Rensselaer Union, Volume 6, Number 43, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 16 July 1874 — Page 4

The Potter Law.

I f%tk United States Circuit Oourt, comprkung Judges Davis, l>naumon.i aud lfopkius, on the 4th inst., at Madison, Wis„ rendered a decision adverse to the application of the bondholders of the Clu«a'go«& Northwestern Had road for an * injunction restraining the Attorney-Gen-eral and Railroad Commissioners from en forcingthe law regulating railroads missed by ,Uie last legislature. Judge J)rumtnhrtd said there had not been tifiiwto pre|r|rqi an opinion in the case, hut he presented the following as the conclusions of the court, upon the points made in the motiQn for a preliminary injunction: V bu*ho assumption that the act of the 11th oi SMreh, t 874, relating to railroad, erpren* and telegraph companies in the State of Wisconsin, is invalid, we think the court ha.- jurisdiction of the case. The hill as filed hv the bondholders, citiken* of Barope and of other States, aeeks to enforce oqnftamh fights, and to prevent action by the Railroad Commissioners wntcli mav result, as ‘ atleged, in aertaas *P These ritfitj. It was ii(Hsei**ary limit tneCdimmsPioiiciv had put the law into full operation, and it* effect* upon the railway ootnpanief* had become complete. before the application against them was •u&adti to * court of equity, a* * very important function of that cortrf Into"preYtfnt* throatened wrong to the rights of property. 2. We are of opinion that the act of the 11th oi March, mentioned above, was not repealed by th<* act of the 12th of March. 1874. the second section of which declared that all existing corporations within tlie State shall have and possess all the J >owers and privileges contained in their rcspee.tve charter*, and the act of the 12th of March, 1874, t|ie ninth action of which imposes a penalty lor eSr&Tbflhlft charges. There are apparent . .inconsistencies between the last two-named acts and, that of the 11th of March: but it becomes a question of intendment on the part of the Legislature. On the same dav a joint resolution was passed—March 12—directing the Secretary of &tate not to publish the act of 11th March until the 28th of April Act* of 1874. pages 595*. 893, 758. 773. In this State no general law is enforerd until after publication. We think we may consider the joint in order to determine whether the legislature intended that the two acts passed the same and should repeal the act of the 11th of March, day from that it is manifest that such was not the intention of the Legislature. ft. The charters of railroad corporations, under the Constitution of Wisconsin, may he altered or repealed bv the Legislature at any time after their passage. In legal effect, therefore, there was in corporated in all the numerous grants under whfch the Northwestern liai 1 way l ornpany: now claims its right of franchise and property in this State, the foregoing condition contained in the Constitution. It became a part, by operation of law. of every contractor mortgage made by the company or by any of its numerous predecessors, under which it claims. All share and .bond holders took their stock or their securities subject to this, paramount condition, and of what they in law had notice. If the corporation, by making a contract or a deed of trust on its property, could clothe its creditors with an absolute, unchangeable right, it would enable the corporation, by its own act, to abrogate one of the provisions of the fundamental law of the State. 4. This principle is not changed by any authority from tne Legislature 6f the State to a corpora-., tion to consolidate with a corporation of another State. The corporation of this State is still sub-, ect to the Constitution of Wisconsin, and there is no power anywhere to remove it beyond that authority. -.5. As tb the rates for the transit of persons and properly exclusively within the limits of this State, the Legislature had the right ttflUtcr the terms of the charter of the Northwestern Kail way Company, and the laat that such alteration might affect the value of its property or franchises cannot touch the question of power in the Legislature. The repeal of tie franchises would have well-nigh destroyed the value of its tangible property; and while the latter, as such. could not be taken, still its essential value for use on the railroad would be gone. 6. The fact that grnuts of land were made by Congress to the State cannot change the rights of tne corporators or of the creditors. If the State has not perfected the trust, it must answer to the United States. 7. The act of the 11th oY March, 1874. while not interfering with rates of freight of property transported entirely through the State, to or from other States, includes within its terms property and persons transported on railroads from other States into Wisconsin, or from Wisconsin into other States. This act either establishes, or authorizes the Commissioners to establish, tixed rate* of freight and fare on such persons and property. The case of the State freight tax. reported in 15 Wallace. 282, decides that this last described traffic constitutes commerce between the several State*, and that the regulation thereof belongs exclusively to Congress. It becomes, therefore, a very grave question whether it is competent for a State arbitrarily to fix certain rales for transportation of persons and property of this inter state commerce. As the right to lower rates implies also the right, to raise them, there mav be serious doubts whether this can be done. This point was not fully wvgued by counsel and scarcely at all by the counsel of defendants; and under the circumstances we do not at present feel warranted, on this ground alone, to order the issue of an injunction. If desired by the plaintiffs it may be further Considered at a future time, either on demurrer to the hill or in such other form as may fairly present the question to our consideration. The motion for an injunction is overruled.

Deception.

Tot may remember that I lectured lately for the young men of the Clayoniah Society? During the afternoon of that day 1 was talking with one of the young gentlemen referred to, and lie said lie bad an uncle who, from some cause ,or other,;seemed to have grown permanently bereft of all emotion, and with tears in bjs eyes this young man Said: “ Oil, if I could only see him weep!” I was touched. I could never withstand distress. I said: “Bring him. to my lecture. I’ll start him for you.” “Oh, if' you could but do it our family would bless you forevermore, for lie is very dear to us. Oil, my benefactor, can you make him laugh? Can you bring soothing tears to those parelii-d orbs?” I was profoundly moved. 1 said: “My son, bring the old party around. I have got some good jokes in my lecture that will make liim laugh if there’s any laugh in him; and, if they miss fire, I have got some others that will make liim cry or kill him, one or the other.” Then tlic young man wept on my neck and presently spread both hands t>h my neck and looked up toward heaven, mumbling something reverently, and then went after liis uncle, lie placed him in full view, iu the second row of benches, that night, and I began on him. 1 tried him on mild jokes, then with severe ones; I dosed him with bad jokes, and ridiculed liim with good ones; 1 tired old, stale jokes into him, anil peppered him fore and aft with red-hot new ones. 1 warmed up to my work and assaulted him on the right and left, iu front and behind; I fumed and charged and ranted till I was hoarse and sick and Trap tie and furious; but I never moved him once—l never started a smile nor tear! Never a ghost of a smile, and never a suspicion of moisture! 1, was astonished. I closed the lecture at last w ith one despairing shriek —with one wild burst of humor—and hurled a joke of supernatural atrocity full at him! Then I sat down bewildered and exhausted. Tlie President of the society came up and batUed niv bead w ith cold water, and said-: “ What made yon carry on so toward the hist?” , 4 4 said.- “I was trying to make, that i confounded old idiot laugh, in the second row.” And he said: “Well, you \vcre wasting your time ; because lie is deaf and dumb, and'as blind as a badger.? Now, was that any way for that old man’s nephew to impose on a stranger, and an orphan like me'!—Mark Twain.

A Michigan Pigeon Roost.

Imagine, |f-you eat, kjtjricf of land about sixteen miles long and three wide, w here every bough is occupied by a dozen nests and a hundred birds, where the air whirrs from dawn till dark with ceaseless wings going and coming; where the flights that settle cover square acres with a living carpej, where from 250 to 400 dnen have for 'six weeks or more been engaged in trapping and killing without cessation or let, and yet not made the numbers appreciably less; imagine fifty square miles of pigeons, and that is the scene. ,As the old birds leave or are destroyed by of young ones take the wing, and almost daily armies of reinforcements fly northward from far-away Kentucky and Missouri, the beat of whose wings and whose countless numbers obscure the sky and e “» 4 a hollow roar as if a tornado or thunder-storm were approaching. |

There we throe regular “ flights” a day —two“ tom-Uiglits” andonc “hen-flight. At early dawn the male birds set out flying to the east and north to seek a breakfast of Seeds and berries, ten, twenty, or fifty utiles away, and by six or half-past six the sky*is black with the departing birds. They tower up in great armies to a considerable height, each sheet of birds—sheet is the word; that best describes them —wavering a moment like the needle of the compass when disturbed, then taking flight in the appointed direction with a unanimity and evenness of speed that would make one believe that every bird was aniiiiatcd by the same impulse at the same instant. An hour later not a bird is to be seen, but toward eight o’clock the rush of tie returning armies is heard. Squadron after squadron arrives, cleaving the air with unwearied wings and unfailing sense, fluttering, wheeling and descending each division over its own district, each bird over the nest of its faithful mate. As “ tom” after “ font” to take liis trick at the domestic helm, “lien” after “hen” rises upward, and the armies of the Amazons go out to the east and north. Toward nine o’clock tlic scene is indescribable. It is a very, ot : mosphere of wings, earth and forest-have been converted into feathers, and the eye gazes down vistas of pigeons to far horizons of squab pies and milmi* <le tourte* tttnrrtgn. Metropolitan readers will imagine a tract of woodland twice the width of Manhattan Island and twice as long as from the Battery to Harlem River, birds arriving in flocks of a hundred thousand, birds departing in flights as numerous, a very Broadway of the air, extending over a Whole county. By and by the hist female suffragist departs, and the meek males remain incubating. In the middle of the afternoon the “hens” return, and the “ toms” depart to make an evening of it, returning before or about sunset. The late birds, who stay out till dusk, having apparently the lateli-key to their several nests, seem bothered when returning, and fly very low,’'sweeping along the ground' until they get their bearings. Then- begins sucli a slaughter as marked the coup d'etat. Poles and clubs are the weapons, and at every sweep a dozen birds, brained, crippled or maimed, tumble to the earth. Scarcity less simple and efficient is the practice of raking them down at night with poles from the lower branches of trees where they roost. Let it lie said that the' birds often settle so thickly that boughs as large in circumference as a man’s thigh are broken off by the weight, and that the new and tender shoots are blasted by the incumbent mass. The foxes, and, later in the year, the bogs, fatten on the ungat bend hecatombs that are left dead or to die in the grass. Tlie shot-gun and the net are (lie principal weapons affected by the hunters. The beach of Crystal Lake, where the waters were lowered last year, affording a sheet of, level sand some twenty-five miles round and nearly half a mile wide, is thickly dotted with the stands of the hunters —small liuls of pine boughs in which the hunter sits with his guns. At times poles are placed for roosts without and decoys employed to induce tlie birds, like Dilla, to come and be killed, a raking discharge sweeping them front the poles literally by dozens. But when thick flights are of regular occurrence there is nothing to do but jo blaze away ami pick up the dead. The net’s do more wholesale execution, but require a larger capital. Bound a woodland spring, where the birds will stoop to drink, the smooth ground is abundantly spread with corn mingled with salt, the water of the spring being also salted with a liberal hand. For several days the birds that go thither in search of food are allowed to take their fill and carry home the good news. At last, growing bold by habit, they come not single spies, but in battalions, and settle down to *■ work” the ground systematically. They advanced en echelon , with this advantage, that being blessed with wings tlie rearward companies, *as they find corn scarce, fly over the beads of tlie front companies and settle upon unoccupied ground, in turn to become again the rear guard. When, therefore, this salted ground becomes the regular resort of’flights of birds 4,000 or 5,000 strong the woodland free-luneh system is abolished, anil the birds are made to “ pay witli their persons,” as the French would say. The nets suspended on stakes round tlie ground are struck, there is a hurried and thunderous roar of wings as those most happy fly off. and the earth is covered with a carpet of dark blue. The net rustics anil undulates •with the efforts of tlie imprisoned birds to escape. Then the trapper comes out and releases them one by one. If lie is'trapping for market lie wrings their necks anil they are barreled and carted away. If it is intended to sell them alive they are placed in l oops and shipped, or stored in barns and houses. The biggest catch of the year has been 800 birds,Though it is of -record that one trapper secured nearly 1.800 at one strike.— Cor. Neic York World.

A Sioux Trick.

'\ v It is less than five years “since tire writ-, er visited the encampment of one of tlie remnant bands of Indians on the upper Missouri and got .an. insight into tlie strategy and cunning which Gen. Custer and liis expedition to the Black lHlls-w ill have to learn exists in the make-up of a Sioux Indian, as Gen, Thomas and companions learned, too late, existed in the nature of a Modoc. The little band visited by your narrator liad, with all the inferior tribes of that region, from the earliest recollection of the grayest and most ancient medicineman of the band, been subjected to tlie thieving raids of the mighty Sioux, who are. in the vernacular of their weaker red brothers, “ heap bad Irijun.” Only six weeks before the visit to the Poncas, for that is the name of tlie band called upon, tlie Sioux had attacked the lodges at night, and stolen every pony and valuable they could get hold of, besides taking particular pains that no papoose (Indian baby) was left to tell tlie tale to future generations. Wliat then was mv surprise, on the occasion of niy trip to the scene bf such diabolical marauding, to hear tlie old white trader who accompanied me say, one morning: “ Bless my hide, if there ain’t one of them Sioux dogs standin’ over on that hill, motionin' as tho’ he’d like to. make peace with tlie Poncas.” And sure enough, on a bluff overlooking the lodges, there did stand a genuine ■Sioux chief, with liis hands held up, and niotioriing outward—to Indians, a siim of trace.

The encampment had seen the lone representative of old Red Cloud’s colmrts quite as soon as any one, and soon formed a large circle, into which the strange Indian entered, still making the signs of peace. I had heard of the tall-straight-as-an-arrow and noble Red Man: had read of him in poetry; but here was the firs; realization of phjpical beauty in tlic lndian I had effr.ihet in my-life. lie Was fully up to the description of “ tall and straight,” and 'though not more than twenty-eight? years old he- carried himself with a dignity born of nothing else than an innate stoicism, grand it; one so young. A black Government blanket with white border, leggings of buckskin, moccasins, feathers, bracelets, ear-rings and paint furnished dress for the heroic brave,

as lie stood undaunted, with liis enemies seated in a circle ajibul him. Before lie w'bulcE speak, the pipe of peace was brought out, and passing around the Circle he took a putt’ with each dingy entertainer. Then lie told them (as interpreted by the trader) that liis people would have peace with the braves of the Poncas; that bis people had wronged them in the past, when the sun liad gone to sleep and the moon had strayed behind the sky Bills; that the Sioux had stolen their ponies, and done many things, which called for revenge; would the Poncas forgive? would they receive back their ponies and permit “My Soul” (the speaker) to return to his people happier? Buring this speech, to which the circle of warriors grunted assent, there was a sight outside the circle that would furnish a picture for the painting of another Dante’s “ Inferno,” or something worse. The squaws of the tribe had seen the young Sioux, and remembering their dead papooses, killed by the last Sioux attack, they gathered in squads about the Indian peitce circle, and, giving issue to a neverceasing undulat ion of yells' and bewailing® that would outvie a legion of wildcats, they tore their hair, wrung their hands, pointing the while toward their naked and childless bosoms. No Indian chided the squaws, or even seemed to hear the noise which made, a pandemonium of the background. The speech of the Sioux chief was heard, and at liis own suggestion lie returned to the bill wliere'he first appeared, and brought up front the other side a half-dozen dirty natives, leading tlie fifteen or twenty ponies, stolen six weeks before, and handed them over to their rejoicing owners. Another smoke and “ My Soul” anil assistants hade adieu to the spot of their apparent magnanimity. What a wonderful representation was this little episode in the every-day life on tlie frontier of the loftiness of tire Indian character, to be sure! But when w e take into consideration tlie fact that, that selfsame night, u band of Sioux entered the camp and stole tlie whole of those ponies over again, besides tweiveor fifteen fUII- - horses,which the Government had feelingly supplied in c-pir.pensa'tion for tlie loss of ponies by the Sioux, wliat a representation if was of the unfathomable cunning of tlie sons of Japhct! '“'My Soul” was a spy sent to find out where the new horses were corraled.— Ilcniiniseenees of a Western Editor. — f

Hanging in Mid-Air.

Tin-: Brockville (Canada) Recorder gives the following account of the perilous position in which Squires, the aeronaut, was placed on Dominion day. At five o’clock p. m. the aeronaut attempted to ascend with liis balloon, the Atlantic. The starting point was Court House Square. The cargo in the basket consisted of three bags of sand weighing each about fifty pounds, a grappling-iron, to which was attached a strong rope, and Squires. All being in readiness orders were given to cast off. There was a hush, and tlie multitude grew silent as the unwieldy Atlantic, being freed, swayed backward and forward, and slowly rose from its resting-place to make another voyiige in the ethereal blue. A steady gale had been blow ing all day, but its strength was not apparent until the balloon struck the current of air above the liouse-tops; this reached, it swayed with the breeze and swept on at a rate of at least fifteen miles an hour. Its course was directly for the steeple of the W. M. Church. Tlie professor at once perceived the danger, and could have avoided it by throwing out a bag of ballast, -which -would hove given him snflftoient buoyancy to have passed over tlie steeple, but unfortunately -the square below was crowded with thousands,of spectators, and a bag.of sand thrown out would have crushed some person below. The sand was thrown out iu small quantities and the balloon swept upward anil onward, but unfortunately not swerving from its dangerous direction. It became apparent that the balloon would strike the spire, the watching, anxious, breathless multitude awaiting the shock with compressed lips and blanched cheeks. With a tremendous rush the Atlantic struck the apex of tin* spire anil in another instant parted in twain. At the same moment the basket containing the aeronaut crashed against the spire some twenty feet below. Seeing, as it were, instant death before him, Prof. Squires threw one hand forward to avert as far as possible the shock, at the same time allowing liis body to sway in the opposite direetjon. The crash of tlie collision sounded over tlie square, now silent as the grave. As the balloon collapsed anil tlie gas escaped it was seen thatihe netting had caught on the point of the spire. A moment of breathless suspense. Squires was not seen to move a muscle. A whisper ran round-dhe collision lias killed him! Then a slight movement, and the basket began to slip. It was evident that the netting was giving way. Women'grew wlijte with terror; brave men trembled. There, at a height of eighty feet above the earth, was a fellowbeing hanging by a few slender threads, above and around him tlie glittering steeple sheeted With tin, below the cold storm battlements of the-tower, on which to fall was instant death. A (muse, and the basket bail evidently been attested in its downward course. Squires was seen to grasp the netting; hope rose—lie might be saved. The moment hi* struck the spire there was a rush for ladders and ropes. Without number were the plans suggested to save liim from death. But at this moment brave men Were clambering up the inside of the grim church tower, determined to save a human life. A small window directly below the eaves of the tower opens directly beneath where tlie basket was suspended, hut unfortunately it was very contracted, and it did not seem possible for a man by any means to squeeze through the aperture. -But in a few seconds a man thrust his head through the window, and a board wqrs pushed out of tlie lower,portion of the opening, the end on the inside being held by men within. Then began a struggle; it was apparent that a man was endeavoring to crawl through the narrow hole out upon the board. The clothes were torn from liis person in the attempt, but inch by inch he gained, and at last was seated on tlie board directly below the bucket. The situation was one of great danger. Should the netting give way the basket in its descent would catch the daring man and hurl fiim, together with Squires, into eternity. At his appearance s there was a cheer that made the welkin ring again. The main rbody of the network had “caught on the northern side of the spire, only two or three small cords having passed around the other side, and these, when the basket slipped, became slack. The least motion on the part of Squires would have precipitated him upon the stone steps below. He spoke to Squires, who requested him to place his shoulder under the basket; this done Squires caught hold of a slight oval projection of the spire which offered a slight hold, and thus helped to support the basket. At this instant Mr. Stevenson appeared at an opening in the spire above Squires. The opening consists of a small trapdoor, and was not ‘ discovered for'S’some time. Stevenson came out u)ion the spire, reached down a hand, and firmly grasped the aeronaut and slowly drew him to a place of safety*. The suspense was over and Squires was saved.

FARM AND HOUSEHOLD.

—Minutt Pudding.—One quart of sweet milk, a little salt; let it come to a boil, then stir in good wheat flour; let it boil five minutes; keep stirring to prevent burning. For the sauce take a pint of new milk, piece of butter size of an egg, two tablespoonfuls sugar, a little nutmeg; make it hot but do not boil; eat vety soon. i —Sugar Cake—Half a-pound-of but’ ter, half a pound of sugar, one pound of flour, three eggs, and milk enough for a dough. Beat the butter and sugar together, whisk the eggs light and add them, stir in tfie milk and flour alternately so as to form a dough 801 l the dqugh out, cut in cakes, and bake in a moderate oven. —Snow Balls. —Beat the whites of ten eggs till very dry, then add very gradually one pound of pulverized sugar, and then add two or three drops of the essence of lemon. Have ready some white paper and with a spoon drop the mixture in balls upon the paper. Set them in a moderate oven and w hen tinged with brown take them out. —To Press Flowers. —Procure two boards 12x18 inches and a large lot of old newspapers folded and cut to the size of the boards. Lay upon the floor one of the boards and on it place two or three of the newspapers. Noiv lay on the plant to be pressed, add another newspaper and then the next plant, and so on t ill all the specimens in hand have been disposed of. Oh top of all place the other board, upon which place a weight of not less than sixty pounds. Tlie papers between the plants should be changed at least once a day? for fresh ones, so that tlie plants may dry as rapidly as possible. Care should be taken not to remove the plant from tlie press until it is thoroughly dry. It is more convenient, especially with tlie delicate plants, to place them in the press be-~ tween a single fold of soft brown wrapping paper, as tlie plant can be left in this fold till dry, anil the 'specimen may be transferred to fresh papers without danger or injury. Very fleshy, succulent plants can best be dried by immersing them in boiling water before putting them into the press. —Bheumade.—Wlien green currants and gooseberries and the ripe summer fruits come on, tlie rhubarb begins to be neglected. Often tlie large succulent stalks grow* and decay in tlie garden, which might be put to better use. A. new -and exeellentusc for them is in making a summer drink after the following fashion: Pull the stalks and dress them, and put to stew after the usual fashion. As soon as they begin to boil, drain off tlie water closely and put by the latter to cool. To this add an equal amount of water, if liked, and sweeten to the taste, and you will have a most refreshing, drink, quite as wholesome as the pieplant stems used in any other way. It is a veritable “ade,” not a wine, called after “ Rheum,” the genuine name of the plant,, and is pleasanter to many than lemonade. It may be improved by flavoring with pineapple juice. Tlic rhubarb left can liiivc as much water added as was taken away, and then when stewecl for sauce be as sour as most people care for, and it will besides not require so much sugar. It may also be canned for future use. — Exchange.

What Is a Defective Flue?

A correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial gives the following practical answer to tlie question : “ The question is often asked,'“ Wliat is a detective flue?’ It is a flue that has open, unplastered joints in the lirick’Wbvk through which flame or sparks can pass into the spaces between the floors and ceilings, or in “which soot can accumulate and take fire. If the joints in the bricks of the Hue are carefully covered with mortar, no joints built into or touching it, and no floor or wood-work allowed to come in contact with it, tlie owner of such a flue can retire to sleep with a mind at ease on that score. Safe flues in.houses built by contract are exceptions, as the contractor sublets to the bricklayer, and lie does not feel responsible to the owner, who gets a defective flue unless he stands by anil bosses the job. If be does not he must chance it. I have had some eight or ten flues built for ovens lieated to a white heat, but have always stood by to see that every joint was well closed, as the first flue 1 used fired the building. The last one I built was so dangerous—passing through aliay-loft—that, rather than trust it to others, l built it myself; and although it made the loft unbearably hot, I felt perfectly safe, and used it for three years constantly. Another cause of frequent fires is the careless use of matches. A porter in a store sent into a dark cellar or upper story goes with a lot of matches to strike while hunting what lie wants; the match is thrown down; if it goes out, good; if not, and there is straw, paper, shavings, moss or rags lying around loose, presto! there you have a spontaneous combustion. Always take a lantern, and let it be a globe lantern, fed with lard or sperm oil. In looking back through a business life in Cincinnati ot thirty years,, I find that fire originated eight times on my premises, all, however, got under without calling out the engines. Only once was 1 burned out, thanks to a neighbor: —Once, defectiveflue; twice, defective stove pipes; once, pan of hot aslfes left on the floor over night (servant girl); once, hot ashes in an out-houses (servant girl); once, wood coal spilled on a floor (servant girl)'; twice, matiches used and thrown on shavings.

Land-Leeches.

A traveler in Assam, Mr. T. T. Cooper, describes as follows the landleeches which abound in the forests of that country: “Of all the hardships and unpleasant sensations experienced in the Assam jungles none have left a more disagreeable recollection than the attacks, of land-leeches. Often on sitting down 1 could count a dozen of these little animals hurrying from all directions to their prey. In length they are about an inch, while their thickness docs not exceed that of an ordinary sewing needle. Their mode of progression is very curious. Fixing one extremity, by means of its bell-shaped sucker, firmly on a leaf or on the ground, the leech curves itself into an arch, and the other end is then advanced till the creature resembles a loop, again to expand into an arch, but the movement is quicker than words can describe; the rapidity with which they get over the ground is quite startling. As they occasionally rear themselves perpendicularly and sway about from side to side, taking a survey round them in quest of prey, the observer cannot fail to conceive a dread of thg blood-thirsty little creatures. I could never resist watching -them whenever I took a seat. At first they would hold themselves erect, then suddenly, as though they had just discovered my whereabouts, they would throw themselves forward, and with quick, eager strides make toward me. Another kind of leech found in Assam is the hair-leech, so‘ called from its great length and extreme tenuity. It lies in wait in the grass, and as animals feed enters their nostrils and fixes itself firmly in the interior, where it takes up permanent quarters, causing the poor beasts great irritation. It does not appear to attack human beings.” The Assam land-leech is not so dable a pest f however, as the horse-leech of Ceylon. According to Sir Emerspni, Tennent, the Ceylon land-leech: is about

an inch in length, and as fine as a common knitting needle, but capable of distension to the thickness of a quill, and a length of nearly two inches. It can insinuate itself through the meshes of the finest stocking. It is always ready to assail a passing traveler or quadruped. The coffee planters are obliged to wear “leech gaiters” of closely-woven cloth tor protection. “On every twig and grass blade,” says Wood, “ the landleeches sit, stretching out their long bodies toward the coming prey, and hastening after the traveler with direful speed Instinctively they make for the unprotected parts. They crawl rapidly up his clothes, they insinuate themselves into his neck, his coat sleeves and his boots ; and wherever a patch of bare skin can be .found there a small colony of leeches is sure to hang.”

Seed From Potato Balls.

The Cittuttia Farmer , in answer io a correspondent who asks for a proper method of saving potato seed from the balls so as to have it fit to sow, says that the method usually pursued is to wash the seed clean from the pulp, and then thoroughly dry them before sowing. “In the fall, the borries or apples of the old stock are hung in a warm room, and toward the end of winter the seed is washed outfdiritfd antrxfresCTved 111 ardry place, in cloth or paper bags, until sowing time. Some prefer taking the ball or apple when perfectly ripe, drying it, and disengaging the seed by rubbing it out with the hand. When this course is taken, the seed is preserved in bags, in a dry plaee. unlil springV precisely as is done on the other method.” As to the augmenting of new varieties the Same journal adds: “It requires no small patience and judgment to originate a potato really worth cultivating Success most not be too readily taken for granted. A variety should be thoroughly tested before its excellencies are blazoned forth in advertisements. Anyone who undertakes to experiment in this line of things will arrive at appreciation- and admiration of the persevering labors of others who have given choice varieties of potatoes to the world before lie will achieve distinction in this direction himself. We do not say this to discourage endeavors by any means, but simply to suggest to experimenters the wisdom and propriety of counting the cost of the undertaking. What man lias done man can do, and just as therc are as good fish in [lie sea as ever came out of it, so assuredly there are as good potatoes to be originated in the future as ever have been in the past, and possibly boiler.” — r? —: —

Pianos and Organs in Chicago

have boon sold ever since the panic at a verygreat reduction in prices. Heed's Temple of Music is recommended as the largest in the city and very reliable to deal with. They arc at No. !>3 Vaii Buren st. —Simmer's death cost Massachusetts $40,000, and the expenditures were made on such an account that men feci delicate about questioning them. “ The leaves were, far the. healing of the nations.' A Vulunb e Medical fieri). By R. V. PIERCE, M. D,, of the World's Dispensary, Buffalo,-N. Y. Smart-Weed, sometimes called Water Peper, blit known by Botanists as Ptfogonum Punctaium , is a well-known, very common and modest little plant found growing in ditches, -lew -grounds, among rubbish and about brooks and water courses, flowering in August and September. In.many sections of this country it is a deservedly highly esteemed family remedy. The Indians also make great use of this plant, for the cure of various diseases. But neither the Indians nor the whites learned one-tenth of the value of this modest little weed, us they had no method of extracting Us virtues without the, application of heat, which destroys most of its properties, and usually made a tea from tiie dried herb that had been kept on hand for a long time until it had lost most of its medical properties. No educated Chemist had ever tried to make an analysis of the -plant and produce an extract from it upon scientific principles by a cold process until I, having become convinced of the wonderful medical virtues of this little weed, investigated its properties and made an extract from the fresh herb by a cold process—using no heat at all, but bringing out its juices, oils and volatile properties complete and unimpaired. If tills remedy had heretofore been valuable wlieii prepared in the most crude manner, from the long-dried herb and by the application of heat, that destroyed so much of its virtues, I reasoned that it must, when properly prepared .by a cold process and from the freshly-dried herb, prove a wonderfully efficacious and potent remedy for human suffering. And I can assure the people, upon my honor as a professional man, that in its use, since thus preparing it, my most'sanguine expectations have been more than realized. I have found it to contain medicinal properties which steeping ill water could not bring out at all, as they are resinous principles.' With my Extract, containing ail these mcdrea4 properties unimpaired, I have been enabled to produce most astonishing remedial effects. By much study, a large experience in prescribing this and other medicines, and very close observation, ] have been enabled to compound and combine with the simple Extract of Smart-Weed extracts of other medicinal herbs and roots that greatly improve its power and usefulness both as aii internal and external remedy—besides they_sn flavor and modify it as to remove its pungent, smnrtv taste and render it a pleasant remedy for both adults and children. The greatest difficulty that.l experience in the way of introducing this most valuable remedy-to the public is the fact that Smart-Weed is such n imn mon and unpretending-looking little Irerh' that people are apt to think that it enfiiiot possess any great or valuable medical properties. Had I prepared my Extract of SmartWeed, put it up and labeled it with ’some great name, and told the people that the herbs of which it was composed were collected in Africa by the Aiabs, carried across Hie Saharah Desert on the backs of camels, and brought across the Atlantic Ocean for my : special use, and that its ingredients were therefore very expensive, I have no doubt that some would have been thereby‘inspired with greater confidence in it. But i prefer to deal honestly with the people and fell them that the chief ingredient of my Compound Extract is- the modest little plant seen growing by the roadside in all parts of North America, and known as Stuart-Weed. I believe that God has caused to grow, in each climate and region, those medicinal plants best calculated for the cure of the diseases that prevail in the section of country where those plants are found—that “ the leaves Were for the healing of the nations,” and that the fewer far-fetched remedies .we employ the better, if we would thoroughly investigate and understand those we have at home. So far as Smart-Weed lias been employed by the medical profession it has won golden opinions, notwithstanding the fact that heretofore they have had only a very imperfect preparation of it to use, owing to heat being always employed in extracting its properties. A celebrated medical author says: “ A friend of ours had an only child dangerously ill with Summcr Complaint. He" had employed a great variety of the usual means for relief, but all appeared unavailing. The child wag finally given Smart-Weed and it was entirely successful. It arrested the vomiting and purging in a short time and without the aid of other medicine entirely restored the little patient.” As a remedy for Dysentery (or Bloody Flux) I have never seen toy extract of Smart-Weed equaled* yet I have used all the most modern aud improved tnedicines usually employed in that disease. The Smart-Weed is rendered still more efficacious in all Bowel Complaints, Cramps artd Pains in the Stomach by reason of the Jamaica Ginger which with other valuable ingredients, is compounded with the Smart-Weed m making toy Extract—lienee •the name Compound Extract of Smart-Weed. The Ginger and other ingredients not only add greatly to the value or the Smart-Weed as a remedy for internal administration and render it more pleasant to take, by imparting an agreeable flavor to it, but also enhance its value as an external application. In all cases of Diarrhea, whether acute or chronic, in Young or old, as well as in cholera and Cholera Infantum, the symptoms .of which are 6cvere v vomitlffg and purging, feeble pulse, with cold ot£ clammy skin, my Extract of

Smart-Weed will give almost immediate relief and speedily effect a cure. All authors writing upon Smart-Weed speak particularly about a dose of it producing a warmth and peculiar tingling sensation throughout the system. This is especially the case when my Extract is given, and indicates a perfect arousing of the whole system, ns it from inaction mid sleep, and resembles a shock of electricity, only tliat it is more lasting in effect. The' whole system and its various functions are aroused to perform theif normal functions by its electrical effect upon -the nervous system. lienee, too, its great and masterly control over Rheumatic and Neuralgic Affections, for which it is particularly advised by medical authors and in which it lias performed remarkable cures. It should be used in these eases both externally and internally. Being a great Diaphoretic, or Sweating Medicine, aids greatly in relieving pain," but, independently of that, it possesses great anodyne or soothing properties, that render it far ahead of any “Rain Killer” (so called),“lnstant Relief,”’ “Goldeti RelrOf;” or any other pain remedy that has ever been offered to the public. Besides, it is perfectly harmless, which Is not the case With many of the preparations patented and put up for sale by Quacks, “ Indian Doetots,” and those knowing nothing of the delicate and intricate structure of the human system, nor the action of mcdiciiiesupon it. My Extract of Smart-Weed is not a secret Patent Medicine, no patent having been asked for or obtained upon it, and its ingredients are no secret—all that I claim is that, as an educated and skilled analytical and practical Chemist,. I have devised a superior process for bringing out and obtaining the most valuable properties of the plants from which my Compound Extract is made. This I have done only after great expense in crectingmachincrv for grinding, pressing and percolating. 1 wish particularly to call public attention to my Extract of Smart-Weed as a remedy for all Colds, Febrile and Inflammatory Attacks, Nor can I too highly extol it as a remedy for Inflammation of the Kidneys and Bladder, Gravel, anil to. break up the cold stage of Fever and Ague or Chills and Fever. As an external application it is a perfect Panacea, if there ever was one. No family can afford to be 011 c day without it in the house. Besides, it. is equally as good for the horse as for mail. It subdues Inflammation of all kjnds.‘ Used as a gargle and applied freely externally to the throat, it is a sovereign remedy in Diphtheria and Quinsy or Inflammation of the Tonsil Glands. To all Wounds, Bruises, Sprains, Burns, Bee Stings, Insect and Snake Bites, Frost Bites, Chilblains, Caked Breast, Swollen Glands, Rheumatism, and, in short, to any and all ailments, whether alfiieting mao or beast, requiring a direct external application, either to allay inflammation or soothe pain, or both,'Extract of Smart-AVeed cannot be excelled. Ido not extol this medicine as a cure-all, nor is it necessary to mention all the diseases wherein it will he found to effect cures, as I have said enough to iiidicatc its properties, and the.intelligent will at once see wherein its use may properly he extended. Recollect it is Sold under -a positive guarantee. If, after using two-thirds of I lie contents of the bottle, you are not satisfied .With it, return the bottle to mo and your money will be promptly refunded. Allow me to say, in conclusion, that my Compound Extract of Smart-Weed is a safe remedy ill all eases, which cannot be said of many medicines put up for sale to the people. So harmless is it that it may he given in small (loses of f> to if) drops in milk to Infants for Colic, and will be, far more effective and much safer than any “ Soothing Syrup” or" Cordial” ever put up, and will not injure the child as they do. My Extract of Smart-Weed is now sold by most druggists, both, in this and many foreign countries. Wn.noFT’s Anti-Phuiopic on Fever and Ague Tonic.— I This invaluable and standard family medicine is now a household word and maintains its reputation unimpaired. Jt is indorsed by the medical profession, and prescribed daily in the Charity Hospital and other Hospitals in New Orleans. Wi I boll’s Tonic is thus highly recommended by the leading medical men of the country, and is worthy of swell indorsement. Wiieei.ock, Fini, ay & Co., Proprietors, NewAtrleans. Foil SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS. Don’t put up with poor washing. A linen collar will only last one day in this hot weather, and will not keep its shape even that Jong. The Elmwood Collar never loses its shape and always looks well. The Northwestern Horse Nail Co.'s “ Finished ” Nail is the best in the world.

Thirty Venrs’ Experience of an Old Nurse. Mbs. XVinslow’b Sootoixo Stritp is the prescription of one of the best Female Physicians and Nurses in the United States, and lias been used for tblrty years with never-falling sa'fcty and success by millions of mothers and children, from the feeble Infant of one week-old to the adult. It corrects acidity of the stomach, relieves wind colic, regulates the bowels, and gives rest, health, and comfort, to mother and child. We believe it to bo the Best and Surest Ilemrdylnthe World In all eases of DYSENTERY and DIARRHCEA IN CHILDREN, whether It arises from Teething or from any other cause. Full directions for using will accompany each bottle. None Genuine unless the fac-slmile of CURTIS & PERKINS Is on the outßide wrapper. Sold by all Mbdicin* Dealiks Children Often Look Pule and Sick From no other cause than having worms In tho storesch. BROWN’S VERMIFUGE COMFITS will destroy Worms without Injury to tho child, being perfectly white, and free from all coloring or other Injurious ingredients usually used in worm prepara tious. CCTITIS & BROWN, Proprietors, No. ais Fulton street, Now York Sold by Druggists and Chemists, and Dealers tn Medicines, at Twenty-five Cents a Box. Reanimating the Hair.—When tiro hair cease, to draw from the scalp the natural lubricant which Is Its sustenance, Its vitality Is, as it were, suspended, and, If not promptly attended to, baldness will be the certain result. The one sure method of avoiding such an unpleasant catastrophe Is to, use I.ton’s Kathairon, which, when well rubbed Into the scalp, will speedily reanimate the lialr and prevent It from falling out. The Secret of Captivation.—Features of Grecian mould, a wen-turned neck and hcantifullyrounded arms, are no doubt very nice things to have, and ladies who possess these charms have reason to he thankful to MotherXaturc yet, after all, the most captivating of all womanly charms Is a pure, fresh and brilliant complexion. This superlative fascination any lady may secure by ÜBfng Hagan's Magnolia Balh. The Grand Revolution in Medical Treatment which was commenced in 18C0 is still In progress. Nothing can stop It, for It is founded on the principle, now universally acknowledged, that physical vigor Is the most formidable antagonist of all hn< man ailments, and experience has shown that Plantation Bitter. Is a peerlees lnvlgorant, as well as the best possible safeguard against epidemic diseases. Ye Old Mexican Mustang Llitlmcnt lias produced more cures of rheumatism, neuralgia, sprains, scalds, burns, salt rheum, sore nipples, swelling, lameness, chapped hands, poisonous bites, stings, bruises, etc., etc., on men, women aud children; and sprains, strains, galls, stiff joints, Inflammattai, etc., In beasts, than all other liniments put togeffier. It will do what is promised or ye money refunded. gy Abtoma <Sn be cured. Eee Hunt’s advertisement. s

WHEN WRITING TO AJJVKRTJHEKB ” please say yon aw the adverthement in this pager THE BREVIER From which these nages are printed, was made tiy BARNHART BROS. Ac SPINDLF.R, Great Western Tyne Foundry, 1(15 to 100 Madison Street, Chicago) 111. To Hillers and Engine Owners. To nearly donbleyour steam power and save fuel »lao, address J. F. TALLANtTßurlington, lowa. (JSOfT PER DAY Commission orSBO a week SaliipZnJ ary, and expenses. Wooflter It and will pay It Apply now, G. Webber to Co.. Marion, o. A GENTS WANTED, Men or Women.. fit a A week or *MO forfeited. The Secret Free. ‘Wrtto at once to COWEN A CO-, Eighth street, New York." toss p toQfh per day at home. Terms Free. Address «pO h ©lily LEO. Stinson A Co., PortUntLMaine. toW K A RONTH SAURY to good Ape*' Sf.mf «P * O stamp for terms. Stae Notelty Co., Chicago.

HOUSEHOLD. W, 'F WUI Vou Sufferl PANACEA To W! persons suffering iND from Rheumatism, Neuralgia, FAMILY Cramps in the limbs or stomach, Iblioiaj Colic, Pain in the LINIMENT, |,ack, t) 0We l8 or side, -vc would ____ say Tub HotjsjuipiD Panacea and Family Liniment Is of ull HOUSEHOLD others ithe remedy you want for IntcrnhV and externa', use. It has Cured tho above comAND _ _ „ plaints in thousands of cases. FAMILY , , , ~ * T icre Is no mistake about it. LINIMENT. I Try It. Sold by ail Druggists. WATERS’ CONCERTO ORfiANS best e'er placed in any organ. It tsproduced by an extra set of reeds, peculiarly-voiced, tie BFFHCT of ictuoh to MOST-CHARMING ami SOCL-STIttRI YG, lohite. Us IMITATION Of the HUMAN VOICE to SUPERB. Terms liberal. , _ andO, in Unique French Cases, art tunoiw the. best made, and combine PURITY of VOICING with great volume o/ tone. Suitable for PARJUOR, CHURCH or MUSIC HALL. WATERS* New Seal© PIANOS have great power ff/maJlne sinffiiu tone, with all modern improvements, anti art the 11 EST PI A NOS MADE. These Organsami Pin nos aiie warranted for 6 years, PRICES EXTREMELY LOiV/or casli, or part, cash evil Imlaifcc in monthly or quarterly payments. Second-hand instrument* taken in exchange. AGENTS WAXTEpin everyCountyinlhe U* R. «na Canada. A liberal discount to Teachers. Mirmte Churches. School*, Lodges, etc. ILLMTMA TKD CAT A L O (,UJES mailed. , HORACE WATERS & SON, ASlßroadway, New York. P, O. Box 3367, Pnneiaal as a Timepiece.—Unless tlie howels <lq their duty wi tithe regularity of clockwork, porfe jt health is impossible. Therefore, when disoriui etl control them immediately with Tarrant’s Effervescent Seltzer Aperient, ttm most genial balsamic and effective laxative a'ml alterative known to the medical profession. Sold by druggists.

Your druggist can fur* Irm. nl t h you with thls Ague •&J&.JS. V/93 Medicine and a box of This REM- TN pills F>DY is sold: Ii'AHT/kM ALL for by the propri-'JL d One Dollar, etors with a warrant nra • -spsu&isjesa Tome You risk nothing by trying it, even if it fail is. Kress Manufacturing Co., Cincinnati, O. BORSSSSsKE Rchiittent Fovcr, 1 w w mrT^n is found ill Kress Fever I *1 I | J) |0“ Tonic. It contains no p'ois* I I I I isaonous ingredient, and oures V. xj JLUJLIAgue by canceling the Ague ' ! Poison in the BLOOD and ejecting it from the system. Box of Pills with each bpttie—CUßES GUARANTEED bv Kress Manufacturing Co., Cincinnati, O.

llwjik3 Csmpsay - - For aiytMng wanted in the Machinery Use, adiiew them at HAMILTON, OHIO, or ST. LOUIS, MO. Inquirers please mention where they saw thin. "jjT" a-. ovm 500,000 sue ECU* ME Have been Used since Jan. Ist, 1871. A sufficient guarantee of their usefulness. Theyaro warranted to prevent chatiDij and to euro any .ordihary CALLED NEUK 61. HOUSES or Mules, If Printed Directions are followed. Have also a Zinc Gig-Saddle Pad, the.fc prevents chaffing on the back, and a Lrad Jiiiu d Collar Sweat Pad, to protect the shoulder from galls. All of which are for sale by harness makers , throughout the United States and Canada. Manufactured by ZINC COJLI.AB Fvn CQ,. BUCU ANAN. MIC H. RICH FARMING LANDS lit NEBRASKA. Now For Sale Very Cheap. Ten Years’ Credit, Interest Only 0 Per Cent, '■©end for “the Pioneer,” Ahaudsdtne Illustrated paper, containing the HoSn?« stead Law, a NEW NU-MiIKU just published, mailed free to all parts of the \v6rld. Address O. P. DAVIS, LamK'ommh.sioner ft. P. ft. Omaha, Neb. ©ASTHMA. . Pophrtm’s Asthma Specific. by your Asthma Spccitic, mid believe Its continued use will cur©, Isaac M. Hart, Newton, la. * PorSHls.by DruftfUts. H l*«r TKIAL n PACKAGE FREE. The ldifeT rjiiii©iiiur©igif 111 J 3 nnd Publi< |M B I*l J 1 SI ui I 13 b 1 Service* of! Ililillil mA 111111113 Etlwwrtis*LesTei*. This tv'ork has been, some years in prepQjajion, inoflt?of the matter having been furnished by Mr.smnnerlilmself. Contains6oo pages, an elegant steel por.tr.art and numerous ilu>tnitlons. Is now remly far immediate delivery. AGENTS W ANTED in every t town. ’ Bold only by sn hscrlptlou. OSGOOD & ca, 4 South Clark St. f Chicago, 111. 1W STYLE OF MAPS. JlnpSof tbn tfnlted Plates po arranged ns to giro tlie imrrtumrr n imfirflf any of tins Western Plates lie limy ■» isli to neconiimiiy it onßie name sheet. Jis ncatneps And origtnaTUr of Hiylc’render it a marked '•.i t J3U C lark Street, Chkugn. DWTASTHMA Immediate relief guaranteed by tyingmy Asilima remI suffered 12 years, notlying down for weeks at,* timo, wit am now MMntttbY oilitEu. Sent by mnil on XirAXTSiB— Agents for CHARLES SUMNER, N. LJkuiks, Bidran Gilbert Haven, and ♦m. M. Corn ml, 1.1.. J)., wlin enlogtw of Carl P<lmr/. C-vo. AV. ( lirlis, and others. Kxqlusive territory; Su conij>elitton. Address J. 11. K.YIfLR i'nbl’r, Boston. APCMTC tor tiik“ AUCn I w ITndoyeloprd West. ft Is . wrinfferfli! and spiey botdf. *0 ebgravlngs. Send forajerimem I.agesnnd eirnulws,, with terms. kaYional rriii-tPinxc t:o., i hire go. in. All D *' I,)I)IPs’ Kbiknd” contains 7.rtlclea If UR aevdeo by every L»dy—l'.teut »edle Threader, Peipsbrs, TblmbVe, &c.—giuar- .. m ... nnteed wotth tl.tO. Samidc Box,by mall. M r W o* l cents. Agents wanted. PLUMB & "*• ,f L<)., iw s. kUinrect. FbilodHpMa. l‘a. r AQEMTS 9 COMBINATIONS. ®“ANp BIBLE CO.VBIXATIOX;COMBSTNATION BOOK LIST ; Map Ciiar* and linage Combination. Goodepeed’a EmpfreFublUhlnkVottae, Chicago. W.H.NIGOLS A «o.,^?Sa!K* and dealers In Jlaodlea, Toekiers, and attaehments for a ldouble-tbrendSewingMachtnea. Sampled.*, needle* sent to any postomceaddress on rcceiptof 30 eta. <&7Q EACH WEEK. AgehtairMlted. Parttcuqp 4 u Sra frtQi J. Wobtu & Co.. StTLouis. Wo A.N.K, . V' 1 ' 4«> F X rrais FAPKR M printed with IKK inintuau: u-ej L by Q. B KANE A CO.. I'll Benrbqni Rt..Cblca«o For a Web A. N Kxlloqh 17 JajkaOTSt... CSix-jig.