Richmond Palladium (Daily), Volume 35, Number 327, 2 October 1910 — Page 16

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PAGE FOUIT THE ttIOmiOJO PALLADIUM AXD . flUN-TEIiEGItAIl OCTOBER, 1010.

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FH1T0 CETTER tiie cOuOino; OFIuullGnMlTS AUcatd Abuses Have Been Investigated Silently by Department of Commerce and Leber Agents. COMMISSIONER KEEFE WILL SUBMIT REPORT - Steerage Quarters of Great Trans-Atlantic Steamers far From Satisfying the U. S. Officers.

(fascial Cable - from the International News Bsrvtee.) Washington, Oct 1. Abuses among Immigrant bumbiw who corn to the country through the ports of New York. Philadelphia and Baltimore, has recently been the subject of a "silent' Inspection by Immigrant officers, connected with the Department of Com merce and Labor. Immigrant Commissioner, Daniel J. Keefe, In hla neit Maul report to Congress, will have a number of Interesting things to say wctaf reforms in the service. At present, the Commissioner refuses to make any of hie recommendations pttbUe, but unofficially has allowed a few off the abases which have been Investigated to become known. A few yean ago. Immigration Commission a body appointed by Congress to thoroughly Investigate condition! aaong immigrants especially with retard to steerage passengers, dis eased a number of alleged abases T7oaacn agent were employed as well aa Boa Inspectors, who made trips frees Bvrope la the steerage for the nsjreosa of 'studying condition at etaee raage. j From the reports sub mitted of these conditions, Mr. Keefe beea able to establish an Inspeowhlch has been conducted under tfcls department While not aa far rsacttss aa other Inspections, It has given Mr. Keefe ample opportunity of corroborating statements made by er investigators. sjssm o Viodeu 1 la part, the report which is regard ed as confidential will contain convtactas; proof that the conditions of the steerage Quarters of the great treas-Atlantic vessels is as severe an arraignment of conditions aa was the first chapter la the history of immigration, affecting the whlta slave traf fic. Attempted attacks on immigrant women and girls have not been rem edied; andean and unsanitary condi tion la the steerage are as prevalent today aa formerly; scant and unpala table food are still served, and wan toa and repeated insults, mentioned la former . inspections by women asaats of the Immigration commission, continue without abatement These few evils mentioned in the report of tie commission have in no measure aeon remedied - seemingly In. view of the fact that there Is at present no law, actively enforced, which makes the steamship companies responsible far the conditions. . Far the purpose of grouping the var ious classes of vessels engaged In passenger service between the old world and the new. they are divided into three types the old, the new and vessel which are a mixture of the two. It la on old type vessels "that the condltloas la the steerage are chiefly complained of. It Is there that the Immigrant of which type more than 10,000,000 persons come to the Uaited Hates during the last ten years obtain his first conceptions of American institutions. An Inspector of the commission, who mad an in veetlgatlon on a number of trans-At lantic steamers, has this to say; Regarded ae Freight. "The universal human needs of space, air. food, sleep and privacy are recognised to the degree now made compulsory by law. Beyond that, the persons carried are looked upon as so much freight by the companies with mere transportation as their only due." Aaother Inspector, whose personal investigation ' was made during twelve day voyage in the steerage on eae of the old-type vessels, charges that eye Inspection as conducted at the port of embarkation. Is a sham "If the steerage passengers act like cattle at meals," says the inspector, "It is undoubtedly because they are treated as such by the steamship offi cials. The stewards complain that they crowd like swine, but unless each passenger seises his pall when the bell announcing the meal rings and hurries for his share, he is likely to be left without food. No time Is wast ed by the stewards. At Ellis Island the Inspection by the doctors and the officers of the Immigration service Is quickly completed. The work there has beea reduced to a system and the officers are kind, considerate and humaae, until the immigrant has passed the boundary of their Jurisdiction. "Usually after that the Immigrant la approached by an alleged agent of some telegraph company from his clothing he can hardly be distinguish ed from a federal Immigration Inspec tor. "Show your address," he commands "What'a you name?" he next asks. "Before I knew what It was all about" said an Inspector "thirty . cents for the telegram waa demanded aad obtained." Are Considered Prey, Further on. In the room where the Immigrants are sorted according to the railroads by which they are to eeattnue their journey, they are con sidered prey. A rough guard pushed me Into the pen where I belonced. A

to a spot where my he ess a could he deposited, then to a counter, earing

ahow your money.' I waa about to obey, as a steerage passenger obeys these commands given at so many points in the Journey, when I conclud ed that this was an attempt to' com pel one to buy a box of provisions for his further Journey. Many of the passengers had told me of it and warn ed me. "I refused to show my money, say ing I was going to Baltimore, and did not need provisions for so short a Journey. The man continued shouting thinking thus to force me Into baying antll he spied someone else entering. Then he dropped me and ran for the new victim. The Immigrants are prac tically forced to buy these boxes of provisions, regardless of the length of their Journey or their desires." While conditions have to a great extent been ameliorated during the last few months, stringent laws governing the condition under which Immigrants are brought into the United States are to be urged. Particularly the conditions on ships arriving at the harbor of. New York and at San Francisco where It Is said, vile practi ces are Indulged In. The Whole Question. "The whole question," an official of the Immigrant service stated, "Is due to the graft that permeates the entire Immigration service. It is not exact ly graft either, it Is a system of petty 'tpplng.' The 'capper employed by various privilege men is at the most at the bottom of the trouble. He is one that should be denied the right of earning his livelihood around the Immigration station. The more business the 'capper gets for his boss, the more money he puts into his own pocket Referring to the ships themselves, the official continued: "In the case of a service where thousands of men are employed and many of these, perhaps, looking for the "easy money" that Is constantly laying around. Is it any wonder that abuses exist?" Take the vessels that bring Immi grants to this country from the Orient In the first place, the master of the vessels know that it is customary to law to land a Chinaman In the United States who does not meet the re quirement of the immigration laws. Is the Chinaman refused transportation? No. he Is brought to this country and persons Interested In getting him landed ran the chances of going to jail for smuggling. It a rigid examination were made before such a ship left China, the Immigrant could never cross the Pacific Can't you imagine how with the dnnivance of someone on board the vessel the Chinese Is hidden from sight of a possible immigration Inspector. Can't you conceive the deprivation the Immigrant undergoes on his voyage? "Conditions in the steerage on some vessels are awfuL I have seen numerous Instances of It Congressional legislation Is needed badly. I believe that when needed reform measures are passed by congress, the service will purge itself of many abuses that now exist" OLD : SORE UNHEALED (American News Service.) Paris, Oct 1. A striking Incident showing how the bitter enmity aroused by the France-German war still remains, occurred at Mets this morn ing, while the annual ceremonial was being held in honor of the French soldiers who were killed there In 1870. After Mass In the cathedral an Im mense procession made its way to the cemetery to place flowers on - the graves of the French soldiers. In the cemetery which was strongly guard ed, were several German police, mag istrates and a number of police and detectives In plain clothes. The crowd marched to the graves In perfect silence, and a number of boquets and wreaths tied with colors of the town of Metz and with the colors of Lorraine were laid at the foot of the monument A group of ladles carried an im mense wreath with a large bow of red, white and blue ribbon, and Mile. Aubertln an old woman of eighty-four who was a nurse in Metz during the siege, laid the wreath at the foot of the monument with the other flowers. At this moment the captain of the 8th regiment of Bavarian infantry, who represented the German military authorities, tnterferred and Insisted on the removal of the French colorsVfhe bearer of the wreath being obliged to comply untied the bow and removed the blue ribbon, leaving the flowers tied with white and red only the colors of the Lorraine. No such Incident has ever occurred before, and great indignation was felt and expressed in Parts when the news became known.

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CEWIO IS . HOT CHID DY IB Nicholas of Montenegro Is Still Same as When He Was Only a Prince.

LIVES IN SIMPLE MANNER HE HAS INCOME OF ABOUT $80,000 PER YEAR AND SAVES ONETHIRD OF IT SOME GOSSIP FROM BERLIN. tSpeclal Cable from the International Kews flervice.) BY STEVEN BURNETT. Berlin, Oct 1. Although the little country of Montenegro is now a monarchy and its democratic ruler haa had hla title changed from a prince to that of king, it haa made no radical change in hla style of living. King Nicholas still remains the aame good natured ruler he has alwaya been. Hla court la the moat primitive In Europe and his civil list falls short of the ordinary income of a moderately wealthy American, being but 150,000 a year. Of thla amount the king saves more than, one-third, for he travels rarely and It is impossible for him to spend; it all within hla territory. His inclination to the simple life makes his modest residence at Cettinge too elaborate for his taste. The man ners of his old comrades-in-arms do not always comport with court etiquette, but he is loth to part with them. His favorite residence is a five room large building in the clearing of the mountain forest of Lovtchen. Sheds are provided for the servants and a portable tent la shipped to the coolest spots for the king during the day. He delights to dress like the mass of his subjects and will make no dis tinction between them and himself an any particular. No man will grudge Nicholas his well earned crown of royalty. He haa won his territory more by force of anna than by descent but has won it fairly. Aa a result of taking the bath cure at Nauhelm the phyalcal condition of the c sarins of Russia is slightly improved, although it is doubtful it she will ever be a well woman. The esarIna's condition is primarily the result of her unconquerable fear for - the aafety of the lives of her children, especially the heir-apparent Herr Dernburg, the ex-colonial minister, who is now touring in Korea and Manchuria as the guest of the Japanese government, has brought an action against a cook. Fraulein Anna Dietrich, formerly in his household for corrupt practices in the kitchen. It appears that Fraulein Dietrich whose present whereabouts are unknown, was less proficient in arithmetic than In the culinary art for when Frau Dernburg recently examined her books she. found that the cook had made a mistake in the addition In her own favor, involving $70. The cook also, it is alleged, collected from her mistress various sums for the payment of tradesmen who In reality are still waiting for their money, while $1.50 advanced by Fran Dernburg is altogether unaccounted for. According to the notice posted up at the Charlottenburg police courts, when Herr Dernburg's case against the cook cornea up for hearing la November 11, the ex-Minister not only demands the amount she misappropriated but 4 per cent interest besides, dating from the time ahe left his service. I In the face of the apparent ability of the young King to atem the growth Of Republicanism In Portugal It la stated that negotiations may be set on foot for the return of Prince Miguel who was banished to Austria. It la stated that the clerical party will make aa trong representation to Parliament expressing their desire for the return of the Prince on the ground that King Manuel would have a good advisor, in whose favor, if he thought fit he could abdicate. It must be remembered that In the event of the death of King Manuel and the Duke of Oporto, Prince Miguel Is the rightful successor to the Portuguese throne. After the assassination of King Carlos and the Crown Pronce, Dom Miguel proposed to return, renouncing his rights as pretender to the throne, but retaining his rights to the succession as Prince of Braganaxa. The royal family willingly consented, but the Progressist Government then In power, fearing thae such a atep might lead to Internal strife, refused to allow the Prince's

The Journal "Correio de Notte. thm

organ of the Progressists, in an article now extols Prince Miguel aad expresses the opinion that he would make a good ruler. The Miguel party, la verr itmnr in Port nasi, especially among the nobility. For some time past there have been insistent rumors of negotiations proceeding between the Vatican and the Italian Government with the object of arriving at a proper official 'reconcilia tion" between the religious and civil powers In Italy. It Is a fact that the relations of the Holy See with the Quirinal and the Italian Government have never been so good as they are now. and it may be said that there is at present an extremely cordial "modus vlvendl existing between the two Courts, though of course, there are no official relations. In course of conversation with a high Vatican official. I was told that an Interesting proposition had been pat forward in this connection. It would in the first place be necessary that the Pope should definitely abandon the claim to temperal power, but this renunciation would be limited in effect to the City of Rome, and by way of compensation His Holiness would receive the absolute sovereignity of the Vatican territory, and or a fixed portion of Rome extending to the Tiber. Such la the suggestion as it was ex plained to me; and I give it under reserve. It is however, a fact that Signor Luzzattl has charged a distinguished official to Inquire into the possibility of bringing forward a proposi tion which might form the basis of negotiations. If the Pope should except some such suggestion on the part of the Italian government, a bill would be presented to the Chamber

Sanitary baked. The name 1 J 1 ffilw M - . stands for purity. The Bread 1 f rorl 1 is all the name implies. Eat IjLf jtaj Quaker Bread. I tj '

to tlx a Civil List for Hla Holiness, and to acknowledge the right of Italian. Cardinals to seats in the senate.

FOR READING .ROOM British Museum Officials Now Are Considering a Set of New Rules. PEOPLE TAKE THE BOOKS (American News Service.) - London. Oct L The authorities of the British museum have under consideration a set of new rules regarding the reading room. It has been found that occasionally frequenters of the . room take home with them books which they have persued up to the closing hour, returning them on the following morning. This is contrary to the regulations, which forbid the removal of books from the reading room. Now and then, but very infrequently, according to one of the officials, the borrowers omit to take back the volumes. Therefore, one of the new proposals is that all handbags, "despatch cases" and similar articles into which books might be slipped'shall be left with the attendants outside the doors of the roqm. So far as regards handbags this pre caution has been enforced for some time, but the most professional-look ing despatch boxes and cases are al lowed to be taken in by readers. Sometimes, but again very rarely, as the official pointed out a not too mz

scrupulous will seise the opportunity! to put some small book in hla pocket! Tti raariinr mom attendants keen!

a sharp but unobtrusive, watch upon the students and literary workers. If at the closing hour cr subsequently a book should be missing Immediate steps are taken to trace It. : A dishonest reader, however, may write upon the borrowing slip a spurious name and address and thus evade detection. An average of 730 readers use the room dally and In the course of a year they are supplied with close upon 1,500,000 volumes. Early Landholding. Nothing is clearer than the fact that the system of landholding in the most ancient races was communal. Private right in land was for a long time unknown, the source of life being held la common between the members of the tribe. Not only land, but all property that in any way had to do with, the general welfare, was looked upon as belonging to the whole tribe in common, no individual bavins the right to call it hla own. Gradually and after a very long time, under the old regime. the right of private ownership Degan to creep in until at last it became the recognised rule pretty nearly everywhereNew York . Amerie-

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