Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 43, Number 336, 11 December 1918 — Page 1

AIXAB r VOL. XLIII.,NO. 336 Consolidated 1907 Palladium and Sun-Telegram v. RICHMOND, IND., WEDNESDAY EVENING, DEC. 11, 1918 'SINGLE COPY 3 CE

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LUDENDORFF WAS DICTATOR OF GERMANY SAYS CZERNIN Stood Between Central Powers and Peace, Austrian ClaimsSays Germans and Kaiser Wanted War to End.

PRAISES WILSON'S AIMS 'By Associated Freest VIENNA, Dec. 11. Count Czernin, the former Austro-Hungarlan foreign minister discussed today his efforts and those of the Austrian government to end the war and outlined what In his estimation were the problems to be settled before peace can be made secure. He expressed hope for an agreement among the nations to disarm. Count Czernin declared the Brest Lltovsk peace treaty was the work of the German military leaders and painted Oeneral Ludendorff the quartermaster general of the German army and virtual dictator of the empire's military policy In the last days of the conflict, as the man who stood between the central empires and peace on numerous occasions.-. Efforts to induce the German government to make concessions of an Important nature seemed at times to be near success, but Ludendorff was adamant. Recounting the desperate effort3 on the part of Austria to reach some sort of peace before the final and absolute collapse of both the Austrian and German empires. Count Czernin said: Wanted Peace Long Ago. "The German people wanted peace long ago and even Emperor William wanted to see the end of the war, but the attitude of England prevented steps from being taken. Emperor William said to me on one occasion: How can we get peace with England declaring that we must be destroyed?' "Nothing Is more dangerous In polltics than to see things as you wish to see them: not as they are. We understood that the only way to arrange matters was to get England and Germany to agree. "With the knowledge of Emperor Charles, I proposed to Emperor William that Austria would give Germany the province of Galacia and permit her to have her way in Russian Poland provided Alsace and Lorraine were coded back to - France. . I went to Kreizenach and presented the plan to Dr. Bethmann-Holweg, then German imperial chancellor. Later he informed me that he was forced to decline to enter Into the scheme. I do not know whether or not Ludendorff had a hand In the matter, but I was Informed that it was Impossible, to give up Alsace and Lorraine, because the German people never would understand the giving up land which had cost so much blood. Militarists Controlled. "The situation of Germany was dangerous, but nothing could be done. Our conversations were pleasant and friendly and our sacrifices were appreciated by officials. I saw, however, that I could not arrange the matter because Germany was obliged to obey the military party. "I then tried another way. Unknown to the Germans, I sent Herr Vassilko, a socialist member of parliament to Berlin to talk with Mathias Erzberger, the clerical leader, and Dr. Albert O. W. Suederkum, a socialist member of the reichstag. He was to tell thera' why the war must end and give them both to understand that another peace resolution should be introduced in the reichstag, directed against both the military party and the pan-Gymans. "At this juncture, however, the German armies began to win victories once more and the reichstag did nothing. Thus we were badly situated. When our chances were bad and the entente nations were elated they i would not talk peace. When we were winning Ludendorff would not consent ! to permit peace negotiations, i always wanted to use victory as an opportunity to bring about peace and several times had an Impression that I might succeed. ' .... Feared to Leave Germany. "I sent Count Mansdorf to Switzerland to see General J. C. Smutz (who was in Switzerland last March in the Interest, of the British government), lie succceeded, but I was unable to tell just what terms Germany would make. I do not recall that Mr. Lloyd George, the British premier, mentioned any conditions last February. Germany assured me that no definite offers were received from England and I believe this was true. "England appeared to Intend to crush Germany and France showed a similar attitude. President Wilson was the only head of an allied power who did not appear to have this in mind. Emperor William could not bring himself to yield Alsace and Lorraine. "Regarding Emperor William, I feel that he did not want the war but he did not know how to get out of It. lti this I believe the heads of the entente powers are wrong for they probably (Continued on Page Twelve)

Join the I I Cross I All You Need Is a Heart and A Dollar-

French Labor Pledges its support to iviison

PARIS, Tuesday Dec. 10. The general labor federation has sent out the following notice to Its adherents: "In view of the coming of President Wilson and to answer under handed intrigues directed against him and his conception of a people's peace, the federal committee, organizing the labor manifestation on the day cf his arrival wishes to associate Itself with provincial labor organizations. It asks them to organize meetings at which resolutions may be adopted to be forwarded to President .Wilson through the American embassy. This double manifestation on the part of workers of Paris and the provinces will give President Wilson needed help to bring about triumph for his conception of a people's peace." '.';' ENGLAND READY TO BESTOW HOME RULE ON IRELAND Government . Anxious to Settle Question, Says Churchill Britain's National Debt Serious Problem. (By Associated Press) DUNDEE, , Scotland." Tuesday, Dec. 10. Colonel Winston Spencer ChurchIll, minister of munitions, speaking here today emphasized the impossibility of coercing Ulster in the matter of home rule for Ireland and said that the present government is anxious that the problem be solved as soon as possible. In discussing this feature of the election campaign, Colonel Churchill said: "Before the war we had reached a definite agreement with the leaders of the Nationalist party that Ulster was not to be coerced. It never was the policy of the late Liberal government to take coercive steps in Ireland. Why do not the Irish leaders come forward now and take up the burden of responsibility of government within the British empire? Why do they not, by a spontaneous feeling of comradeship win Ulster? "The government is most anxious that the Irish question be pressed forward vigorously to a solution. Great Britain goes to the peace conference ready to bestow self government upon Ireland. It is only the quarrels and disputes of the Irishmen themselves that prevent a solution to this great question. Let us earnestly hope they will endeavor by every means, even of practicing - patience, - ta embark upon the proper road. Financial Question Grave. - Let us pray they will labor to prepare a way by which they shall enable this settlement of the Irish problem -to be achieved so' that Ireland will no longer remain the sick and ailing child of the British empire, but will take her proud place with all those great national forces which have been woven together to make up the mighty empire which stands so high today." Speaking of fiscal matters. Colonel Churchill said: "The financial question Is becoming increasingly grave. We are burdened with an enormous debt, but about six-sevenths of our debt is due to ourselves. The difficulties connected with that portion can be adjusted within our own borders but the external debt is a far greater source of preoccupation. We are heavily in debt to the United States. We have sent to America 400,000,000 in bullion and from 800.000,000 to $1,000,000,000 in securities, which had been gathered as a result of two generations of prosperous trade. "The payment of interest on that debt and the loss of interest on securities previously held will impose a vorv Hprtnns burden In coming years. We incurred that burden, not for our own benent, nut ior tne aines and Russia. As a result of these overseas liabilities we will have burdens such as we have never had before, but we will face these difficulties with courage, keeping our word in every respect." Harbor d and Aides Are Decorated with French War Cross by Requicot (By Associate press) TOURS, Tuesday, Dec. 10 Major General James G. Harbord, head of the supply service of the American expeditionary forces, and his aides. Captain R. Norris Williams of Philadelphia, former national lawn tennis champion, and Captain Fielding Robinson, of Norfolk, Va.. were decorated with the French war cross by General Requicot. Plan Work of Women in Republican Party (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, Dec. 11. Plans for the work of women in the republican party were discussed here today at a conference between Will H. Hayes, chairman, and ether members of the republican national committee and Mrs. Medlll McCormlck, chairman of the republican women's national executive committee. It was announced that the first work of the woman's committee would be organization not only in suffrage states but in all states of the union. TRANSPORT ARRIVES. NEW YORK. Dec. 11. Four days overdue from heavy weather, the U. S. transport Calamares, carrying 14 officers and 1,472 men, all navy personnel, reached quarantine here early today. Another transport, the Guantanamo, also arrived here . today. .

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REQUEST THAT ENTENTE LIFT FOE BLOCKADE Discussion Over Extension of Armistice' to be Held at Treves Hessians Form New Council. PLOTTERS RELEASED ' - (By Associated Press PARIS, Dec. 11. Marshal Foch has refused the' request of the German armistice delegates that they be per mitted to communicate with the prov lnces west of the Rhine now being occupied by the allies. The commander-in-chief declared that it was necessary to maintain the blockade of Germany as provided by the armistice. Discussions over the prolongation of the armistice between the allies and Germany will begin at Treves, Dec. 12, according to the North Ger man Gazette. All shipping , on the Rhine now is under the control of an interallied commission. ; The Hessian workmen, peasants and soldier's council has been dissolved and will be replaced by the "people's council for the republic of Hesse."! f ; Release Suspects. it This council will include representation of all classes of people, not socialists alone. . , : All but one of the suspected plotters who were arrested at the hotel Bristol on Monday have been released. The exception was Herr Sack, a lawyer, who is charged with having formed a student guard and furnishing 600 rifles for the men involved In the disorders of last Friday. The men were subjected to an examination lasting for eleven hours before being liberated. The suspicions against them could not be confirmed. The German cabinet has sent a wireless message to the Russian government asking it not to send a delegation to. Berlin for a conference planned for December 16. The reason given was the "present situation in Germany." " ' '. Krupp Turns to Peace. The Russian . Bolshevik delegates were invited by the executive committee of the. soldiers' and workmen's council agaipgt the wishes of the cabinets "The opposition,. of the-cabinet has been .strengthened, beyond doubt, by accusations made by Adolph Joffe, the Bolshevist ambassador to Germany, who has made a statement saying that ministers Haase, Barth and others were friendly toward' him and actively seconded his plan to introduce Russian methods into Germany. The directors of the Krupp munition works have announced their Intention to transform the plant into a factory devoted to the arts of peace and have requested the workers there to make proposals for the manufacture of peace materials, according to Cologne Gazette. . JAMES POLK TAKES CHANGE OF VENUE Change of venue to Henry county was taken Wednesday morning in circuit court by James Polk, colored, charged with the murder of George Bunger on Nov. 20. The trial will probably be held during the January term of court. Polk pleaded not guilty when arraigned in circuit court Wednesday morning. Attorney Henry U. Johnson will conduct the defense. Polk charged that prejudice in the county would prevent him from receiving a fair trial. James Howard, who is charged with killing Gid KHngman on Dec. 4, pleaded not guilty when arraigned Wednesday. The trial will be held here next week unless a change of venue Is taken. W. W. Reller is attorney for Howard. DESIGNATES MORE UNITS FOR RETURN (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, Dec. 11. Additional organizations designated by General Pershing for early return home were announced today by the war department as follows: Meterological section signal corps, batteries A, B, C, D, E, F, headquarters company, supply company and headquarters of the 48th regiment coast artillery corps; first battalion, 814 pioneer infantry (colored); 172d and 174 aerial squadrons, 116th, 301st- and 316th trench mortar batteries. f . William Ryan Dies at Parents' Home in Carthage William Ryan, 45 years old, died Wednesday morning at the home of his parents, Rev. and Mrs. Daniel Ryan, In Carthage, Ind. The body will be brought to Boston where funeral services will be held Friday afternon- at two o'clock at the Methodist church. He is survived by his parents, two sisters and one brother. Huston Thompson Named to Trade Commission WASHINGTON, Dec. 11 Huston Thompson of Colorado, assistant at torney general, was nominated today by President Wilson to be a member of the federal trade commission. .

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"Anywhere In America" at any home.

The scene above is being enacted

the soldier boys are being returned from overseas and U. S. camps to their homes. In the picture one of the millions of U.S. gladiators has arrived home safe, loaded down with trophies. To him the home-coming is just a great,

Joyous occasion. To mother, though, and anxiety. WAR LABOR BOARD NOW AT WORK ON LOCAL LABOR CASES The division of the war labor board assigned to review the Richmond la bor situation Is now at work on the cases, according to a message received by Lucius Harrison, secretary of the eentral labor council from WC ' Jett Laucke, secretary of the - war labor board. A prompt decision is expected. The labor hearings were conducted here a month ago, and the cases were then placed in the hands of the war labor board at Washington for a decision. The number of cases before the board made a decision Impossible before this time, it was said. Complaints were filed by workmen against Richmond manufacturers with war contracts, asking higher wages and shorter working hours ; in most cases. Working conditions were also protested in some plants. An unique complaint was that filed by the city firemen asking an award of higher wages. A recent decision of the war labor board to the effect that it has no jurisdiction over municipal employes. Is expected to affect the local situation. BELGIUM TO MAKE DEMANDS OF DUTCH (By Associated Press LONDON, Dec. 11. (British Wireless Servlce)-Belglum, claims, that the the peace conference will be directed not only against Germany, but against Holland, according to the Metropole of Antwerp, which prints a statement made by the Belgian minister of foreign affairs. The minister Is quoted as follows: "Obviously, our first demand from Germany will be the restitution of all of which we were robbed in hundreds of ways. As far as territorial readjustments are concerned, if you carefully read between the lines of the passages of . the recent speech from the throne which refers to the old treaties, they will tell you as. much as I can." The passages in question deal especially with the international treaty of 1839 which fixed the status of Belglum. . This treaty deprived the young kingdom of Belgium of the principal portions of Leswig and Luxemburg and enriched the German confederation by the- Belgian towns of the provinces of Liege, such as St. Vith, Eupon, Malmady and Montjoie. It likewise made the kingdom of the Netherlands master of the lower Scheldt. SAYS CHINA WILL ASK ONLY RIGHTS (By Associated Press) HONOLULU, Tuesday, Dec 10. Tchou Wei, former Chinese representative at The Hague, was reported on his way to Europe to become minister to Belgium and to attend the peace conference in a wireless message from Tokio received here tonight by Japanese war ships. The message quoted him as saying: "China will not ask anything that is selfish. China joined the war for the cause cf right and Justice and she will ask right and justice for the far East. She will .urge that the Japanese return Tslng-Tau to China. She is wiling'to open her doors to all the world, but whether the Japanese are entitled to preferential foothold is a question for the powers to decide at the peace conference" '. ...

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hourly all over the United States as it means the end of months of longing Poincare Given Ovation by People of Mulkouse (By Associated Press.) PARIS, Dec. 11. At Mulhouse, President Poincare was given an ovation. The president was received by the mayor, who expressed joy that the old city had been reunited to the motherland. A purse of 700,000 francs donated through popular subscriptions for the reconstruction of the city, was presented to President' Poincare, who also "was iiinded a . gold medal com memorating the reunion of Mulhouse to France. .- :' In answer President Poincare said that France would ever remember with solicitude the fidelity of Mulhouse. He then handed over to the mayor the flag of Mulhouse dating back to 1798. A parade was held, which resulted in another ovation for President Poincare, whose carriage was the center of showers of flowers from the start of the march to the place of review. FINAL RUSH STARTS IN XMAS SHOPPING The kiddies are going to have plenty of candles this year at Christmas since the sugar restrictions are off. Local confectioners have all the business they can do and more, they say, now that the sugar ban has been lifted. There will be plenty of mistletoe for the girls to hang In door ways and ! on the chandeliers. Holly will be more expensive than last year but there will be an abundance of It. Although every means was taken to induce people to shop early very little early shopping was done. Business is good every place now, according to Richmond merchants. People are Just beginning to realize that there are only twelve more shopping days, and the next two weeks are expected to be very busy ones. One merchant said that in one day and a half he sold over 400 boxes of stationery. Other merchants say that they have better business than they have had in previous years at this time of the year. - A great many local dealers stated today that they had had fine business for the last few months and that since it has been even better. . A change is noted by them in the merchandise that is being bought, people are giving practical gifts. Very little bric-a-brac is being purchased. It is probable, merchants ay, that people will never indulge so freely again in bric-a-brac and useless things as they did before the war. Very few reductions in prices have as yet been. noticed. It is thought that they will be slow In coming. The Weather For Indiana by United States Weather Bureau Fair, colder tonight. Thursday, . fair. : Today's Temperature. Noon 42 1 Yesterday ' Maximum : 61 Minimum ;. 49 For Wayne county by W. E. Moore Fair tonight and Thursday. Colder tonight and Thursday. Below freezing tonight. General Conditions The rain storm of yesterday has passed away entirely. Generally fair weather prevails west of Great Lakes and is rapidly overspreading the central states. There are no indications of any severe cold weather for Wayne county although temperatures are below freezing on the Canadian border and 54 below zero at Tanana, Alaska. .It was 21 below zero one year ago today,

French Investigate III Treatment of Prisoners (By Associated Press) ' PARIS, Dec. 11. A French commission has arived at Berlin to regulate the return of French released prisoners from Germany. The commission also will investigate the recent affair in the prison camp at Langensalza, Prussian Saxony, in which nine French prisoners were shot dead by the Germans and 15 wounded seriously, .-i." u:-.. The killing of French prisoners at Langensalza . was' reported by the Spanish ambassador at Berlin. : A dispatch from Paris Sunday declared the French government would demand reparartion for this and other acts of a similar nature.

U. S, COMMITTED TO SEND 2,000 PLANES A MONTH - Share of Allied Aircraft Program Undertaken Under Handicap of Inexperience, Report States (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, Dec. 11. An appeal by Premier Clemenceau of France for an American aircraft contribution of two thousand planes a month and a total of five thousand aviators and fifty thousand specialized mechanics formed the basis for the extepsive aircraft program to which the United States committed itself In the world war. This was disclosed today by Major General William L. Kenley, director of military aeronautics, in his annual report. The appeal of the French premier, the report says, was received May 24, 1917, two weeks after adoption of the aircraft program for the army involving an expenditure of about $55,000,000. Two months later congress at the request of the war department enacted another aircraft appropriation bill carrying a total of $640,000,000. "This country had never trained an aviator sufficiently to meet the demands of overseas aerial warfare," General Kenley points out in illustrating the difficulties the nation faced in seeking to comply with the urgent appeal for aid by France. "It had not the slightest knowledge of the instruc tion necessary for radio, photography or enllstfd personnel. Consequently, the first men largely trained themselves before teaching others and experience led on from one . course to what was to come next." t.- : 4,980 Men Graduated. - Despite this handicap, 4.980 men had been graduated as reserve " military aviators, the first rating for pilots, by June 30, 1918, the report says, and 110 bombers, 85 bombing pilots, 464 observers, 389 observer pilots and 131 pursuit pilots had been graduated on that date from the advanced training schools. . In the year ending last June 30 there were 152 fatalities in training or an average of one death to 2,684 hours and 201,000 miles flown. Stalled engines, usually due to an error of the pilot, caused 86 deaths; collisions 30 and sideslips 10. "Regretable as these accidents are," the report says, "it is felt that considering the newness of the science, the early state of development cf the planes, the inexperience in instruction and the necessity of teaching stunts, In themselves rather dangerous, this number Is not large. As a matter of aerial statistics, fatalities in American training are less than half as large as those of the other allied countries." Tho report says that 440 balloon officers also had been graduated, 155 of whom were fully qualified observers during the year. Discussing the overseas part of the air service program, the report says the first cadets went over for training six weeks after the declaration of war and by the end of 1917, more than 2,500 men had been sent to France, England, Italy or Canada. Unable to Meet Schedule. "The collapse of Russia, the report continues, "Italy's serious defeat, and the weight thrown on the allied services made it impossible unfortunately for the allies to meet the schedule of training planes necessary, so that many of these cadets, the most promising of America's material, were in idleness for months. Nevertheless, what facilities were available greatly advanced America's aerial preparation and helped relieve the shortage of equipment here. "It was early in May, 1918, however, over a year after America's entry into the war, that the first German plane fell victim to an aviator in the American service. About the same time 46S fully trained American aviators organized into thirteen complete. American squadrons or brigades with ritish and French squadrons were actually ou the front taking incraesing toll of the enemy." Navy Will Need 350,000 Men Daring Next Year (By Associated TresiO WASHINGTON, Dec. 11. Three hundred fifty thousand men will be needed to man tho navy during the coming year In giving this estimate today, Secretary Daniels said there are at present close to 524,000 men in the navy, leaving a surplus of 174,000 to be released by July 1. The secretary said the process of reduction would be carried through as rapidly as possible with consideration for the convenience of the service. V. S. Steel Control Will End on December 31 (By Associated Press) WASHINGTON, Dec. 11. Government supervision over the steel industry and steel price fixing will end December 31. The war industries board so announced today after a conference with spokesmen of the industry.

WILSON WILL REACH BREST IN ADVANCE OF SCHEDULE

Ship Has Already Passed s Azores Murat Mansion is ; Made Ready to Receive" President and Wife. SHIP CHANGES COURSE , (By Associated Press) BREST, Dec. 11. The United States steamer George Washington, with President Wilson and party aboard, changed its course after leaving the Azores and will arrive In Brest in advance of the time announced, according to a naval wireless dispatch received today. The President now is expected to reach Brest at 10 o'clock Friday morning instead of at three o'clock in the afternoon. He will leave for Paris at four o'clock in the afternoon. A heavy ."south wester! blew up during the night, stirring big seas off the coast and taring into ribb-ens the decorations which had been placed in the city. The authorities are erecting a pavillion on Quay No. 3, where President Wilson will first set foot in France. The interior which will be decorated with flags and flowers will contain a platform where the French ministers wll lextend their first greeting to the President. RELAY WIRELESS MESSAGE. WASHINGTON. Dec. 11. Beginnlng today, according to naval wireless experts, communications from the transport George Washington, carrying President Wilyson to the peace conference will be sent to France and relayed back to this country Instead of coming direct to stations in the United States. This has been madenecessary by the George Washington getting beyond effective range of her own wireless plant. The high powered station on this side will be able to reach the ship for the entire voyage, but the liner's plant is not strong enough to Insure replies being received. - PARIS,-- Tuesday, iDec. 10 When "President Wilson starts work In his study in the Murat mansion, all parts of which are now ready to receive the distinguished guest from the United States, he will be surrounded on all sides by the likeness of Napoleon. A marble bust of Napoleon is on a pedestal directly in the rear of the desk at which President Wilson will work. Every wall panel has upon it a painting either of Napoleon or one of his generals or of their families. The simplicity and elegance of the study are impressive. Many of the priceless works of art and other ornaments which were removed during the long range bombardment by the Germans of Paris have been returned to the mansion. In every room, in every hall, there is some object to recall the days of Napoleon. Family Servants Attend. The Princess Murat's maid was In the mansion today putting on the finishing touches for the reception of President and Mrs. Wilson. She proudly announced that she would be in attendance upon Mrs. Wilson. When the correspondent entered the mansion the maid was busily engaged in posing two little French dolls, called Alsace and Lorraine, in chairs. The reception rooms and salon on the first floor are decorated with beautiful mural paintings and have exquisite chandeliers. The light from them is diffused through crystals. The state dining room, in which thirtyfive guests can be entertained, con tains the Murat family silver and ro!d tableware. All the Murat family ser vants, butlers, cooks and maids, are ready for the visit of the American president and his wife. The suite of Mrs. Wilson, which Is situated in the rear of the mansion, consists of a high ceillnged talon. The wall cases hold collections of old Chinaware and vases adorn their tops. The room has in it a grand piano, many chairs and settees and a diraa. Heroic French Girl Is Given War Decoration by President Poincars (By Associated Press) PARIS, Dec. 11. President Poincare and the official representatives of the government who yesterday visited Strasbourg and took part In the formal celebration of the return of the city to French allegiance, received an enthusiastic demonstration of welcome all along the road from Strasbourg to Cclmar, Great crowds sang the Marseillaise and shouted "Long Live France Long live the Republic!" The presidential party arrived at Colmar at nine o'clock this morning and proceeded to the prefecture. wher President Poincare tenderen his congratulations to the mayor, the clergy and other prominent citizens on their release from German prisons. President Poincare bestowed the war cross on Miss Prelss, daughter ot the member of the chamber of deputies from Colmar, who died In exile. When the Germans brought deputy Preiss' body home, Miss Prelss declared to them: The French will avenge us!" For these words she waa sent to a German prison. After speeches by the president and the mayor M. Poincare and his party departed for- Mulhouse, a cheering crowd giving them a hearty sendoff at the railroad station-