Rensselaer Republican, Volume 21, Number 48, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 1 August 1889 — Page 4

Job nmrmtQ.—AUrgtiaiwn»«n of tvp* >nd •tbarmstertmllorposter.ia.'»iiWei.cir<ui*r and kttt4red verk. Pnc^i’.ow,

DiBECTOBT COO ITT OFFICE*! -~ n«rk JamrbF.lrwin. hrn ff PHII.LIr Blur. Auditor .... ... GmoroeM. Robinson Treasurer I. B. Washiukn BJeoorder .lamks K. Antrim, Surreyor J auks C. Thrawls Coroner 1... B. P. Bwjaxin. Sopenn ten dent Public Schools J.Y. Wamik /lgt District, P. M. QCKRRY. Ownmisslonars «d District ...J.F. Watson. (Sd District .. ...O.P.Tabob. (To*i».is»iouor*’ Court-Mr* Hondo f* in Jfareh dun*. Sopt*u>tor andDocombor COUFOSATIOH OFFICERS: Marntml Abraham Simpson Clerk . .. ..ms I*. Chilcotk. Tr.’»*urer ... . • •C.C.Stark 11st Ward ..N. W. Rbby*. ISd Ward ... Hiram Day. Co .ncjimeß < 8d Ward Hugh W. Pobtsr l ithWanl Simon Phillips i Sth Ward gRMRT Kannal ’ JUDICIAL Crrcun Judge p^r *s ABD ’ Prosecuting Attorney R.W .Marshall. Tent* of Court —First Honda* in January; Third Monday in Jfareh; first Monday in June; Third. Honda* » (Motor . » tut** COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION Jesse O win. Trustee Hanging Grpre tp. Junes li. Guild,Trustee ....Gillam tp. Fred S. Mciser, Trustee -- w » l , ker JPJ. F. Iliff, Trustee *PIbl Greenfield, Trustee ,™......MaJf10n tp. J A. McFarland, Trustee Jordan tp. Jackson Freelaud,Trustee Newton tp. J. F Bruner, I rustce Keener tp. Edward Biggs. Trustee Kankakee tp. |»f. Smrer, Trustee Wheatfleld tp. Wm. O. Knadifer, Trustee Carpenter tp. Hez.-kiali Kesler, Trustee - Milroy tp. Wm.Uooper. Trustee, Union tp. W. H. Coova Remington. Dr. I. B. Washburn Renssriaer Frank J. Warren County Supt.

A man in Philadelphia has undertaken to get 20,000 ministers, in all parts of the country, to pray for the cause of civil-service reform- The next thing we shall - hear of-in-tfeis-Uaer wil l be jfcprayer syndicate, which will furnish so many prayers, for any specified deserving cause, within a given time, and at wholesale rates. It may even end in the organization of a prayer trust Who knows? The coin-in-the-slot machine idea is being constantly developed and extended, one of the latest forms being an instrument which hands out a finished photograph of the person who drops a quarter in the slot. This is a Chicago machine. Another machine based on the slot principal likely to be developed in that city will probably bear the inscription, “Drop a dollar in the slot and obtain a divorce.” It would be a grand success.

John H. Bobbitt, principal of the public schools at Aurora, this state, for six years county superintendent of Decatur county, and a dyed-in-the-woo) Democrat, was in town last Friday on business. In speaking of the new school textbook law, he tg emphatic condemnation of it, predicted that it will {wove a most unpopular measure and plainly declared that the democratic members of the Legislature, in refusing to allow any discussion of the subject in the late session, had made the Democratic party justly responsible for all defects in the law. He has examined the text-

books already adopted and considers them almost worthless and their adoption a very great injury to the schools of the State. The geographies which belong to the series of text-books just adopted by the State Board of Education, no not give the location of the railroads in any of the state and national maps, bat in the ilarge book there is a special map -which purports to give all the railroads in the United States. By looking at this map it will be seen that of the some 600 miles of the Louisville, New Albany A Chicago Bailway system not a single mile is represented on the map. Yet it is an important system of railroad, and the main libe from Louisville to Michigan City is one of the oldest roads in the state, while the Chicago and Indianapolis division has been built eight years. This omission probably furnishes a fair criterion of the ■comprehensiveness and reliability H it,. ||l A MtMAB Of too smoie senes. , mMrwir.T&gffi 'V. •‘vvl . fc t '.V£ v '

What are Raw Materials? Would Free Raw Materials Be Advantageous to the Labor and Industries of the United States?

Extract front the essay by Homer P. Dibell, of Jasper County, Indiana which received the first prize of |2SO awarded annually by “The American Protective Tariff Leagne” for the best essay by senior students ol colleges, in the United States. The objection most urgently advanced against protection to raw materials of manufacture is that, entering as they do into so many different processes oj manufacture, the price of the finished article is increased to such an extent that we cannot successfully compete with foreign producers of like articles. In brief, it is argued that if we had access to free raw wool we might compete in our finished woolen fabrics with England and the Continent. If we had free iron ore finished products which contain large amounts of iron could compete with hkeToreign commodities. If all our raw materials were free our manufactured articles would find an extended market, while our own people would be benefited through receivjggl cheaper manufactures. These arguments so plausibly urged depend, however, upon two assumptions. The first is that if the duty on raw materials was removed the price of such raw materials would be permanently reduced by the amount of the duty levied. The second assumption is that with raw materials of the same value as those of foreign manufacturing countries we could compete with them in the markets of the world. These two assumptions we will examine in the order given. By way of illustration, we may cite the wool-growing industry. The tariff on raw wool prevents the foreign producer from destroying our wool-growing industry. If this duty were taken off the foreign producer could send his wool into our ports at prices which tvould destroy the American industry. After the American industry was destroyed, that part of the demand before supplied by the American producer would be transferred to the foreign producer. With this increased foreign demand for raw wool its price would naturally and inevitably rise. The same fact of production is clearly sbovn in the case of the mining industries of Great Britain, which, in 6ome instances, have been carried on at a positive loss to their owneis, in order to enable them to destroy American competition. In a report of the commissioner appointed to inquire into the condition of the mining districts of Great Britain in 1854 we find the following language used:

“I believe that the laboring classes generally in the manufacturing districts of this country, and especially iu the iron and coal districts, are very little aware of the to which they are often indebted for their being employed at all, to the immense losses which their employers voluntarily incur in bad times, in order to destroy foreign competition and to gain and keep possession of foreign markets. “Authentic instances are well known of employers having in such times carried on their work at a loss, amounting in the aggregate to three or four hundred thousand pounds in the course of

as mamy years. - After this competition has been destroyed the .English capitalist not only resumes his usnal profits, bnt recoups himself for losses sustained in destroying his American rival. He verting to the illustration of wool, another feature of this same assumption is shown. The American wool grower, encouraged by reasonable protection, introduces improved breeds of sheep and thus increases the average clip per head. As this clip is so increased there results a greater and more valuable product. This increase must go to somebody. Either the wool grower will retain it permanently in greater profits or, competition entering, will lower the price to an average return for labor and capital expended. It is a law of production which FreeTrader and Protectionist must alike recognize that, when capital is as mobile as now, the profits in any protected industry will not permanently remain above the profits gained in other industries, whether protected or not, which require substantially equal capital, laborj skill and other essentials of production. As a result of this law the increased facilities for production of wool would cause a lowering of price, while at the same time the grower would be receiving average profits. We do not make the assertion that we are getting oar raw materials as cheap as we would get them under freedom of trade. What wg do mean to assert is, that the difference between what is paid for them now and what would be given for them after the policy of Free-Trade had been inaugurated and fairly established is much less than appears

upon first thought. The assumption then, that imported raw materials would be offered at the same price for which they can now be had, less the duty, is unwarranted. Let ns examine the assumption that with raw materials at the same price., which other nations pay we oould successfully compete with them in the markets of the world. Evidently, there is but one way in which we could do this, and that is by selling the same article for the same or a less price. The cost of raw materials is not the only item that enters into the cost of production of a finished commodity. There is the amount paid as wages, thg interest and risk oh capital sunk in the plant, its deterioration in value and the cost of administration, all of which must be accounted in determining the total cost of production. The materials which in their raw state represent the value of a dollar become worth many times that amount when they have undergone a number of processes of manufacture, and this increase in value is due to the factors of production just enumerated.

- According to the London Artisan, a dollar’s worth of lead when made into printing type is worth S3O. An amount of iron of like value when made into ornamental work is worth S4B; into scissors $450; into pen-knife blades $650; and into sword handles S9BO. Even hemp, which does not undergo very extensive processes of manufacture, and which when finished is but a rough product, is worth four times its value as a raw material. The same fact is further illustrated in the case of the raw materials of our various textile and mechanical industries. Of the elements in the cost of production not the least is labor. The average daily wages of employees (including men, women and children) in the manufacture of woolen goods in the United States is $1.49 and in Great Britain $0.88; in metals and metallic goods, in the United States SI.BO, in Great Britain $1.35 find in Belgium $0.66; m carpetings, in the United States $1.51 and in Great Britain $1.20.

It is not denied that, on the average, American labor surpasses in efficiency English and European labor. Yet with all this superior efficiency in our favor, other conditions prevent us from successful competition with the products of English and European labor. It is impossible for us to find a place where we can gSt our raw materials of manufacture cheaper than the English manufacturers get theirs. When they have been manufactured with the extra cost of our high priced labor we cannot find a market where we can get more for them, and to reach a market outside of our own borders we must travel as far or further than they. The higher wages paid our American laborers, which are not only larger per capita, but also larger for the amount of work accomplished, effectually preclude the possibility of our competing with them in any line of manufacture in which other conditions are the same.

It is true that in some lines of production we do compete with them successfully now, but this is owing to favorable conditions in other respects and not to our having raw materials at the same price at which they have them. What has been said sufficiently disposes of the claim that extended markets would result to an appreciable extent from the possession of free raw materials. Cotton has been free since the Tariff revision of 1870; yet in 1887 we exported less than fifteen million dollars’ worth of cottons and imported cottons to the value of a little less than twenty-nine millions. Nine years before (in 1878) we exported 11$ million dollars’ worth of cottons and imported to the value of 20$ millions. In 1887

we exported 68 per cent of our total production of raw cotton to be manufactured by other countries. The second assumption, then, like the first, is not warranted by a careful consideration of tho conditions of manufacture here and m competing foreign countries. The arguments which we have given in reference to oar manufacturing industries hare been negative, tending to Bhow that they would receive no appreciable advantages from having raw material free. There are, however, positive arguments tending to show that advantages accrue to the manufacturing industries from a policy which secures a fair measure of prosperity to the producers of raw materials. The American manufacturer depends for a market for his wares mostly upon those engaged in other American industries. Anything, then, which contributes 'to the prosperity of these, benefits

him through the increasing demand for his products. A prosperous condition among the farmers, the wool growers, the miners, the wage-earners, and all who ate engaged in the production of raw materials, reflects itself in the stimulus given to the business of the manufacturer who supplies the former with finished commodities. It is false ambition, as well as a wrong policy, which would seek to ’extend our foreign markets, and by so doing injure the efficientdemand of the home market. The question is fairly presented when we consider that the conditions are just these: We can get raw materials no cheaper than England and ofcher manufacturing nations. W&* they have been transformed into finished products we can find no nearer market, nor can we find any place where our wares will command higher prices. Such are the conditions of manufacture. The question then narrows itself largely to one of labor and wages. If our laborers will consent to accept less wages aud the lower standard of living which it entails, and wages enough lower to enable American manufacturers to compete with foreign labor, we can hope to rival foreign manufacturing countries whose conditions are substantially the same as ours. It will be a sorry day for America when her workmen in the factories and mills accept, either from choice or necessity, the wages and standard of living prevailing in tier Majesty’s dominions. Our .manufacturing industries will continue to prosper, not from having raw materials free, but from having an active home demand, which results from a' prosperous condition of other industries, and among them of the producers of raw materials.

A Hoosier in Dakota.

Yankton Special. It goes undisputed that Gideon C. Moody, of Deadwood, will be one of the South Dakota Senators.He is Ja phlegmatic man, savage when aroused, big framed and big brained. There is very little that is politic about J udge Moody. If lie doesn’t like a thing he says it in words that cannot be misunderstood. He is to-day the best known of all the Dakotaians about Washington because of his frequent visits there and aggressive fight for statehood. The Judge is a New Yorker by birth, an Indiana man by virtue of four yearp war service, during which he rose from private to colonel in a Hoosier regiment, and a Dakotaian by final, mature choice. He came to Yankton in 1863, and has been in the Territory ever since. At the recent Fourth of July celebration, which was also South Dakota’s birthday celebration, there were read to the assembled people the Declaration of Independence and the Statehood memorial of 1885; It was difficult to tell which document aroused the deepest emotion. Judge Moody was the author of the memorial.

The Judge is the attorney of the famous Homestake mine of the Black Hills, aDd is a warm friend of Senator Hearst, who is one of •the owners of the mine and wlio is those who know something of his circumstances, but will hardly class with the millionaires of the Senate. Republican will add to the above sketch, that its subject was formerly a resident of Jasper county, and that he was once elected to the Indiana State Legislatvre from this connty. Many of onr older residents still hold him in personal remembrance, bat we doabt whether he could command their undivided votes for United States Senator. His residence while in this county was on a farm in section 20, in the west part of Carpenter township.

THE NEW TEXT-BOOKS.

Superintendent LaFollette Expresses His Opinion and Talks Abont the Law. Indianapolis News. State Superintendent LaFollette desires to go down on record. He wishes it to be distinctly understood that in the vote of the State Board on the adoption of the Indiana School-book Publishing Company’s text-books, he did not vote in favor of the readers or geographies. He regards them as in every way inferior to the books whioh were taken for the standard of comparison. They are poor in of paper, and binding, and engraving, and the readers aie poorly classified, and oontain lessons which are not what boys and girls should read in school. The arithmetics and writing-books bethinks equal to those now in

ELLIS 5 MURRAY. «ANN6IAL> CLEARANCE SALE! :FOR CLOSING OUT: SUMMER GOODS. WE HAVE MADE THE FOLLOWING SWEEPING REDUCTIONS ALL OF OUE PRESENT STOCK OF 25 cent French Sateens at - - 16§ cents per yard. 1 15 cent Sateens at - - - V TO cents, per yard. I 25 cent French Ginghams at - - 15 cents per yard. 1 I 10 cent Dress Gingham at - - cents per yard. 5 cent Lawns at - - - - 3 cents per yard. I I | CLOTHING! CLOTHING! | " I I J A Line of Good Wearing - - - Suits @ $4. I A Line of $8 - - - - - - Suits @ $6. I Two Lines of $lO - - - - - Suits @ $7.50. | Two Lines of $12.50 - - - - Suits @ SIO.OO. I Two Lines of $15.00 - - - - Suits @ $12.50, i Two Lines of SIB.OO - Suits @ $15.00. These Goods must be sold to make room for Fall Goods, and you will consult your best interest by seeing them before buying. Yours Respectfully, * ELLIS & MURRAY.

use. Mr.: LaFollette says he has received several hundred letters, chiefly from township trustees, asking whether the law is mandatory or simply directory. The letters come from every part of the State,, and all breathe hostility, to the law. They ask what the penalty is if the law is disobeyed. He says there is no penalty provided for violating the law. He does not think this is an oversight, but that the legislators desired to make a popular law by which counties that wanted cheaper books could get them, but which allowed any which desired to use the ole bookß. He thinks a great deal of official pressure will be requirec to get the new books generally adopted. He does not propose to make hisoffice unpopular by bringing a host of mandatory suits against county boards of education, and does not know yet what action he will take to enforce the" law. Some trustees have written as thongh they will fulfill their duty by ordering the legal books according to the law and then just hold them to sell if anybody calls for them, but make no effort to enforce their use in the schools. They write that teachers generally are opposed to the law.

CONSUMPTION SURELY CURED.

To TH* Editor—Please inform year readera that I have a positive remedy for the above named disease. By its timely use thousands of hopeless cases have been permanently cored. I shall be glad to send two bottles of my remedy muck to any of your readers who have consumption If they will tend me their express and post offlee address. Respectfully, T. A. SLOCUM. M. C.. 181 Pearl at. New York. The vicissitudes of climate are trying to most constitutions, especially to people having impure blood. For all such (and they constitute the majority), the best safeguard is Ayer’s Sarsaparilla, the use of which cleanses the blood and strengthens and invigorates the system. Tiny your fancy chairs of Williams.

5/A *ORSt BLANKETS ARE THE STROMSEST. NONE OEHUINKWITHOVTTHE HR LAREI Manur'd toy WM. ATMS * Bona, Phllada., yrfeo make ttoetamoas Hone Brand Baker BtaakMS.

HHT IK " * ' ' —***-'— - • THE STATE OF INDIANA,; oc Jasper County. I ««• In Jasper Circuit Court, to October term, A. D. 1889. No. 3994. BE IT REMEMBERED. That on this 22nd day of July, 1889, Joel Root, the sole plaintiff, by his attorneys, Thompson & Bro., filed in the office of the Clerk of said Court, his complaint against said defendants, and also the affidavit of a competent person that said defendants, John Reynolds, Reynolds, his wife, Patricki Hanlin Hanlin his wife, Susannah Cooper, Cooper, her husband, James H. Andrews, Andrews his wife, Cornelia Andrews, Andrews her husband. Thompson W. Francis, Francis, his wife. Nelson Morris, Morris, his wife, Frederick Shnlts, Shnlts his Wife, and all the unknown heirs, devisees and legatees of the said defendants, as well as all the unknown heirs, devisees and legatees of the unknown heirs, devi. sees and legatees of the said defendants, are either non-residents of the State of Indiana, or have an unknown residence; said defendants are therefore hereby notified of the pendency of said suit, and that said cause will Court. 1889, to-wit: on the 21st day of October, 1889. e WITNESS. My hand and Uie seal of said Court, affixod at office in Rensselaer, on this 22nd day of July, A. D. 1889. JAMES F. IRWIN, Clerk of the Jasper Circuit Court. By Schcvlbr C. Ihwin, Deputy. Thompson & Bro.. A tty’s for Plaintiff. July 25. Aug. 1-8.

sl2 HARNESS $7. This Single Buggy Harness Is Double and Stitched Throughout, and In white or x. c. trimmed. S2O HARNESS sl2. This is a Single Baggy Harness and is Single Strapped. The trimmings are Gold or Silver, just as ordered. This harness is my specialty and is sold everywhere for S2O and is well worth it. These harness are all band made and warranted for three years, or money refunded. Order direct from me and save the two extra middlemens’ profits, namely, the Jobbers and Retailers. Will Send C. O. D. with privilege of examining before purchasing, Am not afraid to show my work. When money accompanies or«. der will prepay tho expressage. I m.C. GUSTAVEI WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, MONTICELLO, - VXD. tO-3ni. TRIJSTfcE’S SOTIfE. MARION TOWNSHIP. 1 will too in my olios, upstairs In Makeover's Bank Itnllding, Trustee Marion tp. SALESMEN TTTAMTED to solicit for our well-k nown NnrVV oery. Good wages paid every week, rera attest employment guaranteed Writs at snee, before territory is taken, stating a*e. IS-Ist p, CHABEBKIW CO.,Chicago, 18.