Rensselaer Union, Volume 9, Number 3, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 5 October 1876 — Page 6

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OLD-TIME FRANCE .

The Klfig was reduced to utter -sell ► tydpletMMW, in accordance wnh the atul WbiWter of the household bad alarg rvtiniMof senanta ri. bta w—nand. ] , was his duty to see to the proper furnish togtorthof the royal and he y tyoutroltereand masters of the counting -JsufiW tvan-week. • 'The duty of provid ing the hooeehOld was over thesaprauded the fink ririf re <T Aotefl Under him were twelve asstatynts, whqs* napkin which he used before eatings TWR wutHßnW masttTrwMMwMting! house for disbursing the expenditures | and there’was an officer whose sole duty -was that of the grand chamberlain. Hd was a gnmff '•gentleman ffideed, usually* a Dufo orMarQjiUof high^*™ evert the first gentleman of the chamber, hiss .veistte satia. with « wiytof mhgnffiertit’ fflWfimW 1 -; •tor chamberlain ih"lc& arduous Uutifto irf^toffiwg’to r KS •Jfc»t ; . & tun : Majesty's personal wants; and I these in turn were assisted tty I four Hue blooded valuta, tyho slept by turns below the Kingls bed, ready to serve his slightest wish. Under the graq<pimn>b4fM4|<oo, were sixteen ush-yr-,4j»wty-twv sutojalets, twelve beams of the mantie. -two aiquebusterß, eight betides painters and sculptors, kennelwsjsrgdat. tab binerwmsh, and Ms/uritotf«afto??wriian ptM King undressed; ’be .Itnadedthimjhiiß night-dress, nightcap and .handkerchief; white-other maateN of the EmW-TH 8 few®. glovas, Wj aml readers, mte two ushers and lite taterpr’etfetVand trshslatorat therb Was. t ''mi£ fidconer'irtA another Set bf Sjrvants; a large' number 'were employed tn the care Wifi' decbriitlbn o? the King's parices, among them four or five architects,''three cottcHfalte? footmen, ■there were many? Theist ’ WBNTVJrious corps d«v*tedMtore tjroy|l an% among the staff employed in the garS;.sss?«w3fiMw - a •

The expense of this gorgeous establishMeudon, Fontainebleau, Cajnpiegne, St. ■Cloud, where the same royal state was Jieved, enormous. The statement of a few ■of the salaries and other expenditures wjll serve to ilJratpate tri What eMMWtor France wns burdened and bled to aoteain •the-pomp of ite-ndn *ad dianotatetnjfafty. Tire Ua&ptrpMfleinan of fancy dors'! fifteen bunditd. ■ OaoßeoM caatonhonteXVl., who waafarf rote haiiw,« umd thrift tor nartnwt laid step crar .half a million dollars.in tepairUHt his furniture; and this was anwnaaal ate twenty thousand dollars, by reftob mine th* court. Thw/mfcS wtttHftjr df'tldilrin/ <ptare to piece cost -Mm h® a fihndr avftir. The military corps attending nit majesty, Swiss guardsmen, the ‘Criw ' tansfinrthe Mie guardsmen,” All nearly ten rimes.ias a theater, and sometimes *k - a baiiTOom;” wore!nearly bro thousawi h«»«8; eras twte hundnea vehicles of varia—fWH; <eibK ftaen * Jj PF court. iftil and' dtefflnr horseman llis maiesfv ihad three hunted horses exalusivi’lvda Tfifs sfffrtliitay 1’ fwd cost fifty thousand doltare, Qd -•.W™ 11,1 8

■W ' 'V J»- ■ ■ ?. • I Mites of forest land about Versailles and and his <‘Xt nu^Wn a 6.(jf war; <-vAb gMdsoff glories inTfe «» head in a day. and his SO.OOO ptata l<J> MT rha.tytmJtajf toes on inwNMintly in the season.* “The King,” writes M. de Luvnes, in 174*? “ has been hunting every day of the paM and present awk, except to-day and dh Sundays, killing, since the beginning, 8,500 partridges.” When there is not hunting, some other luxurious recreation awaits the pleasure'of the King and court. One day, it is the comedians of the French theater; another, it is the Italian opera, performed in that historic theater ofVersailles; these days are eked out by the gaming at the tables of the jev de rot, by splendid suppers in the banqueting hall, by garden fetes, with illuminations and plav of waters in the park, and by dress-balls and glittering masquerades, which the rising sun catches in full career. Consider for a moment the royal tableservice at Versailles, and what it costa.' There are three sets of tables spread every day. One is Occupied by august majesty itself, with the princes and princesses; a second is devoted to the great officers of the household—the Grand Chamberlain, Grand Marshal, and so on; the third is crowded by two or three hundred of the court officials; and these tables are served by over a hundred waiters. The annual expense of this daily feasting is about half a million dollars. But these are only the tables of the King. The mem bers of his family, it must be remembered, have each a separate establishment of his or her own. Those of the royal mesdames include two hundred servants; Madame Elizabeth, the sister of Louis XVI., must be served by sixty-eight pairs of diligent hands; the Countesses u’Artois and de Provence, wives of the King’s brothers (both of whom were long afterward to be Kings themselves), are stately with households of two hundred and fifty servitors each; while Marie Antoinette's establishment hums with five hundred attendants of high and low degree. Even the little princess royal, afterward to become Duchess d’Angouleme, after escaping the fate of her parents on the guillotine and her brother at the Temple—even she, when but a month old absolutely needs eighty persons to do her service. Charles and Louis, the King’s brothers, are provided for separately from the King and from their wives. Louis of Provence has a “civil household” of 500, and a “military household” of 200; Charles of Artois, as a younger brother, must be content with 230 men of the military and 450 of the civil sort of servants. “ Three-fourths of these,” says Taine, “ are for display; with their embroideries and laces, their unembarrassed and polite expression their attentive and discreet air. their easy way saluting, walking and smiling, they appear well in an ante-chamber placed in lines, or scattered in groups in a gallery; I should have liked to contemplate even the stable and kitchen array, the figures filling up the background of the picture. By these stars of inferior magnitude we may judge of the splendor of tlie royal sun.” The total expense of all the tables to which the gallant multitudes sat ’own daily at Versailles was more than $700,000 a year. The wine bill alone was $60,000, the meat and game $200,000, the fish $15,000. The whole number of persons employed about and forming the court reache*d at least 15,000; and to maintain the court cost not less than $8,000,000 a year then, which was equal to what $16,000,000 would be know; and it was onetenth of the total revenue of France.

The head swims with all this multitude and with all these figures. We are dazzled even by the thought of so much pomp and magnificence, such reckless expenditure; such prodigious waste. No wonder, perhaps, that every French grand seigneur longed to be one of the court, though that court was the most glaring proof of how the nobility had decayed, and how all its grandeur and greatness had been chained to the royal chariotwheels. There was no one so high that he did not eagerly join in the adulation of royalty. Everybody, churchman or ‘layman, made it “the duty duty in life to be at all hours and in every place under the king’s eye, within reach of his voice and his glance.” It was literally true that “ the true courtier follows the Krince as a shadow follows its body.” Iven the Duke de Richelieu writes to Madame de Maintenon that it were preferable to die rather than be without the light of the royal countenance for two months; while the Duke de la Rochefoucauld made it a boast that he had never missed the King’s rising aid going to bed. People paid thousands of dollars for the privilege of being a royal valet or cloak-bearer. We hear of old sourtiers of eighty, who have spent half the time of that long life on their feet, dancing attendance on majesty! The palace is ever crowded, and with such i crowd! One would think that India tad exhausted her gems, and Fnmce her nlksand satins, to provide forthedazding show; that the deft arts and work* nanship of the world could scarcely have sufficed to furnish forth the decorations tnd ornaments; that Nature must have forced the life and juices of the earth to supply the vast wealth of flowers garlandid and grouped in corridors and reception lulls. Never was there a period when he art of dress was carried to a greater lerfection in color and shape, in elaborate aste and fanciful deviSfc. “There is not i toilet here, an air of the head, a tone of he voice, an expression in language, vhich is not a masterpiece of worldly culure, the distilled quintessence of all that s exquisitely elaborated by social art.” Ve can only fully realize the amazement vhich Franklin, appearing in plain, nuff-colored attire, caused the French .'ourt, when we comprehend the gorgeous diminution which the art of dress had -eached. The ladies' skirts, “ ranged in a :ircle, or in tiers on the benches, form an spatter covered with pearls, gold, silver, ewels, spangles, flowers and fruits, with heir artificial blossoms, gooseberries, berries, strawberries—a gigantic, animated bouquet of which the eye can carcely support the brilliancy.” The men were scarcely less splendid in attire han the women, with their buckles and rigs, their lace cuffs and cravats, their liken coats and “ vests of the hues of the alien leaves, or of a delicate icse-tini, or >f celestial blue, embellished with gold •raid and embroidery;” their swords with ichly-chased hilts, and their chapeaux thick with lace and feathers. | In such gorgeous fashion lived the French King and his court; and thus royalty and the court continued till the time came for the people to rise, and, in their rage,.and hunger, and thirst for vengeance, to put out the lights of this dazzling scene, and Jay low this most magnificent of all “ theatres royal" in smoking ruins M. Toxle, in Apptatont'

PERSONAL AND LITERARY.

Ci~^K ot . <? y ,n ,ort x I ~W ye** -8 a K° J JB ( agri<-iilurra| $rt jbj WWust been reprod one of Jua articles ia so valuable, what is Long John Went-worth f RacMtAtr 1 C %heJslaiUi of (BenikMe, fjlith ?ihe bidding* ujJP it, Was WvertKl toWMr. John Anderson, who presented it to the late Prof. Agaaaiz for a summer school of natural histoty. The island having ceased to be used for school purposes, Mr. Anderson intends to make it again his summer home. —The famous Sears will-case at Boston, in which a stated income was to be allowed to the testator’s son, but no provision was made for the final disposition of the immense property, is at last settled, the Supreme Court having decided that the whole property is to go to the sou, Joshua Montgomeiy Sears, now a student at Yale College. —George Sand's last illness is said to have been brought on by working against advice, when indisposed. This is quite characteristic of her, for in her latest published work there is a description of a grand sunset, wherein she says she was entreated to leave the window from fear of catching cold; “ but what matters a running at the nose compared with my rapt contemplations ?” —George Francis Train, so asserts Jennie June m the Baltimore Amsncan, “ is now- generally considered a lunatic.” She says that he sits ten hours every day on a shaded bench in Madison Park, petting children who play there. He will shake hands with no adult, for fear it might take strength out of him: and he says he is developing a will power that will in time enable him to kill anybody bv a mere exertion of his mind.

Nathan Hale, the Spy.

One hundred years ago to-day Nathan Hale was hanged by British soldiers in this city. The facts concerning his mission, his capture and his execution are well known to readers of American histoiy, but it may not be amiss to recall them now. Nathan Hale was a native of South Coventry, Conn., where his father, Hrchard Hale, wired a large family. From his an employment which w-as congenial toj i iis studious habits. He was but twentjM rears old when the Revolution b<Uf, his patriotism soon led him to thewt’c®iß nental army, in w'hich he soon Captain. After the battle of Long Island, I tataKg HorinatiK c ffir‘ ( ‘ ri ffiUW lLe ß all f | Of Be eßny, iui®h|K HaMwonhrß red Buikerow stßice.’yile lefcthd camß aratMWßMWout the middle wrrtep(ember, 1776, accompanied by a friend,

and soon reanhed Norwalk, where lav a ithen parted with Ins friend, whose name disguise assumed by the young spy was this commission, and also his shoe-buckles sloop reached Huntingdon, and Hale was immediately rowed ashore. Hajiandefl a place called The Cedars &M Hmranred all night. Next day he moved on to this citetowhictaite llßlie&sin<d for several, days, anti jot down hjg <feert*tii®s, wl® ■ sir Hi of wfitin. hut iflfirposK h e jfjfced 1& Rh ■ t St >okIvnfandmabn whence he If ptmd W UiteftuWmr Hwwax, Wpt. QuWWF happened cruising in . that neighborhoqd.apda boat's crew was observation. Hale »d was taken Vfiefc JH.JK. recognized by an American renegade. Sowed whose headquarters were in the Beekman wfeurn stroyed, was then called Mount Pleasant, »nd was for stqucfr pre of note in tKuflallay* prisoner was subjected to the form of a jourt-martial. The Latin noOdte&lfegig discovered, and his manly afffwkr of Tnf Marshal Cunningham. The trial took place on the 21st of September, a day long remembered because of the great Are. It broke out in Whitehall, and extended up Broadway as far as the Park, destroying four hundred and ninety-three houses. That night, the last that Nathan Hale spent on earth, was passed in the provost jail. This building is still in existence, and having been thoroughly reconstructed is now the Hall of Records. Cunningham, the Provost Marshal, was notorious for his brutality. He was a British dragoon, who came hither before the; revolution, and fulfilled his office throughout the war in the most cruel manner. Hale asked for writing materials, in order to send a farewell letter home, but his request was refused. A young officer interceded and obtained the object of his request, but the letter was afterward destroyed. During that night, when the city was apparently doomed, the young patriot remained in durance, and the next morning, the 22d of September, 1776, Cunningham led him forth to his fate. At that time Chambers streete-then called Barrack street—contained an old burial ground, which extended from Broadway almost to what is now Center street. In this burial ground, not far from the present site of A. T. Stewart & Co.’s warehouse, the gallows was erected, and there Nathan Hale suffered death, leaving as his last words that oft quoted regret, which breathes the noblest patriotism: “ I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.” He was buried near the gallows, and, as the grave had no distinctive mark, all traces of the spot were lost. Hale’s companion carried to the homestead at South Coventry the campbook and camp-basket, as well as other memorials of 'the young hero, and could never refer to the sad event without weeping. In 1837 an association was formed in South Coventry for the purpose of erecting a suitable monument, and nine years afterward it was finished. It is fourteen feet, square at the base, and being forty-five feet high is a vary notable feature in the cemetery.

fate waa equally tragic. This man was John Andre, who started from that noted AiBF SnolßKle have mGKs of Storieal codKctionMp'hey wugLthe m«B remarkable mlr whBE histoity UientioJai. having of WH spy. When Andre waWßßil HT* asked the officer what would be the probable consequences, and tlie reply was eaasswfe motive. In the other we behold the sublime devotion of a noble-hearted youth who so loved his country that one life was too small a sacrifice for her welfare.—AT. Y. Evening Post, Sept. 22.

The Income-Tax Swindler’s Defense.

It will be universally admitted that when a charge is brought against a public man who has ail the material at his own command that either confirms or refutes it, the failure to produce that material upon proper provocation is a strong confirmation of his guilt. This is precisely the position occupied by Mr. Tilden, now that his so-called “ defense” has been made public. The gravamen of the charge against him is that, during a term of ten years, he withheld a part of the tax due the Government upon his income, and that during two of those years he. swore falsely to the returns he made. The Government books show the income tax which Mr. Tilden actually paid. Now comes a Mr. Sinnott, who claims to have been the confidential clerk of Mr. Tilden during all these years, and to know precisely what moneys Mr. Tilden received, what services he rendered, what his earnings were, and what expenses and losses he sustained. It was within the power of Mr. Sinnott, then, to have made a complete exhibit of Mr. Tilden’s receipts and earnings during those ten years, and such an exhibit would have shown whether Mr. Tilden had mad full and truthful returns or swindled the Government in the same manner as the whisky-thieves who are now in jail. But Mr. oinnott, though pretending to make an authoritative and final vindication of his former employer, did nothing of this kind. If Mr. Sinnott has overestimated his own knowledge of Tilden’s affairs, then it must still be admitted that Tilden himself has it within his power to make such an exhibit. To deny this successfully, it will be necessary for him to show that all his books and accounts have bes| or da^oye^L.,»nd that A -fnecailroads 7TKKm. with tj3«ji||.hKhad dealings have similarly This is probably not the case. Mr. Tilden, then, ‘stilMeclines to make an exhibit which he true or false. tASLJB woulCZErclearly to his advantage to make this exhibit if it rWOald 01TVUMIC' chTCHRS* false, the ilferenciitfrjnihK refusafjo make it is n*oessari|B t)iaFTOv are top. ff

VW haVeßeal thf whole of MZTSin'notvs sWtenftht, and - find gentleman claims such intimate knowlwere not rendered in # 1862, and certain (what moneys were received in that year. great value. But in attacking certain alduring the year, the weak ppint of Mr. B’ where there were actual receipts. . Tilden must test ufIOUC Icudspr When it was shqwn ftrit Mr. id sworn to an income of only nd subseqtiently fate': red in that year $20,000 from a ent, the answer was that he ■ turn his hut his * r qhrn4 he year. Then wpeP Tilden’s professional for brought him large amountOfF both in such manner as to avail himself of ■tha—“ titeow whena«er-dteyre-was not paid till afterward. I will undertake to prove them up with all has tq.be done not only without amraid fesfe® Tilden was paid more than the amount stated by it ($25,000) for services rendered in 1862; that of the $20,000 which Mr. Tilden swears was paid by the Terre Haute Railroad Company, at least SIO,OOO was earned in 1862; that the $20,000 paid by the Chicago & Northwestern, and the $20,000 Chicago & Alton bonds (worth par) received by Mr. Tilden subsequently to the year 1862 were for services rendered in that year; further, that Mr. Tilden received $25,000 from the Union Pacific Company in that year, though it is not yet definitely known how much of it was earned in that year. How enormously the case would be simplified if Mr. Tilden could be induced to make a voluntary exhibit of his “ earnings” and his “receipts” of that year, and state whether he made up his income on the. basis of “earnings” or the basis of “receipts”! But this, we apprehend, is just what he will not do. The fact is that the case against Mr. Tilden has been made worse by the pettifogging of Mr. Sinnott, who evidently knows too much and tells too little. So long as Mr. Tilden declines to make public his accounts for the years between 1862 and 1872, showing his charges for services rendered and the moneys actually received in the different years, the evidence at hand warrants denouncing him as a perjurer and a tax thief. This is a more serious matter than the Democrats seem to think. They treat it merely as a campaign weapon, which will be laid aside when the election is over. They are mistaken. We give them warning now, that, even if they succeed in electing Mr. Tilden President, this conviction of him as a common swindler and perjurer will follow him and them until he adopts the only method which can show him guiltless, viz.: An exhibit of all his earnings for those years when the income tax was collected, which cannot be successfully disputed, and which will show that his earnings were not monstrously in excess of the amounts on which he paid the tax. We give them warning now that the Democratic party will suffer more after eiecthm, if they z elcvat4 to the Chief Magistracy of ibe Nation W man whd canTfe prowl to'be a jWjurff andcheat, than it

i | i ■■ilia ihi ii suffers in the heat of a campaigner tempting sqfifr a m|yft, -)<<■ uffßsimßa disgrace, «w laWthe mMs ■M^|lK <ls h ( >w Hint itHbs pMb of spoilsre|BiateKit party bedicating the fair, fame of the American Republic. With alFthlh before them, tlie Democratic managers will do well to compel Mr. Tilden to make the exhibit which it is in his power to make, and abide by tlie issue. If such an exhibit shall clear him, tlie reaction will give him many votes that he will otherwise lose; if lit convict him, it will afford the Democratic party an opportunity for presenting a candidate whose personal honesty at least cannot be assailed.— Chicago Tribune.

In Whose Hands Shall the Destinies of the Union be Placed ?

A party, is known by its acts. The Democratic party made a damaging, not to say infamous, war record. That is a part of its history. But it might have redeemed itself, at least in a measure. This it hae not done. It has honored, and so far as it had the power, protected, encouraged and supported tlie treason that sought to destroy us by rebellion. There is the New York city government, Democratic to a degree that it has no fear of disturbance. Fortified, in power by unshaken majorities of thousands, it has been, as it is now, a fair exemplar of the party. Indeed, it is to-day the only reliance of the Democratic leaders in the State for success, the only hope of Tilden to carry New York and secure victory in the Presidential campaign. What of tliis party in New York city? Its prodigious stealings, its increase of tlie debt of the city from $10,0U0,000 to $130,000,000 in ten years, its monsfrous maladministration which to-day imperils not only the prosperity and progress, but the trade and business supremacy of the metropolis, are notorious to all who have eyes to see and intellects to reason. Not only this, but the Democratic party, as it has manifested its sympathies and bestowed its patronage where its power is undisputed and its supremacy assured, exposes its animus so distinctly and boldly that there is no mistaking its motives and inspirations. On this point we present some evidence that requires no argument to give it logical force and legitimate effect. Burton N. Harrison was the private Secretary and trusted confidant of Jefferson Davis while the latter, the executive head of the rebellion, was President of the so-called “Confederacy.” Burton N. Harrison is now, as he has been since the .beginning of his administration, the ’private Secretary of the Democratic Mayor of New York, Mr. Wickham. IfGen. Smith, who had been educated by tlie Government at West Point, was Street Commissioner of New York in 1861. Upon the outbreak of the rebellion Gen. Smith abandoned his lucrative municipal office, joined the rebel army, was promoted to a Major-Generalship, and fought r ft r the “ Confederacy’” and against the U aion to the close of the war. Gen. Si aith now holds the lucrative office of th e City Surveyor under the Democratic m|unicipal government of New- York city. <Gen. Lovell, who was Smith’s Deputy Commissioner in 1861, and who ran away ,w|th his chief and fought with him under the flag of treason throughout the war, is now installed by the De'mocratic municipal government of the metropolis as , Deputy City Surveyor under his old chief, Gen. Smith..

r These men abandoned their offices to I join the rebel army immediately after hFort Sumter was fired upon, but we are Binformed upon good Democratic authori-, |ty that they drew their salaries from the ETreasury of New York City for months Easter Urey had taken up arms against the ■Union. | Mr. McLaughlin is the deputy of the [County Clerk of New York, Mr. Walsh — •anoffice of responsibility and profit. Mr. highest claim to this Democratic patronage, so far as we are advised, is the fact that he was a Colonel in the rebel army and fought to the “ last ditch” for the Confederate cause. Maj. Quincy holds the Chief Deputyship under Democratic Sheriff Conner of New York. Next to that of the Chief.it is the largest paying place ip connection with the Sheriffalty, the compensation in Jebs running as high as $30,000 to $60,000 p year. Maj. Quincy’s office is technically known as the Order-of-Arrest Deputy, and to him is entrusted all orders of arrest mode by the courts of the city of New York, a most responsible trust. And there is a great deal of money in it when only legitimate fees are received, with opportunities to add immensely to receipts by sedret arrangements ana ways that are dark. Who is Maj. Quincy that he should b« thus favored with the richest Democratic patronage? This Maj. Quincy was » rebel Deputy in service under the torturer Wirz, having charge of that den of rebel cruelty ana murder, Libby Prison, during the war. Wirz, it will be remembered, was tried by court martial at Washington at the conclusion of the war, aud convicted and hanged for barbarous cruelties toward Union prisoners that were placed under his charge. His deputy, Maj. Quincy, by Democratic favor, enjoys the honors and emoluments of an office yielding a larger income than that of President of the United States! What do the boys in blue say of this? ~ , This is but a brief chapter. But it points unerringly to conclusions that cannot be ignored. They elucidate more clearly than a volume of mere argument could show, the prevailing spirit, the controlling sympathies and the all-pervading animus that have possession of the Democratic party and give direction to its leadership. We do not believe the people of this country are prepared to surrender to it, any more than they were willing to surrender the Union to the possession of treason when armed rebellion sought to destroy the Republic.— Troy Daily Timet.

Reform Catechism. Q. Who originated the Credit Mobilier swindle ? A. Samuel J. Tilden. Q. What lawyer takes fees from both sides ? A. Samuel J. Tilden. Q. Who swears to false income returns I A. Samuel J. Tilden. Q. Who cries “stop thief!” when his confederates are exposed ? A. Samuel J. Tilden. Q. Who is the fit and proper candidate of the Confederate Democracy ? A. Samuel J. Tilden. '• Q. Who is not a fit and proper candidate for the support of the American people? ‘ A. Samuel J. Tilden. — Republic Magazine. ./There are over 100 millionaires in California.

An I[?]rted [?]

l It has beep tyell said, our forty biWR ! of billions 0? amma? iiandroi imliionv of of^Td' wi i advance ‘lts value «r. wWWrawi our grid W ePdhjmgiag i for pnxurionof to her, ?^& P iriw- r<m>. l fo'Jpne iltendred-ininionslaCttte' boltom, vibndinp ail tlje wqahk.pLihe aJantry, aa ibdailyi. (three billiCtos’ iff £>lf ‘ tn' the world, on which is buiittts vast exchanges of property, <nd.proh»bly not,more than half of anfl prOducteafiS-annuallybought diifl sold on bank chocks promising- to pay gold? Remembet gold, and bank. currency is on!y XQutjmr <tept. t of .tba.warld’sjtyjntyv 8 iioncy market <mofaey. . The -great transactions of distributing the jrtjporty.: ioAL - donunoduias- JareOMb' iomplished—by ninety six par cent, n checks on- btrnks „and bankers. These checks aW ‘Wffiljwffiled on bank liscounts of individual*notes, promising o pay goldibft‘bafodO»n ! 'gold,’bdt’#Miy tossed ahopt,M*d.bolMoedAst bank earn.; rency -together,' to filnety-six per (tent. Of check*, based, qn tho bahkor’q promise to pay gold, which could, jjeycr be xeseerited. ’ What a pyramid of inflated’ eredhl/'.jf » •'.! i> ’ ’< ■ u: . goes weU , Jppg., a» (these .gold promises are vitlur prom, isesybut with the yaning confidence of a feWiMkr'itiay’demuhd g01d,,, Thia;Hrick».,tbq bubbly,.'and. then, there is not found one. gold dollar iu.all the world for every thousand; dollars of bank jtremisetJ'w pky the denfafid'for real gold. .oisilwos.- , ! Then,'too, Jhe. relative bettvccfl golfl afid, commodities is ffidenmg with growing civiliihtiotl. Gold fltotyly wilh all tiiad’S greediness, white thrpuah machinery and intention, commodities are multiplied with incohceivable rWjoidity. ’ Boon there will not be one gold dc|* Br 'f or<e^fy''ffir^ni ffi’diisand dollars required to conduct thee.wortd’s exchanges, and,the relatiy<\flifijarwme will continue ktill further to increase; Is not gokl a most faithless htkl Untrustworthy redeeming agpnt ? From- its sdatoity; how > can it fajljtq, deceit times of trial, When they duly, nced.ita-. help? 'l s it riot a' 1 dclusioh-Ta snare—a liindrance and chefek to-the ncfi'vi'fy dt tlv-' ilizattop? : ■ Gold being a failure, where then shall We look for a safe iponey basis to he.always «qual. n# the growing activities' bf civilization? In its labor, eotoHnoditiesapd- prowrtji,pll<, vte|ded -together into a basis in TrciisflA’Ttotes of convunieift. denowinationsl? wniefi'siWUhe u¥;ufitambd'in Volume at all tantps Oquld' thdlteinebtiftJMefidf industry and largely take thqpihc<J®6pri»'costly to ( ty.— C<tel‘&uliaMpolh i

Wooden Money.

;Frpm the tyigp qf’Henry the period: of the Establishment of the Bank of 'ilngJafid; l Wf fnpriey of England was manufactured but of wobff. This instrumqqt waft called-eftbhanga tdlly, and by virtue of it the hejdef was entitkd to receive frbip, the Drown the value inscribed thereon. It reafly Consisted of one-haif of aj Or staff. op in its Entire steto, the sum it injrported la ..was carved in transverse fiotenes, varying in wjdth for thbusdniKf,' .HufidrMs,. stores, pounds, shillings and peMpt.i Tlidse signa •- were for tjie unleatfifed; flfl- thcitidviialngn ( of those who read,, the^um,;was, written In inkwtwo opposite spiel of the . staff, and, finally, with a knife and mallet' the staff itself* was split in Wd. tongitwity nally. . Opq-Jiatt,, cabled thqpilly or che?k, 0 was given to the person fpr whose service ■ it was intended; tffij other hMf, Called tile counter tally/was laid up Jn safe-kCeping until its corresponding" tally should be brought in hy; the PWSW vjho (had/ givCri value for it its intrinsic value yvas, of cdftrSe, duty that: of. the Wood* of which it Was composed, 1 biit%y represWtatibn it denoted large sums, u o »" It wm a current V?f;erj qf, real raoaey, > primitive tally was derived the ExthehfuA-' Bill, first introduced in 1696 by Mr. Montague, then Chancellor, of tlie.Exchequqv* The word “bill, ’’ too/was nd doubt obtainod ftorti ’the Nonhan : French won/ bi ie,'which means-a staff. Bank post bills of yxKhange.iip. ojy yown day en “ billeHT or tellies to* the Metunhfrs Wp on whom,|hey t ;vgere qwmJftfiA- p In olden with exchequer tallies; br wooden numey. Exchange. ■ <»» : di , oiMfi ■W&.nroT */ tried to gte- inter jjjs oveit' padret and , hia youfhful Orhant' Bulletin. a vpty saMj to her lately, the subject of conversation being a recently tnarried iadyr—“ Ah, thatwua nrocratinairitbwhietehe toflntedbp these

Ailled Enemles to Health.

S£s3i?SsS. awsaesss: inote ninlignant type. Fortunately, asuije - t tw4entlv> andeurativopfoAdotractl ye maladies la to be AraSd iff wtetters SteinggßßaS. protnotes appetitM wl 'Mcepj' dapftM antidote to depression of avirite.