Rensselaer Republican, Volume 19, Number 38, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 26 May 1887 — Page 7

DOMESTIC ECONOMY.

A Budget of Useful Information Upon Household and Agricultural Topics. Matters of Interest Relating to Farm, Orchard, Stable, Parlor, and Kitchen. THE FARMER. Sulky Plate*. The. sulky or riding plow, on which the plowman is carried around the field while the work is done, revolutionizes all the old ideas about plowing. It used to be thought that such plows were necessarily of heavier draught, and on hilly land probably they are. Ent with tolerably level surface a riding plow is really easier draught than one of the old-fashioned sort,- as its weight is sustained and drawn on wheels. Many who use it claim that the wheel plow is enough lighter draught to compensate for the weight of the driver or plowman. Still we do not often see sulky plows drawn by two horses, nor is it good economy to work with less than three good horses on any kind of plow.

Warmth of Drained >otl. The curious paradox is presented in under-draining land that freezes more deeply in winter, but sc soon as spring comes it rapidly grows warmer than land not drained. There are much greater extremes of temperature, and both heat and cold faybr the disintegration of the soil and the development of plant food. In welldrained land there is no surplus of water beyond what the soil will naturally retain, its freezing, therefore, does make the solid stratum of ice, and when it thaws the water percolating to the tiles is followed by air which in spring is always warmer than the soil. At night when the surface freezes the expansion of the soil expels the air, which is replaced on the morrow when the sun is shining brightly. Stagnant water in the soil prevents the circulation of air, and thus keeps down the temperature until the water is gradually dried out by the heat of summer. _ Aand Paint for Garden Structures. A correspondent of the London Garden writes: I observe that Mr. Peter Henderson recommends white-lead and sand as a substitute for ordinary paints. I have never used the mixture, but at one time we used a considerable quantity of what we termed sand paint. This was made with whitening and white-led in equal parts, with about a fourth of the whole of silver sand. Sufficient oil was added to render it workable, and this was laid on as thickly as possible. When it dried, it felt hard and gritty—almost like stone; and my experience is that it is the most durable and impervious to weather of any paint I have ever employed. About fifteen years ago we painted the end of a building with it, and I noticed the other day that, although no paint of any kind had been applied since, there is still a fair coat on the walls. Two or three coats of this sand paint would render boards quite impervious to weather influences for years. White-lead is apt to peel oft after a time, but this paint does not do so. It forms a solid body that nothing but the weather wear of many years can affect. Another way that we hay.e employed is to lay on the paint first, and then, before it commences to dry, sprinkle sand thickly over it. This gives it a rather rough, stone-like appearance, which in certain situations is desirable.

Making JI eat Cheaply. The time has passed when cheap meat production will be mainly due, as it has been, to cheap lands and food that costs little or nothing. It is likely that in a long series of years all kinds of meat will be dearer than they have been. If feeders gain it will be due less to natural advantfor which they are not responsible than to their own skill and good management. There is yet an immense deal to learn, as is shown at all fat-stock exhibitions. The animals that take the prizes as live stock do not have the largest proportion of good meat when dressed. In every case there is too much waste in the extra fat that has to be cut off and thrown away or converted to some secondary use. One fact is pretty plain in any estimate of the cost of making beef. The gain from. animals while going on is put on at least expense per pound, and contains the largest proportion of salable meat. In a close summary of the results of several livestock shows, it was found that the gain of an average 1-year-old animal cost 4.04 cents per pound. From birth up to 2 years old the gain cost 5.05 cents, while if feeding is continued up to 3 years old the entire gain from birth costs 7.40 cents per pound. It is certain that in the great majority of cases feeding is continued long after it ceased to pay. For all stock not intended for breeding the best feed should be given from birth up, and the animal never be allowed to get too poor to butcher. But while very young the best food is that •which promotes growth of frame rather than laying on of fat. A young animal thus fed will always have a due proportion of lean meat, sweet and juicy.

THE STOCK-BREEDER. Studying Pointt in Cnttle, Pro'. S. Shelton, of the Kansas Agricultural College, writing on the subject of breeding, divides the valuable points of cattle into two classes—those that are in themselves useful, and those that point to the possession of useful qualities—and asks: “Why do careful judges place such a high value upon touch—the texture of the skin?” In answer to this question he says: It, is of no value in itself, but indicates a long list of qualities that are indispensable. If the touch is hard and the skin hard.and inelastic look out for a hard feeder and an animal that is slow and late in maturing. So the flank is of little value in itself; it is a boiling piece of low market value. Yet the good judge knows that an animal with a long, deep flank will be a good feeder, with thick flesh and good constitution. The crop, again—the region just back of the shoulder—is generally ranked high, although it indicates nothing, but is itself a “ pnTt-af-In this connection it-jnaxJ>o remarked that the crops, if well developed, show constitutional vigor and aptitude to fatten. Upon the question, How can minor defects in—a- herd or individual animals be corrected? he says: The advice generally given to correct such defects is tq use a sire that is well de-" velbped in parts where th.. cows are defective.- Thera, arises this difficulty, however, in attempting to correct one"fault—we are quite likely to develop defects of another kind. The best way to employ males whose general character is good. Select as a sire an -animal that is well developed, not merely in the region where the cows are defective, but in all other points; thus you will correct the evil of which you complain and not fall into other errors. Feeding <- 'Very rarely is an animal worth raising that is stunted during the growing period of its life. The profits on raising stock are ■too small to allow of keeping and feeding young animals that have for any length of time flopped growing. A. mature animal may gel thin in cold weather, or on short

feed, and then fat up again when the conditions are made favorable to a gain, but a month or a week of lost time in the life of a growing animal can never be regained. If the growing period is passed without making the growth that is natural to the individual, that individual, whether it be a calf, a colt, a pig, chicken, or a child, must remain under-size through life. Recently, while,traveling, we met a boy from Nova Scotia, paid to be 16 years old, that was but twenty-four inches high and weighed but eight pounds. Such dwarfs may enjoy a fair degree of healthy but by no system of feeding can they be grown to the natural standard of the species. The bones,though small, are matured bones and cannot be made to enlarge. The Breeder's Journal has a paragraph on this subject which is full of truth regarding the feeding of young 'pips. It says: A stunted pig never fully regains what it has lost, The trouble is that the pig poorly fed has his digestion impaired, so that efforts to force him by subsequent high feeding only makes the matter worse. Overfeeding with pigs is a more common fault than is generally supposed. A young pig will always be stunted if fed with all the corn or corn-meal it can eat. The food is too concentrated, and after a few surfeits, the Btomach refuses to act, and the pig will never be thrifty afterward. Hence the common remark that some pigs are not worth as much at six months as they were at the age of six weeks. To keep a young pig thrifty its feed should be largely composed of wheat bran, middlings, and either grass or roots. — New England Farmer.

THE DAIRYMAN. Co-Operative Dairying. The dairy business is the only branch of farming in which the principle of co-oper-ative effort has been successfully employed. There is no question that factory products both of butter and cheese are superior in quality to the average of private manufacture. Making good butter and cheese is an art requiring skill, care, and cleanliness. In a large factory the product is important enough to pay for these, while in a small dairy they are considered often of too little consequence to be looked after. A Model Dairy. It was my privilege to visit the celebrated Darlington dairy, eighteen miles from Philadelphia. Messrs. Jesse and Jard Darlington were born to the butter business, their father having carried it on at the same place. They own 650 acres of rolling land, which yields grass and grain of good quality, keep 270 cows, whose milk is converted into butter, which sells at very high prices. The new milk is strained into tin cans, conveyed to the factory, and passed through “centrifugal separators,” which extract the cream from the milk—the cream runs out at one spout and the milk at another. Four separators are required, all running at the same time, to do the work. The separator in motion, with the milk running in, looks like the stones of a grist-mill whirling at a tremendous rate, the wheat going in from the hopper. Mr. Darlington done his best to make me comprehend the thing, and doubtless would have succeeded if he had been favored with a good subject to work upon. This muchT understand: The milk, falling on a cylinder revolving 7,000 times in a minute, is thrown off with great force, the milk going furthest because it is heaviest, and the lighter oily portions, falling short, are gathered up by themselves and passed into the cream tub made of tin and set in spring water, which remains at a temperature of fifty-two degrees to fifty-four degrees during summer and winter. Fortunately impurities are separated from the cream, and are gathered by themselves in a hard crust; as all milk has more or less of these, the centrifugal separator is in the line of exquisite nicety. The cream is left for three or four days standing in water (which passes through the building where the butter is made), this churned twice a week, put into pound packages, stamped, rolled up in paper, and sent to customers as fast as made; protected in hot weather by vessels having apartments containing ice. By close attention to all the details, Messrs. Darlington have orders for all the butter they make at prices which seem fabulous to people who think one way is about as good as another. They buy most of their hay, and are now receiving it from western New York, They decidedly prefer early-cut, well-cured, red clover hay, and are now paying sl7 per ton for it. It is cut, wet and mixed with corn-meal and twice the quantity of bran—each cow getting six quarts of the meal and bran at a feed if they eat it up clean; cows are well bedded in warm stables, and are turned out twice a day to drink, remaining out foi an hour or two. The milk from the separator goes in pipes to the hogyard, where I saw Chester whites that seemed to enjoy life.— -Correspondence Southern Home and Farm.

THE POULTERER. Managing for t'ggx. In relation to failures in the care of fowls, the Dakota Farmer says: "When the poultryman has made his preparations and begun his operations, he is often disappointed at not receiving a fair return in eggs for the attention and care bestowed. The majority of failures arise with those who have given the fowls all they can eat, and, with a liberal supply of ground oyster-shells, ground bone, gravel, fresh water, and green food, no eggs reward the persevering poultryman. The cause of failure is that the hens are overfed. It is always a mistake to.keep food before them, and, though a variety should be given, care must be exercised not to feed a full meal except nt night. If the food is so given that the hens will not be satisfied with the quantity thej- have received they will hunt for more, and keep busily at work. This avoids idleness and prevents them from pulling feathers or becoming too fat. In the morning the soft food may be given, but it is best not to give quite enough rather than a full allowance. Then scatter a few grains in cut straw, dirt, or litter, and let them get to work scratching. At night give a full meal. By keeping the hens warm, busy, and in moderate condition they will laywell. Poultry Purivjraphs, Do NOT make the mistake of choosing nothing but the largest fowls for sitters. for this purpose, if they are not deficient in feathers. There i, less danger of hens leaving their eggs if they are always set in the. evening. They are much more apt to “stock.” Be very careful about disturbing them for the first two-orttaee days. Many poultry raisers 'fall intothe too common error of using for breeding stock ordinary or even poor fowls. *Not one can ever hope to produce anything bnt very ordinary or inferior stock from sneh a method. Use only the best forbreeding. The result will be none too good then. A Man having ears, nose, fingers, and toes all frozen would not be expected, by an ordinary community to continue his usefulness for -someconsiderable time. Those who are now suffering from lack of thoughtfulness in not providing comfortable -winter shelter for their fowls must not eicept those that aie badly frost bitten to continue the laying process as if nothing had happened. The best mopth in the year for bringing out chickens in the Northern States is April, and next,o in point of desirability,

come March and May. Very little should be done in that line in June, and nothing whatever during July. During the last week in August, and from then on to the 20th of September, a few chickens—pullets fqr laying the next season during the time when the other fowls are moulting —may be raised with profit. Tobacco, in its raw state,’ or previous to sweatening in bulk, is very powerful in its effect, and will certainly drive vermin from the hen’s nest. The whole leaves may be thoroughly dried so as to crumble easily, and put. in the nest of the sitting hen as a lining under the eggs. With this precaution she will not be driven from her nest by vermin before the time of hatching arrives. Tobacco is often erroneously supposed to be difficult te cultivate, but it is really as easily raised ns corn or potatoes. A few plants only will give the poulterer plenty of leaves for use in his fowl-house.

THE HOUSEKEEPER. How One. Woman Keeps Servants. She pays them liberally and promptly, recognizing the fact, true the world Over, that the employer who beats down wages always suffers from the inferior quality of work done, and from lack of interest on the part of the employed. Having a practical knowledge of the business of housekeeping, she cannot be deceived, and knows how to direct the work properly; and, while insisting kindly, but firmly, that it shall be properly performed, she never fails to give a word of praise for all that merits her approval. She never meddles with her servants’particular ways of doing work, so long as good results are produced. She doesn’t think it necessary to substitute her way for everybody else’s way. She never lowers herself by scolding. Her servants are respectful to her because she is respectful to them. No familiarity is tolerated or attempted. The private domestic life of the family is never intruded upon. They have their own apartments, eat by themselves, and prefer to do so. And yet the mistress is not unmindful of their physical and mental well-being. She has fitted up a comfortable bedroom, with a good spring bed and toilet necessities, and adjoining, a cosey little sitting-room, with a stove, table, rocking chairs, etc., where they can rest aS women need to. And several times a week they are invited to the family sitting-room for half an hour in the evening, where she teaches them to read English, they being Scandinavians. She realizes that, as human beings, they have desires for social companionship, and allows them to have a reasonable amount of company. She allows them as many church privileges as possible, and gives them a street-car fare once or twice a week. She takes a kindly personal interest in them, helping them to select their clothing and get it made neatly. “Too much trouble to take for servants,” is it? Well, perhaps it is; and yet she contrives to do it in the intervals of a busy life. She says that it isn’t a quarter the trouble that it would be to change servants every six weeks. Those girls love her, and look up to her, and work faithfully for her,' and couldn’t be driven away from her.— Minneapolis Tribune.

■ Household,r . . ■ Kid shoes may be kept soft and free from cracks by rubbing them once a week with a little pure glycering or castor-oil. A piece of zinc placed on the coals of a hot stove will clean out the stove pipe. The vapor produced carries off the soot by chemical decomposition. Do you take advantage of the more practical labor-saving devices in doing your work? Improvement here should be thought of before getting farther into this new year. In ventilating a room open the windows at top and bottom. The fresh air rushes in one way while the foul air makes its exit the other; thus you let in a friend and expel an enemy. A damp cloth enveloping the broom-head will be found desirable in removing the dust from a carpet in a room where there may be many small articles to catch the dirt raised by an ordinary sweeping. The old wash-boiler need not be cast aside when leakage beyond repair sets in. This is the time it should have the dints straightened out and be scoured up to use for keeping bowls and glasses of jelly and marmalade from the mice.

To clean kid gloves rub them with very slightly damped crumbs of bread. Or scrape French chalk upon them while on the hands and wash them in a basin containing diluted spirits of ammonia. Some gloves can be cleaned with milk, with rice pulp, or with turpentine. '" ’ :. The broom, instead of standing in a corner when not in use, ought to be hung up. A strong twisted or braided string put through a small hole in the handle will do it. Wet the broom in boiling hot suds every wash-day; if treated in this way it will keep its shape, and wear much longer. The best way of checking the bleeding from the nose is to apply cold water to the neck and face. Hold a sponge saturated with cold water to the nostrils, or if this does not succeed, dissolve a little alum in ft basin of water, and inject or snuff this up the nostrils. Hold the head back and do not attempt to blow the nose. Sometimes the lamp-wick obstinately refuses to be turned up in an orderly manner. It will seem firmly wedged at one side, while the other runs up in a point, causing weariness and vexation of spirit. To overcome this depravity, take a new wick, draw out a single thread near the selvage, and the wiM< will be found tractable when introduced into the burner. The cogs will take it up properly, and it will appear in good form and give an even tiame when lighted.

THE KITCHEN. Cooking Recipes. Fried Parsnips.—Scrape and leave in cold water for an hour, then cook half an hour in hot salted water, wipe, slice lengthwise, dip in melted butter, then in flour seasoned with salt and pepper, and fry in boiling dripping. Drain free of fat and dish. Fried Apples.—Make a batter of two eggs, a pinch of salt, aeup of milk and six tablespoonfuls of flour. Slice, pare and core tart apples as thin as Saratoga potatoes. Dip them a spoonful at a time in the batter and fry—Eat with powdered sugar and cream or a liquid sauce. Tapioca Pudding.—Wash four large tablespoonfuls of tapioca and let it soak for an hour in a little warm water; strain through a sieve and mix with the beaten -yolks-of four and the whites of two eggs, a quart of milk, half a teaspoonful of grated nutmeg; sweeten with sugar and bake in a dish an hour. —— ; Sago Pudding.—Boil five tablespoonfuls of sago, well picked and washed, in one quart of milk till quite soft with a slick of cinnamon; stir in one teacup of: butter and two of white sugar; when cold add six eggs well beaten and nutmeg to taste. Mix all Well together and bake in a buttered dish three-quarters of an hour. Potato Lemon Pudding.—Three o.tfnces of potatoes, the grated rind and juice of two fine lemons, three ounces of white sugar, two ounces of butter; grate off the lemon peel with lumps of sugar, beat them and add to the other ingredients: boil the potatoes and peel 4hem, mixing all together with the lemon juice and tw beaten eggs; bake it slightly.

THE PRESIDENT AND THE BOURBONS

Senator Gorman having expressed approval of so much of the Kentucky Democratic platform as glorifies the spoils system, the New York Times takes occasion to glorify Mr. Cleveland. It is a case of light coming from that which is not a source of light, but, the mugwumps are never particular as to the relation of cause and effect. It does not follow that the President disapproves the Kentucky platform because Senator Gorman approves it. It does not follow that “the Democratic spoilsmen are becoming desperate, and that they will leave nothing untried' to break down the President in bis own party,” because Mr. Gorman has said that when the President declined a renomination in his hearing, “he did not impress me as being so sincere in this as in other statements.” Nor does it follow that Mr. Cleveland resents this assertion of Mr. Gorman. There are a great many indications that he is anxious to have such assertions made. He is reported to have j said, very lately, that he did not blame Senator Vest for discrediting his sincerity. “In fact,” said the President, “no one but my wife does believe me.” It would have been well if the Times had waited until some word or deed of the President had given reason for belief in either his dissent from the Kentucky platform or his disapproval of Mr. Gorman’s utterances. The appointments in» Maryland have beer*, the mugwumps themselves being witnesses, as bad as bad could be. They have been distributed among Mr. Gorman’s supporters, and, it is generally believed, at Mr. Gorman’s dictation.

Mr. Gorman has no reason to be, and is not, dissatisfied with the distribution of patronage in Maryland. It has been worse than partisan; it has been factional, and factional to Gorman’s personal desire. The Maryland Senator accepts the gift, and despises the giver, and so do the Kentucky Democrals, and so do most Democrats. There is little dissatisfaction, even in Indiana, with tne distribution of patronage; the dissatisfaction ig with the manner of it. The old-fnshionod Democrats are plain speakers. When a Democratic President bounces a Republican and replaces him by a Democrat they do not care about cant phrases concerning “efficiency of the service;” they like a plain acknowledgment of the plain fact that the one was rejected because he was a Republican, and the other chosen because he was a Democrat. And if a Republican be retained they hate to have his retention explained by “devotion to the great principle of civibservice reform.” If it were said that he was retained because he could do the party more service as a Republican than he could as a Democrat, all would be well. It is the cant that is objected to.

The truth is that the President is not disliked by the Bourbons for his acts, it is his words that are distasteful. The hands are those of Esau, the voice is that of Jacob. The Bourbons are not a cunning race, and yet there are things thatnven they can not fail to discern, chief of which is the trick by which it is sought to place Mr. Cleveland before the mugwumps as a reformer with whom the Democrats are disgusted, and by the mugwumps to enforce his renomination in place of Hill or some other who is a Democrat and likes to be thought of as proud of his Democracy. Mr. Cleveland is a Democrat who likes to be thought of as ashamed of his Democracy. —Chicago Inter Ocean.

The Rebel Rosser.

The Southern Democratic newspapers are commenting in genuine Southern fashion upon the Sheridan-Rpsser incident. They have very little to say about the “savior of the valley.” or the pumpkin vine which the people of that section ad--sised him to wear as being a better runner than the laurel, but confine themselves to insulting epithets and innuendoes directed against Gen. Sheridan, which come with a bad grace from Mr. Grady’s New South. The Charleston News and Courier denounces Sheridan as a “Federal BashiBazouk,” and the Macon (Ga.) Telegraph suggests it might be prudent for the Virginians to “bury their silver, double the insurance "n their barns, and drive the cows into th ■ mountains” on his approach. All this eo use there was no child’s play about Liiue Phil’s method of making war, or Gen. Grant’s either. But how about pumpkin-vine Rosser? W. H. H. Lancaster, who was, the military telegraph operator at New Creek Station, Va., when it was captured by Rosser in November, 1864, thus describes his experiences: “I was taken in with quite a number of other Unionists, soldiers and civilians, and “was completely robbed of money, watches, clothing, and all other valuables, stripped from head to foot, marched across the country to Staunton almost naked, barefooted, and hungry. We lay out nights on the cold, wet ground, were three and onehalf months in Castle Thunder, and under their care still, yet suffering from neuralgia and rheumatism. We were captured by Rosser’s advance guard, who styled themselves the Baltimore plugs. They were experts in the robbing business, as they went through the whole lot of us in less than one-half hour. I lost about SI,OO0 — in money valuables, and clothing.” Rossdr proposes to run for Congress. If he succeeds in getting to Washington would it not be well for the people of that city to hide their watches and lock up their money and valuables? Phil Sheridan was making war in thorough and open fashion. Rosser and his Baltimore plugs were engaged in brigandage and highway robbery.—Chicago Tribune. «

No Trouble About New England.

One of the favorite delusions which the Democratic party has been hugging for the past few months has been that it was really making inroads in New England, and would carry one or more of its States at the next election. This flattering unction has been laid to the soul with much pleasure buj little profit The New York Worlds which looks at political problems from the standpoint of what is and not what itwould like to have, sees at once through the fallacy of this belief and very frankly says: “Mr. Carlisle ought to be too’good a politician to be willing to take any chances in the Presidential election on the hope of making t ,New England doubtful. Doubts are not only thing doubtful about the vote of the New England States next year is as to the size of their Republican majorities, as usual.” The JiVorld is not only a partisan but a pretty good prophet as well. New England will take care of itself, and when the time comes will return as hearty a verdict for the Republican candidate and the principles of protection to American industries as it ever has-done.— lowa State Register. -

WHY HE DIDN'T SHIP THE CORPSE.

“Oi say, Terrence, did ye si nd yer brither’s corpse home ter-ther-city yit?” asked one country laborer of.,.another. “Oi did nawt.” “An’ w’y nawl? 1 ” >’ “Ther divil as hez charrudge ov tha frate wuddent lave me sind it oover tha road.” “Tha blaggard! W’y wuz that?” “He tould me tha Prisidint is afther soignin’ er bill, fer previnting raleroods from carryin’ lid-hios cover tha counthree.” ?

The Russian Police.

The following case was tried before they.St Petersburg tribunal April 23, 1886: Herassimoff, the ooriadnik of a village called Bprki, in the Peterhoff district, was convicted of having put to the torture several peasants in order to extort confessions about a robbery committed by unknown persons. The peasant Marakine and the two brothers, Antonoff were all three kept hanging for several hours on a sort of improvised strappado. They were stripped of their clothes and their hands tied behind their backs by a rope, which was then passed over a rail fixed high in the wall of an ice cellar. The bodies of the unfortunate men were then raised from the ground so that they could hardly touch the icy ground with the tips of their toes. The ooriadnik appeared now and then, asking for their confessions and giving them blows on the head as they refused to comply with his wishes. One of the three victims, the peasant Marakine, "on the way to the torture-chamber was subjected to no less infamous treatment. The testimony of the elder of the village is particularly noteworthy. “Herassimoff (the ooriadnik) came to me and asked whether I equid lend him thirty men. ‘Why do you require so many ?’ I asked. Tn order,’ said he, pointing to Marakine, ‘that I may make this fellow run the gantlet.’” The witness answered that he would never permit such things to be done with the peasants of his commune, whereupon Marakine had his hands and legs tied, and was fastened by his legs to the back of the car, while his body was allowed to drag upon the ground. The horse was made to run, and Marakine was dragged inthe mud for about ten yards. Then Herassimoff said to the elder: “Bring me some straw; burn him a little.” But witness refused to bring it to him. Herassimoff was found guilty and condemned to one year’s penal servitude, so lenient is the Russian law toward crimes against humanity, reserving its severity for those who are working for humanity. Such, barbarities, which would have set on fire European diplomacy had they’ been committed by a Turkish officer, are of course exceptional, though it would be wrong to suppose them unique. From the opposite end of the Empire we hear of things which are not better, but if anything worse. It was proved by judicial inquiry before theKisheneff tribunal that in the Orgheef district the ooriadniks and the communal authorities have used for a long time various instruments of torture, one of which, called bootook, figured on the table of “mateterial evidences” in the court. It is a wooden instrument, composed of two sliding beams, which serve for screwing between them the feet of the culprit. These abominations were not unknown to the police, but the thing was brought before the tribunal only because the authorities arrested the wrong man, on whom they used the bootook with such zeal as to make him a cripple.—Steptniak, in TheFortnigtly Review.

How to Be Happy, Though Single.

We lately wrote a” book which has been most favorably received, called, “How to Be Happy, Though Married;” but we think that quite as much might be said on the possibility of single blessedness. Thousands of women, and even men, cannot marry for one reason or another. Bet them cultivate the contented state of mind of that old Scotch lady who said, “I wadna gie my single life for a’ the double anes I ever saw. ” People may admire the marriage state, and yet have their own good reasons for not entering it. Under the dying pillow of Washington Irving there was found a lock of hair and a miniature. Who will Say that a man or woman ought to marry who treasures up such and thinks of all that might have been ? -— ■— Impecuniosity is another reason for denying one’s self the luxury of a wife. A mistake may, of course, be made as to the amount of money necessary for marriage. There are those who could drive a coach-and-two, but waiting for a coach-and-four, "they are carried into the desolation of confirmed bachelorism. That man, however, is much to be pitied who leads a pure life and whose “I can’t afford it” is no mere excuse. Let him continue to work and economize, and before very long he will have—“A guardian angel o’er his life presiding, Doubling his pleasures, and his cares dividing.” To this angel he should be true in anticipation, remembering how Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi, advised her unmarried sons to keep themselves pure, so that all the blessings of a virtuous home might one day be theirs. What is one man’s meat may be anothers man’s poison. To some persons we might say, “If you marry you do well, but if you marry not you do better.” In the case of others marriage may have decidedly the a ivantage. Like most other things, marriage is good or bad according to the use or abuse we make of it. The applause that is usually given to persons on entering the mfttrimqpiarstagFTs* “to say JthaJeast, premature. Let us wait to. see how they play their parts. And here we must protest against the foolish and cowardly ridicule that is sometimes bestowed upon elderly men and women who, using the liberty of a free country, have abstained from marrying. Certainly some of them could give reasons to* spending -their KyeA outside the tenipleM Hymeii that are far more honorable than the motives which induced their fool-de-tractors to rush in. Some have never found their other selves, or circumstances prevented the junction of these selves. And which is moreJapnorable, a life of loneliness or a loveless marriage? There are others who have laid down their hopes of wedded bliss for the sake of accomplishing some good work, or for the sake of a father, mother, sister, or brother. In such cases celibacy is an honorable, anti may be a praiseworthy state. CasselPs Magaziiie. .

The Men to Interview.

The man who wants to be interviewed is the man the reporter does not want tn interview. He will ahowhis axto grind. Find a man who has to be sought, one who knows something and has not talked out all he knows, and he is a treasure.— New Orleans Picayune.

INDIANA STATE NEWS.

, —The first State encampment of thelh--<ll an a division of the Sons of Veterans was held at Richmond. Thtfbloction of officers resulted as follows, leaving the Adjutant and Quartermaster to be appointed:Colonel, E. 8. Walker, .West Lebanon; Lieutenant Colonel, Edward Muhl, Richmond; Major, A. J. Deffenbatrgh, South Bend; delegate to the national encampment, Capt. W. H. Hansche, Richmond; delegate at large, Capt. Garrett, of Winchester; alternate at large, D. W. Wood, Anderson; alternate to national encampment, D. E. Wooden, Greensburg; council-in-chief at national encampment, F.J. Goodwin, West Lebanon. The following were appointed by Col. Walker: D. W. Wood, Judge Advocate; N. W. Swafford, division inspector; F. C. Barrett, chaplain; A. M. Arbaugh, chief mustering officer; J. T. Watterhouse, surgeon. The next encampment will be held on the first Tuesday in June, 1888, at Indianapolis. —The following patents have been issued to Indiana inventors: Ellis C. Atkins, Indianapolis, saw tempering and straightening machine; Perry G. Austin, Hecla, apparatus for setting tires; Charles H. Bartlett, South Befid, bookholder and cover; Caleb Easterling, Friendswood, broadcast seeding machine; Augustin Ellis, Bedford, mowing machine; Elmer E. Hess, Brock, gate; Be jamin F. Jones and J. F. Mays, assignors of one-third to C. C. Caldwell. Indianapolis, bag lock; Joseph Krementz, New Albany, assignors of onehalf to W. N. Escott, Jeffersonville, photographic camera; Albert Maulen, assignor to E. C. Atkins, Indianapolis, saw tempering and straightening machine; John McHale, assignor of one-half to A. H. Teush and I. Lahey, Terre Haute, hydrocarbon generator and burner; William B. Nelson, Richmond, gate closer. —The Secretary of the State Board of Agriculture has issued the annual premium list for the State fair of 1887. It announces an increase in the total premiums to sll,000; serves notice on exhibitors that the State Board has purchased an additional twenty acres of ground adjoining their present possessions, and that there will bo abundance of room for the coming exposition; calls attention to the fact that the fifteen railroads will haul people to the State fair, beginning September 19. at the usual half-fare rate, notwithstanding the new commerce laws, and invites the people to take in the new capitol, the city hall, and market house, the new railway station, and the gas wells in coming to the fair. —The Attorney General has given an opinion to the Auditor of State relative to exemption of taxes on certain lands used for charitable purposes. The question submitted was whether or not the Aged Persons’ Home and Orphan Asylum of the German Baptist Church in Henry County was entitled to this exemption. The Attorney General held that the institution is a charitable one, and is entitled to hold forty acres of land free from taxation. —As the Indianapolis Light Artillery battery was leaving the Exposition grounds after its customary drill, recently, Johnson Holmes accidentally fell off the caisson, the wheels of which passed over one of his legs, breaking it just below the thigh. Although Mr. Holmes was one of the bestdrilled members, the accident to him did not prevent the battery from entering the Washington contest.

—A young man named Quick, while out hunting, near Corydon, shot a squirrel, which, in falling lodged in the branches of the tree. Quick climcd the tree to get the squirrel, and accidentally fell to the ground, receiving injuries which have since caused his death. Quick had only been in the neighborhood a short time, and claimed that he had come from New Albany. —Clem, the 10-year-old sou of Elwood McGuTfe/waSatmostfrig'h'tened'to'deatE and badly hurt by a black Newfoundland dog at Richmond. It chewed up the boy’sarm frightfully and then maimed him for life by completely bitting off the end of his hose. McGuire borrowed a rifle and dispatched the dog, but the end of the child’s nose could not be restored. —A 15-year-old boy, named Arby Hew—titt, living near Danville, was kicked to death by a farm horse, which he tried to mount. His foot caught in the gears, causing the horse to take fright and run off. The horse ran a quarter of a mile,, and when caught had kicked and bruised the lad until he was in a dying condition. He expired in half an hour. —The Christian Church congregation at Crawfordsville have been for some time talking about building a new church, and now the new edifice is an assured fact. At a meeting held recently about ten thousand dollars was subscribed, and it is now the intention to obtain that much more* and proceed at once to. erect the new church. —Greely Palmer, a lad who has been working at Boyce’s bagging factory, Muncie, had his clothing caught in the machinery of a carding machine, and before assistance could reach him his left arm was terribly mutilated to the elbow, and the ends of the fingers' on the right hand were torn off. 1 —Harvey Hines and A Ifred Stevons»both colored, aged respectively 13 and 15, became involved in a difficulty at Cannelton, in which Stevens stabbed his playmate in the throat, cutting the jugular vein. Hines died almost instantly. No cause is assigned- for the , bloody deed, as they werefriends. —Wabash College, at Crawfordsville, has just received another bequest from the Sabin estate at LaPorte, which has given the institution $65,000. Mrs. Sabin has given $5,000 to be devoted to the endowment of alcove of books in the college library in memory of her son Chauncey. —The jury in the case of Blair Mock, of Huntington, who has been on trial at Marion for the murder of Horry Vandevender, returned a verdict charging Mock with manslaughter and fixing the penalty at fifteen years in tho penitentiary. Mock’s father is a rich physician of Huntington. —The monument erected by the Odd Fellows of Indiana to the memory of the late Vice President Schuyler Colfax, in commemoration of his services in establishing the degree of the Daughters of Rebekah, was formaliy unveiled at Indianapolis with imposing ceremori**