Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 38, Number 188, 16 June 1913 — Page 4

PAGE FOUR

THE RICHMOND PALLADIUM AND SUN-TELEGRAM, MONDAY, JUNE 16, 1913

The Richmond Palladium

AND SUN-TELEGRAM.

Published Every Evening Except Sunday, by Palladium Printing Co. Masonic Building. Ninth and North A Streets. R. G. Leeds, Editor. E. H. Harris, Mgr.

In Richmond, 10 cents a week. By Mall, In advance one year, $5.00; six months, $2.60; one month, 45 cents. Rural Routes, In advance one year, $2.00; six months, $1.25; one month 25 cents.

Entered at the Post Office st Richmond, Indiana, as Second Class Mat! Matter.

Let Bartel File the "Charge" "Charges" that the Hon. H. H. Englebert, M. C, has announced he intends to bring against

Dr. M. F. Johnston at the council meeting tonight in an effort to defeat the latter's candidacy for re-election to the school board are too absurd to deserve consideration. Dr. Johnston has frankly admitted that under a former board organization a few school supplies were purchased from a board member without knowledge that this was a violation of the law, but when the mistake was discovered, the practice was promptly stopped. However, Mr. Englebert and his two fellow members of the school committee will ask the council to overlook Dr. Johnston's splendid record for efficiency and scrupulous honesty and to base its decision as to whether he is deserving of re-election on the silly accusation brought against him. If our memory serves us right it has not been so very long ago that the discovery was made that one of the members of the council school committee, Mr. Will Bartel, had been selling supplies to the city. This action on the part of Mr. Bartel, however, did not cause undue excitement in council, neither was it deemed of such importance as to result in the filing of charges against that gentleman.

ry politics into academical affairs, as politics have ben sometimes carried into those affairs In parts of the European continent where the university is an organ of the state. "Freedom Is the life blood of university teaching. Neither the political opinions of a professor, nor the character of the economic doctrines which he holds and propagates, ought to be a ground for appointing or dismissing him, nor ought he to be any less free to speak and vote as he pleases than any other citizen. "Though it is right and fitting that the state should be represented in the governing authority of a university which it supports, experience seems to have proved that both the edu ational policy and the dally administration and discipline of a university ought as far as possible to te either left in academic hands or intrusted to an authority on which the academic element predominates."

C. 0. D. Parcels Post Service The post office department has now issued an order whereby the price of parcels sent by post will be collected and remitted by the government. This practice obtains in European countries which have a parcels post and has been successful, so it may be anticipated that its incorporation into the American parcels post service will be another long step in making that service measure up to the public needs. The government now undertakes to send a parcel collect on delivery for a fee of ten cents and will insure it up to $50. Then the price of the article will be collected from the addressee and the money will be returned to the sender by postal order. Some criticism has already been made that the rates for both collection and insurance are too high. However, the parcels post is still in the experimental stage in this country and, after a thorough trial, if it is found that such rates can be reduced this action will be taken by the government. As a governmental public service the parcels post is not supposed to be a big profit making institution, therefore the rates for service should be no more than to yield a revenue just a little in excess of the actual cost. It is to be hoped the next step taken by the post office department in perfecting the parcels post will.be to equalize the zone rates. Under the present rates it is almost as cheap for people to send parcels to far distant zones as to points in their local zone.

"End Seat Hogs" vs. Gaynor Mayor Gaynor, ready letter writer and wit, has lowered his lance at the "end seat hog" and plunged spurs into his charger, but the "hog" is fighting back in an unexpectedly vigorous manner and some of "those scamp editors of ragbag newspapers," to quote Gotham's executive, believe the "hog" has had, to date, the best df the argument. Following Mayor Gaynor's fiery letter in which he demanded that the board of aldermen prepare and pass an ordinance providing punishment for the "end seat hogs," some of the objects of the mayor's irritation grasped their

trusty pens and poured literary broadsides into their doughty enemy. Summarized, their arguments follow: First come, first served. Why should the first arrival give up his seat to the latest arrival ? If the latest comer was the first to get off there might be some common sense behind the charge of "hoggishness." Otherwise it is simply a case of one hog giving up his place to another hog. The real hog is the fellow who climbs aboard a" car and demands a seatful of people to shove along so that he can occupy the end seat. Education and Politics ' One of the greatest admirers and students of American government is the Hon. James Bryce, late British ambassador to the United States, and what advice or criticism he has offered the American people has always been in the spirit of kindly interest in their welfare. In an address before the University of Wisconsin the great English statesman and scholar sounded a warning against the danger of political interference in the management of state universities in this country. After listing the several menaces which threaten such institutions, he laid the greatest emphasis on the political evil in the following words: "One of these is the possibility that a legislature, or a governing authority appointed by the legislature, may car-

TO PREVENT BIGNESS

Kansas City Star. Two methods of dealing with the big corporations, commonly known as trusts, are now before the country. One method, advocated by Roosevelt and the Progressive party, is to permit them to do business on as large a scale as they may find effective, subject all the time to government regulation. This regulation would prevent unfair practices toward competitors and the pubHc. The other method is embodied in the La Follette Bill, introduced in the Senate yesterday, which provides that any concern that controls more than 30 per cent of a business is engaged in unreasonable restraint of trade. The theory of this measure, of course, is that competition can be compelled by the government. One method assumes that there are economies of business on a large scale which society cannot afford to do without. The other takes it for granted that big business is uneconomical, and that the country will be best served by many small enterprises. A few years ago there was a third method with a large following. This involved the let-alone policy toward the trust problem. This third method has now been eliminated from all political programs.

MEDITATING

Is life, then, a dream and delusion, and where shall the dreamer awake? Is the world seen like shadows on water, and what if the mirror break? Shall it pass as a camp that is struck, as a test that is gathered and gone From the sands that were lamp-lit at eve, and at morning gave level and lone? Is there naught in the heaven above, whence the hail and the levin are hurled, But the wind that is swept around us by the rush of the rolling world? The wind that shall scatter my ashes, and bear me to silence and sleep, With the dirge, and the sounds of lamenting, and voices of women that weep. A. C. Lyall.

r

POINTED PARAGRAPHS

ONE GREAT GAIN, ANYHOW. St. Louis, Globe-Democrat. Young man, marry early, and escape tons of advice to do so.

LET US BE WISE. Philadelphia Public Ledger. The wise man nowadays does his thinking in terms of prosperity, not adversity. Evil suggestion is as bad politically as physiologically.

SOMEWHAT LIKE THE TARIFF. Washington Star. Experiences of John Armstrong Chaloner in different states have convinced him that insanity is more or less a matter of geography.

FURTHER THOUGHTFUL ARGUMENTS. Cleveland Plain Dealer. Now if a suffraget will lasso an aeroplane or shove a locomotive off the track or upset a trans-atlantic liner in the Mersey the cause will be visibly advancing.

MIGHT APPOINT A COMMISSION. Louisville Courier-Journal. Mrs. John A. Logan wants the United States to purchase a Washington residence to be made a home for vice presidents. There is a home for unemployed gentlewomen in Washington. But none for an unemployed gentleman?

'TWOULD INTEREST 'EM. Springfield Republican. The Presbyterian founders of Princeton University ought to return to earth merely to see the bronze statue, called "The Spirit of Youth," on the campus. It's a fullback in playing uniform.

EXCEPTIONS TO ALL RULES. Abilene (Kan.) Reflector. What does the silver lining of a grasshopper cloud look like?

A SMILE OR TWO

Bill I know now that my wife lied to me before

we were engaged.

Tom What do you mean? Bill When I asked her to marry me she said she was

agreeable. London Opinion.

To some ears the word "socialism" comes with a baleful sound and -. . . , i, . .. . .

mu ui lureuoaiogB oi evil; io otners It brings the sweetest music that ever throbbed at the heart of a human ideal. How can we account for this utter diiparity of appeal? History alone can give the answer. All great movements which plow deep and wide begin by drawing into themselves a thousand contradictory elements. Not until a vast deal of the labor of reflection, criticism, and analysis has been expended upon them are they freed from the mad turbulency and illogicality of their youth. Socialism is still in adolescence. Banding this nation with almost a million adherents, girdling the globe with some thirty-five million followers, already become as Emperor William said to J. P. Morgan, ' the greatest issue of modern time," it is as yet barely a generation old. Like Christianity in its ante-nicene days, like Buddhism in the Asokan period, or democracy in the French revolution times, socialism is a melting-pot of heresies in which one may discover almost any radicalism he seeks. Obviously, to define or expound such a movement at this stage of its going is quite impossible. As yet it is largely a tendency, an attitude, a state of

feeling. One must not expect of it thus early a crystallized political program. Therefore in these papers we can only generalize. The present writer is free to confess that while his own particular political theory is socialistic many representative leaders of the Socialist party would not own him. They would scorn his Fabian tendencies as opportunistic and equivocal. Consequently he shall attempt to give not his own views but theirs since theirs is more representative. Marxian Socialism. The characteristic socialism of the present day is professedly Marxian. Much as Eugene Debs, as John Spargo and English Walling may differ among themselves they each and all look to Marx as prophet. To understand "orthodox" socialism it is therefore necessary to know something of the Marxian philosophy of it. It was in 1818 at Treves, Germany, that Marx was born. His father, a lawyer, was descended from a long line of Jewish rabbis, while his mother, a most exceptional woman, was Dutch. Karl studied at Berlin and Bonn and received his Doctor's degree in 1841 with an essay on Epicurus. With his extraordinary ability, philosophic acumen, breadth of view, and an unusual corresponding practical force he might have climbed to the top of the Prussian bureaucracy; but for this he was too much of a rebel, too radical, and too honest. Very early in his career while serving as an editor his views brought the wrath of the government upon him so that he was obliged to fly to Paris. There he met Proudhon, Heine, and Fred'k Engels. Driven from France because

SOCIALISM The Socialism of Karl Marx Bv H. L. Haywood

Brown "I wonder if Smith would indorse my note?" Jones "How long has he known you?" Brown "A month," Jones "I'm afraid that's too long." Chicago News.

Lawyer "I think I can get you a divorce, madam, for cruel and inhuman treatment but do you think your husband will fight the suit?" Woman "Fight! Why, the little shrimp dasn't even come into a room where I am!" Truth Seeker.

"What makes you carry that horrible shriek machine for an automobile signal?" "For humane reasons," replied Mr. Chuggins. "If I can paralyze a person with fear he will keep still and I can run to one side of him." Washington Star. .

"You'd better marry Mr. Ezymut," counseled the fond papa. "Do you think he truly loves me?" asked the pretty daughter. "I'm sure he does." "How can you be sure when I am not?" "I've been borrowing money from him for three months and he keeps coming." Cleveland Plain Dealer. "Before she was married she was constantly on the lookout for a husband?" "Well?" "And since she got one she is still constantly on the lookout for him." Houston Post.

of German pressure he finally settled 1 in London, where, in the midst of the j utmost penury, hardship, and incessant labors, he lived forty heroic and epoch-j making years, to die at last, broken '

from his herculean and self-sacrificing labors, in 1S83. "A Priori" Reasoning.

Marx was but one of a long line of ! socialist philosophers but he marks a I

socialism; the reasons for this will lead us to the very essence of his theories. In consonance with methods in

other departments of thought and ac-J

tivity older social philosophers used the "a priori method" of reasoning. The principle of this is that whatever we think ought to be we will find to be. In using such a method the thinker sat in his library and drew his systems of society out of his imagination very much as a spider will draw a web from her interior. The socialist of that period would, therefore, work out a scheme for the reorganization of society while calmly

reposing inside the four walls of his study, would then commit the same to , paper, with all details carefully work- j ed out, and then carry it to some king i or nabob to have the scheme tried. ;

Usually, the method was to experi-! ment on a small scale in a colony to see how the thing worked with the idea of developing on a large scale later. Because Sir Thomas More's ;

scheme of this kind was the most characteristic of all such they have come to be called "Utopian", because that was the name he gave his own. Marx' Method. When Marx came to attack the same problem he used a method precisely the opposite; instead of saying, "Society ought to be thus and thus therefore we will compel it to be that," he said, "Society is so and so therefore it will evolve gradually into this or that. Its new forms must be gradually developed from within; they cannot be imposed from without. "It is this principle that marks the dividing line between "Utopian" and "modern" socialism, and which, because it is the same as that lying at the base of science, has caused it to be called "(scientific socialism." To discover how society came to be Marx turned to the past and by a process of comparative history showed that the present system of industry is the fruit of the past, having grown inevitably out of it. To understand the present therefore he sought to interpret the process which had made it. Such work demanded a philosophy of social development; and a philosophy of social deveiopment is one of Marx's

the capitalists themselves, drtren by self-interest, and competing with each other, are compelled continually to expand their operations, and to continually improve their machinery, eo that at last production outstrip consumption, the factories must close down, and a crisis results. Men hunger and are deprived of clothing just because they have made so much of food and

signal contributions to historical and

political science. j clothing. Briefly stated the theory which he I All this. Mane urges. i destined to

worked out is that material interests determine the forms of society. ind by material we mean, of course, economic and financial) and that the form of ail political, economic, legal, ethical, philosophic and religious structures is determined by the material base on whit h they stand. This epitomizes the famous "Materialistic Interpretation of History." Present Society Capitalistic. Using this method he arrived at the conclusion that the cause of the peculiar social and legal forms of present society is the capitalistic mode of production, distribution, and exchange, thai being the form in which economic interests have taken in this day. To analyze capital, to trace its antecedents, to lay bare its inner nature, and determining laws became the one sure path to an adequate social philosophy. To this task Marx set himself. For forty years and more he toiled prodigiously, incorporating the results of his labors at last in his famous "Capital," now published in three volumes. In that work he shows how the evolution of industry coupled with other ma

terial changes inevitably created the capitalist and proletarian classes, the characteristic social formation of this age. Then, with an incisiveness that cuts like a razor edge, he proceeded to analyze the capitalist class, how it came to be, w hat it is, and what supports it. "Surplus Value" Theory. This class, he argues, was created by "surplus value," and by that term he signifies that all value or wealth is created by labor, that after the worker has been given his wage, after raw materials have been paid for, all other expenses and the capitalist's own management wage has been paid, there still remains a surplus which is pockefed by the capitalist. This surplus we call profit or dividends. But

continue because it Inheres In the very nature of the system itself. Crisis will succeed crisis until in selfprotection the capitalists themselves will be obliged to form interlocking and artificial monopolies in order the better to regulate the market. Put by that time the whole system will become so unwieldy that it will inevitably break t?jvn of its own weight, the capitalist ftlass, decimated by the multitudes its process of centralization have eliminated, will find itself unable to coutrol its own system, and thus the whole thing will fall to pieces. Meanwhile, the worker class, having been drilled in co-operation through the factory system, having its ranks filled up with the trained minds shored out of the capitalist class by its concentration, will be compelled through the exigencies of social development to assume coutrol of the social functions of production, distribution, ami exchange. Present State to Disappear. When that time comes, the state as we now know it will disappear, or rather be transformed. Its function now is, he holds, to serve as the creature of the exploiting masterclass: when the proletariat are in charge its function will consist solely in the arrangement and control of Industrial processes. Marxianism Most Formidable. Socialism, it will be seen, was to Marx not a set of harness to be buckled on the back of society whether or no but the inevitable outcome of the evolution of capitalism. "Hence the great task of the Marx school Is not to preach a new economic and social gospel, not to provide ready-made schemes of social regeneration after the fashion of the early socialists, nor to counteract by alleviating measures the wretchedness of our present system, but to explain and promote the

Inevitable process of social evolution.

since all this value was created by the i BO that the domination of capital will

collective efforts of the workers it rightfully belongs to them hence the expropriation of it by the capitalist is robbery and constitutes the great social crime of this system. It would be bad enough, he declares, for one man to take the proceeds of another man's toil, but the matter is seen as still more glaringly unjust when we see that one man appropriates the products of the toil of many men. A system in which the few possess what the many create is intolerable. Concentration Inevitable. Another thing which renders the situation still more intolerable is that

run its course and give place to the higher system that is to come. What ever one may think of this philosophy, however one may assent to it or dissent from it, one thing Is certain, it is the most serious and formidable element in modern socialism, and one cannot have an Intelligent comprehension of that movement without a clear understanding of It.

(Editor's Note Tomorrow evening Mr. Haywood will discuss "Socialism From the Citizen's Point of View." The reader is urged in justice to himself as well as to the writer to read this series in continuity.)

A BUSINESS REVIEW OF THE PAST WEEK BY HENRY CLEWS

(By Henry Clews.) NEW YORK, June 16. It has been an eventful week upon the stock exchange. First came the Minnesota rate decision from the supreme court, which was momentarily a disappointment to railroad interests, although not without its favorable features. This decision has happily settled the question of State rights as to the power of rate making. At present a state has the power to make and regulate rates within its borders provided no rates are now in existence within such territory made by the Interstate Commerce Commission, whose jurisdiction

is supreme. This power of the Commission has perhaps been exercised only two or three times In its history. Congress, the supreme law-making i body of the nation, through its servants, the Interstate Commerce Commission, is thus recognized as the final authority in the making and regulation of railroad rates in all the states. The railroads and all their corporate interests will welcome national instead of individual state regulation of their properties, and the exercise of the central authority of congress will conduce in the long run to the stability and prosperity of business, so there is after all a bright lining to the clouds that now obscure the vision of the American people. McAdoo's Master Stroke. The next important event was the announcement of Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo that he was willing to authorize additional bank note circulation to the amount of 1500,000,000 under the Aldrich-Vreeland act when the emergencies demanded. There was nothing new in this announcement for bankers and others in the financial district were quite well aware that the secretary had this power. But the announcement of the new administration to adopt this method when desirable exerted a most reassuring effect, and the better feeling thus induced caused a sharp rally in the entire market and justly so. The 6hort interest had been considerably expanded by previous developments, and the rush to cover shorts materially aided the upward movement.

Mr. McAdoo's action deserves high commendation as a master stroke. Turn for the Better. There is good reason to hope that the market has taken a more encouraging turn for the better. At the same time it would be imprudent to be overconfident. The financial situation at home has not yet been entirely cured. The tension upon the mcney market is great and the demands for new capital still very insistent. Political conditions are unsatisfactory. The situation abroad is still one of great strain. There have been several failures in London resulting from the extreme tension in credit, and in Paris and Berlin there is a similar situation, aggravated by local affairs. Paris is suffering from the reaction in Russian industrials, while Germany is passing through a general trade re

action and a universal shrinkage In securities. The failure of the German loan is an unwelcome reminder of worldwide monetary strain which cannot be cured overnight. The Canadian situation is also one of great concern, the break in Canadian Pacific having had damaging effects in the London market. Delay and confusion in the Harriman dissolution plans add to discouragement. There is, however, a danger of peesimism being overdone. In reality there is a better buying power in the market than has existed in several months. This has been brought about partly by liquidation and partly by the accumulation of large sums of money for the purpose of investment. For the time being thn outlook is certainly for a more confident and active market.

MASONIC CALENDAR Monday, June 16 Richmond Commandery. No. 8, K. T. Special conclave; work in Knights Templar degree. Refreshments. Tuesday, June 17 Richmond -Lodge, No. 196, F. and A. M. Called meeting; work in Master Mason degree. Refreshments. Wednesday, June 18 Wedd Lodge, No. 24, F. and A. M. Stated meeting.

Minnesota's state properties are insured at $9,427,747.07.

TAKE DR. SDIPSON'S VEGETABLE COMPOUND to put your blood in "fit" condition for the hot weather. If there should be a diseased condition, of course you need it. If not, it will take less as a thorough cleanser, and "Spring tonic," than of any other. All Drug Stores

Oil Proof Tires at DUNING'S 43 N. 8th St.

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20 STAMPS with one pound 50 STAMPS with one pound of Elryad Coffee 35 Tea, any kind 70 15 STAMPS with one pound 45 STAMPS with one pound of Ambosa Coffee 324 Tea, any kind -60 10 STAMPS with one pound of 40 STAMPS with one pound of Sultana Coffee 30 Tea, any kind 50 Good Coffees 80 STAMPS with 1 large can at 25 & 28 A. & P. Baking Powder. 50 25 Lbs. Cloth Bag, Best Cane Granulated Sugar . .$1.25 10 Lbs. Best Cane Granulated Sugar 49 Free Delivery The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co. 727 MAIN STREET PHONE 1215 WE GIVE S. & H. GREEN TRADING STAMPS ASK FOR THEM.

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