Rensselaer Republican, Volume 19, Number 28, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 17 March 1887 — Page 3

RURAL TOPICS.

Some Practical Suggestions for the Husbandman and the Housewife. r formation for Ihe Farmer, StockBreeder, Poulterer* Nurseryman, and Housekeeper. , AGRICULTURE. ' Ferdlny Hoys. ' Tbe popular idea that a hog cannot hurt Itself by over-feeding, is erroneous. Even if fattening, it is better tq give only what can be enten up clean at one time nnd at regular intervals. If the feeding occurs at stated times each day, the hogs {will lie down and sleep in the intervals, and this will fatten them faster and be more healthful than keeping food before the animals all the time. A ipess of partially-eaten food left in his trough is distasteful even •to a hog, nnd makes him eat less in quantity and with less relish than he otherwise would. Diversified Agriculture. Mr. 8. G. Harrison at the Illinois Dairymen’s Convention just held at AuTora, presented a paper on mixed farming, in which the whole subject was carefully •considered. One of the points made was that any product to be consumed in a distant market should be decreased in bulk and weight so long as it does decrease in money value. Hence beef, mutton, and pork should be fattened. Dairy products are still more reducible. This was illustrated as follows: If a bushel of corn weighing fifty-six pounds will produco six pounds of pork, four pounds of beef or two pounds of butter, and all are to be consumed in New York City, and each could be produced at the same expense, and would sell for the •same amount in tho city, the butter producer would have a reasonable profit over even meat producers, to say nothing of what he would gain over sellifig the corn. Besides, the man who ships grain off his farm is rapidly reducing its productive capacity, for we rob our land to the extent if we remove anything from it. As “mixed farming” reduces the bulk and weight of products sold without decreasing their value, thus reducing the drain on the fertility of the land and cost of transportation to place of consumption, besides utilizing much that would otherwise be wasted, we would recommend “mixed farming” to every one having enough capital and business capacity to manage it properly. Combination was also illustrated as among tbe important means of increasing the revenue on the farm, and it was held that when each part is well done, too many things cannot be combined. Nevertheless it must be remembered that it is fully as difficult to carry out a largo combination of interests in agriculture as it is to undertake several trades or professions under one management. Few persons can carry out the breeding of turf or draft horses in their several strains, breed several families of beef and dairy cattle, and at the same time carry on a system of general cropping and of dairying. But one and the same man, if he has good business ability, may select'a singly breed of horses or cattle, whether beef or dairy, one of sheep, and one of hogs, and at the same time carry on cropping; and if he keeps a dairy breed of •cattle, he may carry on dairying successfully. In fact, a man cannot breed successfully without also combining an intelligent system of cropping therewith. Combination is always an advantage where tho parts combined perform their several functions as well as could be done singly. One phase of this was illustrated as follows: The corn-planter and check-rower that accomplishes in one operation what was formerly done in the four separate operations of “marking," “dropping,” “covering,” and “rolling,” is but one of the many inventions which illustrate the great advantages of combination. As a country ot varied resources is superior to one limited to a few, so a business having several sources of profit is more certain of success than that limited to one thing. In relntion to mixed farming Mr. Harrison held: Farming, raising horses, cattle, swine, and poultry, and manufacturing butter and cheese, are seven departments of business and labor quite unlike in many respects. A man who would be a marked success in one of them, might be a failure in all the others. Find a man who understands each department and add to this yet, ability to manage employes, and you have one who will be a grand success in “mixed farming.” But each department must be managed the very best, because it is only the very best in any trade or profession that have" profit or honor from their work. In “mixed furming” there is required more capital as well as business capacity than in any single department that may enter into combination, and it is only in an extensive business- that, much profit accrues, because the expense in buildings, machinery, and labor is nearly the same in a small as in a large business. „ . . “Mixed farming” has a decided advantage in labor and produce saved. Tbe dairy supplies calves, and milk for them, and pigs, which would be mostly lost in dairying alone. A vast amount of course feed'is valuable as such feed can be used in combined farming that would be entirely lost in farming alone. There is als® a vast saving in the cost of transportation.

STOCK-BREEDING. —~—r~ Making Horses Kat Ulotclg. Old horses often get in the habit of swallowing their food too fast This is from a painful realization of the danger of not getting a square meal if they delay. None tho less the habit is a bad one, and should be corrected. A few clean cobble stones mixed with the onts in their box and left there will cause them to pick the feed over slowly and masticate it more thoroughly. Cut feed is less likely to be eaten rapidly than.whole grain, and dry meal than that •which has been wet. _ , r „„ . • American Hogs. The Poland China is distinctively an American breed, having been made up bycrossing many others. The hogs of this breed are of dark spotted eolor, with fine drooping ears, small heads, long bodies, and short legs. They fatten at an early age, but in eighteen to thirty months make very heavy hogs. The Berkshires were introduced into the United States from England over fifty years ago, dnd have since been greatly improved. They are black, with while on feet, tip of tail, and an occasional splash on arm or some part of the body. The face is short, fine, dished; ears almost erect, but inclining forward; back straight; body round; tail fine; legs short and set well apart; length medium; bone fine. They mature very early. Their flesh is well-marbled and skin thin. The small Yorkshire is a white breed recently introduced from England. Their faces are very dishing, giving a rather ludicrous expression; ears nearly erect," inclining forward. In general form they possess much genuine porcine beauty, and are very popular in England. The Chester Whites are truly American swine, having originated in Chester County, Pennsylvania. Being a “made-up" breed, there was great variation among them, but

at length a distinctive type has been obtained by careful breeding. The Chester Whites are large white hogs, with small heads; ears projecting forward and lapping at (he points; coat thin, with no bristles; long, deep bodies. The Cheshiros are supposed by good authority to have been derived fiom the Yorkshires. In form and other points, except color, they resemble the Berkshires. They are pure white, smaller and finer than the Chester Whites, and larger than tho Snffolkß. They ore prolific, mature early, and their flesh is nicely streaked with fat and lean, like the Berkshires. The' Snffolks oro small white hoes, with very thin hair and line pink skin. They are not popular among the great pork producers of the West, but are animals for tbe village mechanic who keeps one pig,, und tbe amateur. In short, they may be regarded a fancy breed, rather than cue for business. They mature early, fatten easily and make fine, delicate pork if killed at six o eight months old. The Essex hogs are black, and in all points except color greatly resemble the Suffolks. They nro less sensitive to hot sunshine, keep in good condition on gross nlone, and fatten easily. They nre quite popular at the East, but nre not kept largely in the West. There is a larger, or, as it is called, improved Essex, made by crossing with Inrger breods, for which much is claimed. The Duroc-Jersey is red in color, and is supposed to have descended from the old style of Berkshires. among which that J)eculiar color was preva'ent. The Duroclersev has been bred under other names in the United States for moro than sixty years, but it is oaly recently that tho present namo was adopted. They are long, deep hogs, with moderatoly small heads, ears drooping forward, bone rather large, body deep and long, legs firm and short. When fully matured they dress 400 to 500 pounds, and pigs at nine months old should dress 250 to 300 pounds. —Prairie Farmer. „

DAIRYING. Kcond>miJ fin the Dairy. W. D. Howard, of Wisconsin, says a pound of butter from a poor cow costs twice as much as from a good cow. The facility for making money lies in the man nnd not altogether in the times. Some men will pay out $2 for feed to save $1 for Repairs. Some men will stop the cold{ by extra rations of corn, meal, and hay, when more thrifty farmers will batten the cracks of the barn. Instead of getting two crops of clover in a season the poor farmer gets one inferior crop. ‘The more succulent the food the less the tax on the cow. You cannot improve the bullock and the cow at the same time. Mr. Boynton has grown sixty tons of sweet, dry corn-fodder on six acres by planting three feet between the rows and six inches apart in tho row. Odors in Milk. We do not allude to the odors, absorbed by the milk, but to those imparted to it immediately at the time of milking. Again we ask, as we have done before, “How many wash the udders of tho cows before milking them?” Some will even read with astonishment our inquiry, for it is well known that all over this great country, with but few exceptions, the attendant goes to stalls-and milks the cows without washing the udders, nnd carries the milk to the milk-room. Yet in the short period of time before the milk can even cool, it has received greater damage than can occur to it in any other manner. In tho first place, where the cows are kept in stalls, it is not an easy matter to have them drop the "solid or liquid manures to the rear, and entirely out of the stall. Eyen then a portion may spatter upon the cow’s bed, and if the cow adjusts herself for rest during the night she will probably get more or less of the offensive matter on her udder and teats. This cannot be prevented, and exists as a stern fact, as all well know that frequently the whole 'side' ofj the body is covered with filth. The cow also perspires, and though the perspiration may be insensible, yet every pore of her body is eliminating odors, matter being exuded that is really injurious. There is no more direct channel downward for this eliminated matter than that which lends to the udder and teats. True, a portion may evaporate, but there is, nevertheless, a proportion on those parts. A cow also sheds her hair, or rubs off some of it from her skin. In doing so she also loosens more or less dirt from her hide, which may be as easily dusted upon the udder as elsewhere, while the loosened hairs find a lodgment also wherever they -Tall. Then there is the saliva from the tongue when she licks herself, to say nothing of the kicks and scratches received from the feet, which throw filth in every direction. Will the dairyman remove this filth with the strainer? It is an impossibility for hint to do so even if he strained the milk a hundred times. The strainer may arrest tho hairs, but the moist hand of the milkman will remove the dirt from the teats and lower part of the udder, which will dissolve and can no more be strained out than can cream. The beginning of improved dairying is at the pall, and plenty of water, clean hands, a dry towel, nnd a good washing of the udder and teats is the first essential. — Farm. Field, and Stoclcmnn.

FRUIT-CULTURE. Vine-Grafting, Grafting the grapevine is rather a delicate job, and even when well done does not always succeed. Remove the earth about the stump and cut as low down ns you can without interfering with the lateral roots. Split the stump as for ordinnry cleft grafting; insert the scions (two will bo enough), see the bark of the stump comes in contact with the bark of the scion; apply tho ordinary grafting wax and then cover with earth so deep that there will be no danger from freezing. In the spring remove a portion of the earth, but not all, and if the shoots start from the graft, assist them in getting through. The difficulty of vine-grafting is the starting of the sap in the spring, and it is hard to overcome. ■ ■ —. Storing Apples. Some fruit-growers pick and immediately put the apples in barrels, head, and let them remain in a suitable place until they are sent to market. Others pick and put in boxes or bins in their cellars. The best method is to have a special apple-house, where the temperature can be nearly controlled, and then placed on shelves and left until the proper time for, selling arrives. Mr. Richardson, of Pebperill, built his apple house on a side hill, stoning three sides and pointing the wall with double boarding and double doors in front, with roof over the whole. Here he stored his apples on shelves, allowing them to remain until sold. ~~~ —— T . 7;, r. reaches in northern Climates. Of late years peach-growing has heroine very uncertain > every where, owing to the prevalence of yellows. If this can be overcome by heavily manuring, and especially by free use of potash salts; the fruit is more certainrto be valuable because of its liability to disease. In tho early history of all the Northern States, peach trees were as easily grown, as sure n crop and ne <vigorous, though net so long lived, as apple trees. Now few think of planting them, from fear that they will be winter-killed by the low temperatures which often prevail. If the

ground is covered with snow, the trees are aafe at temperatures not more than twenty to thirty below zero. By consulting local climatic' reooids any one can determine for himself whether these low temperatures are likely to be reached or exceeded in his neighborfiood. But wherever peaches were grown when the country was new it is worth while trying to grow them again. We do not believe a popular theory that our winters nre growing colder. What makes them seem so is the clearing aw r ay of forests, which not only give the winds free sweep, but prevents the ground from being uniformly covered with snow. It is the . absence of snow under peach trees which mnkss both fruit und trees more liable to injury by cold than formerly. If when the first snow falls in winter the ground under peach trees is covered with conrse manure, it will preset ve a covering over the roots all winter, nnd will also keep back the buejs, and thus prevent destruction of the blossoms by into frosts in spring. ~

POULTRY-BREEDING. Cheap Poulh'y Houses, Beginners in keeping poultry usually start out with exaggerated ideas of the profit to be derived from this business. As the buildings for housing fowls are among the first items of expense, they are apt to be constructed on far too large and costly a scale. The inside work should be painted, or better still, sheathed with tarred building pnper, in order to make it offensive to vermin. With two or three windows to 'afford light nnd ventilation a small poultry bouse can be constructed for fifteen to txventy dollars, according as the poultry keeper is handy with tools and able to do much pi the work himself. Then if after one or two years more room is desired, build another house on the same cheap pattern, and far enough away so that the fowl in each can bo enclosed in separate yards. When these hen-houses become old it will be more and more difficult to keep them from vermin. A cheap house will pay its cost in a very few years, and it may sometimes bo advisable to pull down and build anew, which course with expensive houses could not be afforded. The poultry house should never be constructed iu a barn, especially one where other farm stock is kept. The vermin, which it is almost impossible to clear out of nn old poultry house, become au intolerable nuisance on horses, cattle, or even swine. Poultry Xotes. A hen that attends to business will lay her own weight in eggs inside of two months. It is only when inactive and under artificial conditions that the Asiatic fowls become loggy, fat, and lazy. It is a good plan to have two sets of roosting poles for the hens, and change them each week, setting them outside when not in use. Milk, either fresh or sour, buttermilk, skimmed milk, mixed with meal, or in any other form, is just the thing for fowls. It will pay better to give waste milk to fowls than to hogs. When using artificial mothers, beware of making them too warm. The danger of this is plain enough; the heated and relaxed chicken runs out in the cold air and gets inflammation of the lungs. A xvbitee recommends lime and salt, mixed with Bof| teed, as an excellent remedy for chicken cholera. He claims that he entirely stopped its ravages in a flock in a few days by its use. The wings of fowls that fly over a common four-leet fence may be clipped to prevqpt this, or a belter mode is to strip each of the flight feathers upon one wing to its shaft, or quill, say up to within an inch or two of the end. This fine side plumage will grow out again slowly, but this stripping of one wing will disable the fowl from rising up in the air to fly over the fence. Another plan adopted by carefnl breeders is to cover the run entirely, say threo feet from the ground, with common two-inch fish twine netting. A hen in perfect health will not usually drop an egg daily for more than three days in succession. ~Fp\vls that are confined in narrow enclosures for any length of time cannot be in perfect health. They are forced out of their natural habits. For immediate use their eggs are as good as any. With increasing age the egg shells grow thinner, and some drop them with no shells at all. Strength and stamina of the system, supported bv good, wholesome food, produce the shell. It is a calcareous substance which forms around the egg after it is perfect in the oviduct. —Poultry WorldL. ~

KITCHEN ECONOMY. Cortimcal Muffins. One and one-lmlf cups of cornmeal, the same of flour, two teaspoonfuis of baking powder, one-half cup sugar, one-half teaspootiful of salt, small tablespoonful of melted butter, two eggs, milk enough to make a stiff batter. Fried Hasty Fuddlttg. Fried hasty-pudding, hominy or oat meal should be boiled the day before, and set away in a wet pnn to stiffen. A deep, square pan is the best. Cut in' half-inch slices and fry in lard or beef dripping until brown. The com meal will tnke fully half an hour to brown. Serve hot with syrup or molasses. Forced Leg of Mutton. Cut the long bone out of the leg carefully, leaving at least one pound of meat on the bone. Mince this meat with six ounces of nice bacon, and add, finely chopped, one ounce of parsley, half an ounce each of thyme and savory, half a teaspoonful of pepper (or a third as much cayenne), and the same quantity of nutmeg, mace And salt, and the grated lind of a-lemon. Fill the lower part of the leg and sew the skin carefully togeiher where the cut was made, tying the knuckle tight 'to prevent the escape of the gravy. Insert the flat bone at the large end and fasten, it in place- with twine or skewers. Jiang it to roast with the knuckle end down, and keep it well basted. In baking, place a trivet or rack under the large end. Roast or bake for,three honrs. When cold and firm remove the twine and serve. Ida In Currant School Cakes. When children have a long distance to school aud cannot come home to dinner these Cakes are very satisfying and far better than any other food, which generally gets pretty well pummelled before‘dinner hour, which the young romps can testify if they choose, God bless them. Take a qunrten of dough kneaded ready for bread, if you have it, from the bakers, or if it is cold stretch it on your paste board, and put six ounces of good dripping or lard, one pound of well-picked, clean currants,, three-fourths pound of sugar, and if you can afford it some candied peel thinly sliced and some spice on your dougji; pour over breakfast cup of boiling water; then mix with the paste and knead until the whole is well incorporated; if you have not sufficient water add more, as it mnst not be stiff or it will turn out heavy; then divide it and put each into separate baking tins; stand before the fire to rise; when that is done sufficiently bake with good brisk t pyen as for bread two hours, or divide into mice school cakes, hy greasing 6mall tins or saucers and bake from twenty to thirty minutes. Seed cake made as above but without currants is very good.

A SOUTHERNER’S VIEW.

John A. Wise, of Virginia, the Former Confederate Soldier. How a Republican Tells of the Future and Its Hopes. **“ i ■ ■ His Tribute to the Republican Party, the Courage of Its Faith and Its Works. [Extracts from Hon. John A. Wise's spoech at tho Michigan banquet, February, 1887.) Why, my fellow-citizens, the time has come, with its wonderful revolution, when the little boys of tho South are taught from tho history, and the mon of tne South are learning that Abraham Lincoln in his day and generation was the greatest sago and statesman of his century. lApplauso.j And I will tell you another thing that is happening every day, North and South. The man who shod his blood for the Union or Confederacy may try to stem the flood without avail. Tho little boys of the North and South who read the history of that war—their blood is thrilling with tbe glorious deeds of Grant and Logan; and tho boy may be the most loyatthat over waß educated, but he cannot help a little pride for Stonewall Jackson too. tl’rolonged applause and cheers. | The tim'o will come, my fellow-citizens, nnd no shriek of old time animosity can keep it back, when the people of the United States will remember nothing of the causeß of that strife, nothing of the differences, because tbe great issues which were involved are fixed forever, and the South to-day, lot mo tell you, could not bo driven out of tbe Union if you were to try. [Prolonged applause.] I Bay to you that no greater revolution lias over been witnessed or over will bo than in the feeling which prevails there,,pot only in the sentiment of union, but in the growing feeling that the ltepublican party is the true hope of the people of tho bouth. [Applause. I Would any gentleman ask me why? I will answer boldly, because the ltepublican party, from the hour of its birth until now. knew what it was for, and was not afraid to tell. Because the Republican principles were such that he who runs may read, and the wayfaring man, though a fool, can understand. Becaqso the Republican party, bom in a great national throe, announced its princples, no matter bow obnoxious they might have been at the time to those who were opposed to it; and when those principles were announced never stopped until they were carried to their legitimate conclusion. Because it for twenty-five years has been the pioneer in thought, in every movement that has culminated in the great prosperity of this land to-day; because it is a party now of which i t can 1 e said it never was afraid of a great idea because it wai new and it never was afraid to take hold of a new idea because it was great. And I say that in the South is tho future growth of tho Republican party. Why ? It sounds like a paradox to announce it here, und yet it is true. The people of the South never were a negative or an obstructive people. Tho Democratic party of this country, unless it is s+opping somebody or denying something, is nothing at all. [Applause and laughter.] Too people of the South have undergono a revolution that you can little understand here. I say to you In all sincerity that tho alkali desert of slavery that lay in the Southern land and know only the hot breuth of sectional passion is to-day beginning to bloom with the fruit of industry and labor. I tell you, my Irionds and fellow-citizens of Michigan, there is the ground for your missionary work. You little realize that South Carolina, once solely given up to political abstractions and deeming work deregotury from her gentility, South Carolina to-day is entering the markots of the world with cotton products, and battling Tor the market of Shanghai, sending out millions of her cotton cloth each month. In Alabama a city has sprung up almost with tho suddenness of magic under the influence of the development of her iron and her coal. George Washington once said, in the darkest days of the revolution, “Give me a little band of iS'y men in the mountains of West Augusta and there I will resist the combined powers of all our enemies.” In these same mountains of West Augusta to-day the mountain side has been tapped, and coal and iron and minerals of all kinds are poured out to the few men who hate gathered in those mountains of West Augusta. The wealth that Old Virginia lost is coming back to her in her newly developed in-

-jfustries. I tail you that a new South is to-day dawning. I tell you that a new population is going there. I tell you, my fellow citizens, that the people of these sections have tried the Democratic party and lound that it Was not what it promised, and are ready to leave it and seek a real p irty instead of a snare and a delusion. |Applause.] Do you ask me why they return to the Republican party? I will tell you why. If tho Republican party had been the power in which they put their trust, they would have known that it had always been an honest party in what it professed, and when it came into power they would have expected, as certainly as there are one hundred cents in a gold dollar, that the Republican party would CABBY OUT ITS PLATFORM, good, bad or indifferent. If the Republican party, by the aid of the solid South, had won its victory in 1884, don’t you know that when it had told the Solid South that it would givo education through the means of the Blair bill, that it would have given it to the Solid South instead of burying it in a committee? [Applause.l Don't you know, my fellow-citizens, that if the Republican partv had won the victory by tho aid of the solid Sou'll and had promised tho reEeal of the internal revenuo laws, that it would avo carried out the promise as soon as it was in power? Yet tho" Democratic party has taken that law and never been able to make its two wings flap together when tho question was up. (Applause! Don't you know, mv fellow citizens, that if tho Republican party had been elevated to power upon a promise to distribute the surplus in tho Treasury, that in this lapse of time that surplus would havo been distributed instead of having Sam Randall at one end of tho bag and Morrison at the other, pulling the thing in two and spilling it ally iApplause and laughter! Don’t you know that if the Republican party, abandoning its past history, had gained power by an appeal to race prejudice, if it had gone through the South, saying, “We are the white men s party,” that it never would have been guilty of the duplicity of appointing Matthews the first thing that it did. [Applause. |

f ellow citizens, this altered Democracy -has given us the shibboloth of Jeffersonian simplicity. There was a secretive, furtive vein in Thomas Jefferson that "would have mode it quite correct and very much alike in sound to speak of Jeffersonian duplicity. (Applause and laughter.) In the days of George Washington—from whom, thunk God, the liepublican party has taken the' chart of its principles, for the liepublican party might to-day / o into its next campaign with no other platform, no other sign than the picture of George Washington and his farewell address, that would he no more, no less, than the groat Republican party has to-day. (Applause). In the days of George Washington there wag a hatchet. [Daughter.] \Ve have hoard of this Jefforsonian simplicity, and I suppose we never will have such an example of it as the message which the Democratic Executive sent assigning reasons for tho appointment of Mr. Matthews. Smart indeed must have V» on the Jeffersonian who would give to a Republican Sonate such n reason. And quick and hot was the blow that came back from the hatchet of George Washington when the ainswer to those reasons was thrust under his nose. [Applause.; Wo have other maxims from this party which we will try to match. It seems to me that in the early stages of tho present administration wo had the expression “innocuous desuetude," and the answering echo to that sentiment over in Indiana was “noxious Turpiletudo. (Daughter.’] Now, my fellow-citizens, these great disappointments from a party that has promised everything and performed nothing, the memory of the splendid prosperity which attended the rule of the Republican party of this country, all are Having their effect, all are telling their tale. A brightening, deepening senderof patriotism is pervading this land from one to mother, thank God, and love that no man can put down is becoming universal in this land. ■There are great and salient points of difference between the Republican and the Democratic party, points winch cannot be forgotten, points toucliing'the election laws which 1 think best not to discuss. I say to you,’ frankly, although I have fought against those outrages and abuses, that the temper and spirit of the South to-day is more catholic, more reasonable, more disposed by a proper effort to realize that the Republican party of this country is its best friend than ever before, und for God's sake let no bitterness stop the tide which is steadily and Rurcly rising, [(treat cheers;; Whv should not the land which gave birth to Washington rally under the banner which be handed to this great party'/ It will. Ithas. You heard the s o_'an in the last election. We snatched seven of the T-u Congressmen from the hands of bourbonism ’ t ad the next time we will try to make it unanimous. [Applause.; Pursued broad and liberal Joliey toward this people,* and this nation’s x ealth will not have to be poured out to save

New York 1“ every national election. [Cheers,[ Pursue A broad and catholic spirit. Stick to the pledges that are inode by tne Republican party, and In the next election West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, Tennesu-.i, aud Indiana will fall into line. |Loud cheers. | I care not who It ia, AH that we ask is that a Republican tried and true be put In charge of the standard. I cere not whether It be Blaine, of Maine Itremendoua cheers) or seme other Republican. Either is good onough for the Republicans of Virginia. Fellow-citizens, I read the other day an account of the marriage of George Washington, and it reminded me »f the present. Tbe writer described a lovely, beantlful wedding, at which the ohormiug bride was led from the chancel to a stately chariot drawn by thoroughbreds, and she and the lovely bevy of ladies were placed In the chariot, while Goorgo Washington and the gallant company of gentlemen rode opposite, escorting them to the home. The, spirit of George Washington to-day Is riding by the chariot ot tho nat on, and In it ho sees the faces ot the States, as no saw tbe hrido and the bride s maids a hundred years ago. And now, turning from tho sublime to tho ridiculous, therunning goar of that chariot reminded me of the I >ast of this country. In the front, with the :ing-pin. the national union, springing from the axle, with tho pole that gives direction to it, being in the front, is the great Republican party. Behind it, bearing the burdens ot tbe States, and making a great ado In passing over rats that the forowheels have already passed, is the Democratic party, always content to go rumbling and noisy in a track already made, and never making a traok of its own unless the thing is going backwards. [Laughter and applause.] A word m ore and I have done. George Washington, the father of every principle we cherish, was a household word with me. My father’s mother’s fathor, at 19 years of ago, left his bride of but six weeks and followed the fortunes of George Washington. He fought with a red bandana handkorchief tied to a ramrod at Brandywine. Ho staid with him and never returned to his home until my grandmother was eighteen months old. His namo appears oftener as officer of tho day during that bleak and dreary winter at Valley Forge than any other officer upon the Revolutionary roster. He went away a Lieutenant and came back a Colonel, and when the Froneh war was threatened, was chosen commander of the Virginia militia by George Washington himself. To the day of bis death, in overy company, he had but one toast, and that was “God bless George Washington.”,. |Applause,George Washington, in the household where i was reared, was type and synonym of all that was noble in my mind. I was taught that he was greater than Alexander, because no tear of tbirst for conquest ever coursed down his cheek. I

was taught that he was greater than Csesar, because fie curbed his ambition. I was taught that he was greater than Marlborough. because no sordid act ever soiled his great life. I was taught that he was greater than Napoleon, because he was content to fight for his country and nevor against another. I was told that he was greater than all because he combined statesman, soldier, and citizen aB no mra before him did or since he died has done. [Applause.l Speak of that flag I Why should I not love it—the flag that George Washington handed down to us? There never was a day, so help me God. that I ever felt that it belonged to anybody else but me. [Tremendous cheers.J That day has gone and passed forever. The vision of another empire on this soil has passed away as a baseless dream. The man that brings it up had better busy himself with the present and the future, because he is proposing a thing that is dead, that no one can revive. It will be remembered. Yes, it will. Among the many monuments roared to the memory of George Washington is one splendid shaft at the national capital. It springs in simple symmetry until it melts in the blue ether above, taller than »r of its fellows. It tell the simple, grand story of the life of George Washington, and- bears upon its face an allegory mere complete than is contained in all the hieroglyphics upon Cleopatra’s Needle in New York. What is it? From the ground upward to a certain point it bears a discolored surface. The stones are varied. Thence onward it springs unblemished to its completion. For a century to come that monument will bear that mark—aye, until it crumbles back to 1 ' earth, perhaps it will toll the story. What was it? Was it begun on the universal concession that George Washington and his principles should survive? No. It was begun with woman’s love. One stone at a time, rising slowly that monument to Washington rose, rose, rose, until at last when the great struggle came which was to decide whether those principles should be made perpetual, it stopped. There it stood while the great struggle .went onv Then it paused. Arounu its top were clouds and darkness. About’ It was a mist that hung concealing its incompleteness. It stood like an interro_at;on mark, as if to say: Shall the principles of George Washington provail in the land which Re made free? At last, with a new impulse, it began again. Homogeneous, bright, unspotted, thence it sprang onward and upward until it was built, and the completed '.monument there to-day bears on its face the legend telling when it paused, how it toiled and then bow it sprang until it was done. The future generations shall ask who completed the monument to George Washington; who made the story of his life complete? Who placed it there, the evidence that those principles for which he struggled shall be tbe guiding faith of the people of this land? Be the Republican party dead or alive, bait banished forever from power or yet to come back stronger than ever, until the monument shall crumble, until it shall fall back to tho earth from which it springs, it stands as a perpetual memorial that the principles of George Washington were perpetuated by the Republican party of this country- LApplause.]

Quotations from Samuel Smiles.

The courage that displays itself in silent effort and endeavor—that dares to endure all and suffer all for truth and duty—is more truly heroic than the achievements of physical valor, which are rewarded by honors and titles, or by laurels sometimes steeped in blood. There is scarcely a great truth or a doctrine but has had to fight its way to public recognition in the face of detraction, calumny, and persecution. Self-control is only courage under another form. Self-control is at the root of all the virtues. Let a man give the reins to his impulses and passion, and from that moment he yields up his moral freedom. We may train ourselves in a habit-of patience and contentment On the one hand, or of grumbling and discontentment on the other. Forbearance and self-control smooth the road of life, and open manv ways which would otherwise remain closed. A strong temper is not necessarily a had temper.

It is not men’s faults that ruin them, so much as the manner in which they conduct themselves after the faults have been committed. There are words that strike even harder than blows; and men may “speak daggers,” though they use none. The wise and forbearant man will restrain his desire to say a smart or severe thing at the expense of another’s feelings, while the fool blurts out what he thinks, and will sacrifice his friend rather than his joke. —‘ When one is tempted to write a clever but harsh thing, though it may be difficult to restrain it, it is always better to leave it in the inkstand. It is said that, in the long run, the world comes round to and supports the wise man who knows when and how to be silent. We have beard men of great experience say that they have oftea regretted having spoken, but never once regretted holding their tongue. A man of true feeling fires up naturally at baseness or meanness of any sort, even in cases where he may be under no obligation to speak out. The pursuit of ignoble pleasure is the degradation of trpe happiness. A right-minded man will shrink from seeming to be what he is not. Duty embraces man’s whole existence. i The examples set by the great and good do dot die: they continue to live and speak to aTT the generatipns that succeed them. It is idleip»«r*fnat is the corse of man—not iab<JFT" , Sloth never climbed a hill nor overcame a difficulty that it could avoids Even leisure can not be enjoyed unless it is won by effort. If it has not been earned by work, the price has not been paid for it. Idleness eats the heart out of men, ns of nations, and consumes them as rust does iron. * Power belongs only to the workers; the idle are always powerless. It is (he laborious, painstaking men who are the rulers of the world.

SCORES OF VICTIMS.

Six Cars Crowded with People Plunge Through a Viaduct in Boston. Flaws in tho Iron-Work the Cause of the Appalling Cataa- - ... trophe. Thlrty Killed, Eight Mortally Wounded, and Upward of a Hundred t Injured. i Boston special.! An accident which oquuls, if it does not surpass in number of dead and wounded, the recent horrible railroad disaster nour Hartford, Vt., occurred Monday morning iu the auburn* of Boston, on the Boston A iTovidenco Railroad. As the Dodham branch train, which leaves Dedham at 7.06 a. m. and is due at Boston at 7 :I0 a. in., was passing over the Bussey i ark bridge, which crosses fiouth street between Forest Hill and ltoslindalc, about a mile from Jamaica I’lain, the structure gave way and six curs, ho&tily laden with human i-eings, plunged thirty feet to tho roadway beneath, ’three of the nine c rs which composed the train remained on tho embankment, having crossed the bridge in safety, but they were wrenched from the rails and nearly demolished. Tne train was one of the largest and heaviest on tho morning 'list, nnd. as usual, it was hcav- , ily loaded with people going to their work in the city. It is a wonder that any escaped alive, nnd, as it is, tho names of the dead will number at least twenty-five, and perhaps mere. It ia impossible to obtain an absolutely correct account of the number injured, but it will reach 114 or more. Of these at lea-.t nine are fatally and twenty-flvo quite badly hurt, and tho remainder received only slight bruises. Some of too injured were at once conveyed to their homos, others were taken to hospitals, while otbeiß still found temporary shelter in the residences in the immediuto neighborhood. Some of tho dead—a ma.ority of thorn, n fact —were brought to the city hospital morgue, but there were others taken to tho depots of Roslindule, Forest Hill, and Canterbury. i onductor Tilden was in the third car. which remained on top of the ombankment, and on the ground directly underneath where he was standing when killed is a pool of blood, while half of the debris of that coach is spattered with blood. That tho horror of fir* was not added to the terrible disaster was due to the promptness with which relief was sent. The chemical engine from Roslindale was at the scene within twenty minutes after the wreck occurred, brought by a letter-carrier who gave an alarm of fire upon observing flames issuing from the debris. The flame*. Senj jsocn extinguished, and the firemen then did excellent work in rescuing the injured. The stoves in all the ear* were securely fastened to the floors Py iron bolts and the doors of the stoves were locked In only one car did the stoves upset, although in one instance a stove was smashed clear through tbe root ot tne car. The scene directly after tbe accident was heartrending. The shrieks of the injured were so loud thut they wore heard in the residence* in the vicinity. The bodies of the killed were hoiribly mangled, in some instance*their heads being entirely severed from their bodies, and many of the bodies were orusned almost be--yend recognition. In one place seven bodies tuken cut of the wreck were placed in a row. Rescue ol the Wounded. The engine remained on the track and the engineer, not stop)) ng to learn the extent at the disaster, proceeded to lorest hill station, whence he sent an alarm by telephone to the city. In a short time a corps of rescuers and Burgeons from the city were at tho scene. The only person known to have been an eyewitness of tne disaster who was not on the train was J. H. Lenncn, a fish dealer, stable was on the bill just above the bridue. Lennon was horrer-stricken when he saw the train take its awful plunge through the bridge. Fora moment, Lennon says, there 'was perfect quiet, and then tbe cries of the injured were heard issuing from tbe deb) is. Seizing an ax from the barn Lennon started for the wreck, which he reached in a moment. He climbed into the window of one of the coaches and set to work to release those perso.is who had leen pinned down by .the oroken timbers. Lennon with his ax released four men who were badly hurt and handed them out of the window to other men who bad come to the rescue. He also bunded out the dead bodies of two women, one of whom was nearly decapitated and hail both arms severed from her body. During all this time, Lennon says, the shrieks of the wounded and the groans of the dying made a pandemonium mound him ti.at was nothing short of horrible. In the meantime passengers from the coaches who had remained on top of the eipbankment, a d who had escaped serious injury, hud joined in the work of rescue. As the dead were removed they were laid in rows on the stone wall, while the wounded were laid on cushions, which were hastily gathered together. Arrangements were instantly made for the disposal of both the ki led and injured. Ambulances a lid hacks had been sent from the city within half an hour after the disaster had occurred, and as these conveyances reached the scene they were at once started hack to the city, laden with dead. A largo number of the injured were taken to residences in the vicinity to be cared for, while others were sent to the depots at Forest Hill and Roslindale. •.. Scene of the Wreck. Tho wreck as it lies makes a more appalling ruin than that of any recent disaster. At Deerfield, White River Junction,,and other scenes or horror fire wiped out all the ruins that were not indOsiructible, but not so this time. There lies the groat trough nearly filled with tom, twisted, crushed, and splintered railroad property. An adequate description of the shapeless rnasfe is simply impossible. Of the nine cars which formed the train six are in the cut. The first—No. >2o—lies minus its trucks near the track, about four hundred feet from the .nearest bridge abutment. It was tlie rear truck of this car that went wrong first, but the occupants were not hurt, being only shaken up. Just back of this car is No. 18, the second car of the truin. The car was swept from its trucks and its rear was crushed in by the ear following. Car No : ti, the third ono of the train, is on tho- embankment, badly demoralized, bat retains its general shape. ..The passengers in this cur were badly shaken up, but there were nc serious casualties among them. ’ This car lies partlyi n its side about luO feet lrom the chasm. Next came car No. 87. It is doubtful if any one escaped from this car alive. The bri ge entirely guvo way before it reached the inward site, but tbe momentum of the train and rile strength of the couplings carried it nearly ovei the chasm. It dropped ju t before it reached the abutment and the body of the car dashed against the solid stone wall. The force of the shock Shot the roof for tv a d so that it cleared the chasm and slid along the rails itself fulj length. The body of the car was literally ground to pieces, and tbe bits of wood, iron, and human bodies were strewn on the rood beneath, forming the foundation of the wreck. Those who examined the wreck could find no distinct trace in the ruins of tnis car which could be identified. The only proof that it had existed was the fact that there were plainly nine cat roofs at different points, and it followed, ol course, that nine eats had been wrecked, though it was possible to trace but eight. Tbe cars which lie in the chasm form a pile of wreckage 400 feet long by 10J feet wide. The road beneath crosses at such a sharp angle that ail the cars were diverted On striking the opposite abutment into a general position parallel v ith the s'reet and the abutim nts. Most of the casualties were in era 87, 80, and ot, respectively, the fourth, fifth, and sixth on the train, anil tue first, second, and third of those whicn went iito the chasm. Car No. 54 lies in a heap of splinters, with side and roof broken in. The stovo did not break its fastenings, but was broken above* tho grate. The fire, however, was extinguished. Car No. 80 lies parallel to car 5, unroofed, and with every seat gone. Several of tbe killed and wounded persons were taken frtpn this ear. The stove of this car remained firmly fixed and no fire escaped. Car 81 is partially demolished, while No. 82 lies almost intact upon the ruins. Many persons were injured in those car* and but few were killed. Back of them is the upturned wreck of the Binoker, only a coruer of which remains. The car whirled upside down as it halt fell from the embankment. Scarcely any of its occupants escaped injury, and Policeman Lailot and one or two others were killed. A talented pianist, Madame de V—-—, .■ sitting at dinner by the side of Colonel Ramolloi,rested him in an -amiable tone: “Colonel, are you fond of music?” “Madame, 1 ’ replied the warrior, rolling his eyes savagely, “I am not afraid tof it!** Photograph collector—By the way, I’ve been making a collection of monstrosities lately. Friend—lndeed! P. C.—Yes. And that reminds me, will you kindly let me have one of your photographs? It’s very curious, but doctors never seem to know anybody well.— Burlington Fret Press.