Rensselaer Republican, Volume 19, Number 6, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 14 October 1886 — Page 2

The Republican. RENSSELAER, INDIANA. G, E. MARSHALL * - rt’HUKiirt:

THE NEWS CONDENSED.

TIIE KANT. United States Senator Atstin F. PIKE of New Hampshire died suddenly at Franklin Fall*, in that State. Mr. I’ike was born Got. IC., 1819. He received an academic education, studied law. and was ad : nutted to the liar of Merrimac County in July, 1845, and had been in active practice since. He was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1850, 1831, 1852. 1805, and 1860, and was Speaker of the House the last two years. He was a memlier of the New Hampshire Senate in 1857 and 185 s. and was President of that body in 1858. He was Chairman of the Republican State Committee in 1838, 1859, and 1860; was delegate to the Philadelphia convention which nominated Gen. Fremont in 1856; was elected a Representative to the Forty-third Congress, serving from Dec. 1, 1873, to March 3, 1875, He was elected to the United' States Senate to succeed E. 11. Rollins, and took his seat Deo. 3,1883. —,—: __ A no a-constrictor somewhere from fifteen to twenty-seven feet in length was set free in the City Hall Park at New York bv the breaking of the lid of its cage. A cloth was thrown over its bead, when it was easily dealt with Datinu rE. .Tones, a lumber dealer in New York, issued nearly $300,000 in fictitious paper, and fled the. city. " ■

THE WEST.

H. L. Leavitt, who was arrested in Chicago on charge of being concerned in the murder of Bev. G. C. Haddock, at Sioux City', has made a eofifeSßTon, saying that one John Arensdorf, foreman of the Franz brewery, and one of the stockholders in that concern, was the assassin. He aays Arensdorf met the clergyman on the street on the night of Aug. 3, and held up his hand in front of Mr. Haddock's face. The latter (ook something from his pocket and struck Arensdorf, who thereupon drew a revolver and shot Haddock. Leavitt says lie and several others, whom he names, witnessed the shooting, and that all ran away after the crime was committed. Several of those implicated arc now under arrest, and warrants have been issued for the others. At the national bicycle tournament at Indianapolis, the five-mile championship and a bicycle were won by N. 11. Van Sicklen, of Chicago. His time was 15:59. He lias been successful in sixty contests out of eighty.... The corpse of Patrick Wallace, lynched at Steelville, Missouri, lay all day on a plank in the Court House, with the noose still about the neck. His parents refused to receive the body, and it wns buried on a desolate hill by the authorities. General Miles has issued a proclamation declaring the Indian campaign at an end and congratulating the troops.... Walter *W. Vrooman, claiming to lie editor of the Kansas City Labor Organizer; a socialistic sheet, was arrested in St. Joseph. Missouri, for denouncing the police of Kansas City and Chicago.... N. M. Neeld, one of the managing partners of the Chicago packing firm of J. C. Ferguson & Co., is missing. His absence led to the discovery that he had sunk ‘a large amount in speculation and had besides issued a large amount of bogus warehouse receipts upon which he had borrowed about $300,000. He was a director of the Chicago Board of Trade, and his dealings affect the Corn Exchange Bank of New York, the Bank of British North America, the Continental Nation il, the First National. and the Metropolitan National, all of Chicago. He is supposed to have gone to Canada. ______

THE SOUTH.

The shrinkage in cattle values, together with reports of serious epidemics throughout the country, is causing great mistrust among the cattlemen of Texas, says an Austin dispatch. Ttiere are rumors abroad that some of the most prominent cattlemen of this section have already become embarrassed, and that their paper has gone to -protest, but no one will Confess any knowledg of such a thing. It is even hinted that private residences hate been sold to insure creditors against loss. No individual cases of embarrassment have as yet come to light, but extensive lailures are looked for. By the explosion of the steamer Mascotte, near Cape Girardeau, Mo., six of the crew were burned to death by escaping steam; sixteen persons are known to have been drowned, and live deckhands and one passenger were fatally .burned. It is feared that others perished whose bodies have not been recovered. Oxe bale each of ramie and jute—the first of these products ever raised in the t"nited States—were presented to the Cotton Exchange at New Orleans by Mr. J. Jnvenet, who states that in Louisiana a net profit of SO3 per acre on ramie, and SO6 on jute, can be made by their cultivation. T. J. Clf vEßirs, who murdered Miss Fannie L. Madison near the reservoir in Richmond, Ya., has been sentenced to be banged Dec. 10.

WASHINGTON.

Commissioneb Sparks bas affirmed the validity of a French grant covering millions of dollars’ worth ..of property at New Orleans, including the Metairie Ridge Cemetery, and other tracts on the’ shell load to Lake Pontchartrain. Illinois paid $25,000.000 of internal revenue taxes last year, the greatest amount of any State in'- the Union. Kentucky Comes next, with $16,000,000; New Y'ork, $14,000,000; Ohio. $13,000,000; aud Pennsylvania, $73)09,000. The smallest contribution of any State or Territory was from Vermont, $31,000.

POLITICAL.

A Washington dispatch says: “An interesting question at the Cabinet meeting on Tuesday was the case of a United States attorney, who has been nominated for Congress, with .reference to. the propriety of his continuance in office pending the result of the Congressional election. The general opinion expressed was that the incumbent had better resign his Federal office, and he will be so informed.”.... Congressional nominations: Sixth Kentucky District. John G. Carlisle, Democrat; Sixth Michigan, John H. fedewa, Fusion; Twenty-first Pennsylvania. Welty McCullough, Republican; Tenth Massachusetts, J. E. Bussell, Democrat; Sixth Virginia, Samuel I. Hopkins. Knights of Labor, vice 3. B. Page, declined; Tenth Michigan, H. M. Load, Republican; Twen-ty-first Pennsylvania, 3. W. Latta, Demo*

cj*t; Eighteenth ; New York, H. G. Burbigh, Republican; Thirtythird .New York. .1. B. Weber; Republican; Nineteenth Pennsylvania, Levi Marsh, Fourth .Connecticut, M. T. Granger, Democrat; Tenth Massachusetts, W. 11. Earle, Prohibition; Seventh Massachusetts. W. H. '/Whiting, Republican; FirsCphio, Samuel A. Miller, Democrat; Second Ohio, Hugh Shiels, Democrat; Eighth Pennsylvania, George J), Ntiizel, Republican; Third Nebraska, G. W. Dorsey; First New Hampshire, 0. Knowles, Prohibition; Eighth Missouri, James H. Harris. Prohibition: Ninth Missouri. W. C. Wilson, Prohibition; Tenth Missouri* E. It. Grant, Prohibition; Sixth Texas, Judge A. B. Norton, Republican, i Tilk Colorado Democracy, in convention

nt Denver, placed in the field the following ticket; Governor, Alva Adams: Lieutenant Governor, H. B, Gillespie; Secretary of State, Jerry Mohone; Treasurer, James F, Benedict; Auditor. Casimero Barela; Attorney General, Col. Stirman; Congressman, Rev. Mvron Reed. The platform favors free and unlimited silver coinage; criticises the Republican party for creating and maintaining monopolies while in power, which resulted in a conflict between capital and .fyiibof;: commends the Democratic congress for refusing to suspend the silver coinage and for passing the surplus resolution; commends President Cleveland for his impartial execution of the civil-service law; congratulates the party upon its honest administration, and approves the reclamation of public lands. It sympathizes with the Irish home-rule movement, favors interstate legislation as to railroad corporations, and denounces convict labor, Ex-Senatoh llill, of Colorado, attribute-. his recent political defeat to the monopoly ridden condition of that State.... General John M. Corse has been appointed Postmaster at Boston, Mass.

Congressional nominations; Fourth Indiana District, T. G. Lucas, Democrat; Twenty-third New York, J. I. Spriggs, Democrat; Twenty-second New York, A. X. Parker, Republican; Twelfth Massachusetts, F. D. Ely, Republican; Fourth Connecticut, F. W. Niles; Republican; Twenty-sixth Pennsylvania.W. B. Roberts, Republican: Tenth Pennsylvania, W. H. Snowden. Democrat; Twenty-second New' York, A. Corbin, Jr.. Democrat; First Connecticut, R. J. Vance, Democrat; Sixth Massachusetts, H. B. Lovering, Democrat; Fifth South Carolina, John J. Hemphill, Democrat; Seventh Massachusetts, Walter Spalding, Prohibitionist; Second Nebraska, Thomas McKeighaa, Democrat; Eighth Missouri, D. Wyman,Labor; Ninth Missouri, G. W. DaVidson, Labor; Tenth Missouri, Michael Ilatchford, Labor; Third Massachusetts, A. A, Rainey, Republican; Twen-ty-fourth New York, David Wilber, Republican; Fourth New 'Jersey, Lewis Van Blareom. Republican; Fifth Alabama, P. A. Wood, Independent; Fourth Wisconsin, Thomas H. Rrown, Republican; Tenth Ohio, Jacob Romeis, Republican; Fifth Kentucky, A: G. parruth. Democrat.

INDUSTRIAL NOTES.

A tar pool has been formed, and' tlio price of that article advanced. A commissioner lias been appointed, with power to destroy tar when the market is overstocked, a sum equal to the cost price of the surplus tar to be paid to the contractor in, whose possession it was. The determination of the Chicago packers to return to the ten-hour system was met by a strike of nearly eight thousand workmen. -A force of 150 specials was sent to the Stock Y'ards by Pinkerton to protect property. The brewers of Detroit have organized to resist all demands of the Brewers’ Union, and a general strike is expected to result.

GENERAL.

The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions -held its seventyseventh annual meeting at l>es Moines, lowa. The Prudential Committee reported that thirty-five missionaries had been added to the force during the - year; that the receipts from ail sources amounted to $500,863, and thnt the expenditures aggregated $658,285. Kev. J. L. 'Withrow, D. D., of Boston, preached the annual sermon, assailing the doctrine of future probation, asserting that the church had 100 much to do to pay attention to such speculation, aad had no time to waste on dead pagans. The address was frequently applauded by the large, audience- __ Tre triennial- oonneil of *tbe Protestant Episcopal .Church of the United States began its sessions in Chicago on the Cth instant. There were in attendance nearly sixty Bishops and four hundred clerical or lay delegates. The two houses organized by electing Bishop Williams, of Connecticut. Chairman of the House of Bishops, and the Rev. Dr. Morgan Dix, of New York, Chairman of the House of Deputies. The American Board of ‘Foreign Missions, in session at Des Moines, had an exciting debate oh the question whether probation and chance of salvation end with this life. The new departure was rejected, the report of the prudential committee being adopted by a vote of 48 to 22. The business failures occurring throughout the country during the week, as reported k) R. G. Dun & Co., mini’, ered for the United States 167, and for Canada 23, or a to’.al of 190. which is about up to the ayerage of the last six Or seven weeks. The failures in New York and the East were light, the bulk of the week s casualties being reported from the Southern and Western States and Canada. The League base-ball season has come to ay end, and the Chicagos have taken the pennant with a splendid finish. The percentage of the Chicagos is .726, the having won 90 games out of 124-played. The Detroits have a percentage of .707, with 87 games won out of 123 games playeYl The New Yorks stand third, with a percentage of .630, having won 75 out of 119 games played. The Phiiadelphias are fourth; with a percentage of .623. having won 71 of 114 games played. The Bostons, in the fifih place, have a percentage of .471, with 56 games won out of 117 played. The St. Louis have the sixth place, with a percentage of .352, winning 43 out Of 122 games played. The Kansas City percentage is .244, winning but 29 out of 119 games played. The Washingtons’ percentage is .229; with *27 out Of 118 games.

FOREIGN.

Another strike of miners is reported at Charleroi, in Belgium, where the fearful labor riots took place a few months ago. Ah unsuccessful attempt was made by the strikers to kill the mine manager. Increased agitation against the au- ... .A London dispatch states that a committee of the British Cabinet is preparing a bill to establish four national councils to represent the provinces of Ireland. The bill differs from Mir. Gladstone's measure chiefly in the omission of a legislative body at Dnblin. Otherwise it “fully meets the aspirations of the Home-Rulers in regard ■4O transferring to local bodies the direction

[ of Irish affairs now dealt with at WestJ minster. j _Tbk Czar of Russia is in. a state of in-, tense mental irritation; and is the subject of vagaries almost amounting to madness. ! He suffers greatly from inability lo„sleep, I and passes whole nights walking to and i fro in liis well-guarded apartments. purI ing these lcepless nights he oocnpies his restless mind in dictating to Ms secretaries 1 varying plans for the settlement of the 1 Bulgarian question and for extensive military campaigns. The imperial family and the ininisters-are alarmed at these indications of a precarious mental condition. •

ADDITIONAL NEWS.

TnE ocean steamer Anehoria arrived safely at Kt. Johns, N. F., having been overdue twelve days. Her machinery had broken down when three days out from Liverpool, and the remainder of the route was made under sail. The passengers were, well. Two births and two deaths occurred during the voyage; und for some time, owing to lack of provisions, the passengers and crew had been put upon San allowance of two meals a day.... An armed crew from the Canadian cruiser Terror 1 warded the American schooner Marion Grimes, -farM at- Hhchurue, N: +r:, for violation of the custom laws, und compelled the t'aptuio to haul down tbe American flag, which was Waving from the masthead. - -nominations; Fifth Massachusetts District, E. D. Hayden, Republican; Seventh Massachusetts,, James 11. French, Democrat; Kcveuth Massachusetts, Rev. Wv Spaulding. Fusion; Seventh New Jersey, Edwin J. Kerr, Democrat—a bolt from the rcuominution of Congressman McAdoo. Three trustworthy'gentlemen, who, occupied a sailboat, report that when half way between Westport and Southport, Ct., they saw a huge sea serpent, 75 to 100 feet of the body of which was exposed, while the monster carried its head five feet out of the water.

A petroleum spring, affording a good supply, has been discovered under a house in Sligo, Ireland.... The police authorities have sent to Berlin a description of the ehitf organizer of the anarchist plot to burn Vienna, who is believed to he in Germany. A search for him bas been instituted... .The decomposed bodies of John Andrews and bis wife were found in a closed house in Belfast. Some of the police teduive that the couple were murdered; others that they committed suicide, and others that they are victims of the recent riots. Nate WintrinGer, the best known steamboat captain between Pittsburgh and New Oilcans, dropped dead at Steubenville, Ohio. . . .'1 hedteCnn tdiau customs officers at Shelburne seized the American schooner Marion Grimes. The British Minister at Washington has applied at the State Department for information touching the seizure of British Columbian vessels in the North Pacific by the revenue cutter Corwwhi Chicago detectives hayo arrested “Bohby” Adams, a notorious burglar, who is said to Lave planned and been the chief executor of the Minneapolis Postoflice robbery, whereby the perpetrators realized about SII,OOO worth of stamps. I’ovvdeiTv Ilefenits the lilavk- I’aMile and Picnic. , - - ' ' Itetwern four and five thousand Kiiiglrts of, Labor paraded the streets of Richmond on Monday, llthiust.. and all public olliees and nearly all workshops, manufactories, and other business placCs-iu the city were closed in honor of tlio event. At the close of the parade speeches were made by Ralph lleauniont, Mr. Tredel, and Mr. l.itchman. "Senatorelect: Daniel, Mayor Harrington, and Gov. l.ee were to have made speeches, but they did- not appear. -Later there were games and races on the fair grounds, and tlio festivities closed at night with a banquet, nt which white and colored delegates -at together. The proposed banquet was abandoned. lii consequence of questions which have been raised by the presence of Farrell and. other colored delegates to the general assembly. Mr. Powderly has writtoif ' a l etter to - exp lain why-hr selected Delegate Farrell to introduce him. His critics, he says, have seen fit to assort that tliis action was an insult and an attack upon tlio laws of social equality. He continues: "My sole object in selecting a colored man to introduce mo was to oucourage and help to uplift his race from a bondage worse than that which held him in chains twenty-live years ago, viz: Mental slavery. I desired ter impress upon the minds of white and black that the same result followed actiou in the field of labor whether that nctiou was on the part of Caucasian or negro labor. Two years ago, in nil address delivered in this 'citv, I said to the people of Richmond: •Von stand fAce-tn fftce—iTitHharste'mnTTilig - Xeality,. a rtspnnsiUUitv whieh caiinot be avoid--ed orshlrirrd: The - negro qiresttcifi is' as promineiit to-day as it ever was. The first proposition that stares us in the face is this : The negro is free, he is here, and he is here to stay. He is a citizen and must learn to manage his own affairs His labor and that of the white man will bo thrown upon the market side by side, and no human eye can detect a difference between the article manufactured by the black mechanic and that manufactured by the w hite mechanic. Both claim an equal share of the protection afforded to American labor, and both mechanics must sink their differences or else fall a prey to the slave labor now being imported to this country,’ ”

THE MARKETS.

NEW YORK. Beeves.,... -..'54.00 & 5.50 H0g5...... .*. 4.75 (<8 5.25 Wheat—No. 1 Hard .86 @ .8615 No. 2 Red. 82 & .83 ” Corn—No! 2. 45 & .43 Oats—White 1 35 .40 Pork—New Mess 10.25 ©10.75 CHICAGO. Beeves—Choioeto Prime Steers 5.00 (<> 5.50 Good Shipping 4.;5 (fil 4.75 C0mm0n.,.......: 3.25 (gi 3.75“' Hoffs—Shipping Grades...F.T. 3.75 ,<l 4.75 Fi.our—Extra Spring 4.23 4.50 Wheat—No. 2 Red .71 & .72 Corn—No. 2 33 © .34 Oats-. No. 2 23 VO ,23fA Better—Choice creamery .25 (it, .27, * Fine Dairy ! .18 (£5 .20 Cheese—Full Cream; Cheddar...l2l4 j.'nH Cream, n0w...... ,12‘j 't .T2y| Eggs—Fresh .- .16e>@ .17 Potatoes—Early Rose, per bu .. 40 ~<3> .45 Pote-Me55....... 8.50 asS 9.00 MILWAUKEE. Wheat—Cash. 69 @ .70 Corn—No. 2 ‘ 33 .34 Oats—No. 2 22 & .23 Rye—No. 1 :2 ct .53 Pork—Mdss 5.75 y.OO TOLEDO. Wheat—No. 2 75 «i! 76 Corn—No. 2 37 ci .38 Oats—No. 2 .26 -27 DETROIT. Beef Cattle 4.00 & 5.00 Hogs 375 (<i 5.00 -Sheep- .. . ............. ... ....... 3.30 0 4.50 Wheat—Michigan Bed 74 c* .75 Corn— No. 2. . . 38 39 Oats—No 2 White, 30 c 3 .31 ST. LOUIS. Wheat—No..2. ;.... .73 & .73}£ Corn—Mixed 33 @5 .34 Oats—Mixed .25 at .2544 Pork—New.Mess 9.25 cj 975 CINCINNATI. . W heat—No. 2 Red. 75 & 76 Cornw No, 2L . ; ,37 4_ ; 3S. , . ..27 (ts .28“ Pork—Mess. g’oo #9’S Live H 005... 4.00. cS Lso—Wheat—No. I Hard 81 .81 H Corn—No. 2 . .41 & '42 Cattle 3.75 4.50 INDIANA POUTS Beep Cattle 3.50 @4.50 h °gs 4.0 a «* 4.50 >HEE p 300 @ 3.50 ft heat—No. 2 Mixed 73 @ .74 toaji—Na 2 ,34 & .35 JATS 25 @ .25 te EAST LIBERTY. -.ATTLE—Best. .1 4.75 @5 25 Fair 400 @4.75 Common 3.50 @ 4.25 loos 4.75 @5.00 RHEEP * 3.75 @ 4.50

ORGANIZED LABOR.

Annual Address of General Master Workman Powderly, of the Knights of Labor. Recent Strikes Touched Upon, and the , Blame for Deeds of Violence Located. To the member* of the General Assembly: It wo are guided by the experience of the past, and act accordingly, , wo Can place tlio order upon a footing so safe and sure that no assaults from its enemies can injure it. If we are not guided, by that experience, if we fail to read aright tho signs of the times, and wo close this General Assembly without having improved on tho past, wo will fail to properly refiresentthose who sene all here. The rapid increase in organization since the Hamilton Session of the Qenoral Assembly was most marvelous. Yn examination of the reports of the Genorul Secretary-Treasurer for the year ending July 1, 1«86, will show that In one | year 4,08 assemblies have been organized. The , new members so audd.nly brought together j could not be properly assimilated. Thousands 1 have been attracted toward tho order through i mere curiosity; others havo come for purely selfish motives; while the great bulk of our now recruits have joined us for the good that they conld do. Quite a few have entered our order for the purpose of redressing their existing wrongs, and, before waiting to learn anything concerning the duty of tho Knight to the order, have plunged into rash and ill-considered strikes. The troubles ooming from this direction began while the lost General Assembly was in session. The car-drivers of Sc. Louis were organized under promise from the Organizer that they would roceivo aid, unstinted, in case of a striko. Even before the receipt of their charter they were on strike. Their proceedings were characterized by such utter disregard lor our laws and teachings, that the paid and known agentß of their employers, the detectives, hail no difficulty in securing the passage of motions of a violent character, fit uj an established fact that mon who wore employed by detective agencies stood up on the floor of that assembly, made inflammatory speeches urging men to deeds of violence, and urged that the property of thq£ street-car companies be destroyed. It was only the good sense of the men that prevented such outrages from being perpetrated, although these agents of a nefarious spy system induced some desperate men to blow up the cars upon the streets. For these outrages the order was tn no way responsible. The St. Louis car troubles were but the beginning of the tidal wave of strikes and boycotts which swept over the country, and which strained the strength and resources of your general officers almost beyond their powers of endurance. The Southwest strike began when the time and attention of the general officers were taken up with other matters of vital importance. No notice of the contemplated action was given to us, and we knew nothing whatever concerning it or the causes leading to it until it had been in progress several days. It has been asserted that I condemned the men while they were on strike. No such statement ever escaped my lips. The only statement of mine that cpuld be made to appear in the light of a condemnation was that contained in my secret circular of the 13th of March, a copy of which is herewith submitted. I did not not approve of that strike. I could not do so, since confidence enough was not reposed in the General Executive Board to give them a chance to.examino into the.grievances which themembers of -District Assembly 1(11 complained of. It was only when the threat was made to stop every wheel in the United States and engage the whole order in the difficulty that I raised my voice in denial. I did that in defense of tho order and the country. lam quite willing to assume all the responsibilities attached to the act, and would do the same thing again under similar circumstances. That the men of the Southwest suffered .Wrpngs is true; they Were many and grievous; and it is my firm belief that the railway companies, with a full knowledge of what these grievances were, precipitated the fight themselves at a time 'when it would appear to the world that the strike was for an insignificant cause. I can do no better than lb submit the report of Brothers Litchman and McGuire. These two members were by me personally detailed to go with the Congressional Committee, and with that committee examine into the strike and its causes, so that an fcarly report might be made to the order by its own representatives. If the position which I took during the strike was wrong, then the entire order sustained me in it, for when I issued the appeal for aid to support those whom the companies refused to treat with, I was generously sustained, as a reference to the report of the General Secretary-Treasurer will show. The documents and correspondence relating to that strike are at your disposal. The eight-hour Btrike which took place May 1 was not successful except in cases where employers and employes were acting in harmonv, or where employers were willing to adopt the plan. In many cases the old system of working long hours has been revived.' The Federation of Trades recommended the Ist of May, but adopted or suggested no definite plan by which the short-hour system could ,be inaugurated. I cautioned our members against rushing into this movement. I had the right to do it, and am firm in the belief, that-had J note done so great loss would have been entailed upon vast numbers of our assemblies. What I sard'mmy'secret circular of March ITlias teeon severely criticised, and I have been accused of opposing the eight-hour movement. No statement ever was further from the truth. I opposed the strike of May 1 because I knew that neither workmen nor employers were ready for it, because the education which must always precede intelligent action had not been given to those most in need of it, because no definite, business-like plan for the inauguration of the eight-hour movement had been mapped out. In fact, no preparat ons had been made to put the plau, if it cau be ciHed a plan,.into execution. These are the reasons why I opposed the movemenVSTay 1, and for these same reasons do I stHl oppose it, - • A reduction of the hours of labor is a necessity, and sooner or later must be had ; but we must not forget that in many places the tenhour plan has not been adopted yet. It may do very well for an organization which looks after the interests of but one craft, or calling, to neglect those who stand most in need of help, but a Knight of Labor must never close his eyes to the wants of the humblest of his fellowcreatures. r> The very discussion of the sudden introduction of the eight-hour plan injured business, so much so that in many plaeos men were reduced to half-time, or thrown out of employment altogether. Millkms of dollars’ worth of work was left undone because of the uncertainty in regard to taking contracts, or in making engagements to perform work. Never was it more clearly demonstrated that “an injury to —one is the concern of air than in the movement I am speaking of. The house-builder, through uncertainty as to how many hours of labor iiis employes would work for him, made no contracts to erect buildings, and the carpenter was thrown out of employment; the man who made the windowglass, the man who made the nails—-in fact, every man or woman engaged in the manufacture of articles which go to build or furnish a house —suffered through the attempt to enforce the eight-hour system May 1. The move was in tho right direction, but' the time and circumstances were not suitable. Before the eighthour plan is adopted the Knights of Labor and the trades unions of America must lay aside their jealousies and differences, come together, name a day on which to put the plan into execution, adopt the plan of action, which must bo gradual aud such as will -not’ inflict in jury upon aither employeror workman. The plan presented by Mr. Norton, of Chicago, to the special session of the General Assembly at Cleveland is a good one in nearly every particular, and if the workingmen’s organizations and the manufacturers' associations agree upon putting into practice such a plan it can be done without jar or friction. No workingman need strike, nor need business be unsettled. Whv should it not be done? Either adopt a plan for the perfection of this idea, or else place it in the hands Of the ipcorning General Executive Hoard, with instructions to perform the duty. If we do not do either let jjs strike the twenty-first' defloration from our preamble and no longer proclaim to "the world that we are in favor of eight hours for a day’s labor. Before a short-hour system that will beof any benefit to mankind can be inaugurated the relation whucli the workman bea s to the laborsaving machine must undergo a radical change. Shorten the hours of labor under, our present svstem. and the streets will hot be emptied of their idle thousands. More machines will be erected, and more children called into service to feed them. The assertion that the advocate of short hours desires to stop production is false. It is to make production gradual, healthy, and have it keep peace with the wants of the consumer, keeping all men employed, so that idleness will disappear, and the producer remain a tonsunier to his fullest capacity, that we desire

a shortening of the hours of labor. Visit our large and small factories, and you find that the mechanic of the past it but tho feeder of the machine of the present. . We already hear of machines in course of perfection which will sgt the type and mold the cigars faster than human hands can do the work; and electricity will soon take the throttle-lever from the hand of the man who runs the locomotive. The day will'soon dawn when these agencies will be doing their work; and, when that day does come, the mechanic, now so proud of his calling, will stand face to face with the alternative of asking far charity, or tho sdoption of the calling of the street scavenger. When that day comes, the man who now seeks to array labor .against labor in asserting that tho ?3 a day man should not move in the same society circles with the man who works for $1 a day” will either sfeek to crowd the $1 a day man out of his place or accept the crumbs of charity to sustain life. Histpry will repeat itself, and the tight for existence will be waged with unrelenting fury. The machine must become the slave or the man, instead of keeping tho man in attendance on and subordinate to the machine. A plan of co-operation through which the workman may control thu machine he oporates must one day supersede the present i-ystem. To properly map out such a plan requires more time than I have had or am likely to have at my disposal. I can only co-operato with others In the work. Tho thirteenth article in our declaration of principles reads: “Tho prohibition by law of tho employment of children under fifteen years of age In workshops, mines, and factories.” The end sought for In carrying this declaration Into effect is not that tho child may live in idleness ; it is not that more adults may be employed. It is that the child of the poor man may bo enabled to acquire an education-to equip him for tho duties which will in future fall upon him as man and citizen;' We cannot afford to pass this question by and legislate on some simple question of trade discipline. The question of child-labor and education is the most finoortant that can come before us now or at any other time. With an education all things are easy of a complishmont; without it, hope itself almost dies, and liberty is a farce. In our organizations of labor—and it baa been so from tho beginning—we take up the work of reform when the'Bubj—ct is advanced in years—, the new member must l«o above 16 years before wo admit him. Wo att mpt to drive from his mind the false ideaß gathered in from the workshop, or, possibly the street-corner. His habits are formed, nnd the work that should have been begun at Roven years we take up at twenty or later in life. To attempt to settle so intricate a question as tho one we are grappling with, or to successfully solve the question, is a task so difficult that I do not wonder that men drop out of the ranks of labor organizations discouraged and hopeless. To make the necessary progress we must begin with the child and see to It that he has an education. If the principles of the Knights of Labor are right—and few men question them—we should teach them to the young. It should be a part of the duty of every assembly to ascertain the number of children who do not attend school in its vicinity, learn what the causes are, and take steps to have them attend school. The sword may strike the shackles from the limbs of the slave, but it is education and organization that make him a free man. He is still a slave whose limbs alone have been freed. Of what avail is it to say that we are laboring to establish a system of co-operation, wlten that which is most essential to the success of co-operation is lacking? A business training is necessary to successfully carry on a co-opera-tive enterprise. If the management of the large or small concerns now In operation in this country were turned over to ns to-day we would but run them into the ground, for we lack the business training necessary to successfully operate them. Our vanity may prevent us from acknowledging this to be true, but we cannot deny it. It is through no fault of ours that it is true, but if it continues it will be our fault. I ask that a special Committee on Education be appointed to prepare and recommend to this General Assembly a plan for tho better education of tho American youth. The trouble with trades unioes in which certain of our members und assemblies have been engaged w.as greatly magnified and distorted. The proceedinge of the Cleveland special session of the General Assembly and the report of the GeneralExecotive Board Fubiniltedtoyou to-day will be sufficient. I need not enter into details further than to say that there were mistakes made on both sides. Some of our organizers have been so zealous in their way of organizing that they have encroached upon the prerogatives of other associations, and on several occasions the rights of our members have been seriously interfered with by.members of trades unions. Since the special * session of the General Assembly over fifty cases of dispute between parties of our order and other societieshave been placed before me for adjustment. It was not necessary to place these cases before the General Executive Board, Afew lines in each instance was sufficient, and the trouble ended. To dig up past troubles is unnecessary, and, in consultation with prominent men of the trades unions, I was gratified to learn that they had no desire to revive the past. For the future I recommend that all matters likely to create a breach of the peace between our order and any other be at once submitted to the executives of both organizations. If a trade union complains of any action on the part of our order, let the aggrieved party submit tho matter to. tho president of his union; he to investigate, and failing to effect a remedy, to place the matter before the General Master Workman and Executive Board. If the aggrieved party is a member of an assembly of the Knights of Labor, let the same mode of procedure be gone through with, and, above all things, let a speedy and impartial investigation and an immediate settlement be made. This plan has worked well in every new case called to my attention since the Cleveland session, and it Is worth of adoption. More trouble has been caused us by men who profess to be members of the Knights of Labor than by members of trade unions. I reßpect the man who, being a member of a trade union, does everything honorable in his power to defend and perpetuate his organization; but for the Knight of Labor w-he would even attempt t* subordinate our order to any other I have nothing hut contempt. In my estimation .there is but one place for such a man, and that is on the outside of our order. If the representatives of the trade unions and of our order come together, and both are Sincere in their devotion to their respective organizations, an honest and satisfactory solution of every difficulty can be arrived at. No sacrifice of principle or regard for either organization need attend such a meeting. But the man who through fear, policy, indifference, or a desire to acquire popularity, neglects the interest of the order he represents is not honest, and should not be allowed to act in any capacity for any society of workingmen. With the session of the General Assembly only three days away, it would not be possible for me to say all that I would like to upon the questions that will come before us. My time has been entirely taken up with the detail work of the order, and I was forced to neglect this duty in order to give any time or attention to a preparation for the coming of the General Assembly. It will surprise you to learn that even at this moment, whe'n every member knows fuU well that we are assembled in general convention, Secretaries and members are addressing me at my office in the expectation of receiving an immediate reply. Letters and telegrams by the hundreds will flow in upon fee even while the General Assembly is in session. The duties which called fee away from home for the greater part of the year that has closed made it impossible to give proper attention to my correspondence. To read each letter addressed to me would occupy orery moment of the twenty-four hours, leaving no time to answer or dictate an answer to any of them. I attended to all that I could, and the others wiU never be reached. If this is neglect of duty, then lam guilty; but I have no apology to offer. I did all that I'could do—more could not be expected of me.

I have never, during the seven years that I have served as General Master Workman, made a member of this order a subject of personal or public criticism or abuse. Such treatment has hot been accorded to me. Whether tlio intention was to have me reply through the public press I do not know, but I have made it a rule never to speak in criticism, harsh or otherwise, of a man, except when standing face to face with him. And I have as studiously refrained from replying to or denying attacks or accusations against me, except in the presence of those who made them. When called upon to defend the order or its principleß. J have at- : tempted to do so. I have been accused of displaying a “lack of nerve,” of “want of backbone," and of being too “weak a man to lead a strong movement.” I have never replied to these charges, nor will I do so now. I Simply point back to a record of seven ye«(rs of service and ask this question: If, while nolding a position such as no man, living or dead, ever held before, with the full blaze of public scrutiny shining upon my every action, with public opinion a 3 re arte to condem n as to applaud, I hare displayed a 1 lack oi nerve or backbone, why is it that a million men and women of nerve, backbone, and common-sense have gathered around the standard which was placed in my hands seven years ago. by the founder of the order himself? If I have been proven a weak man, who do so many strong men support ine? I dislike to speak of these matters, but I believe that, in justice to yourselves and me. you should know of ihem. fey men who are not Knights of Labor I have been called weak because I discountenanced violence and hasty, ill advised action. I have no excuse to offer, for if this is an offense let the General Assembly itself offer an apology. My views nporftench questions were known to each General Assembly before my election as General Master Work info, and in electing me they indorsed and made themselves rtspcnsible for these sentiments.

KNIGHTS OF LABOR.

Proceedings of the Richmond Convention. The tenth annual cou vo ition. of the Knights of Labor assembled at Richmond, Va., on Mon- « day, 4ho 4th of October. Gqv. Fit/hogii Lee welcomed tho .deb-gut s to tbs city and State in j a neat speech. Frank G. Farrell, a colored <lelefute, introduced General Master Workman bwdoriy, who delivered an ad dress, remarking that the lash of, the slave-owner had been Stricken from Ills hands twenty-five years ago, but that the now slave-owner—the monopolist —is more dangerous than his prototype of antebellum days ; and that it should be the duty of the Knights of Labor to oluteh anarchy by the throat wltb.jone hand, aud strangle monopoly with tho othor. After Mr. Powderly’g address all but the delegates quitted the hall, and the regular business of the session was begun In se.-ret. Nearly a thousand delegates were In attendance at the opening. Nothing was done at the first day’s session beyond the appointment of committees. Mr. Powderlv addressed the convention again, , at the second day's session, urging the members to abstain from the use of strong driqk while In Bichmond. As Individuals, be said, ho had no right to dictate us to what they should do, bat they were not here au individuals, but as representatives of a vast constituency. The oyes of tho world were upon them while hers, and their constituency would be judged by their conduct. The t.tiue of the convention until 5 p. m. was occupied by the reading of tho long roll of over eight hundred names. The committee had reached a decision on all but eight or ten names, and these were referred to the convention itself. A warm debate on the report was had, but finally it was accepted and the delegates whose seats were in dispute word requested to leave tho convention. Th»y retired quietly. The work of assigning seats to the remaining delegates was completed at 7 :3d p. m„ when an adjournment was voted. The fight over the right of eight or ten delegates to hold seats occupied the entire attention of the convention at its third day’s s -ssion. There was a very warm debate, punctuated by bitter attacks on the "Honio” Club. The findings of the Credentials Committee were approved in one instance nnd condemned in another, but the question of tho admission of Mr. Morrison, of New York, remained undecided. The sensation of the dav was the threat of Secretary Turner to a Western delegate who had denounced the Home Club. Turner informed the young man that he had better be careful, as his owu seat in the convention was not very secure. A Richmond dispatch says : “Throughout the citv the principal topic of discussion was the admission last night;of colored Delegate Farrell to a seat in the orchestra circle In the Academy of Music, a section of the auditorium in the Bichmond theater hitherto strictly guarded from the intrusion of all persons of his race. The general feeling among Virginians here is one of bitter resentment, and they regard tho delegates from District 49 with anything but friendly feelings. It is said that a majority of the local Knights- are much provoked at the action of their visiting brothers, and it was reported that a few Knights living here declared their intention of abandoning the order and joining the Law and Order League, organized here in sworn opposition to the Knights. It was rumored to-day that the delegates of District 49 would again escort Farrell to the th ea te r > and Mrs. Powell, the proprietor, appealed for police protection, intending to compel Farrell to sit in the negroes’ gallery. The Chief of Police called on Mr. Powderly to request that he uue his influence to prevent an attempt to force admission of the colored delegate, as it would cause trouble. Mr. Powderly sent word that he was too busy to see him, but sent Mr. Hayes, of the Exeoutive Board, Instead. The latter said he thought Farrell would not try to ent r the theater, but he would give no assurance on tho subject. Tho Chief and thirty-five policemen and a thousand curious people were at the theater when it oi)enod, but the colored delegate failed to put in an appearance.’’ Very little was accomplished at the fourth day's session. It was decided to admit the del- '• egation'Troru District Assembly 126 of New York, headed by Job A Morrison, with the exception of Mr. Risden. As the Committee on Credentials desired further time for the consideration of the case of contesting delegations from St. Louis, the rules were suspended and the convention proceeded to discuss the question of giving the support of the order to the locked-out cotton workers of Augusta, Ga., the curriers and tanners of Peabody and Salem, Mass., and the journeymen plumb- - ers of New York. There are 3,000 men iu each of the first-named bodies, and about fourteen hundred in the last. It was decided to support them. An extra fores of police was on duty in the evening at both the Richmond Theater and Academy of Music as a precaution against trouble it any further attempt should ba made by the Knights of Labor to introduce colored men to seats from which they are excluded. No attempt was made, however. Nearly the whole of the fifth day’s session was occupied in discussing the report of the Committee on Credentials concerning the St. Louis contesting delegations. The question at issue was whether the delegates elected at a meeting held'atT o'clock in the evening'or at a subsequent meeting an hour later were the regularly elected delegates and entitled to seats in the convention. The report presented to the convention aud accepted by it was in favor of the delegates elected at the 8 o'clock meeting. Mr. Powderly’s address was finally read, aud the report of the committee appointed to investigate the case of the Home club of New Y’ork was made and adopted. A nuniber of committees were appointed. A resolution waa adopted authorizing tho appointment of a special committee of five to prepare and send a telegram to some proper person in Providence, K. 1., with regard to the limitations of the right of suffrage in that State. The committee drafted and sent the following communication: “To Charlefi_E_Gorman. Chairman of the Equal Rights Democratic Association. Iteovtdenee, R. I.: The order of the Knights of Labor, in general assembly convened at Richmond, Va., indorse your efforts In behalf of the elimination of unjust discrimination from the constitution of your State, and pledges’its moral support to you until success is achieved.” The committee was also directed to send a similar telegram to the District of Columbia in view of the disfranchised condition of its inhabitants. At the sixth day’s session it was ordered that a telegram he sent to the Postoffice Department at Washington, protesting against the letting of . contracts for erecting public buildings at Baltimore to persons employing convict labor. This was done, Mr. Powderly said, because it was understood that a firm employingsuch labor intended to bid. The roll was culled for presentation of resplutious, etc., and fifty or sixty were received. All were referred to the committee on distribution, which will distribute them to the committees. Tho same action was taken in reference to all reports submitted and reportß of the Secretary and Treasurer. All these reports were presented in printed form. The roll of districts wab then called, after which the roll of the local assemblies was called, and each presented such resolutions as it desired today before the General Assembly. They were referrej to the committee on distribution for submission to appropriate conim ttees. Printed copies of the reports of the' Executive Board, the General Secretary, the TrJasui-er, and other officers werejgiven to each delegate, Ast inding committee of thirteen on finance was appointed, as Well Us the following special committees : Chinese and foreign contract labor, emigration, legislation, relief schemes, and the Pennsylvania and Baltimore and Ohio Railroad corjx>rations.

Burdette’s Fun.

“What is that big iron thing full of holes?” asked Laura. “Locomotive boiler,” said Tom. Laura looked thoughtful. After a moment’s silence she asked: “Why do they boil locomotives?” Tom looked amazed: "To make ’em tender,” he said slowly. “Ah, Longjaw, up to your eyes in work, eh? What are you doing? Remodeling your lecture for next season ?” “Bless you, no; I’ve no time to do anythmg with the lecture. I’m just remodeling the press notices.* “Law Without Lawyers” is the title of a new book. That’s nothing strange. Lemonade without lemons has been an old thing ever since picnics were invented. Vesuvius furnishes an example of a volcano whose activity Aas been increasing instead of diminishing during the last 12,000 years. At the beginning of the Christian era the mountain’s “Brie's seemed to 'have been Tong burned ' out forever, and the eruption which buried Pompeii, and Herculaneum in the year of 79 was the first known. The next outbreak wan not until 1036, and thereafter several came at intervals of a century or more, but since 1731 the eruptions have been very numerous.