Rensselaer Union, Volume 5, Number 43, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 17 July 1873 — Grinding Edge-Tools. [ARTICLE]

Grinding Edge-Tools.

Edge-toot.s are fitted up by grinding, very much as a plank would be reduced in thickness were a large plane employed, in which were set a hundred or more very small gouges, each cutting a narrow groove. The sharp grit of the grindstone being harder tliaii the iron or steel, cuts very small channels in the surface of the metal, and the revolving disc carries away all the minute particles that are de•taclicd by the .grit. If we were to examine the surface of a tool that lias just been removed from a grindstone, under the microscope, it would appear, as it were, like the rough surface of a field which has recently been scarified with some-implement which formed alternate ridges and furrows. Hence, as these ridges and furrows run together from both sides, at the cutting edge, the newlyground edge seems to he formed of a system of minute teeth, rather than to consist of a smooth qdge. For this reason, a tool is first ground on a coarse .stone, so as to wear die surface of the steel away rapidly; then it is polished on a wheel of much finer grit, and finally, in order to reduce the serration as much as possible, a whetstone of the finest grit must be employed. This gives a cutting edge having the smallest possible serration. A razor, for example, does, not have a perfect cutting edge, as one may perceive by viewing it through a microscope. And yet the serrations are actually so much smaller than the human hair that the minute teeth cut the liair in twain; hut when the serrations on the edge of tiic razor become So battered up and dull that they will not sever a hair, or cut a man’s beard off, the edge must be honed and strapped until the system of minute teeth will be so much smaller than a hair that several of them will take’hold of the smallest hair at once. These suggestions will furnish something of an idea of the operation in grinding andewhetting edge-tools.

Beginners are sometimes instructed, when grinding edge-tools, to have the stone revolve toward the cutting edge, and sometimes from it. When the first grinding is being done, it is a matter of indifference whether this is done or not; but when the finishing touches are applied near and at the very edge, a grinder can always complete his task with more accuracy if the periphery of the grindstone revolves toward the cutting edge, as the steel that is worn away will be removed more easily; whereas, when a stone runs in the opposite direction, the grfuder cannot always tell exactly when the side of the tool is fully ground up to the edge. This is more especially true, when the steel has a low or soft temper. The stone, when running from the edge, will not sweep awav every particle of. the metal that bangs as a | feather;” bu,t when the stone revolves toward the edge, there will be no “ feathered edge ” to deceive the eye of the grinder. —Pacific Rural Press. —Graham Cake.—To one quart of Graham or bran flour add- one tablespoonful of salt, five tablespoonfuls of molasses, two tablespoonfuls of yeast, or a small yeast cake; stir as thick as pound cake. Let it stand over night if wanted for breakfast. Wheh ready to bake, add a well-beaten' egg and a teaspoonful of soda. Bake in cups half an hour. They are excellent.— Germantown Telegraph. Something that Takes.—The three-fold combination agency for Belling “ Wealth and Wonders of (Re Boundless West." There is much sure money in it. Bee advertisement.