Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 39, Number 277, 1 October 1914 — Page 1

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XXXIX. NO. 277RMsrt.W7-Tlww

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TAG SALE tlks Sarah Hill Urges CitM tens to Suppc r ; Institution With ; Generc : Contributions Saturda rOMEN OI TER TAS Ldditicn of Stam Laundry Nnd Sanitary Equipment lVAike Greater Efficiency hs Handling ases. BY HOSPirKl There is no one tf which our peo than of . ur fine. 1 Splendid York that We ar realise th ttfcsolute necessity community and ' ' REPORTER. ing in Richmond can be prouder, spit a 1, and of the c i$ doing. ; .. it has become an " the life of the tifeds of people can testify to fts iflciency in their own individual ctu s, while scores of families are grat- ul for the relief from anxiety wh!. a it has brought them in caring n the best and most effective manner or those cases of nerious Illness and of dangerous accidents which could not be cared, for in private tomes without additional risk, as they are not able to supply such panitary conditions f for recovery as field hospital affords. : Reid Make Gift. To the splendid original installment has been added a magnificent steam ... ,. , (Continned on Page Eight) FEUD SPIRIT GROWS AT WEBSTER OVER BROWII-STARR CASE Residents Ask Pardon for I Man in Penitentiary to Curb Bitter Sentiments in Community. ,tn quiet little Webster, six miles The" fonrtnl .fnAltnc ffl hptwppn uvmhizprn of Howard Starr and those ichard Brown, who is now in the penitentiary for two to twentyear for shooting Starr. fore the state board of pardons ster. He said Howard Starr etarte trouble by committing various years ago when he became a tenn the house of Richard Brown s r, which were meant to provoke g Brown. Id win Bald that sympathy is with young man in prison, and that the eful community in which the troustarted has split until traces of fnici spirit can be seen. He asked for Brown's release from the penitentiary to. prevent the breech from widening. Reller Fights Pardon. John P. Robbins, of the law firm of T'onks, Robbins and Starr, substantiated what Baldwin said. He declared Judge Fox should have suspended sentence and given the young man another chance, as he had never committed a wrong before and had a reputation as a peaceful citizen. Prosecuting Attorney Reller appeared before the board and opposed the petition for Brown's pardon, declaring that a different "light is being thrown on the case now by friends of the imprisoned young man. He has a hitter from B. B. Johneon, secretary. td Governor Ralston, In Which J:!unoh says the governor and. others Relieve Brown should remain longer in ie penitentiary for the good of society. The shooiws occurred a year ago xiear the C, and O. depot in Webster. Starr has comnl tely recovered. Brown was sent to tit;; penitentiary after a ehort trial It ati g less than two days.

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CHAPiTY "REPEATERS" -FFECMELY REPULSED Central I m ;au Detects Frauds, Stops Imposition on Willing Dono s, ?uts Deceivers on1 Own Resources Card System Checl s Jp Each Case, Gives DtHidex Identity of Recipie is but Also Assures Aid t H very Worthy Person.

Rlchmord I is a system of detecting fraudulent chdiity cases which probably equals any in the United States. No I Richmond person Is clever enough 'to elude the system and become s.chs-itf-ble "repeater" unless he oes to Imi osHiible measures to do so. The central bureau of charities will act a the clearing house of charity in Richmond. Already the register lists tbe;names of almost every person who has received aid from, organizations intljyidual givers. j The 1 secretary. Mr. Melpolder has jtfound many instances in which the iame Pfon ot family was receiving iald fromftvo or more agencies. la some fc5" legitimate. JPhartty Deceptions. In oth cases, the recipient has sue-" ceeded bT deception in getting enough money wocery orders to savu his town njy for unnecessarily expenITO TCZ f . 1W Bome Pleasures -which Of chanty patrons would not pMJ to toew pt it. v

EXPERT NURSE

M&ninorci urniTfi

ULUULU IILHklll DAY WITH TALK Miss Helbert Comes Fkpi . Cincinnati to Give Lecture 0on Tuberculosis at High . School Building. PROGRAM IN SCHOOLS Prevention Committee As- ! signs Speakers to Address Students on Disease in Morning and Afternoon. Using the report of Miss F orence Benner, visiting nurse, as the' ' argument for better tuberculosis preventative measures and th exerse of more care, by patients, speakers will discuss the subject in all schools of Richmond and Wayne county tomorrow as part of the disease prevention day program. Miss Benner says eight of the ten deaths under her care have been due to tuberculosis. The only meeting provided for the general public or those who cannot attend the school meetings d iring the day will be at the high sch ol tomor row night. Principal Pickell announced today that Miss Sarah Hel bert of Cincinnati, has been secured to speak on "Tuberculosis, Palliation, Cure or Prevention." Miss Helbert is a nurse who has had . practical experience in handling tuberculosis cases. She uses a stereopticon to illustrate her lectures. She is in the employ of the ' Cincinnati Anti-Tuberculosis society and devotes her time entirely to speaking in public. V . ' Committee Gets Speakers. The disease prevention : committee appointed recently by Mayor Robbins has secured speakers for every school in the city. County Superintendent Williams and County Health Officer Krueger have worked ' together in sending out material for the county school teachers to present tomorrow. Vaile and Whitewater schools will have evening meetings. At the White(Continued on Last Page.) STUDENT ACTIVITY AT HIGH LOSES $8 TOR7 II Auditing, Committee -jpsports Receipts FjTfwa Ptfs, Ath letics and Paper&Fall Few Dollars Short. As shown by the report of the committee appointed to audit the books of the Richmond high school board of control, student enterprises were carried on last year at a loss of $8.03. The following report of the committee covers the period from October 1, 1913 to October 1, 1914. Departments showing gains were: Plays Receipts $213.96; payments $111.50; gain $102.16. . Student Enterprises Receipts, ?17,25; gains, $17.25. Cynosure Receipts, $54.73; gain, $544.73. :;?' " Departments showing losses were: General Fund Receipts, $25.65; payments $41.99; loss $16.34. Equipment of Clubs Receipts, none, payments, $21.15; loss, $21.15. ' Basketball Games- and Equipment Receipts, $80.60; payments, $115.15; loss, $34.55. , , Track Games Receipts, $31.39, payments, $33.60; loss, $2.21. Baseball and Equipment Receipts, $7,55; payment, $33.20; loss $22.65. Pierian Receipts,, $465.51; payments, $535.64; loss $69.73. Lockers Receipts$3.64 ; payments, $19.18; loss, $14,144. Total gains, $174.14; total losses, $182.17; net loss $8.03. Amount on hand, October 13, 1913, (247.95; amount on hand October 1, VM, $239.92. Not .only is duplication in charity giving nded in this city, but the duplication of work will cease. Every organisation will find that a few name "nave been dropped from its list tad that it is confining itself more Closty! to its allotment Another saving will come from knowing when to drop a case, and how. to help the person to provide for hfcrself. -.s? Vli , illustration - of how the records ar (constantly kept before the central butfea J members is given by showing what will occur at meetings which are hrfvi -weekly and in which every case

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4J Is Brought up.- f ' ti1' Cards Show Details.

ftte secretary with This file record, t)ces the "diagnosis and treatment" ourds which really represent an abridgement in cypher ot mil moves in file case; and without V mentioning X Continued on Page Nine.).

RICHMOND, IND., THURSDAY EVENING,

SUMMER WORK

VALUE TO BOYS AT: Principal Pickell Believes V a c a t i o n Employment Tends to Mold Future Life for Students. PUPILS GIVE REPORTS School Printing Plant Pre- . pares for Collection of Data oh Amount Earned During Last Vacation. What Is the effect of summer employment on the high school boy? Does it tend to mold his future life and -lead! him into some special line of work? v Does it make his a most serious student the following year with a keener realization of the value of an education? :Those are some of the questions Principal Pickell of the high school, will try to answer with statistics be will ask students who worked during the summer to give him. Before the close of the last school year Professor Pickell asked boys who were employed during the summer to keep a record of their earnings, the hours, and the kind of work. Individual amounts and all information is to be considered confidential by the principal. From questions asked among the students, Principal Pickell believes, he will, be able to collect much valuable data. Since the printing plant is swamped with official school printing which must be turned out as soon as possible. Principal Pickell has been unable to get the cards on which the boys are to make their reports printed. To Start System. , V With the preparation of the cards which will be used in an index system, the collection of statistics will be pushed rapidly. While f Principal Pickell does not expect to get reports from a majority of the students this year, he will be able to start the movement and have many more boys keeping records next year. From the information he expects to find that summer Employment encourages, thrift among the students, and is the means of many selecting the trade or profession which the intend to foltow for a livlihood. - For example, he rald, if a boy works at a trade during the summer and likes it, he may .gobaelc the next .summer, gradually QSgpt'bY h& his own mans of gaining a living. ' ; While this material is being collected largely for the lessons it will give independently,' it " Is thought it will prove valuable In connection with the effort for individual instruction and in adjusting the school work to the needs of the community. CRAWFORD HERE TO START FIGHT Former Democrat Turned Progressive Speaks at Gennett Tonight. Tonight in the Gennett theatre at 7:45 o'clock, voters of Richmond and Wayne county who are interested in the story of the Democratic methods in the last general assembly will have the opportunity of listening to a straight-from-the-shoulder talk byJSarl Crawford, who represented Wayne and Fayette counties in the last session as a member of the house. Mr. Crawford's narrative will be plain spoken, and will relate in detail his own experiences as a Democrat who would not obey the commands of the 'higherups" in matters pertaining to pending legislation. Mr. Crawford and W. D. Headrick of Indianapolis are to be the speakers at tonight's meeting, and R. G. Leeds will act as chairman. Being the first political meeting of the local campaign, it is expected that a large audience will be on hand, the Progressive committee being in receipt of information today that there will several out of-town delegations. The Richmond band will provide'- the music. All voters are. invited, as well as the women. Special provision ' has been made to provide seating accommodations for the women. CHICAGO POLICE HOLD 4 MURDER SUSPECTS CHICAGO, 111., Oct. 1. Four men are being held in connection with the murder of James Barry, a St. Louis produce jobtfer, whose body, still warm was found in a gunny-sack last Sunday. The police are searching for Clarence E. White, a teaming contractor, who is said to have been seen with Barry .and to have known that Barry carried money. , There was no money on the body. v The Weather FOR INDIANA- Fair tonight and Friday; slightly warmer tonight. TEMPERATURE 70 Noon Yesterday. Maximum Minimum .s...;... 77 ...44 W. E. MOORE'S FORECAST. LOCAL CONDITIONS Fair tonight and Friday. . Probably warmer Friday. GENERAL CONDITIONS', Fair weather still prevails over the United States and .except for storm .Wednesday on the gulf coast, with continued heavy rain in: Alabama, Florida and Montana. ,

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BOARD REFUSES TO SIGN TERMS DRAWNJY BOND Model Block Contract With Home Builders Not According to Instructions, Protests Alfred Bavis.

PACT CALLS FOR $414 President Declares If Board Without Power Resignations Would Save City Amount of Salaries. A lively dispute over, the refusal of the members of the board of public works to sign a contract in connection with Improvements for . the - "model block" in the Reeveston t addition, featured the board session today. The contract was drawn up by City Attorney Bond arid has been signed by. the Richmond Home Builders company and the Home Telephone company. The board members refused to place their signatures to the contract because it bound the city to pay, out about $300 more than the board had anticipated paying. Mr. Bond insist ed that he prepared the contract irom memorandum secured from the board j itself. This the board members and Superintendent ' Kleinknecht . of the municipal plant denied. The board . members objected to a provision in the contract which . required the city to meet the expense of placing the city plant cables in the conduit along the "model block," North Nineteenth street, amounting to $410.; Board members contended that the agreement they had entered into with the Home Builders company provided that the entire cost of the var ious improvements on tnis mock was to be borne by the company. President Bavis said the city was willing to pay the difference between the cost of an overhead wiring system, used in every residential district, and the con duit system, which would amount to $108, according to - Superintendent Kleinknecht' s , estimates. Not Responsible for Bond. Attorney Wilfred Jessup, represent ing the Home -Builders company, re marked that it was a peculiar state of affairs when the board would refuse to approve a contract it had had its own attorney prepare, which brought forth the caustic comment from Mr. Bavis that the board was not responsible if the city attorney had Incorrectly drafted the contract. Mr. Bond then reroafhed that he-had prepared the contract as he had been adVised to by the board. , "The Home Builders and the tele phone company have acted in good faith in this matter," exclaimed Mr. Jessup. "Now who will we turn to for final action on the part of the city?" "You will turn to the board of public works, which is vested with authority to act, as you well know," retorted Mr. Bavis. The board president then sarcastically remarked that if the board was to become a nonentity it was time for its members to resign and save the public money now being paid out to them for salaries. Disagrees .With Bavis. Mr. Jessup insisted that the cable which was to be placed in the con duit could not be considered as a part of the permanent improvement. "The Home Builders have made all the improvements at its own expense including a conduit the city can use without expense to increase the revenue of its own plant. Now to further aid you in securing this additional business you want us to pay the cost of the necessary cable," Mr. Jessup said. "I disagree with , your argument," exclaimed Mr. Bavis. "All extraordinary expenses must be regarded in the nature of permanent improvements. To provide underground wiring in this district Is an extraordinary expense and the city will refuse to pay more than what it would cost to secure this business in the ordinary manner, by an aerial system." We Won't Stand for It," Exclaim Consumers Some Dealers . Express Opposition to Increase in Price. ' "We won't stand for It." f In this manner a number of south side housewives declared themselves today',; when' questioned as to their opinion of the action Of the dairymen who furnish Richmond's milk supply Increasing the price from seven, and one-seventh cents.; to eight and-one--third centra quart, the new rate becoming effective today. ; V They declared if they, found it impossible to secure fresh milk at the old rate they would purchase only condensed milk in the future. Several of the milk dealers- are not in -sympathy - with the rate increase, especially after ' having learned the way It is regarded; by practically all the women customer, and they assert that the new rate was forced on them by the dairymen from whom they purchase most of their milk. Other dairy men assert that the new" city - ordinance which 'requires the delivery of all milk in quantities of a gallox or leas In bottles, Increased their operating expenses so much that they were compelled to4vanee, the price,,,.

WOMEN FIGHT JUMP IN RATE

OCTOBER 1, J914.

ALLIES IKE SMALL GAIUS PARIS CLAIMS

War Office Admits No , Change! in General Battle Line in Eastern French Battle Theatre. GERMAN LINE " HOLDS Advance of Both Ends of AI- ' lies Long Front Gives Germans ' Chance to Cut Through. . i BY FRANKLIN P. MERRICK, international News Service Staff Correspondent. PARIS, Oct. 1. The allies have made progress on both their right and left wings, but the situation as a whole has undergone no change, according to an official announcement Issued here this afternoon.- - ' "There is no modification In the sit uation as a whole," says the statement. 'We have progressed, however, on our left at the north of the Somme, and on our right In the southern pari of the Woevre region." Today's statement shows that the turning movement north of the Somme with the purpose of cutting the German line of communications and forcing the withdrawal of the entire right wing of tn,e German army has met no check. The advance of the allies' right wing, too, if continued, is a menace to the western end of the German army. If the French should succeed in driving the Germans back so that their line through Luxembourg were threatened, the right wing of the Germans as well as their center would have to retreat. There is only one danger . to the allies in this advance at both ends of the battle line in France, and that is their line may become so extended that the Germans can cut through. M'KINLEY DONATES STALL Oil MARKET TO SOCIMT CEflTER Allows Whitewater Women to Store Donations by Dealers Material on Hand for Week's Work. Great success has been met in securing donations of fruit and vegetables to be canned at Whitewater school for the Whitewater social center. , Market Master McKinley has provided an empty market stall in which gardeners and farmers may place the donations. The market men approve of the Whitewater social center movement and those who have not given stated that they will gladly donate in the future. There is a sufficient supply on hand to. keep the women, who are doing the work busy, at the school -for several days. The interest of the workers has not flagged and they are willing -to put up all , the vegetables : and fruit they can secure. v, .; - The list of donors follows: Charles Heckman, 1 bushel tomatoes 4 dozen corn. - ' : : -' Edward Kutter, one-half bushel to matoes, 1 dozen squash. . Newton Helms, 1 bushel tomatoes ' Anthony Zwissler, 6 dozen corn, sack of beans. ; Andrew Pardo, peaches and apples Mrs. Eubanks, quinces. " Conrad Zwissler, 1 bushel tomatoes. Charles Muth, 1 bushel tomatoes. - James F. Petro, one-half . bus! beans, cabbages and peppers William B. Sleeth. 1 bushel J6matoes. :.: '-'v.' John Zeiker, 1 peck beans, cabbage. George Mash, 1 bushel tomatoes. . William Bennon, corn, cucumbers, pumpkins, turnips. . . kSYLUM I CLOSES YEAR Easthaven Shows Economical : Management. v - The meeting of the board of trustees of Easthaven was held in Indianapolis Tuesday and a 'very successful year for the. asylum was brought to a close ' The total funds, available .for, use. at the beginning of the fiscal, year, was 1208,645.38. . Through economies - introduced ' into : the - hospital manage ment, only 1190,305.67 .was used There is-now $15,761.07 fin the; hos pital treasury. Superintendent Smith said today. He has just returned' to the. general fund $2,578.64, the unused balances of the past year. : t - . . Dr. 'Smith will have a complete re port ot tne year in aDout two or three weeks. He is now working ' on K. If you want to VOTE t . This Year You Must Register, Monday .

filJTUEOP'S FALL iriKtJT GLAIL1

LONDON EXPERTS Heavy German Siege Guns Batter Protecting Torts, But King Albert Refuses to - Surrender City. NEARBY TOWNS AFIRE British Rumor Reports Belgian Ruler Prepares to Flee From Capital to Safety in England.' BY BERNARD BELANCOURT, International News Service Staff Correspondent. ANTWERP, Oct. 1. The surrender of Antwerp and the Belgian army has been demanded by the Germans. King Albert has rejected the demand and the bombardment . of the southern forts has been resumed. The Germans are pouring a rain of shells upon forts Waelheim, Lierre, Wavre and St. Catherine today from big guns stationed ten miles away. The German Infantry is also attacking the Belgian army. The town of Lierre has ben fired in several places. Heavy damage has been done to the forts at Walhem. The Germans are reported to have brought six of their 42-centimenter guns to bear on the Antwerp forts. It was these guns that accomplished the fall of Liege and Namur. The Germans are also shelling Termonde again. Two great factories are in flames there. Belgian artillery Is replying to the German guns. What remains of the town is doomed to destruction. The roof of the monastery of St. Cincentlus, which shelters many wounded, is reported to have fallen. Inhabitant of all surrounding "towns are fleeing to Antwerp or Gnent. Grembergen, north of Termonde, is de serted. LONDON EXPECT8 DEFEAT Military Critics Believe Antwerp Will Soon Surrender. LONDON, Oct, 1. The fall ot Antwerp is believed to be imminent, according to military critics. Despite the strength of the fortifications defending the temporary capital of Belgium, the news that the Germans are bombarding with their ponderous 42centimeter siege guns, the same as re duced; the fort at Liege and- Kammvt leads military men to believe that therl reduction of the works : at Antwerpwill prove an easy matter for the tar vaders. -1; There is a report that King Albert of Belgium Is preparing to flee if the Belgians can not sucessfully defend Antwerp. King Albert wfll s likely come to England, as his flight into France Is cut off by the German army. FRESHMEIITO FROLIC High School Girls Hold Ahnusl Reception. The annual freshmen frolic und the-auspices of the Girls' Athletl soclation of the Richmond high m will be held in the gymnasiumbmorrow .- afternoon. . The fresbmJn girls will be initiated into the mjBterles of high school organization bk taught to show proper respect andJubordlnation to their more dignifiedclassmates. The committee havjfig charge of the ticket sale, conslsUftg of Helen Ball, Carolyn Bradley, arena Kamp and Aileen Beisman, refuses to . divulge the nature of the nfcepuon.-. DEN1 LOOSEVELT V tGET OF VENUE BY LEASED WIRE. -VJJ LBANY. N. - Y-. Oct. 1. Supreme ourt JudKe Chester today denied: the request -of Theoaore Roosevelt, lor a change of : venue in the - libel . nit brought against him. by- WIlHam Barnes. Roosevelt maintained that he could .not get a fair trial in: this county.

GERflfflV AIDES ULSTER

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Focstsin City Persons Rctirchj Frca hrdmd Say Oppea-; Heats of Self GoirerisDr Eiircs Agabst Teaatonic Soldiers b Ecrctcn Stress Irish Prophesy '

Bloodshed Yhen r.!titrr - FOUNTAIN CITY. Ind., 'Oct,; -l.The six Fountain City peraonS who sailed for Ireland eight weeks ; ago. when hostilities were opening in -Eu rope, -reached, home the " first - of, the ' Failing to "book passage 'from England on their return trip because American citlsens were forbidden to enter that, country: their: return, was made on thev steamahipc .Colambia.- sailing, from Londonderry. . Ireland," the- same boat that conveyed sm.tp- the toerald.'Iale. - ",; v.. - ' ; x V. rVs did' n; sWU ,batUeshJp the whole time we were cpe, except those li doclt'nid Ur. r E4. IunhamJ XkzSffifcmi&slW tatfwhTle oStti board, ship ewiii mbrt !tat tne IgsdeJa totat darkm.

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Neither Force Gains ia Con flict While Center Rentes Unchanged end " French Active on Left . ' AUSTRIA - APOLOGIZES Promises to Itenove Mines on Italian Cccct cf Adristic , and Pay Daraaje for Lest Boats. - BY FREDERICK WERNER, SUff Correspondent for International Newe Service. , BERLIN, ; via Amsterdam. Oct. . 1. Attacks and counter attacks without decisive effect mark' the progress of the batUe In France, the Internationa News Service was informed at the wax office early today.. A statement Issued at midnight said: "The forts of Antwerp are being bombarded at long range with success. The city la almost wholly invested. Every sortie by the garrison has been . repulsed. Approach to . the city - la made difficult by the area flooded to check our operations. "In France, the fighting on oar right wing continues with neither our forces nor those ot the enemy gaining any decided advantage. The situation in the center is unchanged; on our left wing the enemy, assisted by the garrisons of the Verdun-Toul forts, con' tlnues aggressive measures. . It is apparent that the enemy la receiving large reinforcements, but his forces are being held in check by counter attacks while we maintain the siege of Antwerp. "In the east, we are bombarding the Russian fortress ot Ossowtec with success. Our troops are advancing in Russian Poland, though oppressed by heavy forces. It is stated from Vienna that the Austrian armies are making (Continued on Page Seven.) THIEF STEALS AUTO w 11 I I OF COURT BUI

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D. A. Niccura cf XXcsretowiv . at G. O. P.leetlnar, Fbds : Machine Gcae After Fcrty-

five W&ufez'K':---D. A. Ktccum of Hagerstown, is to

day anjnously searching for his. 1914 modejr seven-passenger; automobile, . : sto0K from in front of the court house :J laft night while he was attending a ateeting .otthe Republican r countjt' ? : .

ventral committee. - Mr. Nlccum. who? ' -owns a grocery; stote in Hagerstown,' .. is. being assisted in locating the stolen machine by the Richmoad police de partment. This morning cards ' de-' ; -scribing the automobile were sent out ; , by Chief Goodwin to authorities in 1C cities and towns in Indiana and Ohio, i:" . The car... which was new and of SS ' ' horsepower,- had the Indiana licenser - . nurcSav 26.481 jt la palntedV-blaclc. . ;: "I . waa not in tho court room more than threeQuarters ot an hoar aatd dwting that . time , the machine was -: stolen." said Mr. Nlccum today. I . have not been able to find anyoxM who ' noticed the car being .driven away., so - r. I have no Infonratloa as to tho dl- V-' rectlon taken by the thief' -f T, v .; - The theft of the Nlccum raachtnp ia.' the second crime of its Und. fa-Rich mond within the past thirty days.. The last of August a machine beloBgtnc to-. Mr. Haus tetter of .this city, was stolen. from-In front of the Murray theatre . and was later found near Daytoau . A;'boy by the name of Lynn has beem ; arrested on? Uxn charge ot &aviB3 stolen this car.1 .t. . . ;

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Icts Effective

agents of the war department are in every section of Ireland inducing men. and particularly young men to enlist. r That they have little , trouble In their . efforts Is evidenced by the fact that a . call two weeks ago for . 10.000 volunteers in Ireland was met with, a response of, upwards of 20,000.i Mr. Durham tells ot being approach ed by war agents. "You can't use me; s t am an American citizen." announced -Mr., Durham.' -They, replied that they -could use him and that they would see ' that he was elevated to an advanced ' office." He declined the invitation., . T' Tbd . party? reached . Ireland Just as - -: war preparations were at their height,. -. Hones In the cities were unhitched from drays, wagons and other vehicles , m the streets and assembled for shipping tp the front. .Later the owners were reimbursed at good prices. Be- -

or the acarcity of noraea and tne -

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