Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 44, Number 63, 23 January 1919 — Page 1

UM rrT yt TV tJf Ri Palladium and Hun-Telegram VUIj. AL.IV., INU. OO consolidated 1907 RICHMOND, IND THURSDAY EVENING, JAN. 23, 1919. SINGLE COPY 3 CENTS

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SWISS GIVE PEACE VIEWS; ASK NEUTRALS REPRESENTED

Say Traditions Are Completely in Accord with Principles of Wilson Ask Free Production and Commerce LEAGUE IS APPROVED (By Associated Press) FAItIS, "Wednesday, .Jan. 22. The presidents of the United States and Switzerland will meet tomorrow evenins at 7:30 o'clock. President Ador, who arrived from Berne today will before he meets President Wilson, confer with President Poincare, Premier Clemenccau and possibly Premier Lloyd George. He comes to Paris bearing an official statement of the views of the Swiss government on pending international questions, which will bo laid before the peace congress. The statement folloAvs: One Switzerland expects to be admitted with other states to peace negotiations as far as they will deal with her own special interests or with problems of general importance. Exclusion from deliberations on problems of the league of nations would be considered by the Swiss people as inconsistent with the principles of democracy. Neutral states not having been called upon to make as heavy sacrifices as belligerents, have, neverthe less, suffered severely in consequence of the war. All have been able, especially in the case of Switzerland, to render considerable service to ' inity. Must, Prevent Wars. Two Switzerland highly approves of creation of a league of nations for preserving peace, and expects from it a complete reform of ' international relations. Consequently the maintenance of peace should not really depend upon the observation of a procedure of inquiry previous to a declaration of war, but must be founded upon a general interdiction to parties - la conflcfrnot to resort to arms,,. In- " ternational conflicts must, as far as their character allows, be solved either by arbitration tribunals formed by the free consent of the parties or else by a permanent international court offering every guarantee of political independence. All other international disputes must be submitted to a procedure of mediation through which lasting settlements on the basis of equity and justice can be arrived at. "Three Switzerland recognizes the! necessity for action- whicn may ultimately consist of militaray pressure within the system of the league of nations. Nevertheless Switzerland is determined not to abandon her neutrality, which is laid down in the Swiss constitution and based on the tradition of 400 years of peaceful poliitcs. This neutrality Is necessary for Switzerland, considering the composition of her population, as well as on account of her being in a particularly expose strategical position. In case armed conflict fihould, after all, occur under the reign of the league of nations, the existence of the several per. manently neutral anad Inviolable states would be a great benefit also for the league itself. The institution of Mm Red Cross must be based on the v ice of such neutral territory it it it 'o be able to entirely fulfill Its task. Water Route Question. "Four Freedom of production ana ' commerce is of vital importance for Switzerland. The Swiss people hope peace will re-establish the principle of commercial freedom. As far as limlta- . tions will bo Imposed concerning importation, exportation and free passage of goods, and raw materials, all states should mutually accord each other most favored nation treatment. "Five Switzerland, as a landlocked country, mainly dependent on its share of the world's commerce, highly approves of the principle of free access to the sea. First of all. Switzerland attributes great importance to the maintenance and improvement of the existing International waterway of the Rhine from Basel to the North sea, Switzerland fully expects, besides that . It will soon be possible to come to an understanding with France and Italy for opening the Rhone and Po-Ticino rivers for navigation on a big scale, and obtain recognition of similara principles regarding these rivers, as are in vogue for already internationalized waterways. It also is of vital interest to Switzerland to obtain the right of passage over railroads to the sea and through European states eastward. "Sixth The political, legal and eco nomic principles formulated by President ilson are so entirely in conformity with the traditional wants of Switzerlanad that she will adhere to them, whatever difficulties may He in the way of their realization." PRESENT WEATHER GOOD FOR WHEAT. The wheat crops will be In a fine condition it there are not too many 44tbaws and freezes, said Walter Ratliff J , n ...tM . nH J- fM. ' I UUrsuay. All uyeu nmici u ituc for wheat crops. Mr. Ratliff, who Is versed In weather conditions said that early winter conditions have pointed to an open winter. .

Gompers Pleased with Action Toward Russia PARIS, Jan. 23 Samuel' Gompers, president of the American Federation of labor, who was told upon his arrival here last night of measures relative to Russia adopted by the peace congress, said : "I think it is a very wise decision and hope it will have satisfactory results in restoring peace in Russia and placing that unfortunate country again Into unity with the great factors of the civilization of the world."

FLEXIBLE WORLD MACHINE URGED BY LORD CECIL World Not Yet Ready for a Rigid System for Preservation of Peace. (By Associated Press) LONDON, Wednesday, Jan. 22 Lord Robert Cecil today announced at Paris that he had submitted to the peace congress a draft of the British view of Jhe subject of the league of nations, believes the world has not yet reached a stage at which an absolutely rigid system for the preservation of international peace can be set up, according to a Reuters dispatch from the French capital. In discussing his idea of the form the league should take. Lord Robert says he thinks an international tribunal with absolutely binding powers is not practicable at present. "The creation of a non-rigid international machinery by which a council, by exerting influence toward conciliation? will work will be the main strength of the future peace makers," he said. Such a body must, however, possess at least sufficient internationally guaranteed power to be able to prevent surprise declarations of war and to compel disputants . to accept delay during which forces of civilization may have time to try to avert a calamity. Respect for Nationality. "The independence . of modern states has become so great that no nation can control its own affairs entirely without regard to the effects of its actions on other nations. It Is important to proceed with the utmost respect for national sovereignty. At present certain international organizations such as posts and telegraphs are regulated by international agencies. Before the war we had the Danube commission, the Rhine conconvention and even international labor organizations. . "It is easy to see that in nature certain cities located on water ways will have to be - under international control, which will guarantee free access to them. Some of the new states formed out of the Atistro-Hun-garian empire, for example can not possibly havo independent access to the sea. Switzerland Is, according to newspaper despatches, considering a plan which will give her a way to reach tidewater. Certain nations have a strong interest in having free access to Saloniki but it is out of the question for them to plan possession of that port. The most important example of this kind, of course, is that of the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus. "These examples of International agencies which are necessaray lead naturally to a new organization, the object of which will be the welfare of the nations of the world. "Delay which can give opportunity for discussion and concilliation will be the main resource of the league in (Continued on Page Twelve) GERMAN ARMY HOLDS PLACE (By Associated Prss LONDON, Wednesday, Jan. 22. Since German troops were summoned to put down the Spartacan uprising In Berlin, the army has been assuming a position of greater Importance, according to advices received here. Supreme command of the German peace army has ben transferred from the people's commissioners to the minister of war, who will be responsible to the government. The transfer was made with the approval of the soldiers' and workmen's council, which will still be responsible for all social and economic regulations concerning the army. Officers will In future wear a dark blue 6tripe on the left sleeve. All other distictive marks have been abolished. The abligation to salute is reciprocal, but has been abolished in the big cities.

Americanism Taught Foreign-Born in Richmond Night School Classes

Two young Italians who became American citizens in the United States army, and a young Polish mother, are among the foreign-born who are being taught the elements of citizenship and the command of English in the Richmond night school. The woman is cultured and educated and speaks several Slav dialects, but she has found it difficult to learn English, and in order to be an American mother for her four young children she has sought the aid of the night school in acquiring a working knowledge of the American language. She leaves her children under good care on school nights, and puts all her energy into mastering the "difficult United States language." The Italians speak English well, but are eager for instruction as to how they can better fill their important duties as American citizens. They are learning . the fundamental - principles of government and social obligations, and are proving apt pupils in Americanism. Philip G. Molter, principle of the night school, is hoping for an Increas

STATE PUBLIC SERVICE BODY ABOLISHED IN PROPOSED BILL

Measure Provides for Repeal of Law Creating CommissionBill Provides Money for State War Work. SUBMIT LABOR MEASURE (By Associated Press) , INDIANAPOLIS, Jan 23. Measures providing for the repeal of the law creating the state public utilities commission, for appropriating $105,000 for retiring the debt contracted in administration of the state's war work, anad for enactment of a workmen's compensation law as desired by the state federation of labor were regarded as the most important of thirteen measures which were placed in the hopper of the lower house of the Indiana legislature today. The session was enlivened by . the futile efforts to amend the Lowe measure to make it provide that no foreign measure could be taught in any Indiana grade school as a separate subject The bill will be placed on passage, providing that that "subject may only be conducted in said language at the discretion of those conducting the school." It provides also for a fine of from $5 to $100 being imposed upon conviction for any violation. Jail imprisonement not to exceed 30 days is left optional with the trial judge. Three Bills Passed. The bills passed are the Laughlin measure providing for public notices of drainage projects, the Davis measure to prohibit display of signs resembling railway crossings warning signs at places other than crossings and the Woods measure enabling building and loan associations to do businesses in towns, which are not county seats or less than 5,000 population. Franchises, permits or licenses un der which public utility corporations were operating at the time they surrendered them and accepted as determinate permits from the state public service commission would be , restored to them by provisions of the bill of Representative,. Newman, of Indlanapj oils. ine measure proviues tor rspeal of the law creating the public ( service commission.- . Labor Bill Introduced. I Representative Day of East Chica go Introduced the workmen s compensation bill which the state federation of labor is sponsoring. It provides for 65 per cent compensation, beginning seven days after disability and continuing 500 weeks for a total disability and 300 weeks for partial disability, established $15 to $30 a week as the average wage under which the Industrial commissions would consider awards, provides no compensation shall exceed ' $9,500, classifies occupation according to hazards, and gives right of electing to come under law to employes, but provides that they do not. they can set up no defense in a suit that the employe was hurt or killed by reason of negligence or another employe's negligence, or that the employe assumed the risk. These rights are given those who would come under the proposed law. Othr important provisions of the present law are incorporated in the Day bill. To Honor Boys. The erection of a bronze entablature or some other means of honoring the Indiana boys who made the supreme sacrifice in the war will be, provided in a bill which Representative Ira A. Kessler of McGrawsville will introduce in the house soon. The bill will carry an appropriation of $3,500 to place the name of each boy in a suitable place in the etate capitol, perhaps in the rotunda. A bill Introduced by Representative Noll provides that a lien may be plac ed upon goods in storage, and that' where goods are held for six months ( wunout payment or cnarges tnat tney may be sold to settle the account after public notice of such sale has been given. After deducting the amount of the charges due for storage, the re- j mainder of the proceeds from the sale shall go to the city treasurer. Mr. Noll also introduced his bill amending the police pension fund. This has been previously described in The Star. ed attendance In the Americanization classes, as it is known that many foreigners in the city have expressed their interest in the work. A list of over one hundred names compiled by government bureau here has been placed in the hands of the principal, and Tuesday application blanks and an introductory letter was sent out to every person listed as possibly interested. Classes will be arranged according to individual needs, Mr. Molter explained, and every aid will be given the pupils. "I believe there are people In Richmond who have hesitated in coming to night school and entering some one of our Americanization classes," said Molter, "but this feeling is entirely wrong. Any one Is welcome. We will gladly send a teacher out any place where a class can be gathered. We'll send a teacher seven nights a week if the people want it, and we will not stick unreasonably to the class of fifteen requirement. If a class of a few less can be secured and fifteen! can not, we will take up the proposition." ( .;. . .f - . .

Revolutionists Hope to Place Manuel on ThroneAgain

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Pavia Conceiro is leading a royalist revolt in Portugal to place ex-King Manuel on the throne once more. Dispatches state that the king will not refuse to head the nation again. The revolt started after the assassination of the president in December. Manuel lost his throne because of his infatuation for Gaby Deslys, dancer. Manuel later married and with his wife has been living quietly in the country for the last few years. They are said to be very happy together.

Garment Workers End Strike in New York (By Associated" Press NEW YORK. Jan. 23 Ending of the three months', strike of 55,000 garment workers engaged in making men's and boys' clothing and the granting , of a 44-hour week was announced today at the headquarters of the Amalgamated Garment Workers of America.; ,.rvv;''"'-i ' Meanwhile' the strike, which began last - Tuesday,-?f 35,000 ladies' waist and dress makers', who also 'demand a 44-hour week, was still in progress. HEALTH CONDITIONS IN SCHOOLS GOOD DOCTORS REPORT Only a third as many children are sent up for examination by school doctors now as were examined last November, according to Dr. Luke Gentle, "In charge of public examinations in five Richmond schools. Dr. Gentle has recently returned from service in the United States army and reports that ... his work in the schools is much easier now than it was before he entered the service. Last November. Dr. Gentle ex plained, there were many .children with high fevers and every symptom of influenza, but now there is little more trouble than r. the regular , bad cold3 suffered by a great number of children every year. Dr. J. E. King, who , has charge of daily examinations in five other schools of the city, reports that health conditions are very much improved, . and that most of the pupils are in 1 school and feeling well. . j The annual general 1 examinations ' given every school child each year I have been begun, and several hundred I children have been thoroughly ex-1 amined already for ear, ' eye. nose. heart, lung and throat trouble; for skin diseases, and deformities. A majority of the children are in good condition, it is said. BELIEVE ACCORD OF ALLIES SHOWN By Associated Presa) PARIS, Jan. 23 The solution to the Russian problem proposed by the supreme council of the Peace Congress is considered here as the first visible manifestation and realization of American and British accord on great issues before the peace congress. This accord was pledged In speeches and in private expressions in England by both President Wilson and Premier Lloyd George. It is understood that, inasmuch as the supreme council has accepted the American plan for the settlement of the Russian question the British plan may form the foundation of the structure which the peace congress may erect to house the league of nations. Yet it is pointed out by observers here that this is a mere exchange of courtesy. The plan for settling the Russian question i3 ' virtually identical with that which Premier Lloyd George suggested in his note to Stephen Pichon, French foreign minister, on January fifth. It is understood though no official admission has been made, that the British plan for the creation of a league of nations is essentially identical with that which American experts formulated after close study of every promising available plan among the two score which were presented. -

Deslys, the cause of his dethronement. DRY LEAGUE IS AGAIN HEADED BY NICHOLSON Supports of ..Wright Amendmerits to State Prohibition Law Held Necessary. Timothy Nicholson was re-elected president of the Anti-Saloon League of Indiana at the annual meting in Indianapolis Tuesday. Mr. Nicholson has been president of the league continuously since 1898, when it was first formed. Resolutions were adopted at the meeting yesterday to give the proposed amendment to the state-wide prohibition law "the fullest and most complete force and operation to the realization of 100 per cent, prohibition In the state." Bishop H. H. Fout and Rev. C. P. Baron, both of Indianapolis were elected respectively first and second vice-presidents, and E. S. Shumaker of Indianapolis was re-elected superintendent. Mr. . Nicholson said Thursday morning, "It is very hard to convince some people that the Wright bill, which i3 now before the legislature, is advisable because it is very drastic. It provides for the substitution of the

words "pure grain alcohol" wherever ! amounted to a complete rout, accordthe words "intoxicating liquors" j ing to a Helsingfors dispatch to the appears in the existing law in regard Daily Mail. Esthonian advance to sales by druggists. It also pro-1 guards now are within 75 miles of Pevides for elimination of exceptions in trograd and continue to capture pris-

favor of beverages containing one-1 half per cent of alcohol; and it provides for the striking out of Section 35 of the present law which provides that persons may retain in their homes or elsewhere one quart of whiskey and twelve quarts of beer. Modifications Made. "The original bill wa3 intended to provide that this one quart of whiskey nnii TTL'alva n.iarta ftf hour rtrmlri ra retained after the specified time when an , iuwuuiiiug uquuis nciv -u ifc gotten rid of, "Attorneys, however, read into this the meaning that at any and various times, any one could have this amount of liquor on hand in his home. The Wright bill is expected to prevent the getting and keeping on hand of that amount, to make the bill read as originally intended. As I said, a good many people think this bill is too drastic, but it is a clear fact that drastic measures, must be taken against a progTatn which is so. "I hope the modification of this law will pass. I think they will after the more stringent parts are revised some by the committee," Mr. Nicholson said, "I feel assured that there is a good spirit in the legislature to get through some added amendments which are not quite 60 drastic. The Anti-Saloon League is standing and will stand behind the law. In regard to the world-wide prohibition movement which is to be made by the dry workers at the Peace' conference, Mr. Nicholson said this morning:, "I have great hopes for a world measure. Forty years ago we got the William Baxter law pased here. Today we have national prohibition in sight what can we not look forward to? We can not expect to do everything at once, but workers are urged to 'stay on the job.' Since the war there has not been nearly so much drinking in England, France or even Germany. The "breaks' were put down because of necessity and drys have thought this a good time from many other standpoints to send some of our good men over to advocate prohibition. It may take four or five years it may come sooner."

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Below is Queen Victoria, Manuel's wife Central Americans Send Delegate to Congress (By Associated Press SAN SALVADOR, Wednesday, Jan. 22. The Unionist party of Central America will send an unofficial representative to Paris, according to Nationality to keep the directors of that political- group informed as to the course of the peace conference. I. This representative will also conduct -a prepaganada in favor of a union of the Central Americana states. " TROTZKY ORDERS THE SURRENDER OF RUSSIAN CAPITAL (By Associated Press) LONDON, Jan. 23. Leon Tratzky, the Russian minister of war, has ordered Zinovleff, the Bolshevik! governor of Petrograd to surrender that city without a fight, if it is attacked by the northern Russian forces. In northern Russia the dispatch adds, the Bolshevik! forces have been defeated and a large part of them have surrendered. In addition great numbers of peasants are reported to be In revolt In various parts of Bolshevik Russia. LONDON, Jan. 23. Esthonlan officials claim that the defeat of the Bolshevists after the capture of Narva oners, arms and munitions, their booty including an armored train It has been learned that the Estonians intended to push as far east as the Luga and Pliusa rivers, which will enable them to encircle the city of Pskov. It is said to be impossible for them to attack Petrograd without outside help. . Norwegian Liner SaVeS Men From U. S. Ship (By Associated Press) STOCKHOLM, Wednesday, Jan. 22. The Norwegian American 4Iner Bergansfjord, which has arrived here, reports saving forty-seven men from the American 6tearner Castalia. which was wrecked off Sable Islands on Jan uary 11, while the Bergansfjord was on her way across the Atlantic. Five of those saved died from exposure after being taken aboard the Norwegian vessel. Professor of War History Is Proposed By Associated Press' PARIS, Wednesday, Jan. 22. A bill is soon to be introduced in parliament calling for the creation of a professorship of war history. It also will provide for a war museum and a war library. Electrical Workers on Strike in Berlin . (By Associated Press) BERLIN, via Amsterdam, Wednesday, Jari. 22 In consequence of the strike of the electrical workers the greater number of hotels, restaurants, cafes and places of amusement in Berlin have been closed and the general public is suffering great Inconvenience. The tramway men are also on strike and service has been partially suspended.

WOULD LEAGUE BROUGHT UP AT MEETING OF CONGRESS

European Views First Russian Delegates to Be Admitted to Deliberations of Peace Council. V. LATIN-AMERICAN CASE (By Associated Press) PARIS, Jan. 23. Having disposed of the Russian question for the moment, the supreme council of the peace congress turned today to the principal object of its work, the es tablishment of a league of nations. This question promises to command virtually the undivided attention of the delegates until their action regarding Russia shows results one way or another. As the Russian delegates are not expected at Princes Island until Feb. 15 this means that nearly the whole attention of the congress will be turned to the league of nations until President Wilson's departure for America. Out of the Russian negotiations it is hoped that some unanimous agreement will be reached that will bring representatives of that country into further sessions at Paris. Delegates of all the associated governments have expressed the opinion that a secure peace can hardly be considered to have been made while Russia remains on fire. First Plan From England. It is regarded as quite significant in circles surrounding the peace congress that it should be announced that the first plan for a league of nations to be considered comes from Premier Lloyd George of Great Britain. This been known In a very small circle ... tilui:i Ill uc.ita cS, that President Wilson plans to have European ideas come before the congress in advance of his own. American officials explain that Mr. Wilson's purpose is not only out of deference to European nations which have sacrificed so much In the war or out of deference to views of European statesmen, but that , there is a technical advantage ; In reserving, American plans, until, all others have been fully discussed, when they may be brought forward, probably to form a bridge by which disagreements that may have developed may be dispelled. Mr. Wilson has told his colleagues that he has no personal pride ci authorship in the plan for the league, and is quite ready to place himself In a position of supporting some other nation's plan rather than proposing one of his own, it he feels that procedure will best serve the common purpose. If discussion goes on according to his plan, it appears likely that both the British and French plans will be discussed before the President brings out his own, which is now entirely completed and ready for presentation at any time. Other Plans Secondary. Mr. Wilson will go ahead with his announced purpose of devoting all his energies to the reducing of various views on the league of nations to a basis of agreement while awaiting results from the effort to compose the differenves betwen Russian factions. He intends to adhere to his determina-, tion to hold all other plans secondary, including his visit to Brussels and his trip to the battlefields and devastated regions. It is now definitely settled that a large number of American troops will go to America with President Wilson on the liner Gecre Washington. Mr. Wilson has personally given orders that every available bit of space on the liner be given over to trops, and that the personnel of his party be re duccd to the minimum. Latin-American Question. It will probably be several weeks before any Latin-American questions will be considered by the peace congress, because of the more pressing nature of the European problem. The Tanco-Araca dispute between Chile, Peru anad Bolivia is the only acute situation In Latin-America, but it. seems that even this is not likely to command attention before the league of nations is formed. The league Is expected to be especially qualified to deal with boundary questions In .a scientific manner. The United States has manay experts in Paris with full information about all South and Central American questions which are likely to be brought to the attention of the dele-, gates. The boundary dispute between Guartamala and Honduras, in which Secretary of State Lansing was named (Continued n Page Ten) THE WEATHER For Indiana by the United States Weather Bureau Cloudy tonight and Friday. Somewhat colder tonight. ; Today's Temperature. Noon 86 Yesterday. Maximum 58, Minimum. ........................ 38 For Wayne County by W. E. Moore. Cloudy to partly cloudy tonight and Friday. Cooler, but no severe cold weather In sight - ' General Conditions Disturbances of small size has been causing rain from the plain states eastward with snow over the lakes. Temperatures continue above normal over Montana and the northwest-and about normal over Wisconsin and upper lakes where it is 8 to 10 above tero. Severe cold weather Is settling over Alaska, where It Is 40 below zero at Tanana. ,