Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 39, Number 254, 4 September 1914 — Page 3

WORK

IN the of

WORLD

and

WOMEN

School Teachers Remain Drudges During Good Old Summer Time

Serving as waitresses In boarding houses, carrying heavy trays and sometimes heavier hearts, in the effort to satisfy the whims of erratic summer boarders. Standing during all the long . hours of the hot summer days behind the counters of department stores. Tramping from house to house, from town to town, ' selling books or toilet articles, or magazines, or something else. Filling inferior positions in big offices. handicapped by their lack of clerical experience. Serving as governesses to spoiled children, of frequently more spoiled families. Working in canning factories, picking over fruits, peeling peaches and pasting labels. Serving as companions to lrrascible elderly women seeking for happiness they can't find. These and a few more equally delightful and arduous occupations will form the pastime of the weary teacher of your boy and girl during the vacation months. And she spends her vacations following these occupations, not because she would, but because she must. For the school teacher, 6he Whose precepts, whose teaching, whose influence forms the strongest factor in determining the kind of woman your girl will be, and the kind of man your son will become, gets less salary than you pay your cook. Her salary, compared with the fee you pay your plumber, is a mere bagatelle. While the sum you pay to her to train your child's mind is as a drop in the bucket compared to the sums you pay to have your child's hair trained in the way it shall grow, or her feet in the way they shall tango or turkey trot. For the average teacher gets a salary of about $40 a month. And she gets that salary ten months of the year. In some cases only nine. It makes no difference that she must live the other two months or three during which she is not employed in her chosen vocation. Her salary remains the same. It averages 133.33 1-3 per month or $8.33 1-3 each week of the twelve months of the year. Many states which have decided upon a minimum wage for unskilled labor place the low water mark of the girl's wages as $8. The teacher In the average ward school has 33 1-3 cents extra pay for her years 33 1-3 cents per week extra pay for her years of Jreparation and the continuous pursuit of knowlodge which she must make even to keep her position. And win ihis superfuous 33 1-3 oOo oo0' Nifty Separate Coat p "for Summer Wear v , 0 6

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cents, over and aboce the weekly wage which has been accepted In some Btates as the minimum, she must present an attractive appearance, she must attend all the conventions of importance to the teacher, she must supply herself with general information concerning the current events, she must keep herself posted on the newest methods of her profession, she must manage to hear the best lecturres, the best musicians and she must sometimes attend summer sessions of Normal schools. That's the reason, when she is not teaching young Ideas to shoot, she must seek other sources of revenue. And these sources are Indeed limited for the girl who has prepared herself for teaching, and for teaching alone, and who has but two or three months of each year to give to an additional undertaking, and those months the sequence of months of nerve-destroying brain wrecking struggle. But that makes the effort none the less necessary. So she clerks in stores, she turns from an erstwhile educator to agent, to governess, to factory girl, to waitress. She must do anything she can get to do, If she is to be able to meet her financial obligations. In rural schools frequently the salary paid to teachers is but $30 per month. But of course In the rural schools the demands are less, and board and room rent cheaper. In the city schools, however the salaries of the average grade teacher range pretty close to $40 per work absolutely necessary. If a girl has specialized in some particular branch of study, and has been able to spend hundreds of dollars for preparation, she may then be able to secure a salary which will enable her to live twelve months a year, without the economic summer metamorphosis. She who a month ago was your child's teacher may for the next few weeks be a waitress, a saleswoman, a canner, a dressmaker, or a nurse maid. She has to do it Just to live.

XE W STYLE IX GEOVES. Fashions in gloves have produced an interesting change in glove modes. Silk gloves reigning supremely last season as the most popular hand covering for hot weather wear are finding their fashionable isolation being encroached upon by the very broad demand being made for the cotton glove. Whether the cost of living or something else has chastened one's view of these low-priced, practical and very good-looking gloves. It is difficult to determine. Whatever the reason, the fact presents them as the most popular glove worn this season by every woman. Nifty is this stunning coat for the young girl's summer wear.. TJnlined it is made of striped ratine. The raglan sleeves and lines of the back give the desired shawl effect to the coat. It's just the thing for wear on cool evenings over the summer frock. $

(A Blouse ffy XTHk combines VjfiV yjj; ' V j two kinds V O vJIKj ' . of crepe I f ; , f , '

There's a Difference Between Stinginess and Economy

There's a big difference between stinginess and economy. Did you ever stop to think of it? This is particularly true of the housekeeper, and the stingy housekeeper is almost never the economical housekeeper, though she always thinks she is. She's just penny wise and pound foolish, as the old adage says. I know two women, both of whom believe themselves to be very economical. Each tries to the very best of her ability to make the most out of everything she has, and to waste . the very smallest amount possible. But they follow different methods. One is stingy. The other isn't. And the stingy one is not the really economical one. Their different methods are noticeable in everything they do. It's to be seen in their cooking, their housefurnishing, their clothes, in everything. And this is the way they do it: Given the same recipe from which to cook, the stingy housekeeper skimps everything just a little bit. If the recipe calls for half a cup of butter, she uses about three-eighths of a cup. She may dilute the milk with water, and the cream with Household Helps To improve and age the life of leather upholstery and prevent cracking, use one part of best vinegar and two of boiled linseed oil. Apply with a soft rag, then polish with a silk duster or piece of cham- ' ois. Do this weekly. To rid the basement of rats or mice, sprinkle peppermint about. They are said to have a terrible antipathy for peppermint, and will quickly flee from any suggestion of its odor. A half pint of turpentine put into each pail of water with which the floor is scrubbed, will positively insure the rugs against carpet bugs. To prevent dishes slipping when cooling in the refrigerator, take two or three discarded fruit jar rubbers and place them on an irregular piece of ice. The dishes may rest on these rubbers In perfect safety. Potatoes may be baked on top of the range. Place an asbestos mt on top of the range, and on this lay the potatoes previously washed clean and dried. Cover with a deep pan, and in one hour you may eat a potato that is just bursting with mealiness. Turn them around occasionally. Before driving a nail Into hard wood run it into a piece of soap. It will then go in as easily as though it were soft wood, and you will see to to your joy that there Is n danger of the wood splitting. If your door sticks or bureau drawers do not run smoothly, rub with dry soap, and they will move more easily

(By Blanche Draper.) milk. She doesn't buy the best grade of flour, and she always buys the baking powder that brings the prize with it. And, of course, though she has saved a little on the initial expense, she has produced what none of the family can eat. They nibble a bit on it, eat is much a's they can, and the rest is thrown away. Given the same recipe, the really economic housekeeper supplies herself with the best of everything which it requires, she uses the full amount of each of the ingredients. And when it is served to the family it is delicious. Every bit of it is eaten. There's not a crumb left. She has wasted nothing. It may be the initial expense has been a trifle mvre. But the waste has been so much less, that she has been really economical. And in addition to that, her family has had good nourishing food, served in a thoroughly palatable manner, which goes a long way ' toward tipping the scales in her favor. It's the same way with house, furnishings. The stingy woman is always trying to buy something for nothing. She always buys the things that are cheaper, the things which are veneered rather than real, the wool and cotton mixed, instead of all wool. In table linen she will buy mercerized instead of real linen. In bed linen and towels, she is satisfied with seconds and mill ends, because they come cheaper. It's needless to relate that she does not get the service, the wear, the value from these

Fashion Notes The broad black sailor, smartly trimmed with white, is in high favor, especially for traveling. Burnt banana and green apple are among the new colorings which have been brought out this season. Velvet crowned, ostrich trimmed hats are the latest fads in Paris these days. Exceedingly striking is the new vogue to trim white organdies with ruchings of blue 6ilk. It's a new freak in automobile veils for one edge to be lighter in coloring than the other. Despite the popularity of short sleeves for blouses, the long sleeves, tapering well over the hand, are quite as popular as they ever were. Small Panama hats are the thing right now, and they are trimmed with scarfs of heavy white chiffon, or righly colored ribbon. . Coat chains have gone out, but bead necklaces of all colors are in great demand. Taffeta suits are wonderfully convenient for semi-dress affair

things which the expenditure of her money should. On the other hand, the housekeeper who Is really economical insists upon the best. It is not necessarily the most expensive. But she buys the thoroughly reliable makes, and pays the pirce for them, even if it is a bit more, being certain that the cheap thing is never the economical thing. As a result, she gets incomparably more wear and service from the things she buys. She has to buy less frequently, and accordingly she saves money. .Likewise, in the selection of herclothes, she insists upon good serviceable materials. She is never satisfied with a thing because the price !s little. She must be assured of its worthiness, and real value. And so it is that she has always garments which may be made over, to sava her newer things. And her bills for clothes each season are considerably less than those of the woman who pays less and buys more. It's all-in the distinction between stinginess and economy. And stinginess never can be translated to mean economy. It doesn't pay. It doesn't save.

Tested Recipes Chicken Shortcake Use chicken that has either been stewed or fricaseed. Remove the bones and skin, and cut the meat into small pieces. Warm it in a double boiler with enough gravy or liquor to moisten it. For the shortcake sift two teaspoonfuls of baking powder into one-quarter of a level teaspoonful of salt and one pint of flour. Rub into the flour one teaspoonful of lard, and one teaspoonful of butter, then add three quarters of a cupful of milk. Mako the dough into a smooth ball, and roll it into a cake about an inch thick. Bake it in a quick oven for fifteen or twenty minutes. When it is done open one edge with a knife and tear the cake apart. Spread the hot chicken on the low-1 er portion, then replace the top and pour a little gravy over all. By making the pastry part in the form of a biscuit, the shortcake may be served in individual dishes. Little Citron Puddings Beat the yolk of three eggs. Add two ounces of sugar, one tablespoonful of flour and gradually one-half pint of cream. Stirring two ounces of citron chopped fine. Put in individual cups, grate nutmeg over the tops and bake In a quick oven. Chopped nhts may be added to the citron if desired. Maple Filling for Cake Put Into a sauce pan a cup of cream and two cups of broken maple sugar. Heat slowly until the sugar Is dissolved, then boil until It hardens in water. Take at once from the fire, and stir and spread on ethe cake.

Summer Porch Ideal Setting For Informal Social Events

Tn the summer months, when all the world lives out of doors, the porch is quite the most logical setting for the delightful social function. And since hot weather precludes all reasonable consideration of anything like a formal attempt at entertaining, there is scarcely anything more suitable for the delightful little occasion when friends meet friends at the home of a friend, than the afternoon tea on the porch. Imagine, if you can. anything more conducive to delightful informality, and sociability, than the afternoon on the summer porch with a cup of tea, and a bit of a wafer for refreshments. All of this, of course, providing that all the appointments are dainty. For right there in the daintiness of the appointments lies all the secret of the porch tea's success. This season there is an abundance of attractive possibilities for the arrangement of the porch tea table. To begin with, of course, the porch must be cool, shady, and well furnished, and the more flowers and shades, and vines there are, the more attractive is the setting. If possible, it is a good scheme to have the tea table to match the other porch furniture, or at least it must harmonize. For convenience it should have two shelves. Especially attractive are the tables of wicker In soft shades of green or in dainty

Let Your Hat, Collar and Belt Match

Quite the newest note for the summer girl is that which bespeaks harmony for her hat, her collar, her belt and, If possible, her stockings. You'd be surprised to note what a nifty air the matching of these things gives to the very simplest costume. It adds a bit of chic which is at once new and entirely captivating. The hat may be just , a simple white sailor, a Panama or even one of the linen, pique, or ratine hats which are so popular this summer. The blouse may be just a simple one and the skirt entirely as simple, while the sohes may be ordinary canvas or buck skin. Add to these a touch of tan or

WITHSTOVE POLISH RIBBON TRIliMJud ,

white effects, er even 1 In the rich browns. - One clever hostess whose afternoon teas are a source of neverending pleasure to" those fortunate enough to be included. Is ths y-or using Japanese effects entirely on her tea table. Her table Is of wicker, and she has chosen a china of dep yellow glaze. The teapot is one of the low. squatty designs which is also followed out In the other pieces of the set. A dwarfed pine forms the centerpiece and this same design is worked out In the covers for the top of the table, and the shelf underneath as well as In the wicker serving tray. Another hostess has worked out a most effective tea service In soft green and. white effects, wonderfully cool and effective for summer. The table in Mission style is finished In a soft green, and the covers and her tray are worked out In stenciled effects In the same dull green. The dishes are of white china with simple conventional decorations ot green. In fact, all the decorations and shapes are as conventional as can possibly be, and wonderfully effective. Certain It Is nothing will give her more satisfaction, and more of a sense of genuine hospitality than the well equipped tea table around which her friends, a few at a time (more always spoils the atmosphere of Informality) may gather, and gossip, between sips of fragrant tea.

blue or pink, or yellow or green, carrying them out throughout the costume, and the effect is Indeed distinctive. One girl who never fails to charm with her attractiveness and simplicity, appeared the other day with a simple white ratine hat. on which was c. band of lemon color. Her blouse, a simple voile affair, had a collar and tie of the same shade. Her belt carried it out. and with her buck skin oxfords, snowy white, she wore silken hose of the same shade. Her parasol of white was tipped with a bow of lemon colored ribbon. It's not necessary to say that the costume, simple and inexpensive though It was, won the admiration of more than one.