Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 40, Number 146, 1 May 1915 — Page 4

tAGE FOUR

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM. SATURDAY, MAY 1, 191'

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM

AND SUN-TELEGRAM

Published Every Evening Except Sunday, b Palladium Printing Go. Palladium Building, North Ninth and Sailor Sts. R. G. Leeds, Editor. E. H. Harris, Mgr. ta Richmond. 10 eenta a week. By Mall. In advanceone year, 5.00; six months, $250; one month. 45 cents Rural Routes, ta adrance oa year. 12.00; six months, 11.25; one month 25 cents. -Entered at the Post Office at Richmond. Indiana, a Seo ond Class Mail MatterInternational Law Charles P. Steinraetz, consulting engineer of the General Electric company, believes nothing can take the place of international law. He writes: "International law is now being rewritten by the war, in a manner very different from that which was dreamt of by the advocates of universal peace, of arbitration treaties and Hague conferences, though in a very simple manner. Instead of the complex mass of rules about civilized and uncivilized warfare, about contraband and private rights, all that remains is : "Paragraph 1: There is no law between belligerents. "Paragraph 2: Neutrals have no rights which the belligerents need to consider. "Paragraph 3: Neutrals are graciously permitted to relieve their feelings by writing diplomatic notes of protest, and possibly, if it should be found

. convenient, some minor sums may, after the end of the war, be paid to some of the neutrals in compensation for alleged damage claims." "However much we all may hope that law may once become a part of human nature, a moral issue voluntarily obeyed, it is not so today, nor has it ever been. Since the days when Rome wrote the national and international laws to suit her interests, law existed only as far as there was a power ready and strong enough to enforce it. So today in Mexico law has ceased, since there is no police power to enforce it. So "international law" is non-existent today, with all the great military nations at war. After all, no nation has ever paid attention to law and treaties, when against its interests, and it could safely violate them. England, the defender of Belgian neutrality, has a record, from the destruction of the Danish Fleet in 1807, and the taking of Labuan as naval station, the bombardment and firing of defenseless Alexandria, not to speak of the Indian mutiny and the Boer war. Germany and Austria-Hungary have nothing to boast in righteousness in the appropriation of Bosnia, in Bismarck's forcing Switzerland to expel the German socialists in 1888, and the incidents leading up to this. America's record also is very far from clear, from the violation of the Chinese treaty by the Chinese exclusion act, to the offer of ten million dollars to the Panamanians, for starting a revolution and giving us the Panama Canal. A code of international law, as we believed it to exist, can never again be restored, for whatever agreements and promises may be made, today's history can not be undone, nor can anyone ever again place confidence in international law, knowing that every nation, whatever protestations of morality and civilization it may make, disregards it in furthering its interests whenever it can safely do so.

Places

Her

rp 1 rue

Love

Above Law of Land

Peace at Polls History Does Not Show that People Have Prevented War

BY ROLAND G. USHER, Professor of History, Washington Unlversit, Author of Pan-Germanism, Pan-Americanism, Etc. The new peace organizations now being established over the country have placed before the American people a distinct, practical, immediate Issue: the use oi a popular referendum as an immediate as well as permanent method of securing peace in Europe. They demand a vote by the people of the nations concerned on all treaties before they finally become operative, and mean literally that no terms of peace are to be accepted which the people at large do not approve. It Is clear that, if war has been caused by governments againat the will of the people who, w ish for peace, these proposals will eliminate the method by which war and ptuu have been usually concluded. They would destroy the machinery. But is the democratic control of the terms of peace by popular vote feasible? Is the machinery proposed likely to produce the desired effect the direction of policy by popular opinion, the prevention of action by a part of the people contrary to the will of the majority? The nineteenth century has given us a certain amount of precedents regarding plebiscites and makes It possible to say with some approximation of impartiality that the great bulk of honest men in this country and In Luropa are not at all willing to admit that a plebiscite affords a really accurate indication of popular opinion. People Favor War. It is perfectly clear that the present policies and the increase of armament have been often approved at the polls; Napoleon Bonaparte and- his methods were more than once accorded overwhelming majorities; and most of the present cabinets, who are so largely held responsible for the war, were put in office and are now supposedly maintained In it by men who claim to represent popular opinion expressed at the polls. If the present constituencies were to vote on the basis of the present franchise in Eu

ropean countries, what ground have

erced into war against their wills by a small majority which influenced them to vote at the polls In affirmation of the present policies, can they rtot also be coerced at the polls by this same minority on the treaty of peace? If they were incapable of judging correctly the situation before the war, will they be more capable of voting upon it intelligently when presented to them in the shape of a treaty of peace If money was used to create war, who received the money? Was it not the electorate or those who control the electorate? The real difficulty seems to be again that which we find so common in political and social reform: the beliet that the community is already intelligent enough and well enough organized literally to take direct control of Its own of fairs. The experience of the nineteenth century has not demonstrated to students of politics the truth of this proposition. If it is not true in simple questions of administration in which ambition, hatred and prejudice play a small part compared to their influence upon foreign affairs and war, it will be relatively less true of the more complicated issues upon which the public mind is less amenable to reason and more easily swayed by prejudice, hatred and the opportunity for material gain. When we test this precise proposal for the settlement of the difficulties of the nation by popular vote, does not the experience of the nations with the plebiscite afford us comparatively small expectations of its success as a remedy for the colution of their most difficult and most complicated problems?

PEOPLE IN RUSSIA FIGHT DRINK HABIT

PETROGRAD, May 1. If- a vote

of the Russian people were taken today on the subject of re-establishing the traffic in vodka, I doubt if the drink demon would poll twenty " per cent, writes a staff correspondent of the International News Service. Russia, from one of the most drunken, has become the most sober country in the world. Rich are in the same boat with the poor. Not only are vodka shops closed, but beer, wine and other alcoholic drinks are prohibited in clubs and fine restaurants. An investigation a few days ago by the Imperial Technical society showed that among the workmen in factories 9 per cent took alcohol regularly. Today the only drinking left is secret consumption of eau de cologne, or even a kind of varnfshr toy a few fiends whom the drink habit has enslaved. As tor the masses, life both in town and country has changed. Provinces two thousand miles apart tell the same story. Where formerly quarrels, fights and even serious crimes were common on every holiday, now there is good will and good order.

FLEET IN; NARROWS

ATHENS, May 1. The greater part of thus Anglo French fleet has entered the Dardanells and is bombardingthe torts- defending- the narrows. Fierce laod fighting is in progress on both sides of the Dardanelles with the Turks rushing up reinforcements in an attempt to stem the advance.

STRIKE COMMITTEE COMPLETES WORK CLEVELAND. O., May 1. Determination of the price to be paid for yardage and dead work on formal agreement on rules governing "dirty coal," (coal from which all slate and

HETTY GREEN SUES FOR PALTRY $1,775 CHICAGO. May 1. Mrs. Hetty Green, America's richest woman, is trying through court action here, to recover- $1.7X5. which-she declares is due her on a loan of $2,000, which has been sold to Sarah S. T. Folsom. According to Mrs. Green's complaint she believes the security she possesses is not sufficient . to protect her investment.

soap rock have not been eliminated) was all that remained to be disposed of before the joint committee of operators and miners here in an attempt to end the Eastern Ohio cola miners' strike, which has kept 15,000 men idle for more than a year.

Wanted Competent white cook, no washing or ironing. Address Cook, care Palladium. 23tf

Cause of Sleeplessness. Sleeplessness often results from a disordered stomach. Correct that and you can sleep as well as ever. Mrs. Mae Ingersoll, Pulaski, N. Y., was troubled with indigestion and headache. "I was so restless at night," she says, "that I could not sleep. Chamberlain's Tablets were so highly recommended that I got a bottle of them and soon after I began taking them I was very much improved. Two bottles of them cured me." Obtainable everywhere. adv.

Admitting that her love for Benjamin H. Loveless, scion of a wealthy family in Wheaton, 111., a suburb of Chicago, was so great that she defied law and convention, Miss Alice Swanson, arrested at Los Angeles on telegraphic orders from the authorities of Rockford, 111., appeared in court with her two year old son and listened to arguments that finally earned her release on a habeas corpus writ. Simultaneously the police of San Francisco had placed Loveless under arrest there. It was the climax to the disappearance of Loveless 15 years ago, when in connection with a civil service scandal he departed for the west, leaving his wife and two children.

PAROLE WEBSTER MAN

INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., May 1. Governor Ralston has issued a parole to Richard Browne who shot Howard Starr at Webster, Wayne county, near. Richmond. Browne was convicted of assault and battery with intent to commit murder in 1913. The governor's parole filed with the Secretary of State was given over the protest of Will Reller, prosecuting attorney in the case, and a bitter protest from Howard Starr, the man Browne shot. Browne's sentence was from 2 to 21 years. Warden Fogarty in a long letter to the governor recommended clemency in the state.

BRITISH UNIVERSITIES SEND MEN TO FRONT

DROWNS IN FUTILE EFFORT AT RESCUE

LONDON. May 1. No one place in England probably has the war wrought such changes as upon Oxford and Cambridge. Neither university had been "militarist" in tone, though each had its officers' training corps, Cambridge taking her's perhaps a little more se

riously than Oxford. Yet, no sooner

SOUTH AFRICA FEELS PINCH OF BIG WAR

CHTCAOO Mav 1. Somewhere on

we to expect so diametrically different i thf, floor of the Chiraeo river is ihc 1 had war broken out than each head

a result as that between war and j body of Joseph Tordio. 19, who died in quarters was rife with applicats for peace? If the electors with the ballot j an attempt to save the life of a boy j commissions for past and present in their hands were not capable of wno was a stranger to him. Albert j members. Hundreds of commissions electing by the present machinery men 1 Arrigo, S, was drowning when Tordio I were obtained before the term began, who would keep peace, is there much leaped into the water to save him. j and there were not a few enlistments,

probability that the same electors win i The lad fought with his rescuer and , although enlistment is discouraged

LONDON. May 1. South Africa has been hard hit by the war. DeWet and Meyers cost the Union government a large slice of the $35,000,000 provided for war purposes there by the imperial treasury in London. But a serious loss of a differtnt sort is provided by the closing down of the diamond mines. The war has killed the market for such luxuries as diamonds. Even in the United States, no diamonds are wanted just now or while the war lasts.

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ANEMIA Mrs. F. A. DeWitt. Marengo, Ohio, says: Peruna to be the best tonic. I recommend it for any condition of the system."

"I believe run-down

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Dr. Wo Ro MAY

SPECIALIST

Will Be at The

AranMp

be better able to judge Ihe actual dif

ficulties of an extraordinary complicated situation that they were to estimate the capacity. Intelligence and policies of the present administration? A further claim, widely believed to be true, charges the war to the exertion of undue influence upon the governments by commercial interests devoted to the manufacture of munitions f war. Were It not for them the war might have been avoided. The assumption Is plain that if the control of war and peace was in the hands of the electorate, these men would be powerless. Do we find good ground for such an assumption In the experience of nearly all countries with the exercise of undue influence upon the electorate by corporations and political rings? The present influence of wealth upon the Oerman government is supposedly due to the franchise itself. Do we see in the United States, where manhood suffrage prevails, the interests helpless and Incapable of furthering their ends? After all, It seems reasonably clear that the real difficulty is not one of machinery. It is the people themeelves who are at fault. They have now in many countries all the machin

ery necessary to take control of the ! government and its policy, or to have

control, if they had wished, when the war broke out. If they could be co-

both went to their death.

of the boy was recovered.

The body among the men who could serve their

country better as officers.

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