Rensselaer Union, Volume 11, Number 11, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 28 November 1878 — Page 2

The Rensselaer Union. W" —.— RENSSELAER, . • INDIANA.

General News Summary.

Navy glv** the number of desertion* during tin hurt yew at M, against 818 Urn previous p*t. The number of boy* collated during (Ol pMt )W «M 698. Am appropriation of P a»d docks, oto., and of #984,886 for the B»n*T flcnu baa written a letter to the Secretary of War, In whlcli he denies the ftitl —made by Oon. Sheridan (In hi* annoal report) and other army officers, reflect lag Upon the management of the Indian Bures*. He chsUongen Oon. Sheridan toprodpes evidence I* support of his Imputations. Tm Postmaster-General, In his annual report, recommends the entire abolition of the franking privilege and the use of checkstamps by all branches of the Government. Tm annual report of the Revenue Marine Bo ism of the Treasury Department shows OKt, Of vwstiMwimhml or in distress, with an aggregate of 996 person* on board, 199 hav* been assisted by revenue-cutters. The setlieelrl value of property gaved is #1,700,-! COO, and Id persons were rescued from death by drowning. The expenses of the revenue marine asrrice for the year ending June 80, Inst, ware #844,001. The number of vessels tn the eerytee Is thirty-seven. Ix his annual report, the Secretary of the Harry place* the estimates for the support of the Navy for the next fiscal year at about the same amount as that appropriated during the last session of Congress for the year ending June next—about $14,000,000. The report ot the Secretary will show that the appropriations have aot only been confined within their proper limits, but that there la a small balance to the credit of the Naval Academy and Marine Corps. Unless Congress shall order the building of new vessels, the Secretary, with the meant asked for, can render those we now have more efficient and keep them in good repair. | tU SAIT. Ur to the night of the 17th, the reports con corning the finding of the late A. T. Stewart’s body were numerous and contradictory. At that time a special dispatch stated that the body was in Judge Hilton’s possession and the thieves under arrest. The Associated Press report was hi substance that the authorities had obtained no clue to Its whereabouts. Michael Rossitck, a New York husband, threw a lighted lamp at his wife, on the evening of the 17th. The lamp broke, the oil exploded and the poor woman was burned to death. Retches imostly official), published in the New Yah Tribune of the 17th, give the vote in that State at the recent election as follows: Republican, 389,676; Democratic, 853,060; Greenback, 71,090; Prohibition, 8,533. Total vole this year, #7,873 larger than that of last ywar. A looomottte boilkr exploded at the Philadelphia A Reeding Depot in Mahoney City, P*., on the afternoon of the 16th, instantly killing an engineer, a conductor and a boy and fatally injuring another boy. Eight ot ten other persona were badly injured. Miss Mat Marshall, a female pedestrian, recently walked, at Buffalo, N. Y., 360 miles in sixty hours. Her fastest mile was made in eight minutes. She was walking against time, and had twelve minutes to spare. Dumas Kuarnut, the San Francisco isbor orator, left Boston for California, on the evening of the 20th. He was accompanied by his wife and children.

Walton Dwight died at Binghampton, N. Y., on the 19th, and it was thought by some that he committed suicide. Three months before his death be secured policies on his life, in favor of his wife and son, to the amount of $263,000; and paid about #2,300 in premiums. A dispatch of the 20th saya his death was undoubtedly canoed by gastric fever of malarial JNigtn. i According to a New York special of the 21st, August Belmont, the American representative of the Rothschilds, does not approve of the attitude of the New York ClearingBoose In respect to the silver question. He says it would tend to raise an issne between the West and the East, and cause one section to be arrayed against the other. Gold dosed In New York, on Nov. 21st, at The following were the dosing quotations for produce: No. 2 Chicago Bpring Wheat, «sX@96c; No. 2 Milwaukee, #7R«9Bc. Oats, Western Mixed, 30@ 31c. Corn, Western Mixed, 44 @47c. Pork, Mess, $7.85. Lard, $6.20. Flour, Good to Choice, $4.0004.50; White Wheat Extra, #4.5905.25. Cattle, $6.75010.00 for Good to Extra. Sheep, [email protected]. flogs, •EM08.25. AT East Liberty, Pa., on Nov. 21st, Cattle brought: Best, #4.3004.00; Medium, *3.75@ 4.00; Common, $3.5003.60, Hogs soldYorkers, $2.7003.80; PhilMelphlas, $2,900 3.00. Sheep brought s3.ooo4.4o—according to quality. At * Baltimore, Md., on Nov. 21st, Cat.tle brought; Best, $4.37*>«@4.75; Medium, $3.0003.25. Hog* sold at $3.7304.25 for . Good. Sheep were quoted at #[email protected] for Good. ... .

WKKT AMD ROITH. A dispatch from Wilmington, N. C., on the 17th, say* it seemed settled, beyond doubt, that Martin (Hep.) was elected to Congress, from the First District, in that State, by forty to fifty majority. Ok the 16th, the Supreme Court of Florida granted an alternative mandamus against the Canvassing Board of Alachua County, returnable on the 20th, in response to a petition asking that the Board be compelled to make a canvass of all the returns of the county, three precincts having been thrown out. Bisbee claimed that if the votes of Alachua County were all counted, he would have 200 majority, without the vote of Precinct No. 4 in Madison County, which bad not been returned by the Inspectors. A cuttoso-ukdkr in passenger rates by Eastern-bound roads resulted in such a reduction in fares that tickets were selling in Cincinnati, a few days ago, at the unprecedentedly law rates of one dollar for Philadelphia .and New York; Pittsburgh, *2.75, and at merely nominal rates for some common points in Ohio. A BSCENT official proclamation in South Carolina announce* that Wade Hampton, bein# incapacitated by recent injuries from discharging the duties of Executive, had transferred the office of Governor to Lieut.-Gov. Simpson, who is bow styled Acting-Governor. Ok the night of the 18th, a severe earthquake shock waa felt in the Cities of Memphis, Tank, and B*~ Loots, Mo. In both cities the oscillating movement of the earth wae plainly felt. No damage waa done. Ax Indianapolis dispatch of the 19th states that the was on passenger rates to Eastern potnU had ceased, and the old prices had been Txs Chicago Juter-Oceasi of a recent date notices the following counterfeit bills: A fiUXMMII oo the Pittsfield National Bank of PBMMfi, Mass., changed from Beveie Bank of Boston. A fifty-dollar bill on the Tradesman's Natiotutl Bank of New York—a very daftgarooa, because afiaoet " perfect lmMtstfoe. A five-dollar Mil on the Pocaaeett Nfttfoasl Bank of * Phi} River, Mass., msd hfils of the samt denomination on the Farmers’ National Bank of Virginia, lIL, sod on the

Manufactures*’ National Bank of Amsterdam, N.Y. Thu Georgia Legislature, on the llth, almost unanimously redacted Geu. John & Gordon. United States Senator from that OmciAL returns have been received from all the Congressional Districts in Wisconsin. They foot up aa follows: Republican, 98,578; Democratic, 99,996; Greenback, 18,098. Total, 906,581. The total vote in 1877 was 178.133. Posthastem-Gun. Kut baa discontinued the Poetodke at Spring Garden, Ala., and ordered the mails for that office to be sent to Ladlga, on account of the riotous demonstrations and threats made by a portion of the Inhabitants against a special agent of the Department, who had caused the arrest of the village Poetmaster for some poetal'irregularityThe twelfth annual seas ion of the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry, was begun at Richmond, Va., on the 30th. Twentyfive States were represented. The reports of offloer* show the Order to be In a flourishing condition throughout the country. A TRUBinc gas explosion occurred lu a coal mine at Sullivan, Ind., on the afternoon of the 91st. Thirty five men were at work In the pit, and of these thirteen were killed outright, eight or ten more or less hurt, and several were saved. At midnight the flames were still pouring from the shaft of the mine, and the voieea of those below could be distinctly heard calling for help. Is Chicago, on Nov. Hat, Spring Wheat No. 3 closed at 83%c cash; 84c for December ; ~B4Jfc for January. Cash Coni dosed at 33c for No. 3; 32%c for December; 83c for January. Cash Oats No. 3 sold at 20%c, and 29%c seller December. Rye No. 3,45 c. Barley No. 2, 93u403)ic for cash, 92c for December. Cash Mesa Pork closed at #6.66. Lard, #5.75 Beeves —Extra brought $4.6004.80; Choice, #4.10 (94.50; Good, #3.4004.00; Medium Grades, $3.15(93.50; Butchers’ Stock, $3.30(93.00; Stock Cattle, etc., $2.30(38.00. Hogs-Uood to Choice, [email protected]. Sheep—Poor to Choice, #2.26(93.25. TUI VULLOW nvu. In an order, Issued on the 17tb, the Health Officer of Vicksburg announced that It was then considered safe for absentees to return to that city, provided their houses had been thoroughly ventilated and fumigated? There were two yellow-fever deaths at New Orleans, on the 16th. A child died of the fever at Chattanooga, Tenn., on the night of the 15th, and the mother was sick with the same disease; they were returned refugees, having fled to Alabama at the outbreak of the plague. Thbhe were ten yellow-fever deaths In New Orleans during the forty-eight hours ending at six p. m. on the 18tb. No new cases reported on the 18th. Dt'RiNo the recent prevalence of the epl dernlc at Memphis, the Appeal lost a bookkeeper, eight compositors and ten men from the press-room, while sixteen members of the families of its workmen died. The Avalatu-he lost its business manager, two editors, five compositors, two pressmen, a porter and two carriers, and the Ledger four compositors. Three yellow-feVer deaths occurred in New Orleans, on the 19tli. A meeting of the American Public Health Association was held in Richmond, Va., on the 20th. Dr. Bends read the • regular report of the Yellow-Fever Commission, which says the fever was imported into New Orleans by the steamship Emily Bonder, in May last. The commission visited various Infected points iu the Mississippi Valley, and found, as the result of their investigation, sad neglect and violation of the laws of health In regard to drainage, inattention to deposits ot fetid matter and refuse animal and vegetable matter, and Inattention to purity of drinking water. The commission had reached the conclusions; That no case had been found which could be considered Indigenous to the locality; In most cases the Importation was direct. and convincing in its character; the transmission of the fever between distant points appeared to be wholly due to human Intercourse, sometimes the poison being carried Tn clothing and at other tiqnes in cotton bagging or similar goods; dis infectants are useless agents to arrest the spread of the disease, and. their use thought by many to be Injurious to the sick; quinine in small doses If thought by some physicians to lie of some use as a preventive; strictly-enforced quarantlne,|to the extent that Intercourse was absolutely prevented, has been entirely successful In guarding otherwise exposed localities and protecting their inhabitants from the scourge.

VOKKIUK IHTUXIUMCB. Ox the 17th, as King Humbert was enter ing Naples in state, an attempt was made by Giovanni Passauante to assassinate him with a poniard. The King escaped with slight wonnds, but the would-be assassin was immediately seized and hurried to prison. He said he was poor, belonged to no society and hated Kings. According to London telegrams of the 17tb, the Russian Government had demanded, as a condition precedent to the evacuation of Roumania, the right to occupy and fortify certain strategical points in the Dobrudscha and to maintain a. military road through Roumania. The Town of Norwich, Eng., was inundated, on the 18th, by a freshet, the result of a fortnight’s continuous rain. Two of the most densely populated portions of the town were several feet under water, the warehouses and stores on the river bank submerged, and 3,000 dwellings rendered uninhabitable. Several persons were drowned. A Pesth telegram of the 18th announces the overflow of the River Save, in Bosnia, involving the loss of many lives and immens destruction of military stores. (l The Russian Army in the new Asiatic Provinces of Russia has been again placed on a war footing. Recent advices from South America state that an earthquake in New Grenada, tn October last, did considerable damage to property, and several lives are reported lost. The destruction in the southern portion of the Republic of San Salvador was complete, and the loss of life and property was very great. The Volcanoes of Izaleo and Santa Anna were in a state of tremendous activity, and the inhabitants in the neighborhood were terribjy alarmed, and many had fled to places of safety. A Bucharest dispatch of the 10th says the Roumanian Government had refused to grant to Rusala the right to cross her territory during the occupation of Bulgaria, as demanded by that Power. Ok the 19th. the Pope sent a message to King Humbert, congratulating him on his escape from the knife of the assassin. News was received ip Paris,'on thfc 19th, that Manuel Pardo, ex-President of Pern, bad been assassinated. , . , 1 ■ . The London Homing Standard of the 21st states that the Ameer of Afghanistan having contemptuously failed to respond to England’s ultimatum, the Viceroy of India, had been ordered to advance upon the Afghanistan passes. A Peshawar dispatch of the night of the 20th says that the forces were already marching) and that thirty miles of the road to the khurom Pass was covered with troops, elephants, camels and supplies. According to a London telegram of the 30th appalling distress existed among the qiechanics and laborers of, Sheffield, because of the business depression. Hundreds were living in tenements without clothing or furniture, all having been sold or |>awned for fdott had called public meetings to dwite fneasurei of relief. • Tee Viceroy of India issued, a proelamaUi n to the Afghans and Ijelwhees, <m the 21st. explaining that be bad no quarrel with them,

bill tbit the Ameer had greatly Insulted the Empress of India, and he proposed to show that she bad the power to aveoge the Insult On the same day the British forces occupied Fort Kaplyahga, the Afghans precipitately retiring. Upon receipt of Bbe news in London, British console appreciated and the Bank of England reduced Ita rate of diicounta 1 per cent * "V Mu. Welsh, American Minister at Lohdon, on the 21st, in accordance with Instructions from the Secretary of State at Washington, paid to Lord Salisbury, for the British Government, the #6,800,000 awarded that Government by the Halifax Fishery Commission. Mr. Welsh accompanied the tender with a lengthy let#>r, stating that such payment was made upon the ground that the United States desired to place the maintenance of good faith In treaties and the security and 7alue of arbitration between Nations above all question In It* relations with Her Britannic Majesty’s Government, as with all •the{ (governments; but that it was deemed important that Great Britain should tie “distinctly advised that the Government of the United States cannot accept the result of the Halifax Commission as furnishing any just measure of the value of the participation by our citizens In the In-shore fisheries of the British Provinces, and protests against the actual payment, nowwnade, being considered by Her Majesty’s Government as in any sense an acquiescence In such measure, or as warrantlng any Inference to that effect.” On the 21st, Qajnbetts, the leading French Republican, and UeFourton, Imperialist, memtiers of the French Chamber of Deputies, fought a bloodless duel with pistols at thirtyfive paces.

See’y Schurz Replies to Gen. Sheridan.

Washington, Nov. 19. The Secretary of War has received, and referred to Gen. Sherman, a letter from the Secretary of the Interior, sharply replying to certain statements by Gen. Sheridan in the latter's annual report. Sec’y Schurz says: “These statements, as far as they reflect npon the conduct of the Indian Service, are of a sweeping and somewhat vague nature, built must be assumed that Gen. Sheridan would not have made them and permitted them to become public, had he not in his possession specific iuformatlop concerning certain agencies and certain branches of the Indian Service, to which these statements may be Individually applied. Gen. Sheridan, In his official document, gives it as Ills opinion that, with, wise management, the amounts appropriated by Congress ought to be sufficient, if practically applied to the exact purejscs specified, but that reports of epartment Commanders would indicate a different result, except In the case of the Red Cloud and Spotted Tall bands of Si Tux. He would certainly not have expressed such an oplulon without being acquainted in detail with the appropriations made by Congress and the specific purposes lor which they were intended. It is also to be sup|>osed that, before making the sweeping charge above quoted, he was cognizant of specific cases in which those appropriations were not either applied at all, or diverted from the purpose intended by Congress. You will greatly oblige me by requesting Gen. Sheridan to communicate such tacts as may be in bis possession, giving the names of agents, dates and other ' circumstances which warrant the charge, which Includes all the Indian agencies in the Military Division of the Missouri, except those of the Red Cloud and Spotted Tall Sioux. “It has been my constant and earnest endeavor since I entered upon my present duties to correct all abuses in the Indian Service that came to my knowledge, and Gen. Sheridan, by furnishing such specific Information, would thereby render greater service to this Department, as well as to the Indians, than bv mere general statements. As he has put forth a sweeping charge, the specifications may justly be called for. I make this request with particular urgency, In view of the fact that certain military officers seem of late to have fallen into the habit of indulging officially and probably iu general reflection ou the Indian Service, without taking the trouble of substantiating with such statements la detail as would facilitate the discovery and correction of the abuse. Ido not deprecate criticism at all. I rather invite It, but when it is officially put forth, there is, It seems to me, a certain fairness due from one branch of the public service to another. I should for instance, not deem anv officer of this Department justified in blaming, iu general terms, the army for its failure to intercept the runaway Cheyennes on their march of several hundred miles through Kansas and Nebraska, and across the Union Pacific Railway, without being able to point out certain instances of mismanagement or neglect. If such instances had come to the knowledge of this Department, which they have not, I should have considered It due to the army that they be specifically ascertained and stated, before indulging in general arraignment. I think it is not asking too much in the interest of the public service, that such rule be observed by officers of the army likewise.”

Gen. Sheridan’s intimation that the Red Cloud and Spotted Tail Sioux were allowed to select their present locations, owing to a “systematic working up of the case by traders and contractors,” Is also made the subject of emphatic comment by Sec’y Schurz. He states that tbts policy was adopted by the Department on the earnest advice of a distinguished Indian fighter and manager, Gen. Crook, who, as a result of his long experience with tne Sioux, opposed any policy that would force the Sioux, against their unanimous and determined protest, to stay on the Missouri River, as seriously endangering our peaceful relations with these powerful tribes, and, the Secretary adds, that so far, at least, their loyal conduct seems to have justified the course adopted. Sec’y Schurz challenges Gen. Sheridan to produce evidence in support of his imputations, and meanwhile remarks that it would not have been asking too much of him to inform himself a little better of the circumstances before publishing his assertion in an official document. The Secretory also makes the following comment upon the remark of Gen. Gibbon that “there is an entire absence of responsibility in the Indian Service:” “If Gen. Gibbon, when writing his report, was cognizant Of specific cases of wrong-doing, he Would have obliged the Department by reporting them, and if after such report the charges thus made had not been inquired into, and the guilty persons held to their proper responsibility, the sweeping statements contained in his report would have been adopted as Justified. If he will communicate such specific information now, he will find there is no such lack of responsibility as fie qllegear—Strverql employes in the Indian Servjfce, who are now under criminal prosecution, have discovered this at their cost”

Adulterated Sugars.

The Tribune will print to-mor-row a disclosure of the alleged sugar frauds, adulterations injurious to health, resulting in an annual loss of revenue on drawbacks to the amount of $15,000,000. Samples of the product of maiw New York and Brooklyn sugar refineries have been analyzed by chemical experts, and in every instance the investigation has mown conclusively that refined sugars have been adulterated bv the use of tin and muriatic acid, glucose and other substances. The largest proportion of the adulteration has been found to consist of glucose, a cheap product of corn. Sugar refiners may hold the opinion that their sugars are chemically .pure; that the munate of tin used in the manufacture is collected in the last processes, and remains in residuum—the fight will come, probably, on that very point—but the claim of the refiners is overthrown completely by the presence of substances in the sugars which they claim are chemically pure. An analysis of many samples of sugar and sirup have been made, and in .but one instance has the sugar been found to be wholly free from adulteration It is stated that no action *can be taken with respect to the adulterations, except by the various Boards' of Health.—Am York ( Nov. 14) Special to Chicago In-ter-Ocean .WHEHthe people-goback' on a man there is no power else on earth to which he ean appeal.

The South in Congress.

Under the pro virions of the last Congressional Apportionment bill, the Southern States of Alabama, Arkansas Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, M'ssisrip pi, North Caroling. South Carolina Texas and Virginia are entitled to six ty-three Congressmen. Of this num her, at least twenty-five were allotted to the States named because of'the fact, set forth in thecensus, that 3,616,701 free colored people live in thofce States. In other words, were it not for the colored population, the South would be entitled to only thirty-eight instead of sixty-three Members of Congress. These statements will not be disputed. It is also a fact beyond question that the negro voters of the South almost to man are Republicans at heart, and, if allowed to freely exercise their rights, would always vote the Republican ticket. Democratic leaders, for their own purposes, would have the country believe otherwise. Wade Hampton, and others whose word is entitled to even less credit, have repeatedly stated that the colored men of the South were joining the socalled Conservative party by thousands, but each succeeding election only tends to disprove their statements ana to show that the Democratic voter has not been materially increased, unless in cases where such increase was to be accounted for by wholesale fraud.

All the facts, all the evidence, Is against the assumption that the negroes are less sincere in their Republicanism, less loyal to the party which gave them their liberty, than they were etght years ago. Republicanism now as then is, with the freedmen, a religion. If left to themselves, if allowed to exercise the rights of citizenship as freely and as fearlessly as do their white neighbors, ninety-nine out of every 100 of them would vote the Republican ticket. And in addition to these colored citizens who are entitled to representation in Congress, there are, of course, thousands of white men in the South who believe in the principles of the Republican party, ana who vote its ticket. It would be only fair to expect, then, that from the Southern States named at least twenty-five Republican members of the National House of Representatives would be elected. It apppears from the returns of the recent election, however, that from all the South there will not be more than five, and perhaps not more thanfour. Republican Representatives. Jtfflßgst will go into the than twenty Republican and more than half a milliolf Republican voters will thus be deprived of the representation in the councils of the Government to which they are entitled under the laws. So, in pll the Southern States, every white Democrat has virtually cast two votes, and will have twice as much representation in Congress as his fel-low-citizen in New York or California. We need not refer to the means which have been employed to bring about this result. With them the intelligent people of the country should by this time be sufficiently familiar. There are a number of obvious facts in connection with the recent election, however, which are worthy of more than passing notice. James R. Chal-. mors, the Democratic candidate, is declared to have been elected in the Sixth Congressional District of Mississippi by a majority of several thousand. Iffiere are, in the district named, 100,609 black and 30,650'white voters, and about 100 Republicans to every thirty Democrats. Chalmers, the successful candidate, is a typical member of the worst element in the White League. The negroes dislike him with a bitterness born of the knowledge that to his influence are due the many outrages for political effect which have in the past been perpetrated upon them, their relatives and friends in the district. It is not claimed that any of these black citizens voted for Gen. Chalmers; it is admitted that they desired his defeat, wanted to be represented by one of their own people, but in spite of them he is declared to have been elected by several thousand majority. Who will be foolhardy enough, in the face of these facts, to say that there has been no intimidation, no fraud, practiced in the Sixth District of Mississippi P- that-th©--elec-tion there was a fair and honest one, as it should be, under the National law ft Again, in the Charleston District of South Carolina, where the Republicans have frequently demonstrated that they have a majority of 19,000, it is announced that the Democratic candidate for Congress has been elected by a majority of 7,000. Of course, the parti-’ san House will allow him to take his seat, in spite of the fact that the Republican leaders of the district, most of them intelligent, determined and well-informed white men, are prepared to prove on evidence which would be satisfactory to any court in the land that fraudulent Democratic tickets were put into the ballot-boxes by the handful. Still again, it is declared, in the Selma District of Alabama, where the Republicans, according to the last registration, had a majority of nearly 17,000, that the Democratic candidate, Gen. Shelley, has been elected to Congress.

That such results as these are brought about by violence, intimidation and the grossest frauds must be sufficiently obvious to the most casual observer. The Democrats of the South, in consequence of the increased representation to which their section of the country is entitled because of the negro vote, and by the violent and unlawful suppression of that vote, have a majority in Congress—a majority to which the Republican party is clearly entitled. There are Democrats in the cotton States, men of the Gary stripe, who in their public utterances have been candid enough to substantially admit these facts, and having done so, they ask significantly what is the North going to do about it The Republican leaders throughout the country should be ready in the next general election to answer this question. It must now be sufficiently clear to them that, unaided, neglected, as they are, the colored men of the South are unable to support the party to which they still declare their allegiance. Wade JHampton has sugKted in several of his recent speeches, t, •becoming convinced of this, the men of this section of the country would be the first to demand that the negroes be disfranchised and the cotton States deprived of the increased repreJentation which is given theith because r their colored population. Gem Hampton can hardly bq regarded as an authority on the prospective policy of the Republican party, and we give hjß significant suggestion only because it indicates the general anxiety which exists in the Southefh 'Blind as to what course the people" of the North will take when they become fully alive to the fact" that the colored vote, under the the White League, is simply a means to-Democratic suprem-1

acy. That they will .ever seriously consider the propriety of disfranchising any man because of his color Is, of course, absurd. They gave the negro a vote, and thflv desire to protect him in it. Of this the Southern Democrats may be assured. There are indications that the Republicans of the cotton States have gone through the last contest which they will be obliged to go through unassisted. The result of Tuesday’s election can hardly fail to open the eyes of honest, law-abiding Americans to the fact that it is theif duty to aid the colored voters in' the efforts which they make to secure their rights. It is safe to predict that the best speakers and organizers the North can afford will, two years hence, do their full duty in the Southern canvass. —N. Y. Timev.

Begging the Question.

Since the determination of President Hayes to demand the enforcement of the law in the Southern States the ,Democratic press of the country are raising the cry of “ States’ rights.” They might save editorial labor by clipping from the editorials in the Democratic papers published in 1860. They will fit the case perfectly. The Cincinnati Enquirer of yesterday sends forth the following pitiful plea." In alluding to the promises of the President, it ■says: - "Let him not renew or make a war upon Staten. the Commonwealths remain tree and equal beneath the flag. Individual acta of lawlessness do not warrant the punishment of a State.” With all due respect to the editor we desire to say that this is very silly twaddle. This Government deals alone with individual acts, and the individuals constitute the Commonwealth. When the individuals combine to pre- “ those concerned in it cannot entrench themselves behind the forms of State Government so as to give their conduct the semblance of legality and thus devolve the responsibility on the State Government, which of itself is irresponsible. The Constitution and laws • 'of the United States operate upon individuals, but not upon States, and precisely as if there were no States. In this matter the President has no discretion. He has taken a solemn oath to enforce the laws and preserve order.” The foregoing is an extract from the speech of Senator Morton, made in 1860, in answer to this same plea for States’ rights. It is just as applicable and forcible to-day as it was in 1860, and it w{is sufficiently forcible then to open the eyes of the people and dispel the fog which was surrounding the question of “States’ rights.” The sooner Democrats learn that their States’ rights powder has been shot once, the better it will be for all concerned. The principles the Republican party are contending for are the principles of self-government, the right of the majority to rule and the duty of the minority to submit to their rule. This is all there is in the question, and, having maintained this doctrine by four years of war, they do not propose to be cheated out of it by diplomacy or robbed of it by force and intimidation. Tbe President has nothing to do with the States; he deals with individuals, and deals with them no further than he is authorized to deal with them by the Constitution and laws of the United States. If he cannot do this in the States, where can he do it? Is he President only of the District of Columbia? If he has no power to punish crime and enforce law in the States, where may he? If the plea for States’ rights .may protect the people of the State in their denial of the right of suffrage, then an Egyptian mummy would make as good a President as a Washington.— lndianapolis Journal.

The South Carolina Outrage.

The red-shirted Democrats of South Carolina have at last succeeded in making that State “ solid.” They have elected, or rather counted in, every Member of Congress. They have carried every county in the State. In 1876 they had majorities in only eighteen of the thirty-two counties. The remaining fourteen counties gave 31,288 Republican majority, which is now entiraly wiped out. The Legislature now stands 150 Democrats in both houses to 8 Republicans. The Charleston News and Courier says: “These figures, better than words, measure and explain the political revolution in South Carolina. 1 ’ A few words, however, will explain how these figures were obtained, and how •the revolution was accomplished. What intimidation, and threat, and display of military force failed to secure, was accomplished by that last resort of desperate men—ballot-box - stuffing, anditwa3 practiced with a degree of boldness that would have made Tammany ashamed even in its palmiest days of fraud. Every poll was in the hands of Democrats. No Republican Judges or Inspectors were allowed. The Supervisors appointed under the laws of the United States were either driven off or were obliged to stand and witness the infamous frauds without the power to prevent them, or even the opportunity to protest against them. Bv the use of the small tissue-paper ticket inclosed in the large register ticket, a voter was enabled to cast at least twenty votes. By this liberal style of individual voting, it happened that in some precincts there wete four times as many Democratic votes cast as there were voters of all parties in the precinct. In other precincts, the Judges deliberately picked out the Republican votes, threw them away, and substituted unvoted p&c&ages of tickets. The stuffing was even carried 1 beyond all limits of necessity, so that the Democratic majority all over the State is larger than the number of Detnocratio voters.

Under such circumstances as these it bebomes the duty of the three Republican candidates for Congress—Mackey, Rainey and SmaUs-rto give notice of a contest, so that there may be an investigation of these infamous outrages. The whole delegation should be thrown out and a new election ordered. They have never been elected at all. They will bring with them to Washington certificates honey-combed w|th fraud. If the Democratic House persists in seating them, let them do it, but the Republicans must see to it that the odium rests where it belongs. The stamp of fraud must be placed upon the Democratic party so that it cannot be effaced, and it must be made to bear the infamous responsibility. If the South Carolina delegation is admitted to seats in Congress, they will hold seats to which they never were elected, and not only they, but the party which shields them in this wrong, must be allowed no opportunity to shirk or escape responsibility therefor., w The Solid South has carried the joke too far this time. It has disfranchised an entire party. It’has seized the bal-

lot-box’by force, and manipulated it to carry oat its own ends. It bus sent a delegation to Congress who do not represent tho people of South Carolina, and who never were elected by them. It has defied the Constitution ami the laws, dented all the rights of the people, taken away the elective franchise and set up an oligarchy in place of the democratic principles upon which our Government is conducted. The dimensions of this outrage extend bevogid the local limits of South Carolina. It is a crime so grave in character and startling in consequences as to demand the cogazance of the people of the whole country. Let them demand 1 , therefore, either that this delegation shall be thrown out or that an investigation shall be made which will fasten tne responsibility upon the Democratic party. It is a crime not to bo condoned or palliated. It has gone too far.— Chicago Tribune.

1 THE FUNNY STORY. t na such a funny story I how I' wish you could have heard it. For it net us all a-laughing, from the little to the big; I’d really like to tell it, but I don’t know how to word it, , Though it travels to the music of a very lively JigIf Stilly just began it, then Amelia Jane would And lAefietable and Susan try their very broadest grin; And the infant Zaehanah on his mother's lap wonld wriggle. And add a lusty chorus to the very merry din. It was such a funny story, with its cheery snap and crackle. And Sally always told it with so mnoh dramatic Alt, That the chickens in the door-yard would begin to " cackle-cackle,” As if in such a frolic they were anxious to take part. ■_. It was all about a—ha! ha!—and a—ho! ho! hoiwell, really. It is—he! he! he!—l never could begin to tell you hstf : t Of the nonsense there was in it, for I just remember clearly It began with—ha! ha! ha! ha! and it ended with a laugh. But Sally—she could tell it, looking at ns so demurely, . With a woe-begone expression that no actress would despise; And if you never heard it, why you would imagine surely. That you d need your pocket-handkerchief to wipe your weeping eyes. When age my hair has silvered, and my step has grown unsteady, And the nearest to my vision arc the scenes of long ago, I shall see the pretty picture, and the tears may come as ready As the laugh did, wnen I used to—ha! ha! ha!and —ho! ho! bo! Pollard, in Scribner for December.

INCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTS.

—A little girl of twelve went to see “Humptv Dumpty” at Oil City, and was so frightened' at one of the tricks that she went into spasms and died. —A gymnastic youth of Leicester, Eng., lately fell from’a trapeze, on which he was practicing, only six feet from the ground, and, striking on his head, broke his neck. —A respectable lady in Lewiston, Me., has become a kleptomaniac, and her friends have published a notice requesting merchants to watch her, and, should she take anything, make no scandal but send the bill to them. George Phillips was found dead in bed a few nights ago, in Cincinnati. The inquest and post mortem developed the fact that his death was caused by large quantities of whisky in the stomach. The post mortem revealed the presence of a half gallon of whisky in tne stomach and floating on top four large ovsters. The oysters formed a valve which prevented the whisky from coming up when he attempted to vomit, hence his death. —There is a man peddling apples in the streets who is a splendid Greek and Latin scholar, speaking both languages finely. The Hellenic linguist is also a superb scholar in the Semitic and Sanscrit languages. He was a Professor of Ancient Languages and Applied Sciences at the University of Virginia; is an old, gray-haired man, who gave no name except that of “Uncle Sammv;” be is an Irishman and a charming conversationalist. He came to Dallas “busted,” and is determined to earn an honest living.— Galveston ( Tex.) News. —A strange case of parental obstinacy and cruelty recently occurred at Boston. A little girl was slowly dying from water on the chest, and tapping

alone could save her life, but this the’ parents refusethtd'allow. The entreaties of the doctors and several Catholic priests and nuns were unavailing, but the threat of an agent of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children to hold them responsible if the child died, at last frightened the unnatural father and mother into submission. The operation was performed and the patient recovered. —One of the most ludicrous and sensational results of the Congressional election in North Carolina, on the sth, took place at Wilson, the other day. On election day John Sims promised his wife to vote for. O’Hara, tne nominee of the Republican party; but he got drunk and voted for his Democratic opponent, Harris. Knowing that if ho returned home he would get flogged, he took to the woods, where he remained until the 12th; when, being almost starved out, he was forced to return! Sims’ wife met him on the street, and, having provided herself with a heavy hickory stick, she administered a severe beating on her lord for failing to vote for the man of her choice. The woman was arrested, not, however, until she had laid about thirty lashes on the back of her husband. —A correspondent, writing from Bellton, in this State, says a most remarkable case of bargain and sale took place near that place, a few days ago. It seems that a white woman, about twenty-one or twenty-two years old, actually bought from an elderly woman her sonl tor the express purpose of making a husband of him. The young man was said to have been about twen-

ty years old; the mother, however, sold him for a muslin a few yards of calico. The trade Was made Sunday, and the man was to be delivered three miles from the purchasei’s house the Tuesday following, and although that Tuesday was a bad day—one of those cold east rains that is common this season of the year, prevailing—the fair purchaser wilted her three miles in the rain to get possession of her investment, and she got him. —Atlanta ((7a.) Independent. —lt affords us much pleasure to to learn from a soore or two of our exchanges that the writer of these paragraphs has failed heir to $30,000 by the death of a Dntoh uncle in Holland. It was entirely unexpected. But the announcement contains a few inaccuracies which it may be as well to correct. 1. A person in this country never inherits a fortune of less than $500,000 by the death of a relative in the old country. That is thb regulation amount. 2. Our Dnteh uncle in Holland T Hrfs pot dead. 4. We never had a Dutch uncle in Holland. With the exception j

of these trifling errors the report that we have inherited 930,000 in tho manner stated is true enough. Tho congratulations of our friends are worth more than the so-called fortune.— Williams, in the Norristown Herald. —A letter from Hadlyme, Conn., to a Hartford paper records the following: Several evenings ago the genial and talented Mr. Rand, violin solo in the Point band, was attacked and cowhided by the tw<f Misses Blake, daughters of Capt. Ezra Blake, and sisters of the renowned Austin. The affair grew out of a misrepresentation on Mr. Rartd’H part, concerning the size of Miss Blake's shoes. Mr. R. with his characteristic politeness, wonld not strike Miss Blake, consequently he received the worst of the affray. Mr. Rand has secured counsel and will mako it livoly for the fair charmers.

PERSONAL AND LITERARY.

—The Marchioness of Lome wears square-toed, flat-heeled boots. —No less than 660 literary works concerning Dante have been published during the last seven years. —“Adirondack” Murray has had three fingers amputated from his right hand, the result of an accident which recently befell him. —Marble busts of the late Senator Crittenden of Kentucky and of Chief Justice Tancv have been placed in tho Corcoran Gallery at Washington. —W. T. Thorno, who was in 1874 expelled from the North Carolina Legislature for denying the existence of a God, was a candidate for Congress at the late election. —Mark Hopkins, Michael Reese, William S. O’Brien and David D. Colton, four of the richest men on the Pacific slope, have died during the present year* leaving in the aggregate $50,000,000 to be distributed into other channels. While on his way to Jackson, Miss., during the yellow-fever scare. Gov. Stone, of that State, was arrested at Meridian, and made to show a clean bill of health before he was permitted to enter a hotel or proceed on his journey. —Perhaps the best preserved clergyman in the United States is the Rev. Thomas Dudley, a Methodist-Episcopal preacher of Kentucky. He is eightyseven years old, and has been sixty years in the ministry, but continues his clerical work as actively as ever. —Santanta, the noted Kiowa Chief, who was sent to the Texas Penitentiary about 1871, found his confinement unendurable, and, after failing to cut himself so that he should bleed to death, recently threw himself from the thirdstory porch of the hospital and accomplished his purpose. —“The Dean of Westminster,” announces the London Athenceum, “ has been extremely well received during his tour in the United States. 'His admirers, however, have not all shown themselves quite f familiar with the Dean’s claims to distinction. It is said that he received an offer of a considerable sum of money if he would give a lecture on his African explorations in a.Westerft city!” Tbe Athenceum is very witty, but does it know positively that the Dean did not make explorations among the Africans of one of our Western cities? — N. Y. Evening Post.

AMERICAN DISPLAY AT THE PARIS EXPOSITION.

Wonders of tbe neehanlwl Depart* ment. [From the London Times, Aug. 23.] * * * Perhaps, however, the most Important display In this department, all things considered, is that of the Waltham Watch Company, their first in the European exhibitions. Tne readers of the Times' reports of the Philadelphia Exhibition will not need to be inlormed of- the admirable machinery by which the works of the Waltham watches are produced, or thslr singular exactitude, which enables any part of a watch to be replaced by the corresponding piece of any other watch of the same gride. Iu this mechanical production of machines, America has long led the world, and the mechanism by which the English army rifle Is still produced Is with Immaterial modifications a contribution from the American armories. But in the Waltham works science has been brought to the aid of native Ingenuity to such a degree that eveu since the Philadelphia Exhibition the fabrication of watches has gone 'through a large arc of another revolution. JVhat was beguu by applying such machines that their wo,k was beyond competition on anything like equal terms from any hand work is confirmed by the construction of the most essential parts of a watch on a new principle, which permits an approtch to perfection unattainable by the old mechanism, however produced. Every one knows that the great aHHcutiy lit making chronometers has been the compensation for the effects of expansion and contraction due to change of temperature; but what is less well known is that this difficulty is due less to the balauce, which, by Its construction with a bi-seginental rim (of brass uud steel), may be peifectly corrected, than to the expansion of the balance or hairspring, which, being immensely longer, causes live times the error caused by the expansion or contraction balance-wheel alone. The two pieces must be considered as one, and the compensation effected in the wheel or llm must answer for the spring as well as for itself. The theoretical and insuperable difficulty In this compensation has always been that the error caused by the expansion and contraction of the spring was in a different ratio from that of the correcting expansion or contraction wheel, and the two quantities may be compared to curves with two radii, which could be brought together at two points, but not to coincide throughout, (o that if the compensation at the extremes of temperature is correct, the mean must be in error and vi<r the old compensation was, speaking broa4 ly, in brazing a band of brass on one of steel, a process both theoretically and mechanically eironeous, since the contraction and expansion cau only go on with a certain tendency to disrupture of the elements and consequent inequality of the action. The new balance proceeds on an entirely different arrangement of ihe compensating metals. The rim, of plain steel. Is cut nearly through at the fixed extremities of the semi-circles by several saw-tooth shaped notches, the number determined by experiment, and the brass Is forced iuto these notches. Tbe compensating weights are then put on at the other extremities of the semi-circles instead of being distributed along them empirically, and it Is found possible In this arrangement so to distribute the compensation and compensating weights as to give at will a compensation for

the. mean temperature, either In excess of, or l<ss than the extremes, and of course, to give a compensation which shall coincide throughout, which makes it theoretically possible to give absolute compensation for all temperatures at once. It la difficult to make this clear, without diagrams showing the exact curves attained by experiment; but the nature of the result will be appreciated by those who know the mechanism of the balance. It is simply the theoretical elimination of all error from the compensated balance so far as temperature is concerned. Practically and mechanically there will always be some, due to the inherent lmoerfectlon of human workmanship; but it Is believed that the mean error, and equally the manual adjustment required will be reduced to one-third otfhat actually obtaining under the old form of balance. But to Illustrate how involved are the various improvements in mechanism it may be noted that the delicacy of construction of the new balance would only have been possible with the mechanism Introduced by theWaHbam Company, the precision of which may be judged from that of the micrometer last produced and shown at Paris, which measures the twenty-five-thousandth part of an inch, and even Indicates that so largely that It might be divided under a lens readily Into hundred thousandths. A micrometer screw gauge detects inequalities In > the thread of a screw up to hundred thousandths, and a screw made for the Government Scientific fJommißatoß ■to correct-the measures‘has been constructed in which the maximum of error In the thread la leas than one ten-thousandth part of «u> Inch.