Rensselaer Union, Volume 9, Number 42, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 5 July 1877 — Page 7

Egyptian Slavery.

Slaves in Egypt may be broadly divided into white and black, although the shades of color between these two extremes are very numerous. To the one class belong the fair-skinned Circassian and the dusky, but often beautiful, Abys sinian; and to the other, the darker, but still straight-haired, Galla, and the negro from Nubia, Kordofan or Darfour. The extinction of the Mamlouks, and the indiscriminate admission of Arabs and Copts alike to the public service, have practically put an end to the importation of white male slaves, who are now rarely or never met with as adults. -Some few boys are occasionally purchased as playfellows for the sons of the wealthier Beys or Pashas, but, in almost every instance, as soon as they reach full age they are liberated, married off—frequently to their masters’ daughters—and in some way established in life. In fact, the relations of this very limited class to their owners just falls short of adoption, which was formerly vdry common, but is less so now. The relatively great mortality among the children of white mothers who have themselves not been born in the country, contribute} to maintain the demand for Circassian girls, the vast majority of whom, however, find not merely purchasers, but husbands, among thesons of the wealthier classes. But the importation of these Circassian luxuries has greatly fallen off since the cessation of the regular traffic between Constantinople and the coast of Arabii. reduced the supply, and correspondingly raised the price of the smuggled article. Most of the few who now reach Egypt singly or in couples, where thirty years ago they came in scores, belong to the Circassian Colonies in Rourae lia or Asia Minor, and the difficulties of even their import under the eyes of jealour foreign Consuls are such that the trade has virtually ceased. At any rate, it is only in the very wealthiest harems that these exotic beauties are now to be found. They are mostly bought at from ten to twelve years of age, and after being well nurtured for three or four years, and taught the usual Eastern accomplishments, are, as a rule, either married by the master of the house or given as wives to his sons. In strict law marriage does not confer freedom, but the girl is nearly always first liberated, and the offspring are, in any c%se, bora free. One especial reason why these white girls are thus almost always married is that they wear much longer than either native Egyptian ladies or Abyssinians, retaining their fine physique to thirty-five or even forty yews of age, while the latter are generally withered and posses before twenty-five. Tins is an important consideration, in view of the now prevailing fashion among the upper classes of having only one wife, but the much higher cost of these white beauties places them beyond the reach of ail but the wealthiest, and except for these the harem market is now chiefly supplied with Abyssinians, who, at a fifth, or even eighth or tenth of the price, are in all but color and wear physically equal to the best of their white rivals, borne of these copper-skinned houris are indeed very modelsof Southern beauty. Many of the wives of the middle and nearly all the concubines of the upjier classes are taken from this source of supply, as free Arab girls never enter harems in this latter capacity. There are also many Abyssinian male slaves, whose employment and treatment are similar to those of their white fellows, and, who, once liberated, may, like the latter, rise to any attainable rank in the public service. The other class of wholly black slaves is much more numerous, and is generally employed in lower kinds of domestic work than those just noticed. They comprise specimens of every black race known to Northern and Central Africa, from the mixed Arabs and Abyssinians of Nubia, Berber and Sennaar, to the pure negro of Darfour, and the yet other cross—neither negro nor Abyssinian—which forms the Galla tribes. These it is whose kidnapping and other means of obtainment in the remote interior form the chief ground of complaint against slavery in Egypt. But once in the country and absorbea into its service, their condition, it ihay be affirmed, becomes not merely an immense improvement on their past, but in all respects one of the lighest forms of servitude to which the name of slavery can be given. From every materiabpoint of view they are infinitely better off than the free-boru fellahs, on whom, indeed, they look down with proud contempt as an inferior class—since, as before remarked, both law and religion combine to protect them, |as neither protects the peasant. A bad master can, of course, ill-treat his slave as well as his free servant to the borders of cruelty witlioutcoming within the clutches of the Cadi; but such cases are rare, as, the social sentiment on the subject is essentially humane and quite as operative as public opinion among ourselves. — Tinsley'* Magazine.

The Air-Bath.

One needs but to understand that ccnstant contact of the whole surface of the body with atmospheric air is essential to health, and that even a prolonged exclusion of air from the entire exterior of our bodies would be fatal, in order to have confidence in an occasional cold or cool air-bath unobstructed by our clothing. Wherever was man’s original or natural habitat, he has become a cosmopolite; but lacking the hirsute protection of the lower animals, he need? artificial protection from cold it he goes much north of the tropics. That protection, however, must be-of a material pervious to air, although it be ot necessity a hindrance to its free circulation. Our dwellings can hardly be made air-tight, but we Know, through the testimony of our sensations, that an occasional foil ventilation of our bodies has a kindred effect. We all understand the necessity of air to be inspired and expired by the lungs in order to vitalize the blood and maintain the heat, but the physiologists tell us that the skin breathes, too, and though in a less degree and without muscular effort, it is for the same purpose and has, in a measure, the same effect. We learn that when uncomfortably cold, vigorous exercise relieves us: now how is that brought about except by increasing the amount of air inhaled, and thereby increasing the internal combustion t And we shall find, when sitting of a winter’s evening In a room just comfortablv warm, that if we denude ourselves and sit as far from the fire as possible, the chiilnoss that first string fill* soon replaced by' a vigorous glow of warmth and comfort, the com* plete ventilation of the skin adding to its powsr to generate heat. Dr. Franklin evidently appreciated this air-bath, as appears in his essay entitled “ How to avoid unDleasant dreams.” The ftiror for cold water bathing that raged some twenty-five years ago has abated, and the thing stands now more on its merits. I have no doubt this practice has been beneficial in many cases and injurious in others. This and the air-bath may easily be carried to ex-

cess. I have seen a child almost converted into an idiot through its dread of the cold douche to which it had been daily subjected. mbit has much to do in the relish or disrelish of our customary ablutions of the hands and face. The child dreads them, the man finds them a pleasure and & necessity. Cleanliness is a virtue and a health-promoting practice, but I see no more reason in the daily water bath, for the purpose of keeping the pores of the skin open, as many claim,‘than there would be in Inserting a gag to keep the mouth open. The fluid Into which man is bom, and in which he is destined to live, is the atmosphere. He was not made amphibious, else be would have been provided With flippers like a seal; neither has he been created aquatic, or he would have webbed feet or hands. I have no doubt, however, that it was foreordained that he should occasionally fall into the water and be caught out in a shower, but he does not swim by instinct, as do nearly all quadrupeds and birds, when placed in the water either by accident or design. Man in sach cases, if beyond his depth, must drown if he has not learned to swim. The air bath is Nature’s bath, and whoever tries it will most likely find it one of the best remedies for ennui and sleeplessness, either in cold or w»rm weather, by day or by night. I would not detract one iota from the merits of water as a cleanser in all cases, as a cooler in fevers, a warmer in chills, a universal beverage and a most valuable medicine—but its administration in the latter case is not as well understood by the laity as that of calomel or ipecac. I have always thought that the benefits claimed from the ordinary water bath, if they were real, were due to the air bath, that generally precedes and follows the water bath.— Cor. Rural New Yorker.

A Plea for City Boys.

The boy is an offense in himself. He must have something to do, and as his hands are idle the proverbial provider of occupation for idle hands is always ready with instructions for him. A boy makes noise in utter defiance of the laws of acoustics. Bhoe him in velvet and carpet your house as you tyill, your boy shall make such a hubbub with his heels as no watchman’s rattle ever gave forth. Doors in his hands always shut with a violence which jars the whole house, and he is certain to acquire each day the art of screaming or whistling in some wholly new and excrutiating wajr. Loving his mother so violently that his caresses derange her attire and seriously endanger her bones, ready to die in her defense if need be, he nevertheless torments her from morning to night, and allows her no possible peace until slumber closes his throat and eyelids, and Deprives his hands and feet of their demoniac canning. In publicyour boy isequally a nuisance. Collectively or individually he offends the public in the streets. Whatever he does is sure to be wrong. He monopolizes space and takes to himself all the air theie is for acoustical purposes. Your personal peculiarities interest him, and with all the frankness of his soul he comments upon your appearance, addressing his remarks to his fellow on the next block. Nevertheless, the boy has his uses. He is the material out of which men are to be made for the next generation. He is not a bad fellow—that is to say, he is not intentionally or consciously bad. There are springs in his limbs which keep him in perpetual motion, and the devil of uproar of which he is possessed utters the ear-piercing sounds which annoy his elders, but the utterance of whicn he can no more restrain than he can keep his boots or trousers from wearing out. In a ten-acre lot, well away from the house, the boy is a picturesque and agreeable person; it is only when one must come into closer cortact with him that his presence causes suffering and suggests a statue to King Herod. It is in cities that the boy makes himself felt most disagreeably, and we fancy that the fault is not altogether his. As the steam which bursts boilers would be a perfectly harmless vapor but for the sharp restraint that is put upon it, so the effervescent boy becomes dangerous only when he is confined, when an effort is made to compress him into smaller space than the law of his expansive being absolutely requires. We send him upon the war-path by encroaching upon his hunting grounds; we drive him into hostility by treating him as a public enemy. In most of our dealings with him, in cities, our effort is to suppress him, anu it is an unwise system. If his ball-playing in the streets becomes an annoyance, we simply forbid ball-playing in the streets, and it is an inevitable consequence that, deprived of his ball, he will throw stones at streetlamps or at policemen. What else is he to do? In Brooklyn, for example, whose streets are long ana wide, there wits thought to be room enough for boys, and the inspiriting rumble of the velocipede was heard there until somebody objected, when straightway the policemen were directed to arrest all machines of that character, whether with two, three or four wheels,, found upon sidewalks. Now this order; we hold, was not only cruel, but it tfiiß unwise as well. Without a doubt the velocipedes were a source of serious annoyance in crowded thoroughfares, but they are not so in streets in which jedestrians aro few, as they are in fully one-half of Brooklyn thoroughfares. Velocipederiding might have been forbidden in the main thoroughfares, and permitted in iessfrequented ones, and the boy would have been content; to forbid it where it offends nobody—merely for the sake ot preventing it where, it does offend—is illogical and unjust, and, worse still, it is unwise. The boy cannot be banished or confined, and, lacking his velocipede, he will resort to something more annoying still. What it will be we do not pretend to guess, but for its capacity to annoy we may safely trust to the boy’s ingenuity. Speaking in all seriousness, it is not well to suppress the sports of boys from which they derive strength and health and manly vigor of body. We may and must regulate these things; but mere suppression is a crude and tyrannical method of dealing with them. In Boston, a city of notions, whose notions are sometimes surprisingly wise and good, care is taken to give the boys room. A sport which becomes annoying is not suppressed, but is given ample room in places where it will annoy least; and when, for example, certain streets are publicly set apart for coasting, as they are in Boston every winter, the police have no difficulty in preventing coasting elsewhere. The boy who may ride his sled or his velocipede to his heart’s content in one street will npt care to intrude upon another. We heed to adopt a like system in our larger cities. The boys most have room in which to exercise and grow. If we do not give it to them in one place they will take it in another, to our sore inconvenience. —N- Y. Keening Feet. —We ask advice, but we mean approImtion.— Colton. 7

USEFUL AND SUGGESTIVE.

AH excellent recipe for custard-cake is MS follows: Six eggs, two cups sugar, buttor the size of an egg, two and ono-half cups of flour, one-half cud of milk, two teaspoons ol baking-powder. Bake in jelly-tins and put ordtoarv custard between each cake. Clovek should be cut when In the fullest blossom. As it cannot be cured in one day, rake up before is thoroughly dry, and let it cure for thirty hours in cock, then spread to the .mi, and haul in Just as quick as it will do. Don’t Imagine you can save half-cured clover with salt. It cannot be done.— lowa State Register. . • , , : Mint Sauce.—Take a large bunch of young, green mint—if old, the taste will be unpleasant; wash very clean; pick all the leaves from the stalk and mince very fine; cover with cold vinegar and powdered sugar, sufficient to make quite sweet, and a tiny pinch of salt. Some persons prefer dark brown sugar and brown vinegar. California has a law to encourage planting trees along the highways, which authorizes the owners of land to plant and cultivate shade and fruit trees, specifying what kinds are so be planted, the age and distance apart, and provides rules for protection. Four years after the trees are planted, if the owner makes a duly certified statement to the Board of Supervisors of the county of the number of trees that are in good thriving -condition, said Board shall pay one dollar for each sueh tree. Rhubarb Pudding.—Cut the red rhubarb In inch pieces, and place in an earthen baking-dish whose sides you have lined with paste, and one wineglassful of water, sufficient sugar, one lemon minced very fine, also one small orange, having first taken off the skins; cover with paste, carefully wetting the edges of the side and top paste and pinching together; bake in the oven, or place the dish in a pan of boiling water, and a plate over the top large enough to cover it, and place on the fire where it will keep on a boil; this last takes much longer, but is very nice. Cauliflower (Sauce Blanche). —Cut the stalk close, and trim the green leaves from a nice white cauliflower ; tie it in a piece of tarlatan or thin muslin, put it into equal parts of water and sweet milk, salt, and cook until tender. Remove the muslin and place the cauliflower in a hat dish, pour the sauce over it and serve immediately, as it will grow dark if allowed to stand. It can be boiled in water alone, and need not be tied up, but will not be so white and perfect as if these precautions are taken. For the sance, rub a scant tablespoonful of flour into the same quantity of butter; heat a teacupful of milk to the boiling point, and poor it it upon the butter and flour; let all boil up once (stirring constantly); salt to taste. Preserved Persimmons.—A correspondent of the Farmers' Home Journal gives the following recipe: “Take a jar of any size to suit your purpose, and put a layer of sugar first and then a laver of persimmons, after being cleaned and having the stems removed; then, alternately, a layer of sugar and of persimmons—ripe, of course, but not cooked. Cover with paper or cloth, and seal with wax. In the dish referred to the sugar was converted into sirup of the most delicious flavor. The persimmon was tasted cautiously, expecting a powerful astringent effect, not unlike that produced by the fruit when taken immediately from tee tree; but, to our great surprise, the astringeneywas displaced by a most inviting and peculiar aromatic taste, that can scarcely be excelled by any similar preparation.”

Constant Crops.

Thebe is an enormous amount of stealing done among farmers, considering the reputation they have for hone 3ty. There was the farmer we saw cutting" hay, yesterday, on a piece of land irom which he has taken fifteen successive crops of hay. To be sure there was not much to take, but the process which has led to this light crop was one of theft and robbery. It may be the man who practices this upon his farm is the first to feel the loss, for land once deteriorated by constant cropping, with nothing returned to it, is not easily recuperated under the best of tillage. There are a half-a-dozen wheat-fields in sight of the writer’s table that will yield but half what they should, because they have been “ wheated” nearly to death. The stimulus of a greater foreign demand will probably induce the owners to sow them again, as long as the soil is easily prepared, and there seems to be a good chance to get something out of the land that has brought so poor a return for a few years. When will farmers learn that their profits do not hang on foreign wars, by big droughts or excessive rains in other parts of the country, in truth, upon the misfortunes of anybody ? but rather upon the success they can maintain in the production of all the land can be made to ftfoduce continuously. The cropping of our grass and grain lands for years together, with the practice of no rotation, or without returning adequate remuneration to the soil, is a thieving process that will be the ruination of our agricultural prosperity unless changed for a better system. If Northwestern wheat is to stand at the lieadt.in quality, there is no reason why it may not occupy the same rank in quantity per acre. But if this present system of wheat after wheat is continued much longer, our reputation for quality will avail us nothing, for we shall have none to sell. The soil, no matter how rich in the elements of plant growth, will not bear a constant drain upon its food elements without manifest deterioration. There must be some return made for what is removed, to maintain the fertility. We are told that certain commercial fertilizers can be used to restore fertility lost by over-cropping with wheat, but the safest method is to return, year by year, an equivalent for what is taken off. This can be done by the greatest certainly by keeping a good balance of stock to stand against the Wheat sold, and raise enough to feed the stock well, returning the ma nure to the soil. ~ . Clover is a grand crop to employ in restoring to land what is requisite. But there is some misapprehension about clover. From many places complaint comes that it is very difficult to stock with clover ; but among good fanners, if the land has not been”weakened by robbery, there is little difficulty. The great reason why clover will not catch does not lie in climate, bnt in the fact that the elements of quick growth hs ve been removed mid the clover is not pushed to establish Itself at the outset. *. Another mistake about cltfver Is that it can be mowed one year for hay, taking off a second crop for seed: mowed the second year, and then the sod turned over and a great deal of good returned to the soil thereby. Here is anothejr steal. The clover plant is a biennial to begin with

and has exhausted itself the second year and is ready to die; beside a crop of clover seed exhausts the plants of pretty much all the good there is in them. The men who succeed best with clover cut one crop of hay early, getting as strong a growth as possible thereafter, then turn it under before the seed forms. By this system the greatest growth of root and top is obtained to return to the soil. The prosperity of farmers lies in the amount of grain they can produce per acre. The maximum is not easily slated, but of one thing we can rest assured, there is nb prospect of reaching it under any method of culture by which the soil does not get value received for what it gives.— Detroit Free Pms.

The Galleys.

It was by a revival of classical strategy that England was, in the seventeenth century, put into extremest peril. Louis the Magnificent’s galley? in Torbay were a more real danger than the fleet with which De lluyter had burned our ships in the Medway. For, however meat the alarm caused in Lyndon by the sullen roar of the Dutch guns, the Hollanders had not a single regiment to disembark, whereas the French King had sent to the Devon coast a formidable force of whitecoated grenadiers, to co-operate with the expected Jacobite rising. The galleys were an especially French, as they had been an especially Roman, institution. The force had been patronized by several Kings, nor was it until the reign of Louis XIII. that the General of the Galleys was made subordinate to the High, Admiral of France. For harassing an enemy’s coast, and for the transport of troops, this fair-weather flotilla was unsurpassed. But a galley of Louis XlY.’s time, rowed by wretches chained to the oar, the vilest felons mingled with runaway Protestants, whose sole crime was their attempt to escape to Holland or England, was the nearest approach to a floating pandemonium ever devised. To every ten convicts was allotted a Turkish or Moorish prisoner of war, whose knotted cord fell on the bare shoulders of all who flinched, while boatswain and officers patrolled the nar-row-space between the row-benches, and plied rattan and lash unsparingly. It was by sheer fear of physical suffering that the Chained rowers were urged to keep the great oars rising and falling with such mechanical regularity. The galley-slaves were not expected to fight; there were soldiers on board to do that. But they were expected to row, and no plea of illness or exhaustion was admitted. Bo far from the sick or weary being sent to an infirmary, they were deliberately beaten to death. Fainting, bleeding, the miserable wretches were to the last regarded as so much mechanism, to be stimulated by cuts of the whip, and when they died their bodies were unchained from bench and oar, and tossed into the sea. —All the Year Roun d.

“Knowledge Is Power.”

Every vear an oration is delivered before the Hunterian Society of London, in eulogy of John Hunter, the celebrated physician, from whom the society takes its name. The address of Dr. W. Moxon for the present year is remarkably vigorous. The following is an extract: “ The great fallacy of the age is the vulgar fallacy that knowledge is power. But not all knowledge is power. Only the knowledge you have faith and aim to use is power; and the instinct of each mind Is. I believe, a far better judge of how much knowledge it has faith and aim to use than we commonly suppose. Knowl ledge is not power. "Any fourth year’s student knows much that Hunter did not, and could not, know. But where is the power of Hunter ? Power arises by training in the use of knowledge. Consider the difference between training and teaching. The teacher carries over the things he knows, and fixes them in the learner’s memory; the trainer takes what is in the memory, and converts it into an organ for the pupil’s own use. The store of memory of things taught is totally distinct and separate from the trained mech anism for use of knowledge. And these two different things— the store and mechanism—are in separate places in the brain. It is only of late years we can b§ sure of this. We have it proved obviously in the case of language in what is called aphasia. In aphasia, a person paralyzed on the right side of his body has lost the power of using language, and yet understands all you say. Obviously, then, the understanding of speech is in one place, aud the power framing language is in another place, in the brain. The same is true throughout all human acquirements. The power of knowing is the fruit of knowing, and the pover of actiug is the fruit of acting. There is knowledge stored in one place, and the power of using it stored in another place. Teaching is the storing of knowledge; it may be done quickly. Training is the creation of an organ for the use of knowledge ; it needs much time; it Is a slow process. The trainer has to convert the pupil's knowledge into motive, his desire into patience, his will into skill. Every good trainer aims to raise up in the pupil’s mind a self-training faculty, which shall itself continue to tram more and more knowledge into motive. By such training knowledge becomes power. But knowledge, as given by the mere teacher into the memory, is not power; it is so much weight, which by training may become the instrument* of power. Now, the self-training spirit is natural to some men—to all great men. On the other hand, the self training spirit is almost absentJnjoine men. These are the fools, and they trouble''eveiy bne as to what Is to be done with them. Bnt the vast majority of men have some self-training faculty ; and the proper aim of education is to support this, which I may call the vital spark of character, by help from the training faculties of others.” A very singular feature in the marine landscapes between Terra del Fuego and the contiguous mainland is the floating gardens of seaweed. The plant frequently grows to a length of between 800 and 400 feet. It gives cover and pasturage to every species of Crustacea, great and small, while the intertangled mass, swaying like a ponderous curtain in the water, effectually breaks the shock of the most tremendous rollers.

Petty Fronds and Swindles.

Beware of Baking Powders which are put up short weights. A manufacturer Who swindles, knowingly,ln weight will not hesitate to sell adulterated baking powder. Doolbt’s Yeast Powder has a world-wide reputation for perfect purity and always being full weight. It bears every test for superior excellence.

Rheumatism Quickly Cured.

Durano's Rheumatic Remedy, the great Internal Medicine, will positively cure any ease of Rheumatism on the face ot the earth, no matter of how long standing. Price $1 a bottle: abt bottles, |5. Sold by all druggist*. Bend for circular to Üblphbhstinb & Bentley, Druggist*, Washington, D. C.

Motner*. mother*, lffothere. Don't fall to procure Una. Winslow’s Soothjeho SybUF for all disease* of teething in children. It relieve* the child from pain, com wind oolio, regulates the bowels, and, by giving relief •and health to the child, rive* reet to the mother. KiNosroßD’s Oswnoo Corn Stanch for puddings, jellies, custards, etc., is considered a great delicacy. It Is highly recommended by physicians, for invalids and In. fonts, as a nutritious food, very palatable and easy of digestion. Hofmann’s Hop Pi i.lb for Fever and Ague. They cure at oneo and arc a preventive. NATURE'S REMEDY.^* fAVlllllll aw mxcxt.E.mwv mm mb or. 1 SrsiNsnßLD, 0., Feb. 3s. 1817. This Is to certify that I have used vAgETINIe man. ufactured by H. ft. Stevens, Boston, Mai*., for Kbenmutism and General Prostration of the Nervous System, with good success. I recommend VEGKTINE as an excellent medicine for such complaints. Tours very truly. C. W. VANDEGRIFT. Mr. Vsndeßrlft, of the Arm of Vnudegrlft * Hoffman, la a well-known business man In this place, haring one of the largest stores in Springfield. Ohio. VIOKTIHK HI BOLD by AM-PWUOOl«T8. ... QTMMfINQ’ blMUfio I^ ■■■■Mann louHly sought after. If the Liver Is Regulated in its action health la almoat Invariably secured. Indigestion or want es action In the Liver, cause* Headache, Constipation, Jaundice, Pain In the Shoulder*. Cough. Dlziluess, Sour Stemach. bad taste In the mouth, biliou* attache, palpitation of the heart, depression of spirits or the blues, and » hundred other symptoms. Simmons* Lives Rcoclatom is the best remedy that has ever been discovered for these ailments. It acts mildly, effectually. and, being a simple vegetable compound, can do no Injury In any quantities that It may oe taken. It la harmless la every wav; It haa been used for forty years, and hundreds from all certs of the country will ■ vouch for Us vtrI LIVER ISftEg hreHliailMPPnl Bishop Fierce of Georgia; John mil Shorter, of Alabama; Gen. John B. Gordon, R. I* Mott, of Columbus, Ga., are among the hundreds to whom we can refer. Extract of a letter from Hon. Alexander H. Stephens, dated March 8. 1813: “I occasionally use, when my condition requires It, Dr. Simmons’Liver Regulator, with good effect lets mild, and suits me better than more active medicine.” EBBMfflflmUUifflinfflmMßn It is not tb* quantity ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■Hi be much or little. TUerefore, do not stimulate up the stomach to crave food, but rather assist digestion after eating, by taking Simmons’ Liver Regulator. ORIGINAL and ONLY GENUINE XAffOTAOTUMD ONLY BY J. H. ZEUsIN * CO., PHILADELPHIA, PA. FrS**. If.M. Ms* by All DuveeißTs. a nVCRTiene Desiring to reach the Readers AUTCni Id blld of this State, can do so In THE ft BEST AND CHEAPEST MANNER, by addressing E. E. PRATT. 77 and 70 Jackson street; Chicago. Orders received for any Western State. ■npMnms teal Walter, for making Knife-Plaiting with lightning rapidity. Every lady wants one. Address HATCH * HALL, 342 A 344 State street. Chicago, 111. Ho,forEastern Nebraska! Rich, Smooth, Tillable Prairie at f 1 to SO per acre. Climate healthy, water guod; accessible to the Great Trans Continental Railroad; in latitude of Central and Southern lowa. Running streams, but no swamps. Residence not required. Unsurpassed for Grain, Dairy and Stock business. IJor Mans and tree information, and Round-Trip Tickets, at Excursion rates, good for 6C days, apply to J. A. BENT, Wheaton, 111. - - 1 ■ 1 rSale & Exchange Bureau FOR FARMS. Any one wishing to sell a farm, send for circular and blank. Any one wishing to buy send, full particulars of what is wanted. FOR SALE—The finest Farm in Illinois, Cost over $200,000; sell for $184)00. In Iroquois county. Want offer. Would consider part exchange. FOR SALE—Great Bargains—Farms with fine growing crops: Delaware Connty, lowa, 180 acres, $8,200. Jefferson Connty. Kansas, 160 acres. $3,000. Union County, fill ol*. I<G acres, $3,250. And 500 other Choice Farms, cheap. E. P. HOTCHKISS A CO.. 142 LaSalle Street, Chicago, ill. CHICAGO SCHOOL of AKT —AND—DRAWING & PAINTING ACADEMY. Oil, Water-Color, Indla-lnk Painting; Pastel, Crayon, Monochromatic, Object, Free-Hand and Antique Drawing; Sculpture; Mechanical and Architectural Drawing and Designing: Photo Enameling, Photograph Coloring; Porcelain Painting; Portrait, Oil and Water-Color; from Life or Photograph, a specialty. A few Pupils can be accommodated at residence of Manager. Terms reasonable. Pbof. M. H. HOLMES, Manager and Prophet -r, 942 Wabash Avenue. Chicago. 111. i WILHOFT.® Anti-Feriodlo, FEVER S AGUE TONIC* War mil JNseeses Csneed kg Malarial PsiMHlny ©/ (he SlMd, A Warranted Cure! Or. R. FINLAY & CO., Few tsrtemum, Wrap’s. arroß sale by all druggists. „T* Rational Invalid*.-In sickness every portion of the body sympathize* with tbe seat of the disorder. When the stomach falls to perform IT* tunction* the liver, bowels, nerves, muscles, veins, arteries, etc., are all more or less affected. These delinquents require a medicine combining the properties of a stornaehie. an alterative, a purgative, a tonic and tedatl v«, to bring them back to their duty sand all these elements. In their purest and most effective forms, are united in Tarratt’s Effervescent Seltzer Aperient, the great Saline Remedy for Indigestion and its concomitant consequences. Sold by all druggists. 0k PlkM Made by tt Agents lnJau.T7w!th X BbU <€ f my 13 new articles. Samples free. ■ WWW f Address C. M. Ziafoito*. Chief.

READER, nim what a depressing iotlucncc it exercises on the mind, blunting its faculties, besides enervating lira body as well f llow dinloult to rid the bead or this foul matter all can testliy who arc afflicted with Catarrh. How difficult to protect the system against It* further progress towards the lungs uud bronchial tubes, ail physicians can testify. It Is a terrible disease, and cries out for relief: To bo tr ed from the danger of suffocation wtills lying down: to breathe freely, e'eep soundly and undisturbed j to know that no poisonous, putrid matter (tellies the breath ami undermines the system i to know that the body does not. through it* from such a fate should bu the object of all afflicted. But those who have tried many remedies and nhystclans, despair of relief or cure. Tiny become lm .odious. With such the long array of testimonials from our best clUxena, physlctens, and druggists in favor at SANFORD'S RADICAL CURE Must be convincing proof of its effleocy. It Is a local red constitutional remedy. lutrengtiieo* tbo system by- Internal use, while endeavoring to throw off the <l Hesse, and soothes and heals the inflamed nasal surfaces by direct application. . SANFORD’S RADICAL CURE Is s great and rellsblsmedloins, snd when every other remedy Is tried and found wanting, this, by its immediate beneficial effect, passes at once in to favor, whicU It retains forever afterwards. Each package contains Dr. Sanford a Improved Inhaling Tube, and foil directions for Its use In all cases. Price, $14)0. Forsale by all wholesale and retail drngglsts throughout the United States. WEEKS * POTTER, General Agents bud Wholesale Druggists, BoaNERVOUS m DISEASES. For the immediate relief and permanent cure of many forms of Paralysis, Epilepsy or Flu, and Nervous and Involuntary Muscular Action. COLLINS’ VOLTAIC PLASTERS by rallying the nervous forces, have proved successful When every other known remedy haa failed. “Just the Thipg.” Messrs. Wans * Pottsb: Gentlemen,—Pleas* find enclosed 50 cents, for which send me two COLLINS’VOLTAIC PLASTERS. They seem to be Just the thing for nervous complaint*, as those wlto use them testify. I do not use them myself, bnt seeing your advertisement, and knowing that some of my neighbors were suffering from various nerrdbs and verr satisfactory. Please send me your lowest rates, by the dozen. Very respectfully, Mr. Btxblixq, 0., July 20,1876. O. W. BOAT WICK. Want IKoro.” Messrs. Wires St Form: Gentlemen,—Please send by mall one dozen COLIJNS’ VOLTAIc PLASTERS. The one I sent for did me so much gdbd that I SS£ 's£S££ a be,lde ‘ u * lB * th £ m KM£»r wirat Montgomery, 0., May I,lßl*. Bold by all druggists for 25 cent*. Sen t by mall, careProprietors, Boston. *|a a Map at Mama.— Agent* wanted. Outfit-. ♦IZ and term* free. TRUE k CO., Augusta, Ms. AIIMe Revolvers sent free for enamlnafn. Price-list ■liliw free. GreatWest’n Gun Works. Pittsburgh, Pa.d»EK ® A Week to Agents. $lO Outfit Free. WOO N 94 I P. O. VICKERY, Augusta, Maine. $5 to S2O S2O far 2.SRffSUS. iffSt/Boetou; Maaaf tee A |T*JfJXIn your own iowa. Term* and OODD outfit free. H. Hallxtt * Co, Portland. Me. C Q Ej ftbret^lngarticUM** the wo ri* Hiam^e «Dw V U/ree. Address Jay BaoN»oM,Detroit,Mlchj CREATESTfIffiSKHK Pont miss It. Add. Western Banner C0.,8L Louie. Mo. ui*mD.sr'SKi"iTS!! , L‘ss. , sy.? If Address Queen City lamp Works. Cincinnati O. •I AM a month to Agents, permanently, selling our #lww many Novelties. Send stamp forwlrculars and: term*. G. W. Foster ACo.,naPeart>oru-*t,Chieago,lH. (Til off OP * enyawra made hy Agents tsllinz our Chro. lustrsted Catalogue traa. J. H. Bvmrosu’a Host, Boston, Vasa. ■ ■ m m WholMale and Rrtall. Baud for price Ust. ll■ ■ n o<Md ” Knt C - D - *u.r«b. ra . HairUn i 1 ffl dressing t ivic, so eta, Wlgsmad*MU ■ ■K tv order and warranted. ■ Mil) K - IJXTRNHATVr, ■ IlMNll BU tv. Manaoa 8»„ CrncW lOWA R. R. LAND CO. U A I Caamart Sand postal-card for onrpumph•lo 1 rSrillffrfa let giving location*, prices.tenn* of 1.20U.C0U acres R. It. lands to the middle repon ot Western lowa, or call at the Company’s office In Cedar Rapids. lowa, or *2 Randolph Chicago, tor foil information. B. B. Tickets free to land purchasers,, from Chicago and return. J.B.Cai-kuitm. Land Corn’r. JACKSON’S BEST SWEET WAVY CHEWING TOBACCO was awarded the highest prize at the Exposition. tor its fine chewlug qualities, the excellenceand lasting character of Its tweetenlng and flavoring. If you want the Br.ST TOBACCO ever made, ask your g ocer for this, and tee that each plug bears our blue strap trade mark with words Jack-on’* Beat ou It. Sold by all jobbers. Send tor sample to C. A. JACKSON A CO., Manufacturers, Petersburg. Va THE ORIGINAL AND ONLY ttxnroiwai “Vibrator” Threshing ladies, CONSISTING OF Completc HoYse-Power Establishment*. with 24-fiich, 28-lnch and 82-lncb Cylinders, and 6,8, ltf or 13 Horse Powers to match. Two Style* off Mounted Horn* Power*; our improved “Triple Gear,” and improved "Spur Speed”! Woodbury style), both kinds mounted on four wheels, snd special sues made for b, 8.10 or 12 horses. Complete Steam Power Outflli; our unrivaled “Vibrator** Separators, msde expressly for Steam Power, with 32-Inch Cylinder and 44-inch Separator, or ar-tneb Cylinder and 48-ineh Separating and cleaning parts, with all the other parts proportionately capacious and full of ‘‘business”; also, our matchbeyond rivalry in Power, Durability, Easy Firing, Beauty of Design, Perfect Workmanship, Elegant Finish, complete in every detail and in all respects a fit' companion for our celebrated Steam Separator. Our “Vibr»t*r” Srparntor* “alone,” mad* expressly for Steam Power, and to match to any and all other make of Engines, also, perfectly adopted togo with any and all other make or Horse Power* Four sizes, ranging from 24 to 36-Inch length of Cylinder-, audit to 48 inches width of Separating parts. The World-Wide Reputation of our matchless “ Yihrator" Threshers tor rapid threshing, perfect saving, admirable cleaning, no wastage, cinmitnets, economy In repairs, durability, ease of management Snd a general superiority in various other respect*, is now fully established and generally recognized. sis damp or wet, while for Flax, Tlmaihy, and lik* Seeds, no other machinee can irvlUfuUu claim anp comparttoH. The Genuine “Vibrator” Threthers ARE MADE ONLY BY NICHOLS, SHEPARD A CO. Battle Creek, Mich. They, or any or their regulsrauthorUcd Dealers, furnish Illustrated Pamphlets. Price Lists and full particulars, tree, on application. 9R Fancy Cabds, all New Styles, with nsmetjO ctz. v ZO postpaid. J. g. HCBTfcb.Mns.au. (TV, CARDS.-* or tinted <ls tint*)or *1 snow-flake, R marble, repp snd damsik, mixed, or S' , no two D alike, with your name beautifully printed, for S. l«c. and a 3-ct. stamp. None ulcer lathe wo-hl at ear price. One says: “I know of more than fifty AK.X » 8. «.» K. wheat trmiTjwe to flfeldttM flMMfr* MffdMui atom mi #B- —. a .. „ji_ ... - - jpswwww twwmgg jfswom filffllV lIMI dHEICVI'VIMWRCWr ■ «m this pmpar.