Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 43, Number 18, 3 December 1917 — Page 8

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM,

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SOCIETY WOMEN SEWN? ON RIBBONS

Ancient Art of Medalist Revived to Record History on Permanent Memento Anne Morgan Presents Gold Token to Joffre, Viviani and Poincare.

Bronze Replicas For Public to Inspire Patriotism and Aid Stricken Soldiers In France Clubs and Schools Co-operate In Distribution Throughout Country.

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THE entry of tht United States Into the world war haa been commemorated in permanent form bj the striking of a meda, replicas of wbich are now available to the public. Tbe first three medals struck oS in gold have been taken to France by Miss Anne Morgan of New Yorlr and presented them to Field Marshal Joffre, former Premier Viviani and President Poincare. Additional gold ones will be presented to the leaders of tbe other allied nations, and meanwhile tbe bronze replica axe being struck off for tbe pnbllc. Since tbe beginning of history the great events of a nation's life hare been recorded by the medaUie art. Tbe ew allied war medal, however, serves tbe additional purposes of Inspiring patriotism and aiding the wounded in France, for it has bees decided to place the replicas on salt throughout tbe country and to devote tbe proceeds to the work of the American Fund For Kronen Wounded. This organization, comprising many prominent persona, and with 500 branches throughout the country,- has bees supplying necessV ties and comforts to tbe French base hospitals since tbe very beginning ot the war. Literally thousands of the soldiers ot our traditional ally have been saved from death or permanent disability by the timely arrival of a shipment from New York which woold not have been procured otherwise. Now that oar own troops are to France It has been decided t segment the suipment of hospital sssplies at rapidly as possible, and It is ex petted that the proceeds of the sale of the replicas wiu greatly sssln tns effort - Society Wmnt ftibberw Ko popular tins liei-oms tbe idea of circulating a medal tor tb benefit of tne wounded that hundreds of, local orgaJiUtdon in all parts the United States hare enlists eJ is the work, and applications for replicas are being received much f .inter than lh medals cau b struck o(T. Several of the most prominent women's orgtsiistloua, girls and bojV ciuts. sboola, societies and even commercial coucerns are cooperating. It la expected (bat more than a million medals will be required for CLstrll-u-

Uoa la ike Uulted States and Canada, A whole floor of the building occupied by (ne uatioual beedquartere of the futd, at 122 Madison avenue. New l ork. has beeu turned over to the voltutcer who are preparing the replicas for sMi'uietit. Here aro scores of wouti! and girls, uiany prominent in so-

81 i.ial sud diplomatic circles, busy from

0 a. m. till 3 p. in., cuttlug and sewing tlie ujultl-colored "Allied" ribbon that

with the medals, fastening the

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f George Meredith., Princess Victoria Adelbert. former President William Howard Taft and others. In tbe earliest times medals were ased as crude symbols of religion, national power or Individual greatness. Of later years the medalllc art has been developed to record artistic, economic and patriotic achievements so that a modern nation's medals show the history of that nation's progress toward civilization. This use of medals has caused tbe making of them to be a distinct art In itself. It has been

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era tea the stars from the stripes the date when war was declared, April 6, 1917. About the shield Is a laurel wreath for victory, and tbe design is encircled by those Immortal words of Lincoln's "that government by the people shall not perish." Tbe creation of a medal requires more than mere ability to execute a beautiful design. Tbe medalist must in addition be gifted with an imagination that can perceive the striking features of an occasion and interpret them in picture form. It is really a

defined as the link between sculpture ; reversion to the ancient way of re-

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Uon pins, addressing, stamping, mallw'lug the packages. They know that l every medsl sold means a pair of socks T or a tmuda-e roll or a vial of medicine for ome wounded, and they hurry with Ueir work. In sponsoring the medal the Amertc:tu Fund Yor French Wounded has -ivcu rhe nation a real work of art In fact. It Is said to be the handsomest cifIa! of the kind ever struck off in tills con u try. Its sculptor, Theodore SplciT-Siuison. is an artist of luternar!en! reputation and has designed ome of the most important medals l'3tied in recent years. Including tbe ccd.ii commemorating tbe formation ot toe F.ntente -Cordlale between Eng'"'Litid nnd France, the medal for the Frond Commission to the PanamaPnciSc ci position, and portrait medals

and painting. Tbe design of a medal

must be not only decorative, but suggestive of the occasion intended to be commemorated. For instance, all tbe characters on the shield of tbe American war medal are symbols, and these symbols, combined with the spread eagle behind, the stars in the border and the motto, "Do right and fear no man," tell a complete story In picture form. Symbols Tall Stery of War,

On the shield, held together by tbe Sword of War, are the European allies. At the upper left is Great Britain and her colonies, the naval power in the war, pictured as a ship. Immediately below is the Cock of France, then the Cross of Savoy for Italy, and then the lion's head of Montenegro. At the upper right tbe Russian Bear breaks out toward the sea; below it tbe Belgian Lion is seen appealing to England and France. By its side are four Servian characters, the Initials of the motto of Servla, and now also of Belgium, "Union Is strength," and below this Is tbe rising sun of Japan. The spread eagle of America stands In back of the shield, supporting tbe allies in accordance with tbe ideals of the original Thirteen States, which are represented by thirteen stars in tbe border. The appropriate motto, "Do right and fear no man," Is from the Inscription upon George Washington's dress sword. America's position during the first two years of tbe war is thus pictured as that of succorer to the European allies. Laurel Presage of Victory. The story on the reverse side of the medal Is of America's entrance into the war. It pictures the national shield, showing on the bar that sep-

cording events. The savage peoples the American Indians, for Instancecut pictures In stone telling stories which to this day can 'be translated Into historical records Moreover, the mechanical process of making the design for a medal is Just the reverse of the method used lu making a piece of sculpture. A sculptor first makes a small model, which he then copies on a larger scale The medalist, however, makes tbe model three or four times larger than tbe medal itself is to be. This means that infinite care must be taken to keep the designs simple enough tc show up effectively in the small size. A work of art is always mad with the idea of being everlasting, and this is particularly true of a medal. The little metal disk whether gold, silver or bronze,- is practically indestructible. Medals made centuries before Christ are still in perfect condition. This makes the medal peculiarly suitable for recording historic events Furthermore, It Is possible to strike off an unlimited number of copies of tbe original design, each one ar eact replica of the artist's work. Medalist Works In Wax. The medalist makes bis model first In wax. From this a plaster cast Is made, and from that. In turn, a bronze plate is cast. This casting Is placed at one end of the die cutting machine,, and the block of steel on which the die is to be cut is placed at tbe other end. Both tbe bronze casting and the steel block revolve simultaneously. A steel point attached to a long bar rests against the bronze casting, following every detail of the artist's work. At the other end of the bar is another point, which aiso revolves, following

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STRIKING POSTER BY EDWIN H. BLASHFIELD

Work of Famous Medalist Bears Insignia of Allies, Motto From Washington's Sword and Lincoln's Famous Phrase Intricate Process of Making.

Society Women Volunteer For Big Task of Sewing Ribbons and Pins on Medals and Making Shipments Blashfield Gives Poster.

the pattern traced by the point moving

over the surface of tbe bronze casting, but reproducing it in small size on tbe steel, exactly on the principle of a pantagrapb. Sometimes the die is cut direct, and at other times what is known in the language of the die cutter as a bub, or master, die is made. From this master die there can be reproduced as many dies as are necessary, and In this manner any danger of loss of tbe artist's work througt breakage of the model or of the dip Is precluded When the steel die Is completed It is put Into tbe stamping machine, a piece of softened metal laid below it and the die brought down witb a pressure of 600 tons. This stamping process Is repeated three times, and then the medal Is burnished and worked over by band to insure the nearest possible approach to perfection Inspired with the Ideal of double service represented by the medal, Edwir H. Blashfield, one of America's foremost artists, has painted a stirring card, upon copies of which tbe medals are being displayed all over the country. It pictures America and France as two strong women clasping bands with a grip as firm as a man's above the shield on which the medals hang. America holds her flag, the folds of which swirl about her, while on her head is tbe cap of liberty. France's bead Is covered by a metal helmet, and behind her floats tbe French flag. At their feet, with wings distended and heads held In belligerent attitudes, are tba fighting cock of France and the American spread eagle. This striking pester Is the ar. tist's gift, inspired by the thought of the strength and nobility of the tie binding the republics of France and America. , Women's Aim to Help Franca. The distribution of the replicas is un

der the direction of the executive com-

Scarborough, secretary; Miss Anne Morgan, treasurer; Mrs. A. M. Dike. Miss Elisabeth Marbury, Mrs. Frederick H. Allen, Mrs. Schuyler Van Rensselaer, Miss Edith Bangs, chairman New England branch; Mrs. Russell Tyson, chairman Chicago branch, and Mrs. John Casserly, chairman California branch. The national chairman of tbe fund is

Mrs, Ethel bert Kevin of New York. The aim of the American Fund For French Wounded is to help France. Its national headquarters at 122 Madison avenue, New York city, has been shipping to Paris an average of 400 to 600 cases of supplies each week. This represents a monthly average of 500,000 articles. Including garments, bedding, surgical dressings, comfort pillows, rubber goods, Instruments, gauze, rubber sheeting, flannel, cotton, ether, anti-tetanus serum units and morphine. Tbe workroom has been entirely self supporting, and all the work is done by volunteers. Tbe fund is now officially recognized by the French government as an auxiliary agency in caring for the wounded In military hospitals. Motors Contributed by Americans. Tbe work In France is directed by a board of administration, having its headquarters In Paris. There are a large number of volunteer workers.

chiefly American, acting as secretaries or helping in the inquiry department, the receiving department, tbe ware-

bouse, tbe packing room and the motor

service or as visitors to hospitals. The motors 'are contributed and maintained by American donors, and the Paris

depot has In its service today twelve automobiles. Its distributing service is particularly effective by reason of

the fact that Its members personally visit the military hospitals in tbe sec.

tlona of France allotted to the fund,

Paris depot Is able to ascertain exactly what supplies are needed at tbe different hospitals. In this country 500 committees In cities and towns are collecting money for the fund. The Boston committee has organized 210 sun-committees throughout New England, the Chicago committee baa twenty-nine, and each of the general committees In St Paul.

San Francisco and in other cities have organized a number of sub-committees. Each committee is independent in respect to its finances and contributions, working, however, under tbe supervision of the National Central Committee in New York city, which keeps a careful and complete record of the work of all committees and through its Paris depot inrorms the auxiliaries of the changing needs ot tbe hospitals they are helping. Greater Efforts Now Raqulrad.

With the prolongation of tbe war

and tbe constant increase of suffering and privation, both military sud civilian, it wiil require tbe utmost efforts of all the American committees to keep the French warehouse supplied. The extraordinary way in whicn the American local committees heretofore have accomplished this, working here to America, where tbe wrk la without the stimulus of constant touch with the demand, where it takes Just patience and dogged euatimnte to go through tbe dally diiidsery, and rouse other and more reluctant pcwple to da tbe same, encourages cne ueitet on tne part of leaders of the Fund that tentative promises of supplies will be entirely fulfilled. The demand for supplies becomes more urgent every day. It la the Fund's air durtug the coming year materially' to increase the output.' Iu order to meet the situation it Is necessary to arouse a mure widespread In

terest In the work of tbe American

When the organization first startrd its work a large proportion of suppiie went to Normandy and Brittany. Ii soon became apparent that NormanAy, by reason of its nearness to certain bases, was better able to obtain Its necessities. Efforts were then directed to the Brlttsny hospitsls which were situated in picturesque and primitive villages far from the railways and seemed unable to attain even a meager portion of the things most needed Now, after months of organized relief work, the fund Is flooded witb appeals from doctors and nurses in the military hospitals from one end of France to tbe other. It has been the policy of tbe fund to ship supplies only, using all contributions of money for tbe purchase of articles In America. This has been done with the double purpose of helping the American workers and their industries as well as tbe French hospitals. In addition, certain designated funds are sent to Paris for tbe use of the Paris depot as a discretionary fund for the purchase of articles for special emergencies.

each worker being in charge of a spec!

fled district Working in conjunction i Fund tr rr.ni.h wi ...

mittee, which comprises Mrs. Lewis B. ' with the American clearing house, cne ! additional committees in large centers StillwelL chairman; Miss Maud We't- of whose members is a member of the with sub-committees tnrougbout the more, rice chairman; Miss Elizabeth executive committee ot the fund, the United States.

Ships Carry Goods Free. All materials donated or purchased in America out of casb funds contributed are shipped, free of charge, on French steamers direct to Bordeaux. On the arrival at Bordeaux tbe cases are placed in cars provided by the French government and carrying special notices on tbe outside, insuring prompt transportation. Cases from points as remote as San Francisco have been delivered at Paris within six weeks of the date of shipment Recently the American Fund For

French Wounded has become affiliated

with the American ambulance field service. This arrangement is of the greatest valae in forwarding supplies to tbe hospitals at the front where the

motors driven by women cannot go. Kvery week tbe field service sends several automobile ambulances to Its various sections to replace ambulances destroyed or worn out In service, and occasionally new sections of twenty or more ambulances leave Farts Tor the front Kch of tuese cars before leaving If packed wUn surgical dressings, nilions, blankets, shirts, pajamas, socks, comfort bags aud whatever other supplies are available, to be distributed by the American drivers among tbe hospilala or among the individual wounded soldiers In the dressing stations which the American field service erves. Ho agency could be more effective or oiore appropriate for conveying to the heroic soldiers, suffering in hospitals located in many instances only a short distance behind the trenches, the tangible evidence of America. ayp-pathy.

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