Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 43, Number 335, 10 December 1918 — Page 10
Tills KICHMO.NJJ PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM
pNWST TRAIL OVER X)7Vf --"J A RrfiWM 1 ' ' &J .r- i HP V , ffS0IDQcE TRENCH DIGGING AFTER A :--i 76 'h.-'l'l W J - AX"4. T " ttMlf Wfe - 11 -Jx-"--- MOUNTAIN SNOWSTORM
ill,,. !nss of incti l...rn in V.'OO. wlw) V CC A ift".'if ft
'IJAI II I
j J '1 ELEf'tRICE" OVCR RPIDGEUSS CHASM
Dy OH. FELICE FERRCRO,
Dircctsr Italian Bureau of . Public
Information.
M. 4 'J 1 10 l)llr)ll iiml trciisiii- of ItillV WtTC ifrri'IV Spl'lll 111 1 1 1 sncCOKsftll I'lldl't lo put AiiNirui 1 1 tin mi i-y riiit nl ili wur. rtUlilli? Iliilvs tToris wt-rt not I'oiilmi'd "t" tin! Aiistriiiii trout, lu-r coin nlml um t" 1 1 J nllicd success Wiis Klt'iitcr here tli:in In tlie. other (iliices wliere her
lnois lotmht the Imttle fir ctMtizMliiiii. I ,.V( een cnlleil. ti tht colors tecetir-
T'ller liniiiiciitl ntnl IihIiisI mil elioilsv It iikiv lie sniil. then, that tlx nIflnne heeti enmil to her niihtarv ellorl. i Hun's iiiin-iiovir. has stillereil a per-
THE. ITALIAN
LINE. CROSSED THE
HEIGHTS OF ADAMELLO
w" ...... otrtrtAi Mtsro
the the
reseiit moment the siien.!,'tli of Italian iirinv is l.()'jr,.0(K). Incuchn? i lass of iiien Lorn in V.iDO. win)
imi'I In all these direct Ions lialv has not
JaKcii hehiinl hi'r nines. ln:ii mv limtire mid fxlcnf of thi'se elToris may J; lie hetlcr understood li.v the Aiiierii an t; (itllilic, I wish lo review thetn l.i iell.v. In consiiierliiy Italy's militmy coti-
.t rilitil inns, lei me emphasi.e the fact
HOISTING HEAVY
ARTILLERY UP TH OF A MOUNTAIN
r.
u liuhtlll lo their own soil. I.il.e - of her tillies, Ihe.v hae t'one I'ai ll'Tliey 'm r i iliuled largely to llie
.that her soldiers have not routined their
t hose n Held. t;lori-
'oils victory on t lie
I'.alUati Ironl. A
hire rnntinirom In I'liimr tlrsi ave ; tiowi'rfnl iiid In the defense of Kheinis, J: 'then took iart in the advance of the ;nllied forces. i! ' Italy Had 5.500.0C0 Under Arms. t Si net" t tie helntiiii" of the win Italy Julias culled to the colors little lcs than S !'.."! Hl.(lt men and lias sullei ed a loss ;of almost ..".ih,ikhi of i hem. i if t hat loss nearly :!."i(i,(HI0 die. I in hatlle, and HH,- ," (KID from disease. Over "..Ml. HOD are ". totally Incapncitated, either hy hlind- - ticss, loss of liiuli or tulii'fuiilosia. At
mmieiit loss of nearlv n nnllieii. I ;n I . serious as is tins iosn. lml.v l. Inllicted mi even .'renter iiinislini"it upon the foe. In Austrian prisoners ah.no she has taken approximately a million. The Austrian loss in killed and wounded Is, of course, unknown to us, 1ml even the most conservative estimates make it far irreater than ours. In the .lime offensive on the Piave alone over JDDtiD'J Austrian dead were lefl on the field. Fighting Under Extreme Difficulties. Ashle J'roin their achie ements in other theatres of the war. Italy's soldiers have fought through Jifteeu furious offensives on the Isonzo and the Piave. iiitl:-t inii lerritde losses on the
foe in each. These cillnpaimis were!
carried on in mountainous regions and under rigorous went her eoinlit ions t hat taxed to the utmost the ireiiius of the military engineers and the endurance of Ihe troops. The foe, when hostilities opened, were entrenched in eare-
A
SEN'TINEL
OF THH SNOWS
fully prepared and seemingly Improsiial.le positions, hacked hy a network of military roads and railroads. On the Italian side were deep uores, unscalahle vlilTs. almost impassaide j-'la-ciers. passes tilled with snow and commanded hy Austrian Kims. There were no suitahle roads or hridos. Th" surmountim: of these diflieiilties has challenged ihe admiration of the engineering world. Over 'J,.".Dt) miles of roads liave hoen constructed on the mountains of Italy tind of Alliania, and I.DiiD miles of
i aerial came rauroaus i i eieiei inin
have tieen liuilt to carry iooii, ammunition and f,'uns over deep ravines. Economic Difficulties. The magnitude of this military effort can he fully appreciated only wli-en one lakes into consideration the economic structure of the nation and the nature
and number of its population. One must remeiiiher that out of '?(. KM ).HK) inhahitaiits in Italy at the hetuniiiK of the war only 17.(M)(.D!H were male. This seeniitiK disproportion is caused hy emigration, which was largely composed of male adults. Out of those W .ood.ooi ) only !,ooo.oou were adults economically productive. Consequently the subtraction of the mobilized fo.i-es has ha an acute reaction on ihe co;ioiiiic life of the nation. It Is estimated that on an average only KM) adi;!is remained in each town or village to provide in each case for some :5liD children below the ae of fifteen. Furthermore,' the traditions of Italian family life render the work of their women an economic factor of less importance than in some other countries, though it has been utilized to the ut
most and Is becoming more available as old traditions give way to war's necessity. No Troops From Colonies. Italy got no help fromV-olonial contingents. On the contrary, the scarcity of native troops in Italy's colonies compelled the government to reinforce them with troops from the mother country. Nor has help come to Italy
through the co-operation' of workmen jt,ts Xvere largely under the domination
TRANSPORTING
MUNITIONS THROUGH
PATHLESS MOUNTAIN. WILDERNESS
therefore, the Italian people have been compelled to cut into the most urgent needs of agriculture and industry. Her continuous lack of labor has made the task of feeding the army and providing it with munitions a most difficult one. And yet Italy, lacking labor and Industrial development, lacking almost entirely coal and raw materials, has by a miracle of energy been able to create almost from nothing a powerful organization of war industries. Difficult to Obtain Goods.
The very act of entering the war cut off Italy from one of the sources of supply of manufactured products. It is not necessary here to enlarge upon the well known fact that Italian mar-
of neutral or allied countries. Italy, on the other hand, sent a large contingent of skilled workmen to France, thus allowing her to release valued elements for war. Furthermore, nearly r.00,000 of our male adults residing in America gave to this great nation direct contribution to her economic and military efforts. To "meet their military obligations,
of Germany and Austria. That Is a situation that is as well known to Americans as it is and was distasteful to Italians. And it might be said in passing that it Is a situation that must be guarded against by allied co-operation and sympathetic economic relationship when peace comes. Mr. Francis II. Sisson, vice president of the Guaranty Trust Company,
in a recent article on the economic situation of Italy points out that while Germany before the war dominated, the foreign trade of Italy so far aj manufactures were concerned, that; country was one of the best customers of the Cnited States in raw materials and foodstuffs. That writer also point out that it was the adjustment of her industrial and commercial life to the burdensome new conditions that has created an entirely new economic fab-, ric In Italy. "Italy's devotion- of her resources to war purposes has been complete," says Mr. Sisson. "Her pre-eminence in the production of certain articles of commerce marked her as the chief source of supply for similar products of a( warlike nature. Her ordinary produc-j tion of automobiles, aeroplanes, turbines and heavy oil engines has mere-) ly been intensified and modified in thej direction of such a standardization asj would permit quantity production." Financially Italy Responded Well. ; Financially Italy also has respond-j ed to the demands of war with anj open-handedness that has surprised, even herself. From August 1, 1914. tor the end of 1917 the total expenditures of the state were $S,S95,G0O,Ot0. Calculating on the basis of a monthly aver-;
age expenditure for thewar of $'240,O:-',-'000, the total cost of the war to Italy, woidd be more than $12,000,000,000. The first national loan yielded about j $200,0(K),ooO, and it seemed a great, struggle, but the one In October, 1917,1 yielded about $ l.UOO.Ot (0,000. It must be remembered, too, that labor shortage has meant a food short-!
age. it nas estaoiisueu a vh-mu.- -cle. Our fighters and Industrial workers have accomplished their work
while forced to endure a regime of restricted diet that has meant real and) continuous suffering such as prohahlyj is not to be found anywhere anioti the other bclligeieut iieoples. '
; P-;:W''' MM
1 : r..
A PARISIAN FROCK WITH SMART LINES
AMERICAN
r. CHILDREN OF
"PALERMO RECCMNG
t.. THINGS TO WFAR FROM ;.:amegican red cr-oss
)"TPIl-5 Fourteenth Idvisloii
American lied ( ross. I )oesthat mean ati.vthlngtoyou?
Do you know that the sun never sets im American women milking surgical )nt:idagcs, hospital gannents, coir.ai'-s-jfjlit robes, knit led articles and ruber tdlnl'orts for our men In the service? :And their methods of "raising money" for the American lied Cross -Ihey are typically American, too a "iiilnstrel show In the Nagasaki Y. M. 'V: A. hall staged by the Kuv.Muti Hailay service corps while marking time 0i' the picturesque harbor city of .la'Jj;jn. n ba.aar in IV.umios Aires, aiiolhyi; in Tamplio, a g.iy. colorful fiesta in .!;atii!a, a horse race in Havana, a ijMudevillo in Sliungh;, a carnival in .'I'liiidala.i.ira. a military day in Guam, ji'ii alhletic toernai.ien' in Panama and H. i: ernooii teas a-plenty in a hospital
4t Iloiiolulti. I tries was efi'ected only after the cont. .1: Is a wonderful organiza.'lon that i sent of such organization was received f ourteenth division of the American ! from the P.ed Cross society of the
4;cd Cross the territorial, insular and j ' oars the amount the division was re
quested to raise. Particularly Inspiring was the response of the isolated lnemSiers-at-hirgo, who, fulfilling various duties in remote sections of the world, eagerly welcomed an opportunity to do "their bit" toward the defense of civilization. Grew Like Jack's Beanstalk. Keiiiindful of .lack's beanstalk, the American lied Cross grew from a membership of thousands into a personnel of 'millions olmust overnight' when the United States entered the war. Offers of service came, not only "from all over
3& '
JL-a 3' p- .
CH1LDRCNS
DISPENSARY IN RUINED
ROMAM TOWER AT MARSEILLES
RED CROSS WORKERS LIGHTEN THE HEARTS OF LITTLE SUFFERERS IN FLORENCE WITH THE.
SPIK1T Or PLAY
f.ireign division. It represents the tirst r!l'orrtn the liislory of our nation to 3i0ite nil Americans, resident outside tlle continental limits of the United Strttes, as workers in a common cause. lLoynl American, nil. their activities ure iu.it conllneil alone to the wnrkfriioms nntl surgical dressings depart'iiMOts. When the Second War Fund 'drive of the American lied Cross was 'huitiched, the members, living in the Fpurtecnth division contributed the of $1.MI1.0.K, or more than four '"formation of chapters In foreign coun-
the United States, but from nil over the world. In the whirlwind of "finding herself." the "Greatest Mother in the World" was forced to turn a deaf ear to her children in the remote sections, but, with the demands of'recognition becoming so frequent and so earnest, the Fourteenth Division was formed November 1, 1017. For the convenience of distribution of supplies and the concentration of activities the United States was divided into thirteen divisions by the National headquarters, and the new division, naturally, became the Fourteenth. Tlie extension of the American lied Cross to tlie overseas possessions of the' United States was a looked for.
progressive step In Its work, but the country concerned. Where no such society existed, tlie consent of the government of the country in question was secured before n chapter of the American lied Cross was formed. The work of the various chapters in the Fourteenth division is carried on identically with the work in any chapter in the United States, and, in spite of tlie vast distances separating them from the headquarters in Washington, I). C. their activities run along as
! smoothly as those in close touch with
the executives. All of the products of the workrooms are packed and shipped to the v.a-rehouse In New Yorkcity, various steamship companies transportiug the large boxes free of charge. All for Humaiity. In Japan the Amer' -an Red Cross
RED CROSS PACKAGES BEING DISTRIBUTED TO FATHERLESS
AND HOMELESS CHILDREN IN SALONIKI
was organized July 4, 1917, and by October branches were in effective operation in Toyko, Yokohama, Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe, with between l00 and 4(H) American women working zealously for the cause. The offer of silk underwear for the service men in France was one of the first interesting things proposed by the Japan chapter of the American lied Cross, the silk being a resistant for the much dreaded '"cooties." P.ut as yet their desire to swathe the American Expeditionary Force in silks has not been carried Into effect. The Japanese lied Cross co-operates most heartily with the American lied Cross and is sending supplies to the front, not only througn the Japan chapter of the American organization, but on their own initiative. Relative to their sptendid co-operation, Baron Ishiguro, president of the Japanese lied Cross and a retired surgeon-general of the Japanese army, said recently: "I feel, that I am Working with, you in the same room for the same cause of humanity the Spirit of the Red Cross has no boundary of state, neither has it any religious prejudice, nor racial distinction." In Honolulu the members of the Hawaiian chapter prepare their surgical dressings for the far-off fields of France In the old throne room of the
palace of King Kalahnna. From the walls the pictured countenances of Hawaii') former chiefs loot down, sphinx-like, on the unaccustomed scene, while a beautiful Red Cross flag, the gift of the late Queen, flaps desultorily In the soft, lazy breeze wafted in from tlie Pacific. - Juniors Everywhere, Too. One of the interesting units of the Shanghai chapter of the American Red Cross is the Junior membership at FuU Tan College. This unit, composed entirely of Chinese college youths, is doing a splendid work to keep the Spirit of the Red Cross paramount in its territory. In the palatial workrooms of the Cuban chapter of the American Red Cross in Hr.vana 5,000 comfort kits were made by willing luyids last April, bringing cheer and thoughts of home to 5,000 American men with the colors. And so it goes-throughout the ramifications of the Fourteenth Division a division which is doing its share and much more to meet the appalling emergency with which the American Red Cross is confronted. In fact, it would seem that every Individual affiliated with the Fourteenth Division of the American Red Cross has consecrated himself unreservedly to the service, ever mindful .of the cause that prompted the action. - ?
Black velvet fashions this sma t frock which originated in I'ris. 'J ' overskirt is terra-cotta chiffon embroidered in biack chenille ar.d edutj wih a wide hand of skunk