Rensselaer Union, Volume 2, Number 52, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 22 September 1870 — Page 4

Speech of Vice-President Colfax.

At Booth Bond, lad., on the 10th, VltoPnaMent Oolfkx delivered a very able and •xhaastiv* speech on the political brass of the day, Sou which we < Atrsct aafollow*: . IU After atating the p'edges madaby the Republican party to the country, he proeeeda to show how thoroughly and hon•■By thoae promlaes hare been ao far fulfilled. Concerning Democratic extmvaganoe, aa compared with Republican eoonotny, he ear*: We are told by our political opponents that tlh Democratic pirtf mult be Ttr stored to pbtrer In order to hare retrenchment and reform In every branch of the Government, and to haveluatico and protection ft*r all citizens. We have two Illustrations of the results of Democratic rule, and Its effect In achieving theac desirable enda. Mr. Buchanan’s administrawith its Immense Democratic majority, Its undisguised corruptions, 1U flagrant expenditures, its oppressive and increasing taxation, its numberless and unpunished murders and outrages, is the other Illustration. In these two, behol4,.the enhßTtaimnwn to whioh our opponent* In the last Democratic administration we have their model of national rule. Com 39>f5^araW l stei not yet doe, of but $39,000,000, yet by the 1, 1859, had increased to $41,000,000. Another year passes by, and on July 1, 1359, the debt (and all this increase was in time of peace) had swollen to $58,000,000. Another year increased it to $85,000,000, and when our last Democratic President surrendered the White House to his successor, he gave with it a debt of nearly $70,000,000 aa a legacy, and a shattered credit that had been paying at tka rate of twelve per cent, interest per year for small loans to pay current expenses. The expenditures, too, of that administration, at gold rates, and before the enh&ncerneit of pflees of supplies, labor, etc., caused by the war, were, during its four years, $83,000 000, $83,000 000. $77,000,000, and $85,000,000, respectively, an average of $82,000,000 per yeari Deducting $14,00 0,000 as the average appropriation then for postal service (from $3,600,000 to $6,000,000 of which were paid out of 4he Treasury, and the rest paid by postages), $9750,000 per year as the average of interest on the public debt if created, and sl,000,000 yearly for pensions and exjtenses of Pension Office, and it leaves an average of over $64,000000 in gold fotCbe ordinary current expenses of adminiireering a Government for a population averaging during his term about 29,000,000 of people, or about two dollars and a quarter apiece ingM. Let us now look at the appropriations for the service of the present fiscal year, exclusive of sb» interest on the -national debt, made Vy -a Repwbltoan Congress lor a Republican administration, and a population of over 40,000,000. They are as follows: Lecislstlvc, Executive, and Judtctal J 37.551.594 60 Deficiency.... 4.443.962.13 Comenltr and Dtyknnstto.;..SA.. V l.ftas-WT(m Poet Office 9fi,928,fti»3 03 Amy 2!i,3a0,rm.39 Kortaflcaiior.a. 1.21U.Y5P.0U River* And harbors 3,995,000.00 Pensions...' 30/00,0 71 (10 Military Academy 814;S‘«90 Navy 18.ft9s/oft M Indians : fi.fW.ssl 30 Saudry eivlk expenditure* 13,383/73.64 Supreme ntal deSciency, 1871.... *. 1,9*9,(150.75 Miscellaneous Hem 5................ -8,151,163.13 Total... $157,851,131.64 Polio wing the deductions I have male from Mi Buchanan’s Democratic expenses, we have fitAtatake off the $30,000,090 for pensions, stud $422,000 expenses of Pension Office, a direct result of the war against the nation, which, I need scarcely say, was not inaugurated by Republicans Next the Post Office appropriation* which I aeducted-from the Democratic expenditures, but which, as the department informed us recently, will be almost, if not entirely, reimbursed this year by postages. No River and Harbor bill was passed under Buchanan’s administration, and, in any Mr comparison, that too, must be deducted. The Internal Revenue system was a necessity growing out of the war and its debt, and its total appropriations, including printing of Treasury notes, is $8,335,000. The Patent Office, until within a year or so, paid its own expenses out of its receipts, without appropriation by Congress. Now, as the constitution doubtless intended, it 3 receipts go into the Treasury, and $560,000 were appropriated out of these receipts for its expenses, an fterh unknown under theold system. Baying nothing of other “deficiencies” in the six and a half millions to be found in the above list, $885,000 were appropriated to pay up balances of reconstruction expenses, growing, of course, out Of the war. For the present census $1,800,000 were appropriated for this purpose, which helped to swell that year’s aggregate to $85,000,000. - As I have averagPiTull his expenditures amongst four years, making but $250,000 per year for the census service of 1860, averaging the presebt census appropriation for General Grant’s term would make but $300,000 properly chargeable to each year, in the contrast between the two administrations. For the maintenance and improvement of our National Cemeteries, mainly in the Bouth where our dead soldiers are buried, $300,000 were appropriated by the law of July 15,1870, certainly a war item. The appropriations adjudged against the United States by international commissions—s47s,ooo to the Hudson’s Bay Company in full for a vastly larger claim pending since the Oregon treaty, and $57,000 to the foreign Government of Peru in the Mcmtaubah case, are not items of “current, ordinary, annual expenses,” nor was General Grant responsible for either of them. The three millions appropriated for Poet Offices in New York ana Boston, and the Mint building al Saa Francisco, were forced on the country by the utter inadequacy of the present buildings, and are to r permanent structures, not to be annually renewed or paj,d for. And so slso were the $1,976,000 fpprepriated for new buildings, or improvements on those already built, for Custom Hants, Postal, asfd Revenue offices at the State Capitols and larger cities, such as Si Chpriestqq, Mobile, Baniniqrt, llachiiKmd, Savannah, and Petersburg, in the Boutn; and Chicago, Cairo,. St Paul, Portland, Des Moines, Bangor, a^dOntaht, Deducting these items, as not properly included icii the “current, ordinary, annual expends of administering the government," but without deducting the millions of deficiencies in above list of appropriations, more properly chargeable to the lxst fitcal year than this, and there is left out eighty fliUions of dollars for over forty muluma of people, an average of bu* $2 each in paper, and at our present prices, as compared with the $2.25 each in f Sid and at the low prices ruling before s war, which was the coat of our last . Democratic administration. Other deduction* might properly havebeen made, socks* $300,0C0 for the coast survey of Alaska, $70,000 for the one and a half yeses’/alary of the nine sew Circuit Judge*, rendered necessary, in the opinion of all parties, by the vsst increaoe of finpcMK Court business—s3o,ooo far the ship canal survey at Tehuantepec—ssls,000 foMbtogSjT from the4a*t administra Am of the Garlics claim-—sloo,ooo exof theJfteasury^ abandoned property, cotton, etc.—a m'l-

lion and a quarter for strengthening our fortifications at the most Important points —the increaee in Indian appropriations from two or three millions to six, from the constantly increasing pressprs of the settlements end the absolute necessity tu feeding the destitute, whose hunting grounds have been destroyed by railroad* or emigration, and the many mil ions cf increase in our army expenses, from the two thousand miles of frontier aid greater population it has to protect, and the increase in the pay of the soldier since 1864, to $lO per menth, with proportionate increase in pay of officers, due to the increased cost of living. lam glad, however, to state that the reduction, in the number of e Ulcers and soldiers now going on by law, will reduce our army expenses some’ four millions after this year. I have not made these latter deductions in the contrast I have drawn pf the cxrmses of the two administrations, because wished to include in that only the indisputable ; but adding these, as could justly be done, to the others, it would reduce the national expenses, properly chargcab]e to the present administration, to $1.75 each-ln paper, or about $1 50 in gold, for our forty millions of people, as compared with the $2.25 each in gold, in far cheaper times, or the last administration the Democratic party favored this nation with. I doubt whether the people will rush to their arms this fall, or embrace thcirrandidat.es, or seek to moor their ship of State in such a haven of Democratic reform 1

I have not been aUe to obtain the aggregate amount of expenditures of the Democracy ruled city of New York for a later fiscal year than 1807. Bui, in that ypsr, the cost of governing the one million of people in that city, including pay of officers, police, interest on debt, and State .taxes, but without any army or navy, or pew ten list, or Indians (except the Tammany chiefs) to provide for, was $23,230,;295, not quite twenty-fonr millions of dollars. I trust, if these chiefs are ever to obtain power, they will not expect to pay out. for governing forty millions'of people, at the anno proportion it costs them to govern or, e million in New York city, which would aggregate nine hundred and axty millions per year. But, without charging that they woul*', I submit that before they cm expect the people to credit their pledges of retrenchment and reform, they should give.us some specimens of its working In that overwhelmingly Democratic etty of rtfeirs. IVhen Mr. Dawes left Washington la t March to speak fin New Hampshire, President said to" him, “Tell* the people of New Hampshire that, during my administration, there shall be no ascending scale of public, exranditurcs, but wherever and whenever .the closest scrutiny abaft dilclosct the possibility of cutting off a dollar it shall be done.” ..Our President, though maligned by those Opposed to you, and by those who did not love him through the war, and do not love him yet, when elevated hy a great people to a chief magistracy of the ration, has redeemed that pledge to the letter. Let the following figures of government expenses show how it has been done. For the*fl«cal yesr ending June 30,1868. (President Johnson’s last full year.) $377,000,000. For the year ending June 80,1869, (eight months Johnson and four months Giant), $341,000,000. For tho year ending June SO, 1870, (all Grant’s), $292,000,000. All these include interest on tho public debt. Appropriations fer year ending June 80, 1871, $158,030,000. Add interest on reduced debt, whioh last year was $128,000,000, but will not now reach $118,000,000 for the year. Total $276,000,000, or one hundred millions less than Johnson’s last fall year. This retrenchment can be shown even more clearly by the following official figures from the Treasury Department: Total expenditures, not including interest, sot 18 montli3, tmm 6.pt. 1,1867, lOjMarch 1, 1869 (Johnson’s) $328 765.659 ; frflin March L 1869, to Sept. 1,1870 (Grant's), $245 912,629. Decrease of expenditure *, $82,853,060. During Johnson’s last 18 months, he paid of interest on our debt $211,221,916. . During. Grant’s first 18 months, he paid of interest $193 421.155 Reduction of interest, sl7 800 561. Total dccr- ate in 13 months, $100,■653,621.

While we denounced, in our national phtiorm, every proposition that savored of repudiation, direct cr indirect, vre declared also, a 3 already stated, that the rate of interest on our debt should be reduced whenever it could bo hbkofra* ly done. But for the constant denunciation ol the bonds and bondholders, the threats by many of oar leading opponents that our obligations should be scaled down to what we receive t for them id our hours of emergency, when Democratic National Conventions were resolving that the war was a failure and Democratic national leaders were predicting that our currency and our bonds would both become equally worthless and the other threats that they should be heavily taxed or wiped out with a sponge, Congress could long since have funded our debt at a lower rate cf interest, and thus been enabled largely to reduce its burdens on the people. But with a powerful party, struggling for (national ascendency, and with such declarations in their mouths, our credit improved more 6lowly than if we could hare shown a united people, as jealous of our national honor and our national obligations as are all the people of Great Brßaiq, of. all parties, in regard to their debt. And thus, since the war, as during the war, our opponents have proved themselves a terribly expensive organization to the nation. Lest I may be charged with stating this point too strongly, I quote, as one ot the many proofs of its correctness that could be given, the following editorial remarks of the Cincinnati Enquirer, the leading organ of the Democratic party of Ohio, and, indeed, jjf the Northwest, printed only last June.: “ The Democracy ot Ohio are now divided, and only divided upon the point whether any portion of the drtu should ha paid at all. A large and perhaps a controlling e.c ion cf the party,' lute and in the Wert, aie for open and urcl-Rnisea repudiation Another division adheres to the old views, and favore the payment with greenbacks worth w hat they wrerewbtn the debt was taken. The diversity of sentiment was such that It was not thought advisable to make any distinct declaration ai tbla lime.” And this; paper did not misrepresent the ffeelings ot, a large portion of the Ohio Democracy. I quote further the following resolution adopted unanimously in the same. nmnth of this very year lay the Mercer County, Ohio, Democratic Convention: “71<solv*l, That the so-called war debt is. a fraud and a swindle, and was created under fa be pretences and in violaUpii of the consthudon; we are. therefore, nneompromis'.iiL'ly In favor of icpedialing the whole of the bunded war debt of the Uniaud (states.” **** * * . * The platform cf ISG3 pledged the Republicaujorganfaation to a-t 1 radical reform of the shameful corruptions" of the last administration, and that taxation should be equalized and reduced as rapidly as the national faith would permit. This was no idle pledge on which to obtain power, but has been redeemed to the letter In this connection, allow me to read the following charge against the administration from an editorial of the Indianapolis fkntinel of August 13, the leading paper of the Democratic paity in this State. It says : -“ From Jand 89,1?89, to June $•)„' IS7*>, we have the first clear fiscal year of the Grant administration. And how doss the tax levied npon the people that year compare with the Ui levied rtnrfnc the year, handed down by Andrew Johnaon :■ I,ook ai tno official statement ot government levies just put forth by Mr. Boutwcll: 19G9-TO (Grant).:,. .V.. ti J4r5,«81,372 1803-09(.J0hna0n)...,. 370,943,747 , txceev of Grant *37,887,023 Thru th« government levied up an the people

Marty rS3.ono.non Bor* dnrta«4l>» flnt fiscal y**r of Ursnt'a afimlrtstrailcn Ufiawaa 'ertod dlrirf the 'sat areal year of J°tjWpnn% acmlnlrtrallon. -Tala la a ladncuon of taxaflmi With t vangeaaes!" on (y partially revenue finafr xfie nßhful’wlecWroß of the laws by President Grant’s officers (as four months, and the best four months for ‘revenue, of “Is6B 9,” were under Grant, and not under Johnson), it ieen unwitting testimony to their fidelity, from the lips of an enemy. Remember that thero was no increase of any taxation,lnternal or external, during tijeeo two years. The same taxes, (except, indeed, one or two reductions instead of enlargements) and the same laws existed in tie first fiscal year of President Grant aa in the last fiscal year ol President Johnson. But during Johnson’s administration, the whisky ring reigned almost supreme; and. manufactured whisky, marked “ tax paid,” was sold at less than the tax, saying nothing ol the cost of manufacturing. Corruption stalked unabashed through every avenue of the public service, and the Treasury was robbed by men kept in office for partisan purposes only. When a faithful Commiisiooer urged removals of suspected officials, bis appeals were almost always In vain. And, when these thieves were detected and convicted, Presidential pardons, ip a large majority of cases, were ready fir them. From this demoralization, peculation and -plunder, which so naturally followed the recreancy of their chief, General Grant rescued and regenerated our revenue service, and what, under Johnson, went into the pockets of thieves, went, under Grant, into the Treasury, enabling taxation to be reduced. The whisky ring became powerlets. Officers who were suspected or inefficient, were removed; and if the new appointees failed to prove their fitness for responsible trusts, tiny had also to give place to others. And* Immediately the revenues improved. Every subordinate felt that his position depended on his fidelity. Every taxpayer realized that what he peid went into the Treasury, and that bis dishonest competitor, by his side, could no longer escape his share of the public burdens. And the same Internal Revenue Jaws, -honestly administered, without fear orravor, ikcT same taxes iaithfully collected, brought millions more per month into tho Treasury, for which the /Sentinel now attacks the administration. 2 In the Customs service also (the tarill) there has been increased efficiency. Fraudulent systems of undervalued invoices have been broken up. Smuggling has been delected and arrested. And the same .Tariff laws thus yielded millions more per quarter to the Treasury under President Grant than under President Johnson. . Look at the following official statement of the increase of receipts during the first eighteen months of President Grant’s administration (from March 1869, to Sept. 1870), as compared wiih the last eighteen months of President Johnson's adroinist -ation (from September, 1807, to March, 1869): incross.! In Intccnal Rover no receipt*.. $58,943 910 liicretu-o in Cm tom* receipts 41751.431 Increase la sale receipt*...' 1,8111,616 $57.831,5C0 decrease—ls~-Mise3llananna-receipts, premium on aurp.us gold ecln, etc. 10,621,701

Net increase on all receipt* $37,218,765 Which has paid off just that much debt, of course, and relieved the taxpayerspermanently of five millions Interest per year. Making all allowances for increase of business, does not this prove that the administration has been a- faithful guardian ol the public interests committed to bis charge ? The beneficent results of this increased revenue flowing from increased efficiency and honesty in the public service, has been KH by the people in more ways than one. While nothing was paid on the debt during Mr. Johnson’s last year, the reduction under President Grant has been constant and gratifyingly large. Without any increase of ibe public burdens, he has paid off over $169,500,000 of our bonded and over-due debt, in the first 18 months of his administration; and has permanently reduced the annual interest, to be paid to our creditors, nearly $9,000,000 per year. Up to this date, the bonds he has purchased with our surplus revenue have been stamped and kept as ts sinking fund. But the lasi Congress ordered, as a fairer way, that they should all be destroyed, now and hereafter, as purchased, so that they should no longer be in existence, even in a cancelled form. With this healthy condition of our •finances, Congress felt that a large reduction of taxation was not inconsistent with the maintenance of our credit. And accordingly a bill was passed reducing our Internal taxation at the rate of over fiftyfive millions per year, and on tariff taxation about twenty-five millions—in ail #ighty millions per year, striking off at one blow, one fifth of all our remaining taxation of all kinds. These reductions in our, internal tax system have been of the most sweeping character. * * * We have about four hundred millions of dollars of greenbacks and fractional currency. When President Grant was inaugurated, gold was at a premium of 133; so that these four hundred millions of paper dollars, In the pockets of the people, were worth about-three hundred millions in gold. Before the European war broke out, gold had declined here, in consequence of our improved national credit, to 110; making these four hundred millions of greenbacks and fractional currency worth to the people over three hundred and sixty millions in gold. And this addition to their value, and their purchasing power, rendering the people who hold them and use them as currency that much better off, is fairly to be credited to the administration. The national expenditures have also been largely and steadily decreasing from the day President Grant took the oath of office. The year ending July, 1869 (partly Johnson’*4»n»an4partiyGrwßt’s), they were $56,000,000 less than the previous year. The year ending July, 1870, they were $29,009,000 less than la 1889. And the present year, ending July next, they will be from $15,000,000 to $16,000 000 less than the fiscal year just closed. And here I must not emit this Democratic tea timeny from the special dispatch to the Cincinnati Enquirer, dated Washington, June 30, ltj69, which proves, out of the mouth of an enemy, how promptly this administration commenced the work of reducing the expenses of the government :

“The fiscal year closed *o-day, and all oftha old appropriations expired. To-morrow the. Government goes forward on reduced appropriations. Toe result Is that several hundred officials were to day removed. Nearly two hundred were in tlia Treasury, and fifty were in the War Department, bo far, nearly six hundred removals have been made tom the Treasury Department." And this retrenching work has been steadily pushed forward ever since in every department-of the government. Internal revenue officials are being reduced ; and when the recent reduction takes effect, their number is to be still further lessened, districts to be consolidated, and the expenses of that branch of service largely curtailed. I will not stop to make a balance sheet; but an administration that, without any increase of taxation, can increase the receipts of cur National Treasury under the Tariff and Tax laws, over eighty millions in Us first eighteen months over the amount cnlkcUd by its predecessor, in its last eighteen months—can pay oft in the same time one hundred and seventy millions of our national de"bt—can strike off, at one blew, ; eighty million* Of burdensome taxation—can reduce our national

IT ■ ll : ; expenditures one hundred million In.the first eighteen months or this administration—and can make the currency, in the pockets of the people, wotth sixty milions more than when it entered on its duitto—deserves the confidence of the people whose Interests it has eo faithfully served—and can bear philosophically the unjust and bitter criticisms to which it has been subjected by its enemies. What grander results coula the ipoat exacting have demanded of the administration?

POLITICAL ITEMS.

tST In nix towns in Vermont not a Democratic .oie was cast. Hr The New York Stato Council of Temperance men have recommended the cordial support of the Republican ticket. IST The Ropnblican majority in Vermont is 2,0C0 greater than last year, a fact which enables the New York World to figure up large Democratic gains. CST Ho-ace Greeley expresses the assurance that the Republicans cannot be cheated this year out of the majority by miscounting and repeating; and ihat they will carry thetr ticket. t2T The Statement that at the recent city election in Wilmington, Del., the whole Democratic ticket was elected, is corrected hr later returns. The Republicans elected the city treasurer, and carried live wards out of nine. C2T Tbe NtW York World thinks that, in constructing Democratic platforms, ‘ the tunc should he pitched on a low key.” The Cincinnati Enquirer insists that, “on the contrary, it should be pitched ou a high key.” In the midst of this conflictin? advice (says the Detroit Tribune) the D.mccracy will pitch into whiskey. CSTThrco suocesrive D mocratic County 'treasurers in Hancock County, Ohio, have proved defaulters,khe last one having just absconded, his accounts showing a defalcation of over SBO,OOO. In the same county the last Democratic Sheriff wap a defaulter in the amount of SB,OOO. Doubtless, the Democrats of Hancock County affect to be jccenscd at the alleged corruption of the Republican party. * * CfT” The "Republicans of the Territory oi Wyoming have achieved a victory in the election of William T. Jones a» Delegate to Congress by about 200 majority over Warless, Democrat. The first election in this Territory took place in 1839, when S. F. Nuckolls, Democrat, was elected J>(Jugate by 1,436 majority in an aggregate prttl of 5,360 voles. The aggregate vote of Cheyenne, the capital ol the Territory, was 776—171 of the voters bt ing women. E2T A Washington dispatch of Sepj temter 15 says: “The receipts from inttrial revenue and customs during this month have been so heavy as to justly the- boaef at the Treasury Department that the public debt statement for September will show another large reduction in the amount (f tho debt. The receipts from internal revenue will be something over $15,000,000, while the custom receipts are estimated at something over $50,000,000.” IW lowa, under Republican rule, has paid off all her public debt, and has a largo surplus; Indiana has paid the last doilsf she owed, and her bonds are no longer the sport of Wall street stock job* bera; Illinois has steadily reduced her indebtedness, and has at easy command the meansto extinguish it; and now comes Michigan, which has reduced her indebtedness about two millions in the past eighteen months. In the same time, President Grant’s administration has paid about $150,000,000 of the National debt, and reduced taxation about eighty milliocs. These Republicans may be terrible fellows in Democratic estimation, but they have a'grer.t faculty for getting the people' out of debt, and cutting off the burdens of taxation. If left in charge ot affairs tho years are few when any public debt will exist.

The Quality of Cheese.

That cheese po33eseing the same flavor will suit the taste of every person is rot evc-n to be presumed. O'tie person likes a mouldy cheese; still another likes that cheese best which possesses the greatest degree of animation, and other persons relish a kind of cheese that will affect the sense of smell at a great distance. As a general rule those individuals who like their drink a little stronger than nature designed it; those who use tobacco or sharp pickles, and those who like their ford highly seasoned with pepper, will relish a sharp-flavored or sti ong cheese best. But until cheese making t is better understood by many who row practice it than it is at present, the markets will be well supplied, at cheap rates, with all the mouldy, strong, ard “odious” cheese that these classes of customers will require. With the same degree of progression in the art of cheese-making for the next ten years, however, that we have made during the ten years just passed, we shall be able to supply all of our customers with an article that will meet the demands of an educated and refined taste. In making cheese Tor market it should be the object and aim of every dairyman to make an article suited to tnc best markets in the world, and pleasing to that class of customers who will pay the highest price for it. I will endeavor to describe that kind of cheese, and venture the prediction that the market will never b 3 oversupplied with cheese that is really fine, nor will it bo sold for a price much below the cost of productfori. If I should attempt the description of a first-rate cheese, I would say that the rind should be whole, smooth, and as soft to the touch as velvet; that the color should be precisely what the milk would give it, with the aid of the atmosphere while it was making; that it should be firm and solid, yet mellow; that it should be melting in the mouth, with a downward tendency, being able to pass the palate so easily that no effort on the. part of-that etWißfthe organ would bn required, and leaving after it the taste of nice sweet cream. Cheese of the best quality will always, when eaten, leave an agreeable and "pleasant sensstion after it, as the taste expires cr fades from the palate. I may here remark, that what is true in this respect, in regard tochce3C, will hold good in regard to all other kinds of fdod, and even to medicine.

Now if the foregoing proposition be correct, every dairyman will see how difficult an over production of good cheese will Over be, with so small an area of really good cheese-prodncmg lands. And again, how easy to overstock and even glut the market with that quality of checso, of which no customer will over desire the second mouthful, -fft may be a little surprising to many dairymen that this good cheese, so desirable to the consumer and so profitable to the producer, contains, when new, about 40 peg cent, water. Yet this is a fact. Then with the right proportion,of water the greater the quantity of cheese produced from a given quantity of milk the better the quality. The fact wfll appear self-evident when we consider that whatever waste is made in the manufacture of milk into cheese is of the butter, for the reason that it is the lighter portion, and whenever not held in combination by the curd, will rise to the surface, and float off on the surface. 8o also when the butler is held by the action of the rennet, and afterward released by the process of manufacturing, the loss is inevitable, for whenever a separation takes place a reunion fa utterly impossible, ana the loss much more than equals the value of the butter in the effect Jtm the quantity and quality of Ui« cheese

produced from th« remainder. What we wHh to kno% ia how to change all the milk ibto cheeae of the beat quality.— N. 7. Trtiw. ,

The Republican Party.

Tarn great organization, whioh ahowed itself great in war, h&a proved even greater in peace. It haa met every emergenoy of government with decision, and solved the problem of national life and universal freedom. It haa been fortunate in its public men generally, while iu measures nave been dictated by a conscientious furpoie, and guided by a lofty.patriotism. eace haa been its mission, and the prosperity of the Trbole country its cheriahed purpose. If we look to tne record, we shall dad that it has accomplished more for humanity, and more for the development of all the material Interests of the continent than all previous parties combined. Based on the theory of law and order—of equal rights among men—the friend oi schools, churches, and benevolent institutions of ail kinds—the friend of labor in its every department, and the grand progress of the age, in all that is noble, elevating and refining, it stands to its opponent as light to darkness It does not degj in negatives. Its platforms are not made of whining complaints, but affirmative princioles; and while it glories in what it has already done, it points confidently forward to even greater purposes and nobler objects. So far from its mission being ended, it has Just begun. If America is but true to Itself, the rising statesmen of this grand organization will guide its people safely ia the road of peace, happiness, and prosperity, even beyond the ordinary desire.— Chicago liepublican. TliE popular make of Doeskins manufactured by Benj. Bullock's Sons, at their mills at Consbohockcn, Pa., are still being sold ahead of production. There is no better evidence of the excellence of any make of goods, than the continued confidence of consumers in buying them from season to season. The “ Bullock doeskins ” are now almost a household word with clothing houses throughout the country, and they are considered the standard by which other makes are graded. This firm also manufacture a splendid coating in all the fancy and fashionable colors. These goods are being used by the first-class merchant tailorß, and successfully compete with foreign They have also started a new mill exclusively on cotton-war]) cloth and beavers, and they are now putting these goods into the market; their superior finish recommending them to the trade in preference to many of the old and favorite brands. In fact, the almost indestructible finish which has always characterized the goods manufactured by this firm Is &ne of their principal recommendations. —[From the American Manufacturer's Circular, Aug. 31s/, 1870.

Eveby Saturday.—No. 38, for Sep•tember 17, cf this handsomely Illustrated Journal contains another lot of splendid engravings ol European war scenes-Jules Simon Beading ont the News of the Battle of Welesenbnrg; Attack on the Banking House of M.M. Leon and Dreber, Paris; Before the Attack—a .supplement; A Prussian B:vonac; At Metz, before the Statue cf Marshal Stay, It also has fiae portraits of Marshal MacMahon and the Crown Prince of Prussia. “Dolly Varden” and “Caught In a Shower” are two very pretty pictures aleo given In this number. The fast ol “The Mystery of Edwin Drood”aa far as completed at the time of the author’s death 1b published, and much other lreeh and enter! a‘nirg literary matter Is given, in . the shape ol editorials, home and foreign news, biographical sketches, stories, oto. The Little Corporal Magazine,— The publishers Of this handsome Juvenile publication announce another enlargement and otter Improvements at tha beginning of the new year, when the subscription price will bo $l5O. All subscribers for 1871 who send $1.50 before the Ist of Oc:ober, 1870, will receive the last three numbers cf this year free. Address Sewell A Miller, Chicago, Dl. t

We take delight In referring our afflicted frionds to any drug store where that most estimable medicine. Dr. 8. O. Richardson’s Sherry Wine Bltiors, can be procured. We advise our friends to use it, because we know its value in curing Fever and Ague, diseases common in the West, and all new countries. It should be kept at hand in every family. Sold by medicine dealers generally. “Sxa Moss Fakinx will prove a great blessing to the poor. It Is so cheap that It Is within the reach of all. It la by far the most nutritions and delightful preparation that haa ever come to our notice. -Otjertar,. i Is yon do not real wen yon sond for s doctor,u> eaU* upon yon, looks wise, eerawls somehlero givpalcs upoira ptece of paper which you take tc a drug store and there pay K cents to SI.OO, bealdei tha doctor’s tec, tor a remedy nine time* out of ton not half so good as Dr. Morse’s Indian Boos Pills, which cost but 35 cents par box. Dt yon think the former the best, because yon pay the most lor it I If yon do, we advise you to use. Jus! as an experiment, the Mo&sx’s Indian Boos Pills. They are pieparod from a formula t>ror.onnced by tha most learned physicians of onr country, to be the best and most uniwaal of family medicines. The Mouse’s Indtanßoov Frt tt cure Headache, Liver complaints, IndigestionDyspepsia, Female Irregularities, &c., and ere put up both segar-coated and plain. Give them a trial. Seed by a!i dealers.

A Tainted Atmosphere. Malarious favors are most prevalent In the fait. Heavy and unwholesome exhalations then arise from tho earth', and the great disparity between the temperature of day and night predisposes the system, enfeebled by the summer heals, to epidemic diseases. The secretive organs, the livei especially, are apt, at this period of tlie year, to become inert ind sluggish, arid all the bodily powers require renovation. The beet, Indeed the only protection against the morbid Influences ol the season Is a wholesome medicated stimulant. Pre-eminent among the restoratives of this class, and Indeed foremost among the remedial and preventive medldies of modern times, stands Hostet’er’sStomach Bitters. Its reputation Is co-ex-tensive with the Western Hemisphere ; It has been a standard article for twenty years; Its sales (as may be ascertained by the revenue retnms) are far larger than thqse of any other proprietary preparation on this continent; and the testimony In It s favor embraces letters of approval from the most distinguished members of all the learned profession! and from well-known residents of almost every city In the Union. These are its credentials. To state what It Is doing to prevent and assuage the sufferings of the human family would require more space than can be given to the subject here. The dyspeptic, the billons, the nervous, the weak and emaciated, the desponding, the broken down, find in its renovating and regulating properties a sure and immediate means of relief, it Is a pure vegetable specific, at once safe and potent, and for which the whole materia medtea affords no substitute.

Plantation Bitters as an Appetizer.— Went of appetite Is a sure sign that the stomach Is ent of order! ekp'».oa*ena*itiaili hnslth Ah.U, towt. and tt may be regarded as a rule to which there are no exceptions, that Individuals who .ate neyw hungry can cot be edural/ well. Th eat wfthonFctijOjfiient Is a penance, and sustenance taken Into the stomach against the Inclination does not nourish the system as It ought tqdft. The best remedy for a distaste taken half an hodfbefere breakfast," dinner, or sapper, ■ quWJkeaa the iflww of the gastric Juice, and thereby provokes banger—for the palate sympathizes with the stomach. Nor can the appetite thus created be called a false appetite, tor It Is the legitimate consequence of anew energy Imparted to the digestive organs by this wholesome medical sttmn lant. . Parties who want a NEWSPAPER, All Political, Railroad or Business Organ, May obtain the services of an experienc'd publisher, with a complete, flr-t-class newspaper office on moderate terms, will go anywhere In the Western or Southern States. Address “M. C.," care of A. N. KELLOGG, Chicago, 111. Railroad Gazette! >; -■ • The Railroad Man’s Paper t“Hte AN ILITOTBATID WskHLT QCAHtO J OCBJtAL, 0/ Twtktt-Foce Fasws, Dbvotid TO - 1 Notes and Law. M Operations. TERMS: $3 per Ajuanm; Single Copies, 19 cents. A* N. KELLOGG. PwMlaior, 101 WMUngtfa It., Chicago.

‘q VM 3 q q m i A Good F#ir Tonic! JUST WHAT 18 WANTED to (Jure. \ AGUE OR CHILES', . * * Dr. S. 0. Richard soii’s sum ME turns Tha celebrated New England Remedy \ fpr the cure of 1 i Fever and Ague? HABITUAL CONSTIPATION, Jaundice, General Debility, and all l)l«tgiei arising from a Disordered Htomach, I.lver or Bowels, such ne Acidity of the Stomach, Indigestion, Heartburn, T oat of Appetite, Coatlrepeat. Blind and Bleeding I’llea, Dlagnat of Food, Soar Krnctlons, Sinking or Flutter mg cf the Pit of the Stomach, Dlmnrtt of Vltlnn, Yellowness of the Skin and Eyes, Pain In the Mde, Back. Chest or Limbs, and In all cases where a TONIC Is necessary. Read the following (Tom Dr. Leeper, for many years the most prominent physician aad druggist of the place: » Navierr Stark Co., Ohio, .June 31. Some time since, I reoelvel a lot of Dr. Richard ton’s Sherry Wine Hitters to sail on oommlnlon. They arc all sold, and yonr farther supply of three dozen Jest received. 1 think lahull need more soon, as they are In good demand end highly pra sed by sufferers from Indigestion, fever and ague, dyspepsia and liver conif-1 al nt. Yours, very respectfully, James L. Leiteh, M. D. For Fever and Ague It Is a snre cure. J. N. HARRIS & CO., Prop’?, CINCINNATI, OHIO. X2T Sold by all Drnggists and Medlclno Dealers.

r,f?,!?:£UN-WRIT-TEN WORD MARCH. . Shows us untold jrlcbos and beauties In the Great House, with Its Blooming flowers, Ringing birds, waving palms. Rolling clouds, Beautliul bow, Beer* d mountains, Delightful rivers, Mighty oceans, Thuriderlng voices. Blazing heavens and vast universe with counties i bo lugs In million* of worlds, and reads to us In each the unwritten Word. Rose-tinted paper, ornate engravings superb binding. Intelligent men and women wanted to Introduce the wo-k Ip every township ihm* vuimo. Light business. Good pay. Bond for circular, description, endorsements and terms to agents. Zd&IGLKR & MoCIYtDY, 69 Monroe-Jt., Chicago, til.

KtLVXXRN ", Cutcs COUGHS, CROUP, BRONCHITIS, COLDS, ASTHMA, INFLUENZA, Hoarseness and Incipient Consumption. Barr’s Feotoral Elixir has rapidly won the (hvor Of patients who haveArled It, amt also the patronage of the medical faculty inevery section U the conn try where It has been Introduced. No remedy 1 for the luDgs and throat ever discovered stands so popular alter once used, as this preparation. It Is made under the supervision of Mr. T. H. Barr, one of the best E radical chemists In the State. The success which as attended lhe use of this remedy lor the past sixteen years, whore known, has Induced ns to make It more widely known for the benefit ot the suffering. Let the afflicted gli e It a fair trial, as we are Confident that relief and permanent care will be the result. Sold by all drugelsm In the section where th.s advertisement Is pnbilshed. N. B.—Circulars giving certificates of remarkable cures of the afflicted will be sent on application, or they will be found accompanying each bottle of the Pectoral Elixir. The Elixir is pleasant to take, end is neatly and elegantly pat up In large bottles, at ONE DOLLAR EACH. T. H.BARR&CQ., TkbkeH* Vljs, Isd Sold In CHICAGO at Wholesale by FULLER, FINCH & FULLER; LORD A SMITH: VAN.SCFIAACK, STEVENBON & REID : HI'KLBUT & EDS ALL; E. BURNHAM & SON; BLOCKI A CO.; TOLMAN A KINO; ROCKWOOD A BLOCKI. In MILWAUKEE by RICE A REISING; DOB MEN A SCHMIDT; UUEEN A BUTTON. In ST, LOUIS by RICHARDSON A CO.; COLLINS BROS., And throughout the Northwest by all Druggists.

COT THIS OUT! AND pend Twenty-five cents for a Ticket, and draw a Watch, Be win* Machine, Piano, or some article of value. No blank*. (»certificates for f 1,00. Address' PACKARD & CO., Cincinnati, Ohio. TTNITS OVER 20 GARMENTS. Theorly machine -IV that fchapes and Complet. s Hosiery df all fellies - heel and toe-Glcws, Mittens etc ; or that kn|ts the Dcuhlc Ribbed and Fancy .webs. Suacees in using it srnarantee d. Send stamp lor s ampl e ►tocjmh g and circular showing the Lamb Machine is superior in all points. HULBERr BROS. & CO., 92 Washington Street, Chicago, 111. TTNPRE€EDENTEI> fcAREB.-Laree Com U missions.—Wanted Agent*, inale ar d fjmale, to sell pictures everywhere, uua Agent alone has retailed over 7,000 at-75 cte in the oast two years Address with stamp, WHITNEY & CO., Norwich, Conn. WANTED Boys, Younr and Middle-Aged Men to train for Fall and Spring Business for the diffirent Cities, at the oldest, largest and only practical Business College and the only obe providing situations jior Graduates. Send lor Catalogue of So*n in business. Board and Tuition fllQ. H. G. .P T INT'IW «fc CO., Agents lor the Patented PA-J-i PIKRMbCHK GOOD-. Eighth And B»{som St*., Philadelphia, Pa. Sewing Machine Cove's, Firemen's Hate, Letters, Show Carda,Work lioxes.Wrlttr gTlesks, Furniture Ornaments, Ac. These articles are Water ana Weather Proof. Persons wishing samples of letter, win enclose 00c. Agents wanted throughout th» ÜB|todU B |tod States, hbfekkhhh h h h h h h h, ISIICCIUD'C Cider Vinegar, celebrated tor rnllOwllVU O Its purity, strength, and palaiabioness. Warranted toprcecrvopicklee. hirst premium swarded atthe U. B. Fair, the Illinois State Fair, and Chicago City Fair. Largest works of the kind in the United States, established IMB. CHAB. G. kTpBUSSING, 33» and Ml State-st., Chicago, W Ask your grocer tor Prnsalng’s Vinegar THE Weed Family Favorite Aa now perfected and manufactured by the Weed B.M Co., of Hartford, Is thte best and most reliable ‘ family sewing machine For all kinds of family work In use. Responsible Agents wanted In every comity. A liberal discount to the trade. Send for price list And terms vo GKO. C. THOM AS, l»t Lake-st, Chicago, Agent for the Northwest Btßte where yon see this advertisement BLOOMINQTON NURSERY. 600 Acres. 19th Year. 10 Urcenhousea. Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Nursery Stock, Kvergroeiii, Kootgraits, Hedge Plants, Tulips, Hyacinths, Crocne, Lillee, Colored Fruit and Flower .I’lstee. All at Wholesale and Retell. Sand 10 cte. for Catalogues. F. J£. PUCKNCi - , Jlloomlngton. HI. PATENTS! Inventor* who wish to take out Letters rstent are advised to counsel with MTON A 00., editors of the Scientific American, who have prosecuted claims before the Patent Office for over Twenty Tear". TBetr American and European Patent Agency Is the most extensive In the world. Charges teas than any other rdlible agency, A pamphlet contalhlng full Instrootlons to Inventors Is sent gratis. jMjftTiaTT JSC 00., t /t.. . ay Part BOW. New York. 19TB. ENOCH KORGJLIPO BOM S’ isot Is Better ni Cheapr tton Soap, thy it. Wboleaale In Chioaoo and'Fr. Levis BY BBTGCISTB AND CBOOBBB.

A GREAT MEDICAL DISCOVER? Dr. WAUCQi'9 CALIFORNIA VINEGAR BITTERS--21 Hundreds of Tbougaru.'’ $£ * so I! si WHAT ARE THEY? if S ||| / —" VSN \ E m jraum s«; Iga jjt * $c * THEY ARE NOT A TILE s|| *ll F ANCY dr ink, ill Made of Poor Rnm, Whiskey, Froof Spirt's and Refuse Liquors doctored, spiced, and sweetened to plcasetho taste, called *’ Tonies," “AppcLx* era,” “ Rostorera,” Ao., that load tne tippler on to drunkenness and ruin,but. are a true Medicine, made trom the Native Roots and Herbs of CaUfornli.frco from all Alcoholic Stimulant*. Theyaro tho GREAT BLOOD PURIFIER and A LIFT? GIVING PRINCIPLE a perfect Banovator end Invlgorator of tlie System, carrying off all polson"va matter and restoring the blood to a healthy conditio J. No person can take these Bitters according to dt.::tlon and remain long nnwell. SIOO will be given for an Incnrablo case, provided tlie bones are not destroyed by mineral poison or other means, and the vital organs wasted beyond tho point of repair. For lufiainmufory and Chronic RlieumE' slam nnd Gout, Dyspepsia, or Indlgeiflrßl, “ Hilloun. Remittent and lutennltlcnt Fever* Disease* of the Blood, Liver, Kidneys a: 1 . .’ Bladder, tlit-sb Blit era have been most eucce'--fill. Suck Bisen ne* aro caused by Vitiate .’. Blood .which Is generally produced by derangement of the Digestive Organs. DYSPEPSIA OR INDIGESTION, Head ache. Pain In the Shoulders, Coughs,''lglitnces of tho Chest, Dizziness, Sonr Ernctatlone of the Stomach." Bad taste In the Mouth, Bilious Attacks. Palpitation of the Heart, Inflammation ot tho Lungs,Pain In tho regions of the Kidneys, and a hundred other painful symptoms, aro tho offsprings of Dyspepsia. They invigorate tho stomach, and stimulate tha ton pld liver and bowels, which render them of uncquallo,efficacy in cleansing the blood of all impurities, And Imparting new life and vigor to the whole system. FOlt SKIN DISEASES, Eruptions,Tetter,Salt Khucui, Blotches, Spots, Pimples, Pustules, Bolls, Carbuucles. King-V.'ornis, Scald nend.Sore Eyes, Erysipelas, Itch, Scurfs, Discolorations of the Skin, Humors and Diseases of tho Skin, or whatever name or nature are literally dug up and carried out of tlie system In a short time by the use of these Bitters. One bottle In such cases will convince, the most Incredulous of their curative effect. Cleanse the Vitiated Blood whenever you find !t» Impurltlesbnrstliigthrongh the skin lnPiinples,E-\i>p-tiqns or sores ; cleanse it when yon find it obstructed and sluggish In the veins; cleilnse It when It Is foul, and your feelings wlllteliyouwhen. Keep the blood pure and tlie health of the system will follow. PIN, TAPE audothcr WORMS, lurking In tlio Bystem of so many thousands, are effectually destroyed and removed. For full directions, read careffc:'* the circular around each bottle, printed In four languages—English, German, French and Spanish. J. WALKER, Proprietor. R. H. MCDONALD A GO. Druggists and Gen. Agents, San Francisco, -CuL.— and 32 nnd 31 Commerce Street, New York. IT SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS AND PKAl.Bfia. Never Xnvssste s Wesk Stomach. The con .i:ion of a weak a oraach was n- ver yet improved by cathartic drugs. Th*v merely increase the irritation, v inch it is a l-imrortaut to allay. There la no preparation in existence wiilc’t so •quickly-iuml-certain-ly relieves nausea as Takbant’s Effkrvescwnt b*LTzbr A pbktrnt. Its Immediate effect Uto soothe and refresh the uneasy organ, it arrests vomiting, or the disposition to vomit, at once, and carries oft without pain, through the intestines, the morbid emetic matter which Is the provocative of nai sea. A dose of tho Aperient will alwat s • ll'ectua.ly “Bttie the stomach " alter a night’s dissipation. SOU) BY ALL DKUfIQTBTB. t You Want It! Everybody Wants It! The Si. Lsuis Hose Journal Should be In every family In the North, West and South. It Is equally as good as Eastern papers, and Cheaper.—Only $2.50 per year. The Prsprietors ere tiering pert Inducement! to dull nnd Canvases re. Sond fcr weaken mr with indncementi to Cluhs nnd Canvassors, to SHErFIELD A STONE. 121 Nobts Sixth Btbwt, Si. Lodib, Mo. Get the Beat, Celebrated, Genuine COISrOOILXJ HARNESS. All kinds and deacrlpOfine oonrtautty on hana and ma le to order, from tne lightest ttie heavle»t Team Earnees, and la avery variety and etyle of mounting. None genuine uufeas etamped with our name and trade mark. Price lUto and <Mrcular» on application. Address JAEtlEri It. lIILL fit GO., Concord, N. H„ Sole proprietors and ouly Makrrs wgr We have arrangements by which goods are deliTcred by H. R- Fast Freight at lowest rates. a n A Y.—4o new articles for agents. Bam* Benl ftw. A*SHAW, Alfred, Me. -Fever and Ague ANTIDOTE Always Stops the Chills. This Mcdioino haa been before tho Public fifteen years, and is sfiU ahead of all cither known remedies. It does not purge, does not Bioken the stomach, is perfectly jafo in ftny dose and under all circumstances, and is tho only Medicino tha t frill CURE IN! MEDIATELY and permanently every form of X'over and Ague, because ifc is a perfect Antitioto to Malaria. Sold by all DrugßUta. * Db. ruR THK " ORIENT •• FLAVORING EXA TRAOTS- j T]re^t.,i3Beat.n to U t MOTHERS. Bubitltute for ALCtHIOLIC All classes of both AXXOPATIIIC and no OTb l H , u“dbw&anS ’ North LouTsiana Labor Agency. romfortaVtowarters, and healthy locaUou. Ibet«cnce. irew fiumu » uke rroTWmoei