Rensselaer Republican, Volume 25, Number 4, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 22 September 1892 — Page 2

■ THE REPUBLICAN. ..y.a»«rr*4rf ,—, .u. ~ i Gku K. Mimxiu. Publisher. A |_ OTNSSET.AEU ‘ INDIANA

Switzerland hasa hotel 900 years old, and it's «bout the youngest thing that Switzerland has. A specialist in bacteriology says that wnly the poor are in danger from cholera. So far as the casual observer can learn it is only the poor who are in danger of anything on this great footstool. John Howard . and wife, who walked from Seattle to Chicago on a wager, arrived in tho latter city ahead of time. Their feet were swol-’ len to twice their natural size, but that was, ht course, not noticed in Chicago. * A correspondent of an exchange asks: “What is good for cholera?’’ It is believed that sliced cucumbers, immature or over mature fruits, mixed with a good deal of ice water and whisky, are about the best and most accessible things for cholera, but we would not like to recommend them for the patients. SotxxcK is inexorable. The ‘‘’bloodstained hatchet" which was to convict Lizzie Borden of having murdered her father and stepmother has. been examined by a microscopist, who finds that the red spots are not blood at all, and that the hair found is not human: He also finds no blood upon Lizzie Borden's clothing, and no trace of poison in the stomachs of the dead people, and so disposes of another police “theory" which many people in Fall River were strongly inclined to accept as the equivalent of a proved fact. What evidence there may be against Lizzie Borden it is impossible as yet to say, but the evidence on which her neighbors and the police were so ready to believe her guilty seems to have been no evidence at all. For the first time in political history electricity will play quite a prominent part in the Presidential campaign this fait Orders aggregating several thousand dollars have already been given for electrical torchcrs, lanters and helmets, and electrical supply houses throughout the country are receiving inquiries as to the cost of these naw aifls to dazzling display and parades every day. The oklfoul smelling and decidedly dangerous torch will be in a great measure supplanted’ by an electrical torch which will givie out ten-fold as much light without a particle of either danger or smel), and enthusiasts will parade in large numbers with helmets brilliantly illuminated by aid of storage batteries and concealed wires. In this onq respect at least the campaign will be an improvement on its predecessors. Ip Frjday be an unlucky day this country has very little to hope for Columbus sailed from Palos on Friday, firjt saw this country on Fri-' day, and reached Palos again on Friday. This country was named for Americus Vespucius on Friday. Congress passed the bill providing for the World’s Fair on Friday, the President signed it on Friday, it was on Friday that Chicago was decided upon as the place for holding the greht exposition, on Friday the committee agreed to report the five million dollar loan bill to the House, on Friday the bill was amended making the appropriation $2,500,000, the bill passed both Houses on Friday and was signed by the President on Friday. The 400th anniversary fills on Friday and yet nobody has urged closing the institution on Fridajf, despite this record which must startle the superstitious. Arnqsa men of letters George William Curtis must be counted one of the most fortunate in all thut went to shape his career. He was never a rich man, even in a ver)’ moderate sense of the term, but he was always a man to whom life opened hcrchoicest opportunities, its she does to few who have the problem of earning as that of doing §et them to solve. There came to him at almost every j atep of his career the circumstances most favorable to the development of his mind and character and to the doing of his bjest work hi the best way. In his youth he was permitted an intimate intereousc with Emerson Hawthorne, Margaret Fuller and others of the wisest,, teachers a receptive tr.lnd could know. Then came extended and leisurely travel, in the be4tof good company, to correct any narrowness of view that auch associations might havo produced, and to enrich a mind peculiarly well prepared to receive impressions and to make them the bases of sound thinking.

TOPICS OF THESE TIMES.

'TWO KINDS OF TARIFF. 3 £ GOVERNOR MCKINLEY. Put the tariff upon tie thing you don’t produce, and who fixes the price to you 9 Who pays the tariff on sugar? We produce eight per cent, of the sugar we consume. ' We collected $56,690,000 annually in taxes upon sugar; who paid that tax? Why, it deoends upon who fixed the price. Did the American producer ‘of sugar fix the price? He produced 8 per cent, of all we consumed; he contrqlled About 8 per cent, of this market. Did he fix the price, or did the producers who controlled 92 per cent, fix the price to the consumer upon sugar? He did, because there was no competition at home to regulate. Now, let me illustrate the difference: A tariff upon that pitcher isss pcr cent,Every dollar’s worth of that kind of goods that comes from Europe puts into the public treasury 55 cents; every SIOO puts in t 55 every thousand dollars $550 That is a Republican protective tariff. The tariff was put there not, alone for revenue, but for the building up of the pottery industry in the United States. [Applause.] The Democratic party, haying no other consideration in view than revenue, would make the tariff 15 per cent, on that kind of ware instead of 55 per cent. Then every ship that came in would bring a‘cargo of this kind of ware from abroad. Fifteen per cent would encourage this foreign importation and you would J>ut mole money into the Federal Treasury with 15 per cent, than with 55 per cent., but while you are doing that every ship load woqld take the place of that much produced in the United States and would drive thousands and thousands of workingmen from employment that, are now employed by this industry in the United States. You are putting out the fires in your own factories and workshops and taking away from the workingmen of this country the employment which lie enjoys to-day. Which do you like best? [Applause.] - REPUBLICANS ARMED From the Arsenal of the Democratic Flatform. Whitelaw Reid. Our enemies have made our campaign for us. Hold them to their own deliberately avowed principles. We go to the people claiming that the Republicans have given the country a clean, honorable, business like and highly successful administration, tha t a change without cause is a business injury to every citizen, and that there is no occasion for a change. The Democrats want the country to have an immediate and absolute change. They want to repeal the ■McKinley.tariff at once. They denounce a protective tariff of any sort or description; refuse to let tariff legislation have the slightest reference to the defense of the American workingmen’s wages; declare that Washington and Madison, and even Andrew Jackson, didn’t understand the ConstitufTTon, and that nobody but themselves and Jefferson Davis ever did; denounce everything but a pure tariff for revenue only as unconstitutional, want to get rid of our reciprocity, and demand a return to wildcat banking. Hold them to their doctrine. Never have they rushed so plainly and palpably upon their fate since the memorable week in 1864, when their declaration that the war for the Union was a failure was instantly answered by the victorious thunders Of Sherman’s guns from Atlanta, and the triumphant cheers of Sheridan’s troops from the valley. Let us rise up and go forward. They have been blinded again to their own destruction. and are delivered into our hands. GOOD OLD DEMOCRATIC TIMES. Indianapolis Journal. The South Bend Tribune mentions the case of an old carpenter in that city who, on the Bth of May, 1858, did a day’s work for one of the local merchants and also bought some goods of him. The bill for thegodos was as follows: fl yards calico. 12J$c 11.13 fl yards lawn. IflVvc 1 13 8 Ins. cottee sugar. 12J<c LUO 12 lbs. 8d nails, 7c. M Tot al fl.lo The carpenter got $1.50 for his day’s work, deducting which from the bill left him in debt to the merchant §2,60. This was in good old Democratic times' under a tariff for revenue only. If the transaction had taken place on May 8, 1892. under Republican protection, the carpenter would have received, instead of $1.50, $3 for his labor, and his purchases' would have cost him $1.52 instead of $4.10. Instead of coming out $2 in flebt he would have had his goods and $1.48 in cash. THE WILDCAT WAULING. The Southern Democratic press is enthusiastic in advocating the plank of their platform which advocates the repeal of the 10 per cent, tax on State banks. The Atlanta Constitution thinks that if we “repeal this tax and any community in our State thas has men of honor and integrity can. under proper regulation, issue bills thas will serve as currency just as well as national bank bills or gold or silver. If a man wants to use his money iu New York or Chicago be takes this local currency to the bank and buys exchange on those places. Their bills are not a legal tender. You need not take them unless you know they are gobfl.” This is a bolder advocacy of the cld wild-cat banking system than bosytt been seen during the cam-

paign. Under the old system rfien of honor and integrity could, and many did issue bills that would serve as ! currency. A great many men of honor and without integrity did the same thing. A few of the latter .kind would serve to discredit the whole issue of their State or city in neighboring money centers. Even that was good only for a few miles from the place of its issue. By taking it into the next State one would have to discount it and pocket a lose. ‘ Detectors” containing elaborate lists of the different banks of issue and the rates of discount on their bills at different places had to be carefully studied by every man doing business. Note-shavers made the ; money that business men- lost by i these discounts. A man who i had good money would often not be able ! to get the face value of it, and often ; the failure of a bank, organized especially to issue currency, would leave no one responsible to pay the Tuct valtto. The ■Constitutiott is frank in advocating this bad and ■ dangerous old system and knows it I would be. the natural result of the : repeal of the State bank tax. Here Lis the hope it extends: L—What do they lend money oh when they take our 6 per cent, bonds at ' sixty and seventy cents on the dollar? , Don’t thej r lend it on the faith and gbod Ci*edit of the -borrower? Then why can’t we bank on our own faith and credit, and get rid of this • outrageous toil. There is but one i thing in the way and it is this i tax of 10 per cent, on currency. The fact that your six per cent, bonds brings only “sixty and seventy Cents ou-the dollar” is pretty good evidence of the condition a curreticy issued on your own “faith and credit" would soon get into. United States G ••• ■'rnment bonds bearing 2 per cent, ii.-erest, sell in the market at par—dollar for dollar, Under the present banking system those bond's stand pledged and held for the circulation of the national banks. No one ever lost a dollar or had to discount a dollar of national bank notes. THE DEMOCRATIC POSITION ON SILVER. _J3ML_lexos Democratic, .platform contains the following plank: “While we yield to the wisdom of a majority of the National Democ - racy in making the reduction of revenue taxation to the necessities of the Government economically administered, the paramount, leading issue of this campaign, upon the policy thut it is safest to make the struggle to secure one reform at a time, we nevertheless proclaim our adherence to the principle, justice and necessity of a free and unlimited coinage of silver at the ratio heretofore provided by law, and shall continue to contend for it. We therefore commend our Senators and Representatives for tlieir faithful efforts to promote the success of this measure and pledge that they shall so continue.” The St. Louis Republic remonstrates with those Texas Democrats who claim that this plank is in antagonism with the plank of the National Democratic platform. The Republic maintains that “to dissent Jrom the silver plank adopted at Houston is to dissent from the Democratic policy declared in the platform adopted at Chicago." The felicitous method by which Colonel Jones, editor of the Republic has brought into agreement the contrarieties of the national platform and the sentiments of the musses of the party as shown in their State platforms, is shown in’ the following style of the quotation he makes from the natiohar platform: “ We hold to the use of both gold and silver as the standard money of the country, and to the coinage of both gold and silver without discrimination against either metal or charge for mintage, but the dollar unit of coinage of both metals must be of equal intrinsic and exchangeable value to be adjusted by international agreement, or by such safeguards of legislation as shall insure the maintenance of the parity of the two metals and the equal power of every dollar at all times in the mar ket and in the payment of debts. " This is the kind of arrangement Colonel Jones sought to work into the Democratic platform for u tariff plank. Seeing how beautifully it operates under his skillful guidance ! on the silver question, he may well | say to the'enemies who defeated his i tariff plank. “ I told you so.” The' Neal substitute can only be inter- j preted in one way, and that for free I trade. His could be used in one way ] and in other sections in a different , way, just as this silver plank can. ■ A New York Democratic newspaper. for instance, (if there is such a thing left) could print in plain type the part of the silverplank thatGolonel Jones has italicised and, begin- I ning with the BUT, could italicize the last section, which is put in to make the minds of the Eastern Democrats easy. Thus the platform can be differently interpreted to suit fche different sections, but must always be interpreted the same, as it indicates the dishonesty of the Democratic party. A DEADLY BLOW AT LABOR. The loaders of Democrac y are now as truly engaged in an c;X>rt to overthriiw the American system of government, so far as it relates to the encouragement and protection of' labor, as was the Southern Dcinocra- I cy while It was attempting to destroy ' American institutions. The protective system has been so [ long in operation in this country that it may properly be regarded as the American system. Under it the nation has grown great, wealthy and

prosperous. There is no land under the sun where labor brings as much comfort and where laborers have so many happy homes. Under the most recent rearrangement of the tariff, a Republican measure,jfrom first to last, these conditions of labcr have been still further improved, prices are coming down. wages arc increasing, * and production is multiplying in a most gratifying degree. The Feck report proves- all this for the great State of New York by statistics which cannot be denied. What is true for the first State in the Union , must be true for all the rest. f-- The New York condition may be I called the first returns from the working'.of the McKinley tariff. And this testimony’ in its favor and its praise is Democratic testimony. The' business of the countrv is rapidly I arranging itself under the new; cbffditions. and it is found that the promise c'f full employment for labor at good wages was never before so good; that Industrial enterprises were never before so rapidly developing, i and that under the reciprocity feat- : ure of the new law the trade of the j country is receiving such an impetus as has been unknown soy many years. ?■ These conditions resul t from the development of the American system ! of promoting trade and manufactur-ing-enterprises, and iff ting- labor above the pauper level to the happi est condition whichit has ever known in any land, while there is sure promise of still better things in the near future, This is tlie system which the Democratic leaders are united to destroy. In fact, they are crying out that the destruction of this system is their sole issue in’the present compaign. To replace its pleasant and solid realities they offer laboring men, and the farming interests of the country nothing but a theory of free trade. Worse still, what they offer is an untried theory here. It has never been a matter of practice in this land.. This nation has become mighty and prosperous beyond any other nation under the protective system, being the only first class power in the world that is paying its wav. And the Democracy is attempting to persuade labor to turn away from the system which has produced this condition, and adopt in its place a system winch in all other lands has degraded labor and sunk it to the level of pauperism. Do American workmen desire to risk a change? Will they vote to exchange the certainties of the present system for a i hollow and deceitful theory? NOT S 3 A WEEK, . ‘ This Is the Pittance of tho British Free Trad© Laborer# New York Recorder, -London, Aug. 10.—The “ benefits ” I that free trade has brought to the I English Laboring classes are not | strikingly shown in the proceedings j of the Brnomsgrove Local Board, | which, after a Idng debate, resolved > ‘ that 13 shillings a week in summer i and 12 shillings in winter are not I sufficient wages for ‘strong, able i bodied’ road men and sewage shiftI ers who have to find their own picks I ana shovels, and who work eleven : hours every day. ” This pittance is, i unfortunately, rather the rule than ; the exception in the agricultural districts of England. The “ benefits" of free trade have never been participated in by the lowest class of workers, in fact,since English farmers and cattle breeders ' have been allowed to drift toward bankruptcy by the government's failure to give them even a modicum of protection, the day laborer s condition has sunk from bad to worse. And even if he were to get the benefit of Mr. Gladstone’s extended franchise, his financial position would not be improved. After the “long debate’’ of the Broornsgrpve Board the decision was finally arrived at to raise the wages Of the poor devils a shilling a week —making it tho magnificent sum of $2.75 a week for seventy-seven hours work. In agreeing tb*ra : se, however, a Mr. Stevenson, tlie chairman, “hoped that political capital might not be made out of the advance. ” Such is thc>condition of the day laborer jn free trade England.

WATTERSON'S EMOTIONS. Louisville Courier-Journal (Dem.) Let evary true. Democrat fall in line, aud all along the column let the banners wave and the song be “down with the robber tariff ! ” • Down with the robber tariff in the East. Down with the /obber tariff in the North. Down with the robber tariff in the West. Down with the roUbcr tariff In the South. Down with the thieving duties at the custom houses ; down wi,|h the swindling reciprocity treat’.cs : down with the cant about tho wago earners ; down with the fraud that taxes make wealth . down with all thc'fallaciesof protection, aqd up with the starry flag of the Union, Free Trade and Sailork’ Rights!

The Finest Rallway Station.

It will probabh’ surprise most people to learn that the finest railway station in the world is in India, in Bombay, which cost $1,500,000 and took ten years to build. The finest in Europe will be, whop completed, the new cential station at Frankfort-on-thc-Mam. A very costly station is also to be erected by the North British Company at its Edinburg ternumiK. ... , ] Water works are to pe constructed in Naperville at a cost of $100,000.. |

CHOLERA WITHUS.

Five Deaths in New York From the Asiatic Plague. Th« New« Spreads Rapidly and a Feelinc of Great Alarm Takes Possession of . the People. The Asiatic plague has obtained a foothold in New York. Five deaths from the disease have occurred, tho first on Sept. 6 and the others on the :0 h, 11th and 13thSuch was the report made by the health officers Wednesday, after having made thorough investigations of all the caseST Now that cholera has developed, it lies within each individual’s power to assure bis own personal safety almost beyond peradventure. Ho has butte drink no water and milk, except such as have been thoroughly boiled, and to eat no food that has not been thoroughly and freshly cooked; he will abstain from butter and cheese, and may then possess his soul in serenity. Cholera wflljiassblfii-by. Ever since tho Moravia arrived in port., as the harbinger of this dreaded plague. State and local officials have been straining every nerve to prevent its gaining a foothold and being spread by various channels to the country at large. The health officials have been strict, even to severity; but. while all were looking seaward, and while, preparations were made to repel an advance from across the water, it-has quietly made its* presence felt in our midst and the five mentioned mark its advent. How did it get in? is thequestion ou every one’s lips. One of the doctors formerly belonging to tho Board of Health, in speaking of tiio probability of the spread of cholera, said: “The present indications point to an epidemic of ebolera which will require tho most stringent measures on the part of the authorities to prevent it from assuming large proportions. The fact that the history of the cases are so far unknown makes the danger all tho greater, as the points of distribution of cholera germs may bo many. Were these centers of infection known measures might be taken to destroy the gorms and guard agains) the further spread. THE FIVE VICTIMS. Charles McAvoy was seized with cramps In the legs on Monday evening, but felt better in the morning, and went to his work. At 11 o’clock in. the forenoon lie camo home and' said ho was sick. He wont to bed and had a fresh attack of cramps The pain extended to the abdomen and kidneys, and violent diarrhea and vbmlting followed? Dr. Robert Boshon, of No. 354 West Fifty-sixth street, was called in. He diagnosed the case as Asiatic cholera, and called Dr. H. Robinson, of No. 413 West Fifty-eighth street, Im consultation. He confirmed tho diagnosis. In the evening MeAvoy died and the doctors notified the Board of Health. An autopsy was held on McAvoy’s bodv and the house was disinfected as a measure of precautionThe result of the autopsy was declared by Dr. Briggs to be *'not at all. suggestive of Asiatic cholera, while showing the familiar signs of cholera morbus.” However, some of the intestinal fluid was taken to sanitary headquarters and an attempt made to raise comma bacilli in it by cultivation in a soil of gelatine and beef soup A fine crop was the result. William Wicman and his wife Sophia were an aged couple who lived alone at Ft Eleyeyth avenue. He was fifty-two znd she sixty-three years old. She was seized first and died after an illness of several days, it is said. Before she wa 8 dead her husband fell ill and died two days later while she lay yet unburied. An autopsy was made upon their bodies at the reception hospital. Dr. Biggs had barely got through with his examination of tho intestinal contents of the two corpses -before ho was called to the hospital to perform an autopsy on Charlotte Beck. That was early Wednesday morning. It was tho discovery of the characteristic signs of the Asiatic pest in her bowels that caused the officials to issue a proclamation to the board i Wednesday afternoon. Mrs. Beck was seized with violent eramps in the leg and abdomen Tuesday morning. Dr. Vandergally was called in. He diagnosed the case promntly as Asiatic cholera and notified tho health board. , He saw her at 9:25. At 11 o’clock sbo was ' dead. Sho died in collapse. The fifth case is said to be that of Minnie Levlnger, a child, who died Sept 11< at Nd. 411 East Fortieth street

CHOLERA NOTES.

Cholera is reported to be raging at Vera Cruz. There is another case of Cholera in New York. Two new cases of cholera and one death are reported at>Stettin. Coffin makers have agreed to raise the price of coffiqs on account of the presence of cholera. 5 Herr Hermann, a well-known correspondent of the Boersen Courier, of Berlin, has died la Hamburg of Asiatic cholera. The German papers, Id dismissing the cholera epidemic, note that places situated on mountains are not cholera proof and tho basins of the Rhino and Moselle appear to enjoy absolute immunity from cholera. A report issued by the French Health Department says that there has been a rapid decrease in the number of Isolated cases of cholera In tho northern districts of France. Seven cases of cholera and three deaths havo occurred in the village of Moix Devaut Virtom, in Belgian Lnxumbourg. The captain of the steamer Maas, from Luxembourg, di Ad at Rotterdam of Asiatic cholera Monday. The war is over at Fire Bland, the enraged mob having peacefully submitted to the inevitable. The Normannla passengers have been landed and everything possible is being done tomako them comfortable. Tho Attorney-General has wlied Governor Flower at New York, tfiat Judge L Barnard’s i nJ unction on th- Governor and

■ ■■■■l, ~ , I I I !■ n fII I , , I*n i J health officer Jenkins against the use of Fire island is not binding. The Attorney General says, in a like case, the Supreme Coiirt held that the health officer of the port of New York was a State officer, and the Attorney-General holds that do injunction can be granted against such use of Fire island by a State officer, except by. the general term, mftder Section 605 of Ute code of civil procedure. z The Ne w York Board of education will make special effort to keep the public schools in a heal th v and cleanly condition. The citizens of Toledo, 1 0., are angry and charging the treasury department with breaking down their cholera quarantine through its refusal to pay for a tug employed In stopping vessels. The Hoboken, N. J., board of health, to--make sure that none of the infected steamships shall come to Hoboken, haveissued orders to the police to allow ho vem sei to land at any of the Hoboken docks without a permit from the local board o? health. The tank steamer Heligoland, Captain Donklage, which arrived at Quarantine Tuesday night from Altona, on the Elbe . a little below Hamburg, and is now anchored in tho lower bay, had two deaths on board among her crew, from cholera. The Spanish government has declared' quarantine against New, Y'ork. The official Gazette announces that all vessels arriving at Spanish ports will be detainedPersons arriving at frontier stations from New York will also be subjected to quarantine. There is little comfort in tho news of the cholera. Another original case Is reported within New York city; Brooklyn and New Haven have suspected cases, and another shipful of steerage passengers has reached New York harbor from Hamburg with a .report of eleven deaths since sailing, fifteen days ago.

ANARCHY IN INDIAN TERRITORY.

Choctaw Political Factions at War—A. Dozen Men Reported Murdered. The situation over tho contested National election in Indian Territory between the two political parties of the Choctaw Nation—the Nationals and Progressives—grows more warlikeevery hour. It is reported now that a band of Nationalists have killed twelve Progressives near McAlister. Everything is In an uproar STH. Lester, a white man but a citizen by marriage, who has been running a red hok. Progressive newspaper at South McAlister, has placed himself under the protection of the United States authorities, as the insurgents were after his scalp. TheNationalists are concentrating and arming themselves. It Is feared that’ the worst has not come yet. Governor Jones, who is now at Cuddo, wired for United States Indian Agent Bennett, who met the Governor at 3 o'clock Tuesday morning. Agent Bonnett suggested that he callout a troop of United States cavalry to arrest ail the parties engaged in the riot and hold the troops ready to go to the national council meeting when the Governor is to take’ his seat. It seems that a plot has been made to kill all the prominent Indians on the Jones side, each squad of assassins to havo its own community iowork in. The men in Caines county have carried out tlicir instructions. As the other men have not carried out their part of the plot the leaders appear to be perplexed and don’t know what to do They are te havo another secret meeting at Antlers on September 21. for what purpose is known only to themselves. Gov. Jones has sent twelve armed men from Caddo to tho seat of trouble. He is in constant fear of being killed, and he keeps a heavy guard around him all tho time.

BUGS AND SO FORTH.

The Mohammedans, it is said, consider silk unclean because it is producefl by a worm. ' A Milford, Ind., woman was bitten on the cheek by a mosquito a levr days aga. Blood poisoning resulted and her life was saved with An Atchison, Kan., woman has 1 brought up her chickens on the bugs collected from the machinery at the electric light station every morning. The Guadeloupe bees lay their honey in bladders of wax about as large as a pigeon’s egg, and not in combs. The honey never hardens and is of an oily consistency. Morehead, Ky., has been invaded by fleas to such an extent that, according to the Sun of that city, “it is not unusual to see the ders of both sexes stop on the Sidewalks to scratch." In connection with the Egyptian nations, the Gnostics, as well. as some of the early Christian fathers, speak of Christ as the scarabaeus and symbolize Him as a man with a beetle’s head The Egyptians always embalmed this sacred insect. The latest triumph of Yankee inventive genius is an India rubber fish worm. It is said to be a remarkably good imitation of tho common earth worm, is indestructible, and in actual use proves as alluring to the fishes as the genuine article. The snail is very prolific. Assuming that the reproductive season extends from March to September, and assuming further that the snail lives but two years, we have the following estimate ot the total number of the offspring of a single pair: At the close of the first season, 1,90i>; 950 , pairs at close of second season, 1,805,000; original pair at close of second .season, 1,900. Total number of offspring in two years, 1,808,800. C It has been found that horseflies, bees, bumblebees and other insects of that ilk can be held by the legs and mode to produce tho humming or buzzing noises so characteristic of the two winged insect family, even though their wings bo entirely removed;* and that u partial (say the clipping of a half or two-thirds of each wing) removal of the organs of flight only serves to increase tbs shrillness of the noise.