Rensselaer Union, Volume 2, Number 44, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 28 July 1870 — Page 4

The French and German Armies.

Aodroonrs to Ik* best authorities the Ud toroee of North German Confed«raC7“~<iti* with the North German Confederacy, ud probably with aU the Oer man State* except the Austrians, and not with Pnusla atom, that France hM involved hlMf in a war)—are superior in numbers to those and^the French fleet, on the other hand, ii inconi parabiy superior to that of the North German Confederacy In every respect The French navy count* in all 831 war steamers, of which there are twelve large ironclads, sixteen ironclad frigates, twen-ty-six so-called mixed frigates, sixty-nine corvettes, seventy-fire transports, twentynine floating batteriea and a flotilla of 104 small river steamers, besides about seventy sailing war vessels. It is undeniably the swiftest and most available fleet in Xurope—more than a match in every rorst, even to that of England. Upon action of the fleet the success of the French operations is principally calculated, A sufficient number of French war ▼emela can be stationed at the mouth of the Elbe and the Weser, the Oder and the Vistula, to suoeesafaily blockade all the ports of the lforth-German Confederacy, and there will yet remain an immense fleet lor the transportation of troops and other operations on the open sea or upon the riven. The hope of the Emperor to terminate this war by one short victorious campaign in the same manner as he closed hie previous war enterprises is essentially based upon the celerity with which be can throw vast numbers of troops into the interior of the enemy’s country. In case of a first failure of his policy, the campaign may be either prolonged indefinitely or even at once derided in favor of the North-German Confederacy, should the Prussians temporarily abandon a portion of their territory and concentrate all their forces at one point and then invade the French territory.

Thu* it will be seen that the war will be conducted on an entirely different system from our own. For whilst the French oan reach the northern parts of Germany in a very short time, by their fleet, the German troops may cross the eastern border of Frarcs with the same celerity, and either of the principal armies may poesibly stand in the enemy’s country and there decide the war. But when nnd wherever they meet, this struggle will be oi the greatest magnitude ; because the two largest and bast-drilled and best-equipped armies oi the old continent will contend for the supremacy. Entirely different as the organization nnd sprit of the two armies may be, they are, in many respects, equal. The Prussian* showed, during the last campaign against Austria, that they can be as impetuous in the attack a* the French, and no one doubts that they are possessed of as much, if not more, endurance. In a moral sense the North German fanny, however, has a great advantage over the French, in that it is taken indiscriminately from every class of tho population, whilst in consequence of the substitute system, which prevails in France, the bulk of the army there is mainly taken from the class of laborers and prdetaires. Thus the Prussian army really represents the whole character, the strength, the intelligence and culture of the Pruissian people, whilst the French army at best only represent the natural qualities and instincts of its race. There is this, however, in favor of the French army, that any common soldier may reach the highest rank by his personal bravery and excellence, whilst in Prussia the highest offices in thearmy&re exclusively reserved for the nobility. Both armies are well trained in active service. The last Prussian war was, at best, as good a school for active service as the permanent military occupation of the French army at Algiers, and during the last war in Italy. Both armies are equally well officered; they will march againfet each other under equally competent leaders, and although the physical constitution of the Prussian soldier may perhaps be sr-erior to the average of the French troops, and the needle-gun may bo a betto*.Weapon than the Chassepot, chance and good or bad fortune may have much to do with the result of the first movements of the two armies. It is otherwise in regard to the final result of the war. A first defeat will not compel the NorthGerman Confederacy to give up the fight. Its reserves, the Landteehr and the Landsturm will enable it to continue the war a long time. The national spirit which has been aroused during the lari thirty years in Germany, and which nbver was 'more vigorous than at present, is at least as effective as the hope of the French people to recover the prestige lost under the present empire. Missouri Republican, July 18.

[From the Advance (Chicago).]

The Northern Pacific Railroad, Congress, and the Public Lands.

Among the great commercial movements that characterize and render notable the present times, probably the most important, both in amount of capital involved and in the character and extent of anticipated result?, is the building of the Northern Pacific Railroad, with its branches, feeders and connection. The Sue* Canal, constructed under the auspices of the French Government, cost about sixty million dollars. The Union Pacific Railroad, extending from Omaha to Ogden; a distance of 1,032 miles, involved a necessary outlay of perhaps forty million dollars, and the Central Pacific, completing the line from Ogden to Sacramento, 743 miles further, did not cost more than an equal amount. The Northern Pacific Railroad, controlled by a single corporation, will span the continent from deep-water navigation on Lake Superior to tide-water -on the Columbia River and Puget Sound—a distance of about 1,750 miles; and the branches already projected will increase the total length of road-bed to nearly two thousand five hundred miles. The cost of construction and rolling-slot* will not fall far short of one hundred million dollars. It is the comprehensive design of the projectors of the Northern Pacific, not simply to build a railroad from lake to ocean, and then wait for results, but to render results certain by (1,) securing favorable connections with the railroad systems of the Pacific coast and the Atlantic States, and with the commerce of the Pacific Ocean; (2,) by constructing a series of lateral branch roads to the South and North of its main line, which will drain the entire Northwest between latitude 42 and Central British Colombia; (3,) and by organizing such a thorough, wise and humane system of emigration from Northern Europe and the thickly peopled portions of our own country as will settle and render speedily productive the vast belt of fertile lands tributary to the road and extending across the continent During the years occupied in its construction the road will give employment to thousands of men, and create a large demand for everything that our people manufacture or produce.

It is impossible that such an enterprise, managed by the sort of men that control this one, should not benefit the whole country, while specially and vastly benefiting the region known as the Great West This greatest of commercial projects, viewed ss a matter of national impart is entitled to the same hearty sympathy and confidence that greeted the first Pacific Bailroad, and the recent attempts,

iaOongTßM nnd bra portion of the press, to represent the Northern Pacific Company as an insatiable devourer of the public lands, were aa unfair as they were unfounded. A bit of Pacific Railroad history may be in place t The Illinois Central was, we believe, the first railroad to receive a grant of lands directly from the government. Of the wisdom and good results of that initial grant probably no one now entertains a doubt. When the Union and Central Pacific roads were chartered in 1862, two other charters were also granted—one for a Northern, and another for a Southern Pacific railroad. Upon tho Union and Central Pacific Companies, which proposed to build tyieir road* at onoe, a subsidy of lands and bonds was conferred, more Uiaa enough in actual value to build the road*—the bonds, however, being in the character of a loan. The Northern Pacific, which it was correctly believed, would be the second line built, received only a land grant, equal in amount, but far superior in quality, to that of the Union and Central. The question of a money subsidy or loan to the Northern line was left in abeyance until the time when its construction should be near at hand; and the Southern Pacific was left with a bare charter, the state of the country then seeming to indicate that many years would elapse before the actual construction of a Southern road could be thought ot In this way the government made provision for three main ljnes of railroad across the continent,-and fully committed Itself, with the hearty approval of both political parties, to the policy of aiding the construction of these three national highways. The motives which lead to this action were obvious enough. (1) The Government considered itself under some obligation to assist in opening communication between the older and the newer sections of the continent, thus benefiting both and begetting a closer sympathy and a better understanding between distant communities and the General Government which taxed them and claimed their allegiance. (2) It was known that in time or peace the bulk of our standing army is employed on the Western plain* acting as a police between the Indians and the white settlers, and that a largo pact of the great expense of maintaining troops at frontier stations consists oi the excessive cost of transporting men and supplies where there are no railroads. The saving of several millions a year in army transportation, and the redoubled efficiency of troops when they can be rapidly conveyed from point to point, were legitimate reasons for extendiag Government encouragement to railroads built beyond the settlements. (3 ) The third and weightiest of the reasons which influenced Congress to adopt the land grant policy was one which appeals even more directly than the former two to the common sense of plain people, and is enough of itself to justify the system, as applied to the three eomlinental line* of road. Five years ago tho United Stales Government was proprietor of eleven hundred million acres of wild lands, lying between the Mississippi and the Pacific coast, not including the Slate public lands of Texas. Such a domain is too vast for comprehension, and only an approximate notion of its magnitude can be obtained by considering that it is equal to thirty-four State* the size of New York, or to two hundred and four States as large as Massachusetts. Of these lands, the government, during the last flvo years, has been able to sell, and 'give away under the homestead act, less than four million acres per year. At this rate tho present generation would reap next to no benefit from the public lands, and 276 years would elapse before they all would be taken up, much less tilled. The reason why these lands cannot be given away to actual settlers is that they are Inaccessible and hence worthless. No farmer will agree to live on them for them, and for the excellent reason that no farmer can afford to. A farm without a market is without value, and a market without a railroad is usually impossible. Under these circumstances the government, through its system .of grants, says to responsible corporations, “ Build a railroad through these waste lands of mine, rendering them accessible and valuable, and I will give you ten per cent, of the lands affected. I regard this offer not as a charity or gratuity, lor you have no claim to either, but Icon rider it a business transaction, in which I shall receive back in the enhanced value of my own lands and the increased area and constituency for taxation, very much more than this grant is worth to me or to you." So a farmer, owning a submerged marsh, which is absolutely worthless except for rearing frogs, ana, not caring to venture his own money in the doubtful enterprise of reclaiming it, would gladly give a portion of the wet land itself to any one who would ditch, underdrain and render productive the whole. The feet that the Government retains the alternate sections along these Pacific roads, and offers them for sale at $3.50 per aero is sufficient guaranty that the raii- . road companies will not hold their lands at an exorbitant figure; and the feet that the business and success of the roads will depend very largely upon tho rapidity with which the adjacent lands are Settled, is ample warrant that the railroads will not long hold their lands out of the market Self-interest and tho public good will here harmonize. The Northern Pacific Company, in coming before Congress and asking for the recent legislation, which has occasioned se much discussion and misunderstanding, requested four things: (1.) That the original land grant, voluntarily conferred by Congress six years ago, be made good by permitting the company to appropriate other public lands to compensate for those belonging to- the grant, which had been taken up by settlers and speculators; (2.) That the short branch road to be constructed from Portland, Oregon, to Pnget Bound be entitled to the same land subsidy as the main line ; (3.) that the company be permitted to make the junction of its two western branches at a point further east than the original charter specified—this in order to avoid engineering difficulties in the mountain region; anjl (4) that specific authority be given the company to make a single mortgage covering all its property and rights of property. This last request was made in order to avoid the necessity of making a fresh mortgage every time a new instalment of land came into “the hands of the company by the completion of each twcnty-five-mye section of road. Under tho legislation recently enacted, the lands of the North Pacific grant wfll pass under the general mortgage to the bondholders just as fost as by the completion of successive portions of the road, they pass into the control and ownership of thq company—and no fester. The current assertion that the bill authorizes the company to mortgage its lands in advance of the construction of the road, is w i thout -foundation and” absurd. The charter provides when and on what conditions the lands of the grant shall become the property of the company, and the recent legislation does not change the charter in this regard, nor authorize the company to mortgage that which is not its property.

f‘.Ty** m • The fact that the application of the Northern Pacific Company for the additional legislation named above was preceded and followed by the introduction in Congress of a swarm of petty land grant schemes for local and imaginary roads—schemes having no merits and no claims to consideration—shook! pot be allowed to prejudice a great and genuine enterprise, which the people are really

desirous to aid, because it will aid them in return. Undoubtedly the country wishes Congress to limit the application of the land subsidy policy to the three trunk lines of Pacific railroad. Uere the line of distinction should bo drawn, and here the nation should put down Its foot. Let the continent be traversed by a Northern, a Central and a Southern Pacific Railroad, opening up the western wilderness, in three broad belts, to settlement and culture, travel and trade; then let local roads be built by private enterprises as fast as population and business demand them. The land-grant system, as applied to these three main routes, is common sense and sound economy. Carried to the extreme, and applied to the numberless local corporations that are clamoring for aid at the doors of Congress, it is indefensible waste.

CURRENT ITEMS.

Jrromu Bonaparte left an estate worth $220,000. At Rome a mart for female slaves existed up to A. D. 1501. , Tan census recently taken in Hungary shows a population or 15,429 238. Bishops insure in the Washington Life Insurance Company of New York. Philadelphia has a photographic artist named Guleknusleuackcroferson. The average age of the present members of the United States Senate is 46 years. Five thousand houses in Philadelphia, nearly all flf the better class, are said to be tenantless. Titusville, Pa., which is not named in the census of 1860, now numbers nearly 9,000 inhabitants. Queen Victoria is now in the thirtyfourth year of her reign. She ascended the throne on the 21st of June 1837. The Directors of the Washington Life are some of our best and most reliable men in the city. Thomas Carlton, Methodist Book Concern, New York. There is said to be among the prisoners in Jail a* York, Pa., a man who has been confined for over nine years for refusing to answer a question m court. A California father has purchased his children for $575 each from their mother, to whose custody the divorce court awarded them. A youno man of Peoria, 111., a son of one of the oldest families of that city, has gone crazy by the continued use of whisky.

A man in Troy 103, years old, hauls a wagon about the streets In the capacity of scavenger. He is a French Canadian by birth, and his namo is Pickard. The people of Boston consume 20,948 fallonsof milk a day.atacoatof $17,122. 2. They have 752 wholesale dealers in that commodity. Bomb ingenious biped has a machine to make a man rise early in the morning- j A young. Benedict says a six-months-old baby can beat it to death. One of William Penn’s sliver spoons withjhis name engraved upon it, has been found near Reedsville, Pa., by workmen who were digging a cellar. A man is traveling about Scotland in a coat of mail highly polished, the object being to advertise the excellence of the black lead with which the mail is kept bright. A smart 10-year old girl, at Prince William, Va., lately fell into a well twentyeight feet deep, with twelve feet of water In it, and clambered out again without assistance. Dr. Btkousbero, the Prussian Railroad Ring, owns eiiough landed property in various parts of Europe to make a territory as large as the Kingdom of Saxony. A reverend professor of Amherst woke up; a drowsy audience on a recent Sunday morning by putting them through the exorcise ot singing a hymn in the middle of his sermon. A New York letter asserts that Beecher’s pew rents are high because prominent New York merchants buy the best of them up for the use of their customers on Sunday. The agricultural societies of France are organizing an International Congress of Agriculturists, to be held in France next year. It promises to be an interesting affair. A furious correspondent of the Csu,. cinnati Inquirer having demanded the title of the most effectual fly poison, that paper confidently recommended boarding house pie. A party of pleasure-seekers, in California, were recently poisoned by eating a hearty meal of muscles. They produced vomiting and cramps, which were only relieved by careful medical treatment. A very polite Frenchman apolauded vehemently at the close of an exceedingly tedious performance by a fair but wretched musician. “Why do you applaud?” asked * bystander. “ Mon Dieu! because it is endedJ"

The veteran statesman, William H. Seward, who will be 70 years of age in May of 1871, is preparing for a voyage around the world, upon which he will start at an early day, accompanied by a portion of his family and several friends. Johnny Btkele, the played-out “oil prince,” is said to have recently received a letter requesting his instructions concerning $20,000 which he deposited in a New York bank during tho hoy-day of his prosperity and had utterly forgotten. A Newark (N. J.,) lady has applied for a divorce, just because her husband has an unpleasant and eccentric habit of sleeping with a knife under his pillow. As he is a somnambulist, she fears that he may do something rash. A most remarkable gathering, or reunion, took place at McCutchensville, near Evansville, Ind., a few days since. Fifty-two years ago a company of eight came over from England; the eight were all present, the oldest being in his eighty third year.

. Lord Lytton, talking to Dr. about public speaking, asked him whether he felt his heart beat when he was going to speak. “Yes.” “Does your voice frighten you?” “Yes.” “Do all your ideas forsake you?” “.Yea” “Do you wish the floor to open and swallow you ?” “ Yes.” “Then you’ll make an orator.” First and Last.— Just come from Heaven. how bright and tslr The soft locks of the baby's hair. As If th? unshut gates still abed . Ths sharing halo round his head. Just enteric" Heaven, what sacred snows Upon the old man's brow repose, For there the opening gates have thrown The glory from the great white throne. Thbsx are seven families now living in a “ co operative ” cottage at Long Branch, and they declare themselves highly pleased with the experiment They contributed an equal amount for the erection and furnishing of the building, have a steward who assesses the cost or the table and household expenses pro rata , and thus live more cheaply and comfortably during the summer than they could at a hoteL A Brooklyn Judge having told a lawyer the other day, that his mind was made up on the ease, and that counsel need not read from a decision of Chief Justice Marshall that he held in his hand, the lawyer replied: “I do not wish to affect your honor’s mind by reading the decismm, but simply desire to give the members of the bar present an opportunity to Sec how Inferior Chief Justice Marshall was to your homor.” The Judge wilted.

NASBY.

[From Um Toledo Blada.l MR NASBT OOIS TO MEW TOEE TO CALIi AND ENG INKER A MEETING OF LABORING MEN IN OPPOSITION TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF CHINESE. Hasp ot bii ST atm, 1 Sixth-Wain, Moo Vou,l July «, tm, I I run up to Noo YoTk last week on special biznia. I saw in a noosepaper that seventy-five Chinese hed located tjieirselvea In North Adams, Massychoorita, and therein I saw a gleam nv lite for the Dimocrisy. Here, sed I to myself, is richnis 1 . Here is what will wunat more fire the Dimocratic heart and rouse Dimocratic indignation. The Dimocrisy must alluz hev an inferior race* and now that we’ve lost the nigger. Providence has stept In at the nick of time and furnishes us the Chinaman, Immejitly on my arrival, I sought out the Dimocratic Central Committee uv our ward, aud called a meetin uv “nil labrin Amcrikens uv the 6th Ward opposed to the interdtfekehen uv forin pauper labor Into Ameriky.” Toddy CVRyan, wich runs the Shamrock B’loon next door to mlno, and Dennis O’Shaughnessy, and Pat O’Flynn, and Jemmv O’Fallon, and Terrence McCoole, and Jemmy O’Brien, all uv em runnin S’loons in the block the Harp uv Erin is located in, entered into the matter with spent. We’re rivals in biznis, but, thank Heaven, in politics we km act together ez a unit. Our interests are identikle. We tried to git some shoemakers and brick masons ana rich to attend the meetin, but they all insisted they wuz too bizzy. In the cvenjh the meetin wuz convened in the back room uv the Harp uv Erin, Teddy O’Ryan in the Chair, and Dennis O’Shaughnessy (bar tender for Pat O’Keefe) Secretary. A Committee on Resolution* was appointed, consisting uv Jemmy O’F&llon, Patsey McShane, and Jemmy Sheeney. The Chub man remark t that the comin uv the barbarious Chinese to the Eastern States had filled him with profound alarm. Eza labrin man he sollumly protested agin bringin forrin pauper labor to these happy shores to compete with us. With ail kiz sole he protested agin this impor; tashun uv proverty-driven forriners to Ameriky. He hoped the meetin wood do its duty in this matter. He would interdooce to the meetin Mr. Jean Jacques Pierre La Tourette, a gentleman of North Adams, Massychoosets, where this outrage agin Amerikin labor was bein perpetrated. Mr. La Tourette riz and addrest the meetin in French, ez he coodent speak English, he havin been in this country only ten months. Weprocooreda Frenchman wich cood speak English who translated him for our benefit. Mr. La Tourette remarkt that, the principal thing laborin men hed to contend with wuz imported pauper labor. The Chinese wich had bin adventid in North Adams wuz a inferior race wich cood live on nothin and cood consekently work for nothin. They had none uv the habits and tastes uv civilizashcn. They did not drink likker; in fact one uv em, Clung Choy, didn’t know what likker wuz. (Expresshun uv disgust from the entire assembly.) One hundred uv his people hed bin indoost ten months ago to come to the Yoonited States from Lower Canady by the promise uv ekal rites. Them wich emigrated with him from Lower Canady hedn’t anythin in pertikeler to eat in that country, and still less to wear; in fact, the half uv em wuz bein supported by the parish authorities. We came to the Yoonited States, the manufakterers paying our sere on the railroads, expecting to find a land uv good wages and plenty. Wat hez been the result? Why, jest es we hed all jined the Crispins, and established who shood and who shood not labor in North Adams, and likewise wat wages shood be paid, an how they should be paid, but before we got control uv the books uvthe concern, we are confronted with forrin pauper labor brought from a forrin shore, and we aro out in the cold. Mr. La Tourette remarked that when he sed “we” he spoke uv his associates. He didn’t labor hisself—he wuz a friend of humanity, whose biznis it wuz to organize laborin men agin the encroachments uv capital Dennis O’Shaunnessy, our Secretary, wanted to know what wages wuz paid them ignerant Chinese. Mr. La Tourette answered about 22 cents a day, wich anser, ez it wuz considered essenshel to put on record, I wrote down, ez Air. O’Shaughnessy’s early educashen hed bin neglected. “Good Lord!” ejackilated Teddy Ryan, “ that’s only two drinks and a fifth 1 We want no rich labor cz that.” Father McGrath, after givin notice that next Sunday a beautiful gilt Image of St. Boniface, wich hed bin presentid his church, wood be displayed lor the adorashen uv the devout, demanded that the most stringentest laws should be passed preventin the immigrashen to this country uv heathen and idolaters. He bleeved in religious tolerashen, but the ijeee uv a joss-house bein erectid in Noo York filled him with alarm, and he wood prevent it by all the law. Jemmy O Fallon reported the followin resolooshens: W abbas, .Ccrtin blotid aristocrats to Msraychooelta hev iniportid ignerant and degraded Chinese to take the place nv the labrers in that Stale, and Warbas, Tho leaders nv the Dimocraay nv Noo York Is the espeshl champions nv labor, therefore by the leaders nv the Hltnocrasy. uv Noo York be

Re/olved, Thai the Dimocrasy hez alinz held that free labor is the safeguard uvAmerlhii liberty, 'caplin south nv Mason Dixon’s line, where H hez allcz seemed to us that labor shood be owned by tbe most dominantest class, Resolved, That the importashen uv forrln pauper labor Into Maesychooelts is an lev ashen nv therltcs nv the amerikin labrln class wich shood be resistld to the death. (Cries uv ‘-Good for yez. Jemmy 1” “Be dad we'll all vote for thotl ’ ‘' Let Jemmy O’ Fail oh alone for pntilna thing nately 1 ’’ And under the excitement of tbe moment, the assemblage all Jmed In slngtn “The Wearin nv the Green." osptin LeTourette, who burst out Into tbe Mareelllasb hymn. Resolved, That to the end that labor In this country may be free and nnrestrictid, wo connsel our friends In North A (lams to lmejttly kill all the Chinese, and all others who consents to work with em. Resolved, That Ameriky hez bln tbe refnge 'uv the opprestavail nasbuns, and ez we are determined that it shall aUuz be aich, we protUt agin any Chinese comin in on any terms watever. Letters endorsin' wot wa shood do for the ooz uv labor wuz rseeved from Hon. John Morrisey, Hon. Benjamin Wood, Hon. Femandy Wood and other distinguished friends uv labor. Patsy McShane commenced a speech on the hecnousnis nv importin pauper labor, urieh wood hev hod a good effeck, but Jdhnny McQuade, wich don’t like him, interruptid by askin him how long ago it wuz that he and all his brothers and cousins wuz taken out uv a work-house in Ireland and hed their fare paid to this country by a raleroad company, and whether when he landid he heda decent rag to his back dr a cint in his pockit. Mr. McShane retorted by wantin to know es the McQuades, ivery mother’s son uv em, hednH bin in the same fix. The argyment wuz concloodld by tbe two clinchin, and in a minit tbe entire assemblage wuz indulgin in ez bootiful a site ez I hev ever seen" in Noo York. Nevertheless good wuz accomplisht, ez we hev this labor movement fairly on its feet. I shel go back to Delaware immejitly, for there is movements nv importance there wich is about to bo commenst I hev to draft an address to tie Democrasy uv that State. 1.

PETROLEUM V. NASEY,

(Wich wuz Postmaster.)

jgy At lection is invited to the card of the Northwestern Female College of Evanston, 111., in another column. .i

Tammany Fireworks.

Tn Democratic member* of Congreaa exhort their party brethren to make ready for the autumn election*, and urge that there should be “no time lost in the dUcuuton of dead iuuea; no manifestations of narrow or prose riptmi foeling and the Tammany managers, in announcing their holiday performance for the Fourth of July, called themselves the party of equal right*. Tammany Hall is dedicated to humorous and light entertainment*, but that is unquestionably a better Joke than it is accustomed to hear. Tho humor, however, would have been enhanced if the worthy acrobat* had called themselves the party that *aved the Union. That nobody knows much about the Constitution except those who justified the rebellion upon sound constitutional principles is a Tammany axiom; and that there will be no constitutional regime until the party which tried to destroy the government administers it, is firmly believed by conservatives of the Fernando Wood school. Meanwhile let the student of American politics, the man who is wondering how his vote should be cast, look into the Tammany speeches of the Fourth, and find, if he can, any claim that the Democratic party had any share in the two greatest achievements in our history. He will find plenty of rhetoric about radicalism, and oppression, and extravagance, and centralization, and consolidation, and the glory of the Democracy; but not one of tha orators will have asserted that the Union was preserved, and the equality of all American citizens secured, by tho Democratic party. By their fruits yc shall know them. The organs of that party call it conservative ana constitutional, as they did in the winter of 1860-01. And there is no doubt that it is Just as conservative as when its chiefs in the last Cabinet it controlled were plotting rebellion because they were defeated at the polls; just as constitutional as when its last President declared that the government could not make war upon a state. But these probably are the “dead issues ” which the Democratic members of Congress warn their friends not to discuss. Other dead issues are slavery, which these fine friends of man straggled to retain; the Fifteenth Amendment, which they opposed because it gave those whom they could no longer enslave the security ot their freedom; and the laws imposing certain disabilities upon certain classes of the late insurgents. But the Congressional caucus does not urge acquiescence in the result. It speaks of dead issues, but it also suggests doubts of the validity of the Fourteenth Amendment or the test act. It advises conformity for the nonce, because otherwise there is no hope that members disqualified by the laws will be admitted to seats. Li fee every party out of power, it would yield everything but its resolution to return, and, when, once sure of its position, its equal resolution to unsettle everything just as fast and as far as it can. In the tone of the Tammany discourses the tone of the party may be heard. Is it manly, generous, American? Is it inspired by what is best and most intelligent in the country, or by Its ignorance and passion ? Is it from Tammany Hall, controlled by Messrs. Tweed and Bweeny, who drag at their triumphal chariot wheels their fiercest opponents, now loudly cheering their masters, that the American people wish to receive the polity -of their government]?— Harper's Weekly.

Our Young Folks.—The August qumbor contains chapter VUI. of We Girls—with two illustration*; Maria dl Campobollo—a poem—by T. W. Parsons; Avery entertaining and interesting article on The Sun—with seven illustrations—by Angnstns Holmes; A Child's Song of the Brook—poem—by Henry Gillman—with illustration; Bobhit’s Hotel, by Elizabeth Stuart Phelps; 'Our Menagerie—part IV., Eats—by T. W. Higginson—three illustrations; “Dat ar Bill,” by Elizabeth Kilham—full page illustration; Germs of Genius—poem—two illustrations; How to Drawpart ll.—by Charles A. Barry—twenty Illustrations; A Summer Day’s Pastime, etc. Fields, Osgood A Co., Boston, Haas. $2.00 per annua; an extra copy for every live subscriptions. The Atlantic Monthly and Our Young Foils. $5.00 a year.

The Atlantic Monthly.— Tho number for August contains: Joseph and hie Friend —Part Vlll.—by Beyard Tay.or; The Englleh Governess at the Siamese Court—Part IV.—from the Notes ot a Governess In the Royal Family of Slam; The Bmden of the Day—a Poem, by Bayard Tay 1 or; Oldtown Fireside Stories: Mis’ Elderkin’s Pitcher, by Harriet Beecher Stowe; A Virginian In New England Thirty-Five Years Ago, by James Rnssell Lowell’; Tbe French Claims, by E. H. Derby: Dorothy in the Garret—a Poem, by J. T. Trowbridge; The Grand Traverse Region of Michigan, by n. W. S. Cleveland; Mr. Hardback on tha Sensational In Literature and Life; Color-Blindncsi; Half-Way: a Story In Three Chapters, by G. S. Barrow; A Kentuckian’s Share In the Coqpd’Etat, by Sydney Hyde; A Day’s Pieatnre—ll.—The Afternoon, by W. D. Howells; Ode—Read at the Festival celebrating the birthday of Margaret Fuller Oasoll, by C. P. Cranch; Some Memories of Charles Dickens; Reviews and Literary Notices. Fields, Osgood & Co., 124 Tremont street, Boston, Moss. $4.00 per year.

The Children's Hour.—The August number of The Children's Jlour, published byT.S. Arthur & Sons, of Philadelphia, is as pure, and fresh, and beautiful as any former number. To the reader we would say, take as many magazines for your children as you can afford; but whether you take one or five, be sure that you let them h&ve “Ike Children's Hour." The price Is only $1.25 a year, and your children should have it if it cost twice as much. i

Arthur’s Home Magazine fob August:—Among the Ladies’ Magazines, this Is fast taking a leading position, not only for the high character of its reading, but for the beauty of its illustrations, and the fallnessand variety of Its fashion and needlework departments. Miss Townsend’s New story, " Jacqudlni," Increases in interest with every number; while the admirable Eeries of articles on “Woman’s Work and Woman’s Wages,” show a breadth and common sense in their treatment or a difficult snbject, worthy of til praise. T. S. Arthur & Sons, Philadelphia, the publishers of this elegant periodical, are untiring in their efforts to make it the leading lady's Uagzine of the country. Price, fit a year. Godey for August.— The August number of Oodey's Lady's Hoot contains a bandsome steel-plate, entitled “ Going Home;” a beautifal colored fashion plate, and other bsbion illustrations; a wood engraving, “The Leisure Hour;” a pretty piece of mnslc, “ Bitting in the Porch;” interesting stories, sketches, latest fashion Intelligence, valuable household recipes, etc:, etc. L. A. Godit, Philadelphia. 18.00 per annum; two copies, $3.00; three, $7,30; four, $10.00; five, and one extra, $14.00; eight, tad one extra, $31.00; eleven, and one extra, $27.30. Bybry Saturday.—No. 30, for week ending July 25, contains six full-page engravings: On the Beach at Newport; a portrait of Mdlle. O nistine Nilsson; Marie Antoinette, cm the occasion of her condemnation; Jo and the Professor, from Mira Alcott’s “Little Women;” July, by Gavarnl; Blithe May Day, from a painting by J. Fettle, A. B. A. -The nsual quantity of choice reading matter, including another Installment of “The Mystery of Edwlh Drood,” la given. Fields, Osgood A Co!, Boehm, Man. $6.00 per annum.

The Blood in Summer.

The blood deteriorates in hot weather. Prof use perspiration deprives ituf a portion or its nourishing and reproductive properties. Consequently, in summer, the fleck loses in some degree its firmness, the muscle* lack their uual elasticity and vigor, and the weight of the body diminishes. These are clear indications that tbe. ordinary supply of she life-sustaining principle afforded by the food ws eat, is not sufficient to meet the requirements of the system under a Ugh temperature. There Is another reason for this, betides the diced influence of the heat, ns.: tte loas of appetite and the weakening of the dlgefltve powers which it occasions. Under these elrcsmstanees a wholesome lnrlgorant Is evidently needed, and the beat and safest i» Hoetbttei’s Stoaach Bitters. This

admirable vegetable tonic and alterative sets Oror ably upon the syetem la several way#, lttncreaaes the appetite end fisetuutes digestion, thereby inclining the ttomach to receive and enabling it to aoetmilataa doe amount of non riehmant. It also tones the relaxed secretive organa and the bowels. -Under lie operation the proceae of emaciation, occaaloned by the drain through tho pores, la arrested, the Whole frame refreshed add Invigorated, and the spirit* exhilarated. Tha dyspeptic, the bilious, the nervous, the debilitated, scarcely need to be teld that It ie precisely the etlmulant and corrective they ought to take art this season. Thousands of them know the Tact by experience. Nothing in the pharmacopeia (or out of it) will supply Its place—least of all the trashy local nostrums which some nntcrupilons dealers wonld be glad, for the benoflt of tholr own pockets, to peddle out In Its steed.

Dl. Boon,, the proprietor and editor of the Lebanon, 0.. star, a prominent physician, says: Firry Davis’ Fain Killer, the old and well known remedy, which has acquired a world wide renown for the euro of sudden colds, coughs, etc., weak stomach, general debility, nursing sore, mouth, cankered mouth or throat, liver complaint, dyspepsia or indigestion, cramp and pain in the stomach. bowol complaint, painters’ colic, Asiatic cholera, diarrhea and dysentery, has lost none of Its good name by repeated trials; but continues to occupy a prominent position In every family medicine chest-H-T-IS6O-X.,however, like the Initials on the old Horn nu burners, mu a meaning. It represents saint Croix—ST, bring the convention-*!* univalent of Paint, an* lyt-S-0 standing for the letters C-F-O-I. and so forming, with the concluding X, the word Croix, lly placing the trademark and the name olthe Island in juxtaposition, with the figure* over the letters they are Intended to denote, the explanation will be understood: B, T. 18M. X. , 8 T OKOI X. Nothin* oan be more tlmplr, or, It may he, more appropriate. Bt. Orolx Bum la the stimulating basis of Iho PLAkTATtoir B itt ana, and It la, therefore, "In accordance with the fitness of things,” that at. Croix should be the basis of their business shibboleth.

Batchelor’s Hair Dye. This splendid hair dyo J» the best In the world, the only true and perfect Dye; harmless, reliable. Instantaneous; no disappointment; no ridiculous tint*; remedies the 111 eObcts of had eyes ; invigorates and leaves the hair aoft and beautiful black or brown. Sold by all Druggists and Perfumers, and proporly applied at the Wig Factory, 16 Bona street, New Duran’s Catarrh fcnuff Stiengthens Weak Byes—lmproves the Hearing, Relieves Headache, Promotes Expectoration, Cores Catarrh In Its worst forms, and sweetens the Breath. It contains no Tobacco, Is mild, and promotei a pleasant sensation and beneficial resnltsto all who appreciate “ A Clear Head.” Bold everywhere by Druggieta. Kiddxk A WwrHrmxLL, Agents, 104 Willlam-st., New York. IT yon do not feel weß you send Tor a doctor, he calls upon you, looks wise, scrawls some hieroglyphics upon a piece of paper which you take to a drug store and there pay 60 cents to SI.OO, besides tbs doctor’s feo, for a remedy nine times out often not half so good as Dr. Korss’s Indian Root Pills, which cost bnt 95 cents per box. Do yon think the former tke best because you pay the moat for It f If you do, we advise you to use, just is an experiment, tie ■Morbs’s Indian Root Pills. They are prepared from a formula pronounced by the moat learned physicians of our country, to be the beet and most universal of family medicines. The lOßsa’s Indian Root Pills cure Headache, Livsr complaints. Indigestion, Dyspepsia, Female Irregularities, Ac., and are put up both sugar-coated and plain. Give them a trial. Bold by all deilers. The new food prepared fiooi Fka Mobs Fabini Is meeting with wonderfkl sncces*; and well It may, for s more delightful desiert lor the table cannot be imagined.

Tbe Most Popular Medicine Extant. 1840^Thirty - rears {(870 Since the Introduction of PERRY DAVIS’ PAIN KILLER. Thirty years It has been before the public, and tn that time has become known in all parts of the world, and been used by people of all nations It remains, today, that same good and efficient remedy. Its wonderful power lu relieving the most severe pains has never been equaled, and it has enrnod Its world-wide popularity by Its Intrinsic merit. No curative agent has lad so wide-spread sale or* given such universal satlslactlon. Direction, accompany each bottle. J. HT. HARRIS & CO., Bole Proprietors, Cincinnati, Ohio. RsM hyall Drwgglsts. Sj Sj SOMETHINGS NEW! Will all those Afflicted with Cough or Consumption Read the following and learn the value of ALXj BN’S LUNG- BALSAM. DR. LLOYD, of Ohio. Surgeon In the army during the war, from exposure, contracted consumption. Ife says: “I have no hesitancy In stating that It was by the use of your LUNG BALSAM that I am now alive snd enjoying health.” OR. FLETCHER, of Missouri, says: “ recommend yonr BALSAM in preference to any other medicine for Coughs, and it gives satisfaction. V ALLEN’S LUNG BALSAM Is the remedy to cure all Lung and Throat difficulties. It should be thoroughly tested Iwfore using any other Balssm. It will cure when all others fall. Directions accompany each bottle. 1. ar. HARRIS & CO., Bole Froprle'ors, Cincinnati, Ohio. Ey SOLD BT ALL DRUGGISTS, $75 TO SOLDIERS Having Artificial Lltsbs—by recent set of Congress. Apply to B. S. BLOOM A CO.. U. B. Claim Agents. Shelby, Ohio. NEVADA HOTEL; At entrance of Washlngton-st. Tunnel, Corner Washington and Franklin Streets, CHICAGO. This Hotel, just completed and elegantly furnished, Will aiford to visitors and conntry merchants the best accommodation to bn lonnd In the <-!ty. Thumb, *2.50 per day. THOB. KENDRICK & CRAB, G. BOWEN, Proprietors. GOI-DEN FOUNTAIN FEN. GREATEST INVENTION OF THE AGE. AcknowlI* 1 edgrai by all who have i l i*i-ania. used It to be tbe best pen madeoreold la thleoonntry! will not corrode. Sixty lines written with one pen of Ink! Will outwear a dozen beet steel pens. Fntuplnnent slide boxes, gold only by Agents, and for tils reason any energetic person can realize *2OO per month. Profit over 220 per cent. Two t amplo pens, 10 cents; two hoxes. 50 cents; five boxes, *1.00; twelve boxes, *2.00. Address WESTERN PUBLISHING CO., Pittsburgh. Pa. Black as the Raven’s Wing Is Kidder's Raven Indelible Ink. It flows freely, never blots, and never fades. Used os easily as common Ink, with a steel or a quill pen. Remember “ Raven Ink.” Bold everywhere. KIDDER * WETHERELL. Manufacturers, N.T. NORTHWESTERN FEMALE COLLEGE, AT XVANBTON Twllbln sight of Chicago’. HI. The - Fall Term will begin September 5,1870. The course of Study is thoronyh. There 1* a strong corps of Tcacnera and lecturers fn the Faculty Tbe College has a good library, and philosophic*! apparatn i. Music, French, Italian. Herman, Drawing and nintluc, Taught only by superior Professors. Address W. P. JONES. President.

npo CONSUMPTIVES.—Youc»n get a snre cure A for Gout ha and Golds, and all lung complaints o-ee. It has cured thousands. Send for It to DANIEL ADEE, F. O. Box 8531, New York. ENOCH MOKOAN'S SONS’ US. Is Better ail Cheaper than Soap. TKY IT. Wholesale In Ckcaoo and St. Lotus BY PKUGGIWTU AMP GROCERS. F)B A CIRCULAR or caat Interest to everybody address D. B- GALLAKpRa, Toledo, Ohio. ABR FOB THE “ORIENT” FLAVORING EX TRACTS—'The Purest and Best In use. L. J. HITZ A CO-Stl Btute-st, Chicago. FEVBR AJf# A«£E. DANBIGKU’B VEGETABLE FEVER POWDERS. A safe remedy. Effectually cures all cases wt thin twenMenses. Wan anted to preserve Dickies. First premium awarded »t the U. E Falr, the minols State Fair, and Chicago City Fair. Largest works of the kind In the

ABREAT MEDICAL DISCOVERY Dr. WALKER'S CALIFORNIA VINEGAR BITTERS

*Hundrtds of Thoueands Bear testimony re thslr Wondcr- 1 ful Curative Effect* WHAT ARE THEY? /W a \ THEY ARE irfß-A VILE FANCY DRINK,

FOR FEMALE COMPLAINTS, whether In young or old, married or tingle, at the dawn of womanhood or at the turn of life, these Tonic Bitters have bo eqoaL IF* Send for a circular.

•■——- Made of Poor Ruin, Whiskey, Proof Splri.i and Refuse I.iqßore doctored,Spleed andsweetenedto pleaso the taste, called “ Tonics," " Appetizers,” “Restorers,” do., that lead,the tippler on to drunkenness and rain,bnt are * tree Medicine, mado from tho Native Roots and Herbs of California,free* from nil Alcoholic Ktlmulauts. They arc tho GREAT BLOOD PURIFIER and A LIF-* GIVING PRINCIPLE a perfect Renovator and Invlgorator of the Bystcm, carrying off all poisoner* matter and restoring the blood to a healthycondltl.- J. No porson can take these Bitter! according to dl.lotion end remain long unwell. SIOO will be given for an Incurable case,provided the bonce are not destroyed by mineral poison or other meane, and tbs vital organs wasted beyond tha point of repair. For Inflammatory and Chronic RhenmutSans and Gout, Dyspepsia, or !udlgCHtlnu r miions.Rcmlttent and Intermittent Fcvero Diseases of the Blood, Liver, Kidneys nit * Bladder > there Bitters have been most succe'--ful. Such Diseases ore canted by Vitiat-. ’ Blood .which Is generally produced by derangem* ut of the Digestive Organs. DYSPEPSIA OR INDIGESTION, H.ad ache, Pain In the Shoulders, Conght, lightness of t ms Chest, Dizziness, Soar Eructations of the Stomach, Bad tasto In the Mouth, Bilious Attacks, Palpitation ot the Heart, Inflammation ol tlm Lungs,l’ain la tl>J regions of the Kidneys, and a hundred other palnihl symptoms, aro the offsprings of Dyspepsia. They Invigorate the stomach, andstlmulate the too pld liver and bowels, which render them of u ncqualle - efficacy In cleansing the blood of all Impurities, and Imparting now life and vigor to the whole system. FOR SKIN DISEASES, Ernptlous,Tetter, Salt Rhuem.Blotchos, Spots, Pimples, Pustnles, Bolls,Car. buhelea, Ring-Worms, Scald Head, Sore Eyes, Eryslp. elas, Itch, Scurfs, Discolorations or the Skin, Humor* andDiaeascsor the Skin, of whatever name or nature aro literally dug up and carried out of tho system In a short time by the uacof these Bitters. One bottle In such cases will convince tbe most Incredulous of their curative effect. Cleanse the Vitiated Blood whenever you find !t* Impurities bursting through the skin InPlmples.Emptions or sores j cleanse It when you find It obstructed and sluggish In the veins; cleanse It when It is foul, and your feollnge will tell you when. Keep the blood pure and the healtft of the system will follow. PIN, TAPE and other WORMS, lurking in tho system of so many thonsands, are effectually destroyed and removed. For full directions, read careftl-’y the circular around each bottle, printed In four languages—English, Gorman, French snd Spanish. J. WALKER, Proprietor. It. H. MCDONALD * 00,, Druggists and Gen. Agents, San Francisco, Cal, and 32 and 84 Commerce Street, New Tork. jy SOLD BY ALL DRUQGIST9 AND DEALERS.

PATENTS! Inventor* who with to take out Letters Patent are advised to counsel with MUNN A CO., editor* of the Scientific American* who have prosecuted claims before the Patent Offloe fbr over Twenty year*. Their American and European Patent A*eney 1* the most extensive in the world. Charges lees than any other reliable agency % A pamphlet containing full lnstmo* turns to Inventors is sent gratis. MTJXsTISr Sb 00., ar Park Row, New York. We IHlsnse our Bodies. It would bsss rational tiendeayorto repair a watch with a chiail aid a sledge hammer,ns to attempt to remedy the derangements of the delicate organs of digestion and secretion with drastic cathartics. In Tarrant's E*vrbvxsobxt s:bi/iz*r Aprriknt, are combined. In due proportion, all the Ingredients required to relieve the bow*l* from obstructions, invigorate the stomach, regulate the quantity and Improve the quality 01 tLe gastric Juice and the bile, and neutralize any acid matter that may exist in tue circulation. BOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS. CA-UTION TO WATCH BUYERS, Unaernpnlan* parties are telling worthiest Swiss Watnhee Wearing trademark, very nearly similar to the trademark* of genulae Waltham Watches. Tlfle U not only a fraud on the purchaser, bat a greet Injury to the reputation or the genuine watch. To avoid Imposition, buyer, ehould Insist on getting genuine Waltham Watches and take no other. Tina u ths only safe rule, since some teller, frequently endeavor to sell other watches In preference on which larger profits are made. The trademarks of the various styles are: AMERICAN WATCH Co Waltham, Maes. AMN. WATCH Co Waltham, Maes. AMERICAN WATCH Co.-Orescentot.Waltham, Maes. APPLETON, TRACY A Co Waltham, Maas. WALTHAM WATCH Co Waltham,M*aa. P. S, BARTLETT Waltham, Mare. WM. ELLERY Wa'tham, Mas*. HOME WATCH Co ...Boston, Maas. Examine the spelling of these names carefully before buying. Any variation even or a single letter Indicate* a counterfeit. For sale by all leading Jewelers. ROBBINS at APPUrrOR, General Agents, l»9 Brosdysy. N.Y.

HOFF’S . M Alt extracT

HOFF’S MALT EXTRACT la not only renowned In cues of Hoarseness, Coughs, Dyapepa la, etc,, and on ncrount of It* non-excittng properUea as a beverage which can.be used at all times uy every one, but la doubly so In cases of Tnborcniar Consumption. The official reports of many of the military hospl ala of Ehrope stat*.that: " it puts a stop to the Uroad or this powerful enemy, and renders the progress of the malady Impossible. It Is a direct antagonist to a tubercular, morbid constitution by preventing the settling and fixing of the albuminous matter; moreover. It powerfully excites the an lvlty of the lungs ana Increases the circulation ol the bloed.” SOLD BY A' «• OBUGGIBrS aND GROCERB TAKKAKTA C0.,378 Oreeuwlch Bt.,N. Y., Bonn AuuN'ia fob U sited Matis. ato , PROMPT, HONORABLE, STRgVIQHTFORWARD • . * Agents wanted In every city, town and village for the largest and moat •nrcMSlul DOLLAR HOUBKIn the country—THE ONLY ONE Indorsed by the loading papers and Express Companies of the United States. Our goods give universal sattsiacton. our Premiums to Agßnta OANNWT BB nxcBLLXo, and our checks are Dee. Having two Houses—Bo-ton and Chicago—onr facilities ere unequwlled, and our business exceeds In amount uU other nous- s in this trade combined. ytr Bend for Circulars and Free Club to • 8. C. THOMPSON Si. CO., 73 Lake-at., Chicago, or IK Fedeial et, Boston. P.S—Country dealers having Dollar fttorea nrdepsrtirtnts will find It to their advantage to tx*v><ne our stock before purchasing eisewlu re. Hp ctalbergainsln Hosiery, Townie, Handkerchiefs, etc. s— ■— -s Weed Family Favorite As now perfected and maaulhctnred by the Weed BJL GO., of Bartfbrd, is the best end most re liable FAMILY SEWING MACHINE For ell kind* of family work In nse. Hespoaslbt* Agents wanted In every comity. A liberal mscountto the trade. Bend for price list end terms to GBCMVTHOM a SSs t -

They are a GentTe Put-gat lv# aa 77*11 ae a Ton'd, possessing also, the peculiar merit of acti ng as a powerful sc mt In relieving Congestion or Inflammation of the Liver, snd all the Visceral Organs.