Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 43, Number 239, 19 August 1918 — Page 2

PAGE TWO

HIE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, MONDAY, AUGUST 19, 1918. ITitiaiiTiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiifiniiii'imiiiiiiiii iTIlWiiliOrafriH IMimilMlllli iinrin'im)i;:i'iiiiinni!HHiii!M Mi TEM FY Miiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw How the Hun Sought to Dominate the World Through Its Secret Agents MIIWIIIIIIIIM

GERMANY S

133

Russia Vast Hun Spy Camp Where the Tsar and Subjects

Were

Nation Honeycombed from One End to Its Other by German Agents Posing as Business Men and Colonists, Whose Great Object Was Undermining Its Government. THIRD INSTALMENT. (Copyright. IBIS, by the New York Herald Company All Rights Reserved.) (Copyright. Canada, by tbo New York Herald Company.)

By Herman There It bo longer any doubt that Gerriiany had decided upon the present war Jong before 1914. It wn to be waged first of all against Russia under the pretext that Otrr.iany must liberate thousands of Germans suffering under the yoke of Rus sia In the Baltic provinces. Shortly after the outbreak of the war tho Kaiser said In one of his speeches: "The will of rr.y fathers Is being fulfilled. Tho day has come when I must cross the Vistula and the Nlemen at the head of my armies and add to our empire the crown lands of Poland. The historical mistake of former rulers will Le rectified. V will rectify It." One of tho Fan-German leaders thus defined the purpose of the war: "We must bring the German plough to the very heart of the Russian steppes in the name of those German heroes who have for three cnturies shed their blood In order to transform the Slav marshes Into Gnrman kuitur land." tvlrenlated Hun Propaganda. During the fle years preceding the war the German agei'M In Russia circulated pamphlets and other forms of literature about Tan-Cermanlsm among the Russian Germans. They we.-o told that the German empire weuld rule the whole world and that Russia would be German as far as the Ural And the Volga. But they did not confine themselves to this sort of literature. They oiganlxed German societies to help realize these dreams of the Kaiser, whllo the Russian authorities kept their eyes closed to all that was happening. The very first rule of the German societies and schools in Russia read as fol lows: ."Tho purpose of the societies Is to preserve for Germany her sons abroad, to help Germans In every way possible to remain Germans, and wherever they may liave lost their national character, to help restore It to them." German professors who taught at Russian schools and universities have tried tor many years to Implant in Russian youths a sense of love and respect for Germany and the Kaiser. It appears that Professors von Ettingen and Karl Schmidt had elaborated about forty years ago a rystem by which to settle Germans In the regions of Russian fortresses, and submitted their project to the German War Department. According to this plan, German officers and engineers were : live there diHguiaed as laborers. They were to be subsidised by the German government. TKey recommended that agricultural implements be manufactured there and tha. the works be supervised by officers of the German General Staff who could spak Russian fluently and who became Russian subjects. Flooded Rnsnla with Reservists. In addition to this, Germany settled thousands of reservists In Russia, organising varous societies, most of them singing societies. There were also athletic clubs, fire brigades, and a few military organisations. Thus, 'or instance, in Lodz alone eighteen sir-;, ng societies numbered more than lO.CM) German members In 1012. There were twenty-two other German organzlatlons In Lods at the same time. The fire brigades, athletic clubs and singing societies wore all made up of well trained German reservists who were ready to respond to the first signal of the Prussian War Department, and to carry out Its orders In Russia. No array In the world ever had such a larire nuinhcr of spies In another country us the Gorman army had In Russia In Poland, Lithuania and Volhynla before tho ou'treait of the present war. The German colon i.i ts and the reservists planted In Hussia for espionage purposes, fought Russia from within. Nomiruvilch Danchenko. the Russian war correspondent, published Interesting extracts from letters found on German

Scene in Russia Under the Bolsheviki

- RussiAH-tAgiK cAgrammfciat'''s3 tturwaa kat rot? quttim sols

Puppets for the Kaiser

Bernstein. prisoners of war lauding the German colonists In Russia. "Thanks to the German colonists," wrote one of the prisoners, "we find everything prepared for us wherever we come. Our heroic colonists have not only grown rich In this savage country, but have erected here real German fortresses. We know everything the enemy is doing. . We see every move of his as in a mirror. I do not know what we should have done without these true sons of Germany, who served our fatherland nooly. The Russians did not even settle their own people among our colonists. After this, how can we help believing that Gott is with us? Our colonists know how to hide their provisions from the Russians, but when we come they find for us everything bread, milk, tea and sugar." Every Little Detail Arranged. AnMhor letter contained the following xtrset: "Immediately upon our arrival i In a city we know who has provisions, who I has shown hospitality to mo iwhuii troops and. therefore, must be hanged, and who had hidden things away." A Russian report concerning the activities of the German colonists in Russia during the war reads: "Their espionage system ia mi Every step of the Russian troops, the position of every division of the Russian armies, is known to the German General Staff with the greatest precision. We had no such details as the Germans had about the Russian troops." When Russian troops passea tnrougn me r.o-inn. nrniinied bv the German colonists fires would break out here and there, de stroying grain and feed tor tne norses. Often the bells would ring, the German colonists thus signalling to their neighbors, informing them of the arrival of Russian troops.. , . It was brought out In the Duma that German colonists residing near the Russian trenches, dressed as Russian soldiers and officers, mingled with the Russian troops and then transmitted Information to the German army. Protests Aaalnat Colonlata Ignored. The Russian government, knowing that Germany was practically organizing an army within the Russian Empire by settling these colonists and reservists, nevertheless adopted no measures to check this movement. When one of the Governors suggested that the German colonists be watched closely and hindered from settling at strategic points in such large numbers, the German Ambassador In Petrograd complained to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and the Governor was reprimanded. Thus little by little German colonists settled In the neighborhood of most of the Russian fortresses, and during the war proved of the greatest assistance to the German armies. Near one of the eastern fortresses a German colonist built a huge mill from which he Could signal to the Germans. At another fortress a huge cross was erected in place of the mill, which had been destroyed by fire, and which also served as a point of communication with the Germans. Near one of the fortresses It was discovered that the German colonists had a complete bridge pre pared, which could be put together quickly and was Intended for the German troops. Near Osovets, on the strategic road toward Belostok.a Russian subject of German descent, Hachubach, bought a large estate several years before the war and commenced to work out a project of drying the marshes along that region. He hired a large number of men, and within a short time the road between Osovetz and Belostok was in good condition. The local representatives of the Russian nobility were enthusiastic in their praise of Hachshach's work without realizing that he was doing It to enable the Hindenburg armies to pass. Hachsbach was appointed honorary judge for his services to Russia, which were In fact service to the German

government rendered In accordance with Instructions. Toole Orders from Their Spy. Tho German colony of Belostok took Its orders from the German reserve officer Klein, the superintendent of the firm of Bekker & Co., who disappeared two weeks before the outbreak of the war. Klein had made a thorough study of the entire neighborhood, explaining his frequent trips by his fondness for horseback riding and sport in general. Me established re lations with the officers of the Belostok garrison and with the most Influential manufacturers, who introduced him to the local administration. The German offi cer thus succeeded in learning all details concerning the fortifications, which he transmitted to the German General Staff. One of the German spies arrested there described his duties as follows: "The work of German espionage is re garded as important and honorable. Every German officer or reservist residing In a neighboring country, especially near the German frontier, must keep his eyes open as a loyal German subject and as a mill tary man. He must notice everything and report to the German government. Each Informant has his own district. He must study lecal conditions and must ascertain all details concerning the roads. He must submit accurate information as to where to find dependable men Ger

Confession of Hun Spy Shows Kaiser Tried to Use

British Embassy as Tool

Russian Pole, Who Committed Suicide When Unmasked as Traitor, Bares Strong Arm of Berlin Reaching Across Russia to Bend All Classes to Its Ends Reveals Life of Terror.

A Russian Pole who lived in Prussia and was drawn into the German espionage sys tem, kept a diary which was found after he had;' been arrested in Russia and had committed suicide. Apparently the spy tried to clear himself before his relatives. The following are characteristic extracts from his confession: "In January, 189- a German friend of mine wrote me: 'I visited recently the Military Control Station. The officer who examined us asked whether we knew foreign languages. He said the government needed people who were familiar with various foreign tongues. You have been quite successful, but I think you could do still better, Indeed, if you offered your services there. You know Russian and Polish, and our government wants people who understand these languages In particular. I therefore urge you to offer your services to the War Department and I am sure you will get a fine post.' "This letter made me think. The oppor tunity of securing a post in the War De nartment was tempting, but I was afraid that my knowledge of Russian was not sufficient. I studied a whole year. Then I wrote to the Minister of War, offering my services, mentioning mv knowledge of the Russian ana i-onsn languages. Berlin Investigates III" Record. "I received no reply for several weeks. Then a police officer whom I knew in formed me that Berlin was Investigating me. I understood what that meant, and told the officer about my letter to the Minister of War. Within a few days I received a letter stating a man would call on me to discuss the matter relating to the War Department. A captain of the German army came to my house and said: .'I have the honor to Inform you that the General Staff accepts your services. You will have to read the Polish and the Russian newspapers. Usually this work Is done by officers, but as there is no vacancy at present you will have to wait a little. In the meantime we will find other work for you. "The German captain was accompanied na - , ""itssrfl

mans who could act as ruldes and secure provision as soon as the necessity arises." Though the military prosecutor Indicated to the authorities that Klein was a German officer and lived In Belostok for espionage purposes no measures wers taken to check his activities. The German officer ettapptared only when hs received instructions from the German Con sulate to return home, as the German army was being mobilised. Particularly Active la Baltic Hundreds of officers and reservists used to visit their friends and relatives In the Ruttlan provinces adjoining' Oer. many under various pretexts. They came as tourists, as painters, as pho

tographers, and returned home with complete descriptions and sketches of the fortresses and the roads. In the Baltic provinces the German spies and secret agents were particularly active. There the Germans had organised hosts of spies and provoca teurs who served in the Russian armies. They conducted there a demoralizing agitation and sought to hinder the course of the mobilisation during the first days of the war. One of the Russian officers, describing the extent of German espionage in the Baltic provinces, wrote: "It is impossible to make a single step In Riga or in Reval without the Germans knowing it. While every move of our ships is mad With the greatest secrecy, tne moment a noat is ready to leave a German wireless message asks: "Where are you going, Rurikt" or "We wish you bon voyage, Oleg!" Caught in the clutches of the German monster of espionage, Russia was to be transformed Into a German . colony and further the realization of the Kaiser's dream to rule the world. by a woman, but she was not present at our conversation. "Bidding me goodby, the captain said: " 'As soon as I report to my authorities you will get your Instructions.' "Within a few days I received an invitation to come to Berlin and meet the captain at the restaurant Zum Franclskaner." The captain was waiting for me. He introduced me to a man whom he called his chief and my future chief. They fixed my salary and told me that the first thing they wanted me to do was to take a trip to Russia. They described the beauties of such trips and warned me to be on my guard as far as the Russian police were concerned. I replied that 1 was ready to obey the orders of my new chief. "The captain brought two books about the Russian army, several maps and a list of seven questions which they expected me to answer. "Ke came to see me and told me that I must travel as a commercial agent. It occurred to me that I could travel as a buyer of antiques. The captain approved my Idoa, and promised to secure for me s letter from a Berlin firm stating that 1 was its representative in Russia. But for some reason that was not arranged. Instead of bringing me a letter from a German firm he gave me a letter of introduction written in French and signed 'Charles Dubois', of Lyons. Thus I became a representative of a French firm. "I was instructed to make three trlpt and write a report after each trip. When I asked how to transmit the reports the Captain told me to send them through the British Consulate In Warsaw. He said that he had a friend, an officer, in London who had promised to arrange such matters for him whenever it was necessary. Ho said that he would communicate in the meantime with his friend in London. I was to prepare my report in Warsaw, address it to the War Department In Berlin, enclose It In another envelope, address It to his friend in London and bring It over to the British consulate. By that time the consulate, he said, would receive word from his friend and forward the let-

Plea for Soviet a Snare, Asserts Prof. Korff

Strange reports have reached this country in the last few weeks to the effect that Paul Milukov had joined the proGerman party in Russia. To those who know the leader of the constitutional democratic party of Russia, or the party or tne reopies freedom, as It is now called, the reports that Milukov has become pro-German are just as incredible as if reports were circulated stating that Theodore Roosevelt had become a proGerman. It was Milukov who fought the Tsar In the Duma because of his pro-German Premier, Stuermer. It was Milukov-who exposed the connections between the Geraan government and the Bolsheviki in his famous speech on Lenine and Leninism. Milukov has been one ol the most ardent supporters of the cause of the Allies in Kusia and it was indeed his overzealous Jevotion to the cause of the Allies tht led to his downfall in tb early days of the Russian revolution. I have asked Sergius Korff, who recently arrived in America, for a statement concerning these reports about Paul Milukov and the present status of the government of the Soviets in Russia. Sergius Korff was for many years professor of listory at the University of Helsingfors. Finland, and Vice Governor General of Finland during the Kerensky regime. He is one the most prominent Russian scholars and a distinguished member of the constitutional democratic party. In the following statement in responia

i x r . - vf tit ? & J U

The machinations i of thelSermanspy system as exposed by Herman Bernstein were widespread. . J country suffered more under its venemous tenacles than poor, bleeding Russia and her patriots who fought to save her. from the treacherous Hun. Ex-Minister Kerensky, as well as many other big men in Russia, fell a victim to Germany's gigantic espionage. Here we see that prominent figure in Russian revolutionary politics as he appeared in London, where he made a dramatic appearance at a conference of the labor party and where he affirmed his belief that all was not lost in Russia. He said: "I come here straight from Moscow and I feel it my duty as a statesman and my duty as a man and as a politician a moral duty to tell you English people and the people of the whole world that the Russian people, tho Russian, democracy, are fighting against tyranny, and are going to fight to the end. One can break the Russian people, but cannot subdue them. I believe, and I am certain, that the Russian people will shortly join you in the fight for the great cause of freedom."

ter. I asked him why the uerman consulate could not forward the letter. He replied that there were special reasons. Later in the year a new German consul was appointed in Warsaw, Baron Bruck, who was directly connected with the department of German espionage. "I went to Russia. At first the trip was pleasant, but I was In constant fear of the police. When I returned I worked upon my report. But I did not know how to write it. I did not know what they considered important and what they really w'anted to know. I answered the seven questions as best I could, and took my report over to the British consulate, in accordance with the Captain's instructions. The British Consul, however, .declined to accept the letter, saying that he must have special permission to send letters through the diplomatic pouch. " 'I advise you to buy stamps and send it by mall." suggested the British Consul. ' Xhis I knew without his advice, but I had instructions not to mall my reports. So I went to Thorn and mailed It to Berlin from there, explaining at the same time why I had violated my instructions. "I received word from the War Depart ment that my report was very good. Then l was informed once more that the Brit ish Consulate in Warsaw would now accept letters for transmission. to my request Professor Korff presents facts, not opinions: "First of all I want to draw the attention of the American people to the German methods of political camouflage. It is Germany that is spreading the base falsehoods that Paul Milukov and other constitutional democratic leaders have turned pro-German. I was in direct com munication with my friends in Russia as late as the month of May and I know ab solutely that the two chief parties of Russia, the cadets and the social revolutionists, were then strongly anti-German. This could not have changed in a month. All the past, the whole trend of Paul Milukov's ideals, his demeanor during the ter rible months of strllf. prove that he always was and certainly remains to the present day strongly anti-German, and that the Bolshevist reign of blood could not scare him into submission. Tbe Germans have spread such ideas in order, first, to convince weaker people of the uselessness of opposing the BolshevistGerman rule and, second, to show to the outside world that the best Russian leaders are turning pro-German and antially. "From the first day of my landing In this country I was greatly impressed by the sympathy shown by the American people toward Russia. It is something for which every Russian must feel extremely grateful. It is In misfortune that one discovers one's real friends, and Russia now realizes that America is ready to stand by her during her days of severest trial. 'It Is a distinct wares Of satisfaction

"I took another trip to Russia for the purpose of describing the new roads that were being built. I returned to Warsaw, wrote my report and went to the British Consulate to have it forwarded. The Consul again declined to forward the letter. I learned later that the Captain's friend in London did make every effort to arrange the matter, but failed. "I did not know what to do. I telegraphed to Berlin: BuUJohn does not accept, what is to be done? "I received the following reply: 'Complete business, then through Benthen or Thorn.' - "But how was I to take my report across the frontier? It was dangerous to carry It with me. 1 took it to my mother in Warsaw and asked her to hide it for some time. "I started on my third trip to Russia and returned safely to Warsaw. I took the report which my mother concealed without knowing what it was, and resolved to carry it by way of Breslau to Berlin. Upon my arrival there I communicated with the Captain. He immediately came to see me. 'I received Instrvctlons to travel in Russia and report from the following places Wirsaw, Slcdlce. Brest-Lltovtk, Minsk, Smolensk, Dvinsk, Riga, Libau, Wilna, Gudno and Belostok.

for Russians that people now know who the Bolsheviki are; there is no further need to explain the treachery and the bad faith of this small rang, the real cause of Russia's trouble and her shameful dismemDerment. Enough has been said about these traitors, fanatics, lunatics and murderers: the proofs against them are sufficiently convincing for American public opinion to condemn both their 'ideals' and their methods. . Public opinion, the press, tbo utterances of leading Americans, are so wonderfully consistent on this question that one need not lose time in discussing the mischief already done the whole world by the Russian Bolsheviki, led and dlretced by the clever hand of Germany. "I no longer have any fear as some of my countrymen had last spring that America will ever recognise this criminal crowd as a legitimate Russian government. "Americans are told that the Idea of the sovyet government is that of a very democratic representation of the Russian people at large, especially the working men, the peasants and the soldiers. This is still the title the sovyels love, though it doer not In tho least correspond with the real state of affairs. There is no doubt whatever that if the sovyets did represent Russian democracy they would, sooner or later, develop Into a real system ox government "Unfortunately, the sovyets do not rep resent the Russian people, as they are all of them packed by the Bolsheviki and consist exclusively of Bolsheviki. At pres ent there is not a single non-Bolshevik member of the sovyets. Not only is the bourgeois excluded, the carets, Octobrists, &c. but also all the other political parties, social democrats, social revolutionists and other socialist groups. Xone but me DuiBiievim ukb pari in uie sovyets. mis elimination or an orner parties was achieved sometimes by clever electioneering, but. more often by .simpler methods.

x if" fV '-,'?'

''.-) - - ''4 $ 'Zb?', Ci J ,& ti .A "At Belobrzegl, rhlle hiring noises '.o go to Varka, cne of the drivers became suspicious and sent for the police. "I succeeded In getting -way from them. I hastened to my hotel In order to hide my notes. I did not sleep all night, expecting the police. "I was arrested In Varka. I had put my notes in my ttockincs. The polic-i searched me, but they were courteous and not very thorough. They examined my valise, my books, and the map I had bought in AVarsaw. They looked at my passport and took my things away, saying they would return them to me u the following; morning. Next morning I mustered courage and went to the chief of police, asking him to return my baggage. Havinr found nothing suspicious In my papers, he pave thera to me. "I started out on my trip again. I noticed that the driver was watching me. Therefore I did not take any notes on the way. Upon arriving In Radom I wrote out a report and mailed it, addressing the letter to a friend, a younar architect, Bernhard, Berlin, S. O. Skalitzer Str., 118, to be delivered to myself. "Then I was arrested." Shortly afterward this spy committed suicide. by, putting ont other members by force at the point of the bayonet, sometimes by threats and intimidation, sometimes by direct assault. The peasants are no mora represented in the sovyet than the bourgeois, though thiy number about eighty per cent of the population; even the workmen, as a whole, are not represented, as only one comparatively small party among them, the Bolsheviki. are allowed to be sovyet members. "Each time efforts were made to hava a truly representative body elected, ns. for example, the Constitutional Arscmhly or the peasant Congress, the Bolsheviki dispersed by armed force, well knowing that such a really representative Assembly would nececsarily condemn their method and their rule of blood and Iron. In otl.-f words, the sovyets are the Lulsheviki ani the Bolsheviki are the Sovyets. Conse quently, there Is no representative gov ernment, as only one small party la rep resented In these bodies." THE LAST DAY OF THE HOHENZOLLERN DYNASTY A Remarkable Prophesy of How the German Kaiser Will Meet His End, Made by Zhdanoff, the Russian Writer. Herman Bernstein Will Soon Relate This Weird Talc'in This Newspaper.