be, advanced; by passage ( of several measures recommended by Qy the governor, although fights will be t xaa on adi by th Democrats. 1 Ex-

. vre&sion by. members lends weight to

' their assertions, howefe,' -Jthat the . .following bills can be passed In the bouse: ' To create banking and insurance departments; to create a commission to investigate and study social insurance, legalizing the $100,000 expenditures of tbe state council of defense. and paying its indebtedness; establishing a farm colony for . the benefit of the

feeble-minded? removal of Indiana Re formatory from Jeff ersonville to a more , central location in tbe state; and creation of a conservation commission under which the work of several state departments would be car- ' ried on. Income Tax Law. Wide interest throughout the state on the taxation question has brought to the fore tbe proposed constitutional amendment to provide for an income tax law. Students of taxation have told legislators that they believe if the pending bill should fail there will be a benefit because tax payers have begun to consider the limitations under the constitution as it now reads. Owners of real estate, ' especially farmers, are advocating that citizens be taxed according to incomes. They say .in this way only will the state be able to obtain taxes from all citi zens. So far there has been no openly expressed opposition to the Income tax amendment. The opposition has been centered on provisions in the tax bill to ex-

J empt 75 per cent of the value of cer- ' tain intangibles while other classes

t of property would be appraised and taxed at full value. Added interest

lias been given the tax measure by claims that if it should become a law In its present form it would be uncon stitutional because authority is vested in the state board of tax commission ers, appointed by the governor, to re move elective officers. Take Up Road Law. The highway commission measure which is being fought by some county commissioners, county superintend ents of highways, contractors of pub He works, and some taxpayers, was to be considered at 1 o'clock Monday afternoon by the roads committee. The committeemen Eay they expect to agree upon some proposed amendments. They said it is possible, but hardly probable, that the bill will be reported to the house some time in the week. At present the committee is not unanimous in its support of the principal provisions and when the bill comes from the commitee it may be with majority and minority reports. Proposed amendments to the constitution, among them some of the planks of the Republican , platform, and other administration measures, probably will receive final consideration by the Etate senate this week, Republican members or the upper house will discuss this legislation at a conference to be held early in the week, probably tomorrow afternoon. Registration Changes. Two administration amendments will come up for consideration at 2 o'clock Tuesday afternoon joint reso lution No. IS on second reading, and 19 on a committe report and it has ' the Intention of tbe administration

"N forces expressed today, to call the Jh Bonference before that time. The

amendments would make the office of clerk of tbe supreme court and that of tbe superintendent of public inetructlon for the etate, appointive. ,-- . Senator Van Auken's proposed amendment compelling voters to show (Continued on Page Three)

GEORGE F THOMAS DIES AT HOME HERE

George F. Thomas, 30 years old, died at his home, 718 West Main street Sunday afternoon at 1 o'clock. He : was the son of Mr. and . Mrs. August Thomas and has been a resident of Richmond all his life. Mr. Thomas was a member of the shoe firm of Thomas and Wesel and was one of the most promising young business men in the city. For 12 years he was associated with the GEORGE F. THOMAS. Feltman shoe firm. He was then manager of the Walkover shoe store for over a year. For the past, year and a half he has been in business for himself , i. ...... , .. He was a member of the Knights of Pythias lodge. Surviving are his wife, Marie, his father and mother and two sisters. Funeral services will be held from the home, 718 West Main street, Wednesday afternoon at 2 o'clock, and will be private. Burial will be ' In Lutheran cemetery. Friends may call Tuesday afternoon and evening. TRUCE ARRANGED IN FIGHT OVER TESCIIEN FIELDS Allied Commission to Settle Dispute Between .Czechs .I -jr "poleS Srvw-';v f i :.. v tBy Associated Press) "V PARIS, Feb. 3. The allied commission which leaves for Poland next Saturday to adjust controversies between the Poles and Czecho-Slovaks over the Teschen coal fields has been able to arrange a truce between the two nationalities only pending the arrival of tbe commission and personal examination by it of the situation there. Accordingly the arrangement prescribes the sections where the Poles and Czechs are to exercise civil administration and military occupation and regulates the operation and disposition' of the output of the mines. As soon as possible after its arrival, the commission will go to Teschen to examine the matter at issue. This, although most unknown to the outside world, has been a very important and dangerous factor affecting relations between the newly-created states. Title to the duchy of Teschen is" involved In the controversy. This duchy was formerly a part of the crownlands of Austrian Silesia and has a population of less than 500,000. It is about the size of Rhode Island. It is valuable because the coal it produces is the only coal within the boundaries of either Poland or Czecho-Slovakia which will coke, and it is regarded as indispensable to the manufacturing Interests of each state. The Czechs' claim rests on suzerainty exercised over the country by the kings of Bohemia in the fourteenth century and the fact that coking coal is more essential to them than the Polese. Kiev is Captured. WARSAW, kFeb. 3 Kiev 'has been taken by the Bolshevist troops, General Petlura's troops partially going over to the enemy. The Ukraine government has been moved from Kiev to Winnitza, to the southwest. Railway communication with Kiev is cut off at Kovel, where there is a body of German troops attempting to keep order among disorderly Germans who are retiring from Ukraine. The Czecho-Slovaks are bitterly denounced here because of recent events in the duchy of Teschen. Lieut. Reginald Foster of the American army, representing the peace commission, is reported to have asked Dr. T. G. Masaryk, president of Czecho-S16vakia, if the allies had given permission for the Czechs to attack the Poles. Dr. Masaryk is said to have replied in the negative, but is reported to have added that Teschen .is necessary for the development of Czecho-Slovakia. BOLSHEVIK PATROLS MEET AMERICANS By Associated Press) ARCHANGEL, Sunday, Feb. 2. Bolshevik! patrols were in touch with American patrols today about 15 miles south of Sredmakrenga With the exception of wide spread ratorl activity and heavy shelling on the Velogda railway line, there was comparative quiet yesterday on all sectors. CHARLES WANTS DIVORCE. ZURICH, Feb. 3. The Prague Tageblatt is authority for the statement the former Emperor Charles of Austria Intends to apply for a divorce.

"M I A, v i f -' V J i If, i w 1

PRIVATE RAIL

KfflEBDIF'B ADVOCATED BY DIRECTOR Five-Year Extension of Time Does Not Mean ; Govern ment Ownership, Hines Declares Before Committee. PROMPT ACTION NEEDED (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON. . Feb. 3. DirectorGeneral Hines, testifying today before the Benate interstate commerce committee for the first time since his appointment as railroad head, declared he did not beleive in government ownership, but in organization of a few big railway companies subject to close government supervision. "I do not believe there is anything substantial in the argument that a five year extension of government operation would necessarily mean government ownership," Mr. Hines. said. "I do not personally believe in government ownership. I believe there can be a form of radically reconstructed private ownership with such close government supervision, including government representation on the boards of directors, as will give the public and labor all the benefits of government ownership, and at the same time will preserve the benefits of private and self-interested initiative and will avoid the political difficulties which perhaps are inseparable from government ownership. "I believe that all the objects which I think must be achieved in order to obtain a permanent solution can be accomplished through the creation of a comparatively few railroad companies which will have capitalization equal only to the real value of the property and which will have a moderate guaranteed return with the right to participate moderately in any additional profits." 1 Wants Five Year Extension. s To permit development of a comprehensive and permanent solution, Mj. Hines renewed Mt- McAdoo's recommendation fdr a five-year extension of government control and. explained that If this were not done, he believed it -Would be best for all interests con-: cerned to relinonlia "government control without waiting for expiration of the 21 month period provided, by ex"It seems to be unthinkable, he added, "that any suggestion of early relinquishment should be put forward as a leverage for forcing an extension. I think the entire subject ought to be determined by the logic of facts." Discusssing the reasons for taking more time for consideralng legislation he said: "A very strong feeling prevails that this question is being pushed now by the. railroad executives because they feel that 'going is particularly good and that they had better make private management hay wihle the anti-government ownership sun continues to shine ' I do not believe a solution in this spirit is going to satisfy the public." Wfil Stabilise Conditions. So far as physical operations are concerned, said the director-general, there is now no emergency which calls on the government to continue control of the railroads. He explained that the methods adopted by the Tallroad administration during the war now are' open to reconsideration in light of peace conditions, adding that this has been Mr. McAdoo's attitude. Mr. Hines presented the following arguments for a five-year extension: It will give advocates of government ownership full opportunity to press their views without being influenced by the temporary reaction against government control ; It will remove the necessity for undue haste In solving such a big program as the future of railroads. It will stabilize employment and wage conditions, permit prosecution of a big program of improvements and extensions, help to take up the slack in employment and materials during the critical period of readjusament; Protect Security Holders. It will protect security-holders pending an ultimate solution; It will minimize the danger of making the railroad question a purely partisan issue, to be considered in an illogical manner, in the presidential elections. On the other hand, Mr. Hines said that if this extension were not made, the roads should be relinquished before expiration of the 21 months. He made in substance these explanations: There is now a reaction from patriotic tension of war times, resulting in a critical and hostile attitude by the public toward government management and this makes control difficult: v ' Proponements. of particular theories of railroad operation are finding in government control under abnormal war conditions, and of the present "inadequate and temporary" form, arguments for supporting their varying theories: y The uncertainty of the future on the part of employes would increase as the 21 months period, would draw to a close; Twenty-one. months is not enough time to complete many extensions and improvements and it would be hard for the government to undertake such a program which would not show results during the control period; Early relinquishment would not cause any more chaotic condition now than later, even under legislation providing a reform scheme: No Danger of Bankruptcy. Old rates would not go into effect automatically with cessation of government control, and railroad compan(Continued on Page Nine.)

Bolsheviki in Russia Hounded Me Worse Than Czar's v Agents Ever Did, Dedares "Grandmother of Revolution

NEW YORK, Feb. 3. "The Bolshevik! hounded me worse" than the czar's agents ever did." . . So says., Mme. Catherine Breshkovskaya, grandmother of the Russian revolution. The little old lady who was forced into hiding after the fall of ; the, Kerensky yvernment, is now in New York to tell Americans the truth , about the Russian people and their situation and what aid is most needed. - . ,- - She hopes to see President Wilson on his return from Europe and to lay before him the Immediate needs of her country. . When it is considered that she has spent many years of her life in prison or under close police supervision, the force or the statement about the Bolsheviki can be realized. . How She Came to U. S. After the fall of the Kerensky government Mme. Breshkovskaya went into hiding in Petrpgrad and Moscow and after eight months went to Ufa disguised as a peasant. She traveled 600 miles by wagon through Bolshevik country. She insists that there are a hundred million people in Russia who do not sympathize with the Bolsheviki or with the old time imperial regime, but who demand a constitutent assembly and a democratic government. "My message to all you Americans is this: you make a great mistake if you think that -Socialism and Bolshevism are the same thing," she says. "They are very different, and they are now struggling together in Russia. Bolshevism is only destructive. Socialism is only for the slow building, step by step, of. freedom and a democratic government, under which we can educate our people of a new Russia. People Have Two Programs. "We old revolutionists, we are glad that everything shall be in the bands of the people, if they can manage it. But now they cannot. Therefore we have two programs:, one, of the step-by-step Socialism ; the other, of all thing that will help the people to reach an ability to construct this new national life. One political, one edu cational. "You can never know how things are in Russia. These Bolsheviki: they promise us food, peace, clothes, education. We have no food, no bread. no sugar, no tea, scarcely any food at all. Instead of peace, we have 20,000 wars all over Russia. We have no railroads We have so few clothes for the cold; and as for education, there are no schools, not a single one. and no colleges. We have even no alphabets" she meant primers "and that is one thing I have come here for. I nuNMis NAMED BY MAYOR New Building Projects to be Carried Out by Improvement Board of Citizens, Appointment of a. committee to push building and improvement projects of Richmond, especially the proposed west side boulevard and south side bridge, was made by the mayor and the board of works Monday after a meeting of the board with representative citizens to discuss the improvements. : E. M. Campfield, W. W. Reller, George Seidel, Henry Bode, Carl Ullman. Atwood Jenkins, John H. Johnson, and Matthew Von Pein are the members of the committee. ' The South G street bridge, the west side boulevard, a new Garfield high school, a boulevard to connect Glen Miller park with the west side, and new highways into the city from the northwest were some of the projects which were heartily approved. A resolution by Henry Bode, representing the South Side Improvement association was passed: "Resolved, That it be the sense of the meeting that we indorse the projects brought up and that committees be appointed to further them." Present Boulevard Plans. The west side boulevard and the South G street bridge were presented in blue print to tbe meeting by Everett Davis, assistant city engineer. Davis, and Howard Horton, county surveyor, who spoke after him, thought the city should try to work in conjunction with the county's building of the G street bridge, in building .the boulevard. Horton also outlined on his maps the course of a proposed boulevard north - from' the Main street bridge along the west side of Whitewater, out through various grade crossings, now a menace, which would be made safe by the construction, and back to the city. E. N. Campfield informed the meeting that the county officials believed it would be possible to construct the G street bridge for a maximum of $200,000, and he thought bids would be asked for soon, with this as the maximum figure. . Campfield then went ahead to say that he thought a new high school should be built as soon as possible.' The present buildings are inadequate for the school population. He proposed to turn the present high school into a junior high school, to use the proposed building for a high school and improve the Garfield school building to be used solely for the grades.- v. - Work For Unemployed. ' He proposed a broad Plan of im provement . embracing the projects previously mentioned and sewers. which the city needs, and suggested an improvement committee to be uppointed by the city council. . The mile and a half west of unimproved roads on the National road and the mile east also unimproved were discussed by Horton, who said that the former at least was practically sure of being payed, under the new (Continued on Pag Ten) '

r " - yg r m if 0 if

Mme. Catherine Breshkovskaya, "grandmother of Russian' revolution," with group of friends on steps of Henry street settlement house, New York city.

want many thousand alphabets for the children to study with. "If I were in your place, American people, I would send to Russia a few honest, intelligent men who speak Russian and who would see for themselves. They must live there and know the people. We are at the bottom now. "The most necessary thing for us is a national constituent assembly. We are all working for that night and day. Bolsheviki Had to Come. "Bad as the Bolsheviki are, they had to come. I was naive enough to hope that the allies would know that Dowager Russian Empress, (By Associated .prefs) ''. -v-. PARIS, Feb. 3. Dowager" Empress Marie Feodorovna of Russia has clung so firmly to her belief that her sons, the former Russian emperor and Grand Duke Michael are not dead, that many of their friends have been won over to that view and rumors in the European press concerning Nicholas Romanoffs alleged whereabouts are attracting much attention. - The aged empress resolutely refused to leave Russia until she learns positively of the fate of her son. She continues to live simply at Yalta, Crimea, declining invitations to visit the king and queen of Rumania and even her sister. Queen Mother Alexandra of Great Britain. USE OF SUBS AS WARSHIPS MAY BE ABOLISHED Naval Opinion Said to be Unanimous Against U-boat as Defense Weapon. By Associated Press) LONDON, Feb. 3 The abolition of submarines as warships may be decided upon by the league of nations committee during the coming week, according to the Paris correspondent of the Mail. It is said that this was one of the several understandings which Were reached during the conference on Friday between President Wilson and Colonel House, General Smuts and Lord Robert Cecil and will , probably be proposed among the first ; planks of the platform at the sessions . this week, during which it is hoped ; the league's constitution may be definitely formed. o British and American delegates, representing the biggest naval powers are said to have sounded all naval opinion on this point. It was suggested by some that the submarine might be used defensively between the threemile limit of territorial waters, and the overwhelming sentiment was that the U-boat must - be abolished outright- ' Pershing Authorized to Return Men Needed Here (By Assoc!atil Pres) WASHINGTON, Feb. 3. General Pershing has been authorized by the war department to send home for immediate discharge from the army anydrafted or enlisted men who present convincing evidence of sickness or other distress in his family. . Serious RaUway Strike , Breaks Out in Sweden (By Associated Press) COPENHAGEN, Feb. 3. A serious railway strike has broken out in Swedjen. Workmen last night stopped I work on nineteen different lines.

a people which for so many hundreds of years has been under despotism could not be self-controlled when suddenly all restraint was thrown off. Yet you expected a quieter revolution! Don't you see it is impossible? Eighty percent of Russia is illiterate and never thinks on political questions, and they knew no better. "And so I have come here to a people that is so democratic and that can do so much for us. I want help for the - 4,000,000 orphans in Russia; I want help to start the education that Is dead in Russia; I want you all to understand Russia, and be patient. We shall get on our feet soon."

AMENDMENTS TO: IDE REVISED BY 6.0.PJENAT0RS Administration Measures Jo be Changed to' Conform With Republican Platform. INDIANAPOLIS, Feb. 3. Republican senators after conference this morning probably will revise two administration constitutional amendments to conform with the Republican plarform. It was learned today that some dissatisfaction has arisen within the Republican ranks over the two proposed amendments directing the gavernor to appoint the clerk of the supreme - court and the "superintendent of public instruction. The objection is based on the provision that tho governor shall appoint these two officials. Senator Ratts at a recent conference of the majority side pointed out that the platform provided that the two offices should be abolished as constitutional elective offices and that they. should be recreated by legislation. He exepected to propose at the conference thfs afternoon that the amendments be redrafted to provide only that the office of supreme cour clerk and state superintenden be erected by the legislature. This plan seems to be unopposed thus far and if it is adopted leaders say that all Republican opposition to the amendment will disappear. The two amendments come up tomorrow afternoon as a special order of business the clerk amendment on second reading and the other on a divided committee report The majority committee report on the latter will recommend the change and the minority signed by Democratic members of the committee will recommend indefinite postponement The amendments are expected to be approved in as much as the Republicans are lining up behind them. WATER WORKS PLANT WITHDRAWS REQUEST FOR HIGHER RATES The Richmond City Water Works has withdrawn the petition which was submitted some time ago to the state public service commission, asking for a 10 per cent increase in rates Withdrawal was made because the signing of the armisticegave the company hope that peace conditions would allow it to make its, usual profit without Increasing the burden of Richmond water users. . Petitioner is careful to state that the water works Is not now making 6 "per cent, profit, which is the normal return, but that present conditions give hope that this profit may be made during the year. The petition is ordered dismissed without prejudice by the public service commission. The order is dated January 31. r After C. O. Herdrick, an expert employed by the city, had gone over the books of the company, the city decided to oppose any rate increase. ...

GREEK CLAIMS PRESENTED TO PEACE COUNCIL BY VENIZELOS

Czech Delegates Also tc Present Case Before Supreme Council Single Financial Front Proposed Allies. INTERNATIONAL TAX (By Associated Press) PARIS, Feb. 3. Premier Venizelos of Greece, was before the supreme council of the peace conference at its session this morning and made a etatement on the claims of Greece. The appearance of the Greek premier before the council was announced in the official statement given out after the session. Premier Venizelos will continue his presentation of tbe case of Greece at tomorrow morning's session of the council, it was added The Czechoslovak delegates will again be heard at tomorrow's session, it was also announced. Proposals for the establishment of a single financial front for the allies have been submitted to the entente ministers here by Signor Crespl, member of the Italian delegation, according to a statement made by him today. After sayinz that the central nowers must compensate the allies fop the damage suffered during the war, Signor Crespi said: In Proportion to Effort. "On the other hand, all the allies have suffered immense losses and they must all benefit from the indemnities which the enemy is to pay. Each one should receive in proportion to the effort it has made. Thus smaller states that have spent more than larger ones in comparison to their wealth ought to receive large indemnities in proportion. Absolute fairness ought to be preserved in the division of indemnities. "The simplest way to carry out the actual distribution would be to put the entire fund into a common pool which could be periodically apportioned among the different nations. The fund should be augmented by taxes of a universal character levied on all states, enemy, allied or neutral.' the iasc namea naviqg oenentea irom tne sacrifices made by the allies Such taxes might.be levied on exports and imports and also on coal and raw ma--toHala 1 Tt saoma trk ma nnlv fair that countries which have benefited and even grown rich, through the suffering and sacrifice of the allies should be made to help compensate the allies. Such a tax would not weigh more heavily on one state than on another, since it would be universal. It would merely have the effect of raising prices on some certain particular products in all countries alike. "The enemy should be forced to pay off as soon as possible the allies' debts. The international tax would furnish interest on the rest and a sinking fund for paying it off eventually. In my opinion, the enemy ought to be allowed to pay. not only in gold, but in raw materials and finished products. Part of their debt might be covered by bonds, which they would take up gradually in exchange for goods delivered to the allies. r Economic Question. 1 "The supply of raw materials is another important questions to be considered. If they are furnished to enemy countries at the same time and at the same price as to the allieB, the Austrlans and Germans, whose industrials plants have not been destroyed and who are ready to return to a peace basis In their production more rapidly than the allies, would reach foreign markets quicker and under better conditions than would be possible for the allies. This we must avoid at all costs. I, therefore, propose that distribution of raw materials be internationally controlled in such a way that allied countries may be served before enemy countries. "Another Important question involved is that of the length of the working day. A day's labor in Germany before the war was very long. If it continues so now, they will be able to produce more cheaply than we can. Therefore, International laws on this question have become essential. "Another problem is that of exchange between different nations. To cite an example, my own country, when peace is re-established, will have to "import very largely to replenish depleted stocks. This will have a disastrous effect on our money unless the states control exchange. I, therefore, consider tbe present state control of important and export trade must continue for some time." THE WEATHER For Indiana by the United States Weather Bureau Rain tonight, turning to snow in northwest ' portion. Colder in west portion. Tuesday,, snow in north and snow or rain in south portion. Colder.. ' : Today's Temperature. Noon .....51 Yesterday. " Maximum . ............... .... ... 38 Minimum ....................... 21 For Wayne County by W. E. Moors Cloudy tonight and Tuesday. Colder Tuesday. Rain, turning to snow. General Conditions The storm reported over the west Saturday, now covers the Mississippi valley. -Heavy rains in south, especially along the gulf of Mexico. Snows arc in .the north and west and a storm Is approaching and will cause rain not later than tonight changing to snow by Tuesday. f .