Rensselaer Republican, Volume 17, Number 11, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 20 November 1884 — Page 3

BATTLE OF THE BALLOTS

The Contest for the Presidency Settled in Favor of the Democracy. 3 J The Official Count in New York State Shows that Cleveland Is Elected. G»7. Cleveland’s Attitude Toward CivilService Reform—Mr. Blaine Interviewed. THE VOTE OF NEW YORK. Cleveland’s Plurality About 1,100. The official count of the election returns in the State of New York was practically completed on Saturday, Nov. 15. All the Assembly districts in the city of New York were canvassed, and very little change was made from the results first reported. The losses and gains balanced each other to a great extent, and Cleveland’s plurality in the State was shown to be a little over l,iuo. This decides the great Presidential contest of 1881. Grover Cleveland, having received electoral votes, as against 182 for James G. Blaine, will be the next President of the United states. The following table shows the official vote of New York State by counties; as returned by the canvassing boards:

* to o to ) cc 5* 5* * Counties. 1 2* 2 ga. ; p Albany 17.6981 18,545 983 312 Allegany 6,668: 3,886 736 1,18*4 Broome 7,182 5,780 144 458 Cattaraugus .> 7,463] 6,065 372 930 Cayuga 9,206: 6,041 421 591 Chautauqua 10,670 l 5,861 431 '540 Chemung 5,198 4,719 613 185 Chenango... 5,462 : 4,410 334 506 C1int0n.............. 5,9731 5,151 35 Columbia 6,424: 5,854 36< 168 Cortland 4,0421 2,774 1121 375 Delaware..... 5.934: 4,956 1121 437 Dutchess... 9,701 ' 8,677 98' 498 Erie;......."......... 26,249124,759 260’ 725 Essex.' 4,5511 2,776 61 65 Franklin 4,638 2,948 67 70 Fulton 4,6171 3,524 38] 227 Gene5ee............. 4,631 3,643 41] 386 Greene. w ... 4,167] 4,152|... HamiltofT 521! 567 3 21 Herkimer 6,138;- 5,328 561 327 Jefferson... 9,0291 7,075 33 636 Kings.... 53,512 69,288 2,442 £,426 Lewis 3,85 fl 3,778 14 114 Livingston 5,191’ 4,039 118 375 Madison..- „1,... 6,608] 4,864 86 529 Monroe...;. ”183®’ 13,249 603 1,209 Montgomery 5,505 5.413 48 134 New York 9(7,093 133]157 3,422 1,291 Niagara. 5,875 6,193 69 500 Oneida ' 13,790 13,820 189 894 Onondaga 16,892 13,165 99 601 Ontario *6.382] 5,643 127 233 Orange. 9,968, 9,841 175 647 Orleans... 3,997 *2,908 68 669 Oswfiga. .1 9,976 7,434 265 560 Otsego.... 6,871 7,307 84 432 Putnam 2,103 1,526 4 89 Queens 8,445 10,367 270 201 Renssslaer 13,759 13,414 686 416 Richmond 3,164 5,135 75 90 Rccklantl... 2,593 3,697 28 123 St. Lawrence 13,441 6,035 20 311 Saratoga 8,190 5,846 92 425 Schenectady 3,260 2,977 41 100 Schoharie 3,472 5,339 37 173 Schuyler 2,616 2,039 111 154 Seneca.. 3.309 3,627 59 119 ■ Steuben 10,047 9,060 587 904 Suffolk 5,876 6,429 53 457 Sullivan 3,332 3,607 232 183 Tioga... 4,367 3,379 204] 401 Tompkins...,. 4,420 3,992 267 373 I’lsler. ■■■■■■■■ —9,-929 9.8701—157 429 Warr n........ 3,577 2,793 179 123 ■Washington. 7,337 4,222 115 255 M’ayne...... 6,81:1! 4,730 4681 433 Westchester 11,286! 12,524 255 437 Wyoming..... 4,441] 3,189 53 483 Yates.v...... 3,191| 1,918 430 200 Totals. 561,999'563,105 16,902 25,171 Plurality for Cleveland...1,106

THE ELECTOKAL VOTE. Cleveland, 210—Blaine, 182. The following table shows, the electoral vote by States in 1880 and 1884. ii h 2 « • «S STATES. o O o 45 5« 3 ® ©Mao — . . ; Alabama 1... 10 ... 10 Arkansas..... '6: ... 7 California.. 1 5i 8... Colorado ... 3 ... 3 ... Connecticut 6...1 ... 6 Delaware 3 ... 3 —Merida ‘ ......... 4;|... 4 Georgia 11 ... 12 Illinois 21 „. r 22 ... 1ndiana............. ........ 15 15 lowa « 11... is... Kansas ~T , . 5... 9... Kentucky ...... 12 ... 13 Louisiana ......1... al ... 8 Maine 7 ...! G ... Maryland .8 8 Massachusetts J 3 . .ft ii ... Michigan 11... 13... Minnesota 5 ... 7 ... Mississippi 8 ..; <j Missouri.. .: .- ~j is... 16 Nebraska; 3... 5... Nevada *. ... 3 3 ... New Hampshire 5... 4.’’! New Jersey 9 ... 9 New York 35... ./ 36 North Carolina 10 ... 11 0hi0.............. |22 ... 23 ,Oregon. 3 ... 3 Pennsylvania 29...! 30... Rhode Island..* 4 ... 4 Myth Car01ina................... ... 7 ... "9 Tennessee 12 ” 12 Texa5....... 8 13 v ermont 5 ... 4 ... Virginia , 11 ... ’pj "West Virginia 5I .' 6 ■Wisconsin 10...! ii... T 0 tai 214 155' 182 219 Cleveland’s majority, 37.

THE POPt’LAR VOTE. Cleveland Seems to Have a Plurality of About 100,000. Wo present below a table of the popular pluralities for President in the various States, in lH.so and 1884. In many of the States the exact pluralities for this year are given, while in others close estimates are made on partial returns. Complete returns will not vary greatly from these figures: 3 J ’“J f. B M 313 « I 3 w Io Alabama. 1 34.5Q9:1 40,000 Arkansas, mwrt 48,8281! 21,416 California.!j 78 ; 13 000 Colorado-,' 2,803! 4,000 Connecticut 2,656 ..II 1,322 Delaware. ... .j 1,033 4,276 Florida| 4,310 | 4,160 Georgia! .r... J 49,874 I 42,000 Illinois ■ 40,716! 25,109 Indiana 6,636’ I 7,340 10wa.,/...f 78,0591 18,7421 Kansas..'....! 61,731! 63,346 Kentucky. 43,449 J 50,000 Louisiana 27,316 17,872 Mainek.-1 8,868 20,260 j Maryland 15,191 10,886 Massachusetts 53,245 24,275! Michigan 53,890;1 s.oOo; Minnesota 40,688 1 35,000 Mississippil 40,896'1 35,683 Missouriss,o42 32,000 Nebraska..... 26,456.. 16,500: Nevada..,..;B79' 1,380;. New Hampshire .... 4,'J58 4,010’ New Jersey....; 2,010 4,405 New York 21,033 1,106 North Carolina I 8,326 25,500 Ohio. 34,277 31.802 0reg0n;..... 671! 2,000'.. Pennsylvania 80,520 Rhode Island. 7,416! 6,000 South Carolina i 54,241 52,000 Tennessee..l,.2o,sl4' 16,000 Texas.l 98,383 107,000 VerißOUt 26,999 22,100....... Virginia.. 43,956 8,000 West Virginia 11,1481 4.000 . Wisconsin 29,763 12,000'. • Total. 537,001 529,983 385,044 484,966 Pluralities 7,013:.....,.1 99,926

THE WINNER. An Interview with Gov. Cleveland—Hi* —ttitude Toward Civil-Service Reform. Edmund Hudson editor of the Washington Capital, has had an interview at Albany with Gov. Cleveland. Xn reference to civil-service reform Mr. Hudson says: “I remarked to the Governor that his election had been followed by something like a panic among the minor employes of the Government at Washington, who are supposed to hotd their places in accordance with the new civil-service regulations, and inquired of him whether it might not be worth while for him to indicate in some way if that were his purpose; that the .spirit of the civil-service would he adhered to after the 4th of March. To this the Governor briskly replied: "’I think I have said enough on that subject. It is in my letter. It is in the platform. There is no use trying to beat brains into people’s heads. Let them attend to their business—let them attend to their business.’ " He repeated the words in a very decided mantier aud w ith a gesture of the head that indicated more than the tone in which he spoke.” Mr. Hudson’s impressions of the Presidentelect are thus given: “In conversation the Governor speaks with a good deal of animation, and the strongest impression one gets from him is of great firmness and force in adhering to a course once it is adopted. One would say, ‘ Here is a man surely Who can not be driven, but who wid do the driving himself whehever it be necessary.’ One might aSk a good deal of such a man, but to demand 1 should thipk would be a losing business. “It is a pleasure to write these words, knowing that they will reach the eve of many who have been saying and believing that Grover Cleveland is a weak man, and that he won't know how to withstand the pressure that inevitably bears upon the freshly cfioseH’occupant of the White House. There is strength and decision in his utterances which would seem to say that if any man wanted to have a row with Cleveland, he could be accommodated immediately, and would not be asked to postpone the ceremonies until another day. His manner Is that of a business man who conducts large affairs without pretension, without circumlocution, without unnecessury talk or labor, but with care and judgment.”... . A Washington special to the Chicago Times says: "A Southern member of the Democratic National Committee says that in the course of a conversation Gov. Cleveland said to him: ‘lt there is any one matter to which I have given my fullest attention, it is to reform and efficiency in the civil service. When I came to Albany as Governor, I found nearly all the departments full of clerks whoso political predilections were Republican. The State officials who came into office with me called upon me shortly after my accession, and asked what were my views in relation to removals from public service for political reasons. One gentleman, whose department is perhaps the ifiost important at the office, said: ‘My elfice is full of extreme Republicans, appointed by Gov. Cornell. Now, what am Ito do?’ I replied,’’ said Gov. Cleveland: “ ‘You are responsible to the people for the good administration of your office. Your confidential subordinates should be selected with great care, and those you doubtless will appoint from your personal friends. There can be no objection to your making inquiry respecting the qualifications, zeal, and ability of your official force. If a clerk is faithful and competent he dtiould be retained, no matter what his political predilections may be. During my term I have discharged no employe from the Executive Department tor political reasons, and many of Gov. Cornell’s personal following are still in the service of the State. If lam elected President," said Gov. Cleveland, with emphasis, "the clerks in the great departments at Washington who are fit for,,their positions will remain in office.. Ability and zeal in the service will be the measure of usefulness. The rules of the civil service commission will govern all minor appointments.”

An Albany special to the Chicago Times says: The fact that Cleveland had been elected has been so thoroughly established in men’s minds here lor the last three days that when the final announcement came it caused little excitement. At the State-House Gov. Cleveland has been attending to his business as usual, to ad appearances the least interested of all around him in the result, but Col. I.amnfit, his Secretary’, has been constantly in receipt of telegrams announeiug the progress of th : canvass. These results he would froni time to time announce to Gov. Cleveland, who would simply nod his head in silence and go on with hifr routine work. While all around him were anxious a id excited, he showed no sign -of interest in anything save his duties as Governor of New York. The Executive Chamber in the new Capitol at Albany is a most commodious and extremely handsome room. It is richly furnished, decorated with life-size pictures of historic citizens of New York, and is one of the sights of Albany were it not that it is Gov. Cleveland’s office. But now that it is daily occupied by the President-elect of the United States, the first Executive elected by the Democrats in twenty-four years, it is doubly an object of interest. At a large desk at the northern end of the room sits Gov. Cleveland. His office hours are from 10 a. m. to 4p. m., and so far during all the excitement of the campaign he has hardly missed a minute from his desk. He is a man about five feet eleven inches in height, weighing 250 pounds, compact and muscular in build, and, to all appearances, both mentally and physically* strong. The pictures of him shown during the campaign are, in the main, crrrect likenesses, but they fail to show the expression of his eyes, which are clear, bright, and fearless. He is always dressed in a black Prince Albert coat and black pantaloons, and his sole neck gear is a black silk ribbon. In manner he is extremely easy and cordial, in no way arrogant or conceited, has not the slightest trace of- what is vulgarly known as the "bighead.” and his every appearance is that of a successful business - man art the head of a large establishment who has much to do, but Is yet calm and self-reliant, under the consciousness of being thoroughly competent to perform his work quietly and well, He has none of the pretenses of a vain man, none of the hesitancy of a weak or blundering one. He is entirely free from self-assumptions of any kind, and his manners are those once deseribed as being “the best because you noticed no manners at all.” Day in and day out his office is crowded. The door swings wide open, and all who please can enter. There is no guard at the entrance, no flunkeys around. The Governor is always democratic, and as easy of access as a hungry lawyer anxiously waiting for a fee; In and out the crowds come and go. Some of the visitors are his friends come to see him, most of them strangers anxious to look upon the next President. To all of liis acquaintances he his a greeting and a hand-shaking, and pleasant words for any stranger who wishes to speak to him. No introduction is thought necessary, and the different stations in life of his visitors seem to make no difference in the kind of greeting given them by the Governor. A large part of the visitors are women, and they wander around the room, look at * the pictures, admire the furniture and fittings, and constantly glance curiously at the quiet man working so industriously at his desk.

THE LOSER Mr, Blaine Discusses and Explains the Causes of His Defeat. The Boston Journal’s special correspondent at Augusta, Me., has had a long conversation with James G. Blaine. The defeated candidate, who, by the way, appeared in the best of health, said that, whatever might be the final result of the count in New York, he had had from, the first no other desire tnan that a fair count should be made. So far as he was personallyconcerned, he would be content with either victory or defeat. Success would not elate him and defeat would not depress him. He was engaged in congenial and profitable work, which had been interrupted by the campaign. and the deep regret that he would feel at a Democratic triumph would Ire altogether for his party and his country, not for himself. "I lived too near the Presidency in 1881,” Mr. Blaine added, after a long pause, ”and have too keen a sense of its burdens, its embarrassments, and its perils, to be. unduly. anxious for the office." When asked how he accounted for the closeness of the result in New York, Mr. Blaine said: "Well, considering the loss by the bolt of the Independent Republicans and the far greater loss from the action of the Republican Prohibitionists, the wonder is at first sight that the Democrats did not carry the State by as large a majority as they confidently expected they would. This result was prevented by the great accessions*to the Republican ranks of Irish and Irieh-American voters and workingmtn of all classes who su-tained me because of iny advocacy of a protective tariff. They believe/and, believe wisely, that free trade would reduce their wages." t . “You really think, then, that you got a considerable Irish vote in New York?" “< h, I had thousands upon thousands," replied Mr. Blaine, "and should have had many more but lor the intolerant and utterly improper remark of Dr. Burchard, which was quoted everywhere to my prejudice, and in many places attributed to myself, though it was in the highest degree distateful and offensive to me. But a lie, you know, travels very fast, and there was not time before election to overtake and correct that one, and so I suffered for it" Mr. Blaine was then-asked if he thought the' Irish-American vote was organized at all, or had competent leaoers. 1 “Yes," he said, "I was deeply impressed by the ability, the earnestness, and sincerity of those whom I met. There, tor instance, is Patrick Ford, of the Irisit World. He is a man of the most unselfish devotion to any cause he espouses, possessing a great faculty

for organization, with marked ability and untiring energy. Gen. Kirwin, of the Tablet, has tn a large degree the same characteristics, and is a far-sighted and ab e man, with a tine record as a Union soldier. Others were very powerful on the stump and did royal service. These men, with others whom I did not personally meet, have made a break in the Irish Democratic vote —one that I believe will widen and increase In ttie future as the full significance of the attitude of the Democratic party on the tariff question becomes understood and appreciated. Our Irish and Irish-American citizens will in time get tired of wting in accordance with the wishes of the English freetraders.” I said to Mr. Blaine that the Irish tn Boston thought he unde stood the character of their people better than any other Republican leader. Mr. Blaine replied that it would be egotistic lor him to assume that, but said that perhaps there was a strong leaning of the Irish clement toward him, because of the fact that on his mother's side he was of Irish descent. In Pennsylvania, his native State, he had received an enormous vote, some counties hitherto strongly Democratic having been Completely reversed in their popular majorities by the change of the Irish in his favor. This, however, was, of course, due in part to the fact that he stood so distinctively as the representative of protection to American industries, au idea which prevails with more force in Pennsylvania than in any other State. "But," said,l “did you not lose correspondingly in the German vote?" "Not at all,” replied Mr. Blaine. "All tnrough, the West the Germans supported me nobly. How else could 1 have carried Chicago by 9,000. Cincinnati by 5,000, and Cleveland by 5,000? Ohio, Wisconsin, Jllinois, aud lowa have the largest German population in the We t. and I carried them bv splendid majorities. Such ABLE AND INFLUENTIAL EDITORS as Markfreit in Cincinnati. Kauffman in Cleveland, Pretorius in St. Louis, and many others, brought great strength to the Republican cause. There was immense effort made to prejudice the Germans against me, but it failed. They are a wonderfully cool-headed people, inflexibly honest in their conclusions, and just in their judgments, and I have abundant reason to thank them for their liberal support. I shall not forget it. At different points in the West I found German and Irish clubs cordially uniting in public demonstrations.” The correspondent then brought the conversation back to New York, asking Mr. Blaine if bethought the Prohibitionists were honest in their support of St. John. “I have never during the campaign," replied Mr. Blaine, “reflected upon the motives of any man, and I shall not do so. I content myself with saying that I think the Prohibitionists were misled, and that they did not correctly measure the possible result of their course. I received from many of them the assurance that my candidacy made their action difficult because they really wanted to vote for me, but they seemed to be under the strange delusion that the temperance cause could best be promoted by supporting their own Presidential ticket, and by their course they influenced prejudicially the national issues which were really at stake." _You attribute the close vote in New York, then, solely to the action of the Independents and Prohibitionists?" “No, not solely,-” replied Mr. .Blaine. “According to numerous advices I have received from Central and Western New York, it would seem that the rainy day lessened the Republican vote. The Democratic majorities lie in the cities, where, by a few minutes’ walk on a good pavement, a man reaches his polling-place. The Republican majorities are in the country, where large numbers live three, four, or even five miles from the polling-place, which on election day had to be reached over muddy roads and in a rain-storm. Had the day been fair, the Republican majorities in the rural counties could have been increased, one good judge writes me, probably by 10,000, but all agree by 3,000 to 5,000. The actual difference between the two parties in the final count will probably not exceed a thousand — about one-twelfth of 1 per cent, of the total vote, or one voter in every twelve hundred for the entire State. So, if the Democrats have really carried New York by this small margin, as the latest news indicates, you can sec how easily a fair day might have reversed the result. But great political battles, like military battles, are often lost or won by an apparently trivial incident or accident which no human foresight can guard against." A special from Augusta says: “Mr. Blaine re-. gards the official count in New York as practically settling the Presidential question. Mr. Blaine, it is stated on authority, receiving this afternoon a telegram from New York announcing the completion of the official canvass in that oity, and informing-him that the plurality for Cleveland in that State would be 1,137. The same authority states that Blaine accepts the result very cheerfully. and has no regrets giowing opt of his connection with the campaign. He feels that he made a good fight and gracefully>bows to the verdict of the American people. He believes the Republican party will prove true to its grand past and will increase in strength with coming years. He expects that in 1888 it will again be called back into power. Mr. Blaine leaves for Washington the middle of next week, where he and his family will spend the winter. He has leased the Sargent house in Farragut Square. hud will shortly resume his work on the second volume of ‘Twenty Years in Congress.’ The volume will be ready by June next for publication."

CABINET-MAKING. Much Gossip, bnt Little News. Cabinet-making for the President-elect goes on at a lively rate. Senator Garland of Arkansas is the latest aspirant for the Attorney Generalship. Lamar’s home organ announces that the Mississippi statesman neither expects nor wants anything. In the meantime Cleveland is attending to his Executive duties as usual, and maintaining his characteristic silence. It is understood that he will resign the Governorship about Jan. 1, when he will be succeeded by the present Lieutenant Governor, David B. Hill, also a Democrat. A Washington telegram says: It is understood that the friends of Senator A. H. Garland will push him for Attorney General in Cleveland’s Cabinet, his selection to the position to represent the South in the incoming Democratic administration. Garland is a moderate Democrat of marked ability, and has won distinction in the Senate chamber. The matter is the chief topic of conversation here, and has created a considerable flutter in political circles. It also has a double significance, as his retirement from the Senate would require the next Legislature to select two United States Senators instead of one. Another Washington telegram: In regard to the formation of Cleveland’s Cabinet there is, of course, much gossip, but no news. All is conjecture, and no one knows except Cleveland, and he won’t tell. Indeed it is ridiculous to think that he has yet made up his mind. It is known, of course, that the South wants the postoffice and the Attorney General’s office, and that much is generally conceded it as a moderate demand. The Treasury Department will go to. New York State, and the remaining positions be distributed around. McDonald. Bayard, Thurman, and McClellan are all talked of, and are prominent candidates. If the Postoffice goes to the South, Regan, of Texas, may get it, unless the fact that he was in Jeff Davis’ Cabinet raises top great a howl among the bloodyshift ’waversf* As stated above, the matter is as yet entirely one of speculation and guesswork, and will remain so for some time.

THE SPOILS. What a Republican Correspondent Says of Cleveland’s Policy. A Washington correspondent of the Chicago Inter Ocean, stalwart Republican, teb grappa as follows: Many of those Democrats who have been hungering and thirsting for the Federal flesh-pots for so many years have already in a figurative sense taken up the line of march for the national capital. It will save the overanxious ones considerable labor and worriment to be informed that Governor Cleveland has positively instructed his secretaries at Albany to destroy, without showing to him, all letters applying for office. The score or more of applicants for Cabinet positions will please take notice." The following reply to an inquiry sent to George William Curtis by a Government employe at. Washington has been made public: West New Brighton. New York. Nov. 14. DeabSib: I have your letter of the 12th. There is no doubt that Mr. Cleveland, will encounter a tremendous demand for a clean sweep, but I think that, while changes will be. and ought to be, made for perfectly legitimate reasons. he will respect the letter and spirit of the reform law, and that non-political officers who have been honest' and effective in discharge of their dutv, and who have not misused their positions for party or political ends, will not be arbitrarily dismissed for political reasons. I have no authority to speak for Mr. Cleveland. My faiih is founded upon the sole knowledge of his character and convictions. Truly yours, Geobge William Gvbtis. -- % PRESS COMMENTS. Southern Newspaper Opinion. By the election of Cleveland "we are put upon our good behavior,” says the Appeal, of Memphis. "We must demonstrate our loyalty to the Government and prove that we are not fools whoattempt to turn back the course of time and events, or to change the unalterable past.” "The generati. n that has grown up since the war knows little about the slavery quarrel,” says the Virginian (Lynchburg), "and, casting all those bitter memories behind them, will go forward in the paths of union and fraternity toward

the achievement of national greatness, Irrespective of stctlonal or State lines.” “Cleveland’s election will dissolve the colPl South, in all probability," £*ys the Dispatch. (Richmond). Litt the pressure from without, and Southern electors must divide on economic questions.” “The negroes will soon learn,” says the Herald (Vicksburg), “that their freedom and their rights as citizens rest on something more than i the result of a Presidential election. Nothing but the defeat of the ‘Repnh loan’ dynasty would ever have convinced them of ths." “It belittles the election of Gov. Cleveland." says the hoiyier (pharleston), "to regard it as a Democratic part y victory. Without the votes ] of Independents he could not have been elected. Their votes were cast for him because he had proved himself to. be a faithful public servant. and one who would treat a public office as a public trust.” "The people of the South," says the Re'jis'tr (Mobile', “have every reason to rejoice over the election of Cleveland and Hendricks. Bnt they do nqt rejoice as Southerners, but as Americans; not as citizens of Virginia, Georgia, <sr Alabama, but as citizens of the United States. The election *of Cleveland intensities the national feeling at the South; it has done more than anything else has done since the war to make its feel that we are indeed part of a common country. AU talk about the South capturing the capital is sheer nonsense. It has assisted the capital from the hands of the Republ.can party, but it is not indifferent to the tact that the hard fighting has been' done by the Democrats and Independent Republicans of the North. The South, of course, will share tri the fruits of victory, but it will make no exorbitant demands, it will not impede thjl work of reform by a clamor for spoil.-. If'it does we shall be much dlsappo.nted.”

The Northern Press. There is not going to be a political reaction in the direction of Bourbonic theories, policies, and practices. It is gratifying to observe that the organs of opinion in the most Bourbonic part of the country are now generally inclined to accept unalterable facts, stop trying to make history, and quit combating the inevitable.—C7u.c<q/o Times (Ind. Dem,). No colored man need fear that his race is to be permanently injured by the success of any political party of this time. He is free and his labor is needed to develop the resources of the South. The white people will find it vastly to their own advantage to treat him with justice and fairness. This very selfish reason, if no other, will be sufficient to prevent any gross injustice being done him for any length of time.—Philadelphia Times (hid.). If the Democratic President and Congress give the country a fairly good administration the Republican people will receive their share of the general benefits. It It prove a bad administration the Democratswill have to suffer their portion of the evils and will b: turned out ofpower neck and heels in 1888. We are all in the same ship, and no patriotic citizen will ever be willing that any lasting harm shall come to the country, whichever party may lie in power.— Ch'i aoo Tribune (Jtep.i. The victors may well determine to enjoy their triumph modestly and with a firm determination that it shall insure to the happiness ot' the nation and the regeneration of the Republic rather than to the advantage of a political party. We heartily congratulate the Democrats on their success. Now that the official result is known, any attempt to further unsettle the business ot the county will be a crime.—. Yew York World (Dem). The contest is over, and Cleveland is elected President. The result may be attributed to various causes. The treachery of Republicans sufficient in numbers to turn the scale in New York, the surrender of the Prohibitionists to the rum-leaders, the Delinonico banquet and the impression it conveyed, and the injudicious and unjustifiable utterance of a feeble maneach of these causes singly was enough to affect the verdict which has been passed. The most senseless and illogical opposition, and probably the most fatal, was the vote of the Prohibitionists. They have no excu e to offer for their action. They knew the effect of their vote before casting it. It could by no possibility do aught but harm to the Republican party. The cause of prohibition is lost, and the temperance cause is injured' materially. The honest men of the Prohibition party have to thank the fanatics for the wrong they have brought upon them.—Aosloft Journal (Kep.).

CLEVELAND’S FIANCEE. She Is a Great Favorite In Soeletj-. Niagara Falls special to the Chicago Inter Ocean?: The society gossips of this place are at present much excited over the rumor that a young lady well known here. Miss Folsom, of Buffalo, is engaged to the coming •President, Grover Cleveland, who was* her father’s former partner in business. The young lady is quite a favorite in Buffalo social circles, and is said to be a most agreeable as well as a very intelligent and well-informed person. Rumor also has it that the wedding will occur before Mr. Cleveland is inaugurated, his success in the recent political contest hastening that auspicious event.

How to Treat Books.

Very few people treat books well; indeed, there is no variety of portable property that is so persistently abused as books. A great many owners of books have a habit of writing their name on a certain page—the twenty-fifth, for instance —or on the title-page, in a bold, plain hand, with ink. This is not a way to be esteemed, even if the book were never to change its owner. But all books, first or last, do change then; owners, and pass into new hands. If a book is so marked, unless the autograph is a noted one like “Ralph Waldo Emerson,” or “Charles Dickens the damage the writing of the name confers is decided and positive. If it is necessary to signify the ownership of a book, let it be done by a printed book-plate pasted on the cover modestly, or by a simple pencil mark, which will last sufficiently long for all practicable purposes. If people vfould only remember that books are property, and are frail, and need the most judicious treatment, they would greatly subserve their own interests, where they own a book, and promote personal regard for themselves, and the advancement of civilization where they borrow one. But books are handled sometimes with as little care as a mason uses when he handles bricks. They are twisted and turned backward; the leaves are thrust through the fingers and played with as if they were toys. We have seen them used to set under a window and hold it''open, and laid carelessly on the floor and left to be stumbled over by the not very guilty pedestrian, who may very well plead that they should not have been placed where his feet could have reached them. There are still some who turn down a leaf and crease the page to show where they left off reading, or to mark some memorable passages. This is, of course, a vile barbarism, and leaves an indelible blemish. It is utterly inexcusable, too, from the fact that it is entirely unnecessary. A book mark, which may be a simple piece of paper, is all that is needed for preserving the place, and a pencil mark, lightly made here and there, and which can be easily removed, will enable the reader to turn to all passages to which he may need to go back for reference. It is almost as needful to know how to treat a book as it is to know how to treat a'person; and it would not be amiss if in our schools, where books first begin to be used, children should be taught the precise care to be given them. The things unpardonable to which they are subject are numerous, and, with proper rules, early ipstilled, a new generation might be trained to treat a book as—supposing the places to be changed—you would have a book treat you. For those who have already been ill trained, or who do not have a proper'instinct in the matter, there is probably no help, and nothing can be done—except simply to see to it, as far as possible, that your books are kept out of their hands.

INTERNAL TAXATION.

Annual Report of the Commissioner of Internal, Revenue. The annual report of the Hon. Walter Evans, Commissioner of Internal Revenue, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1884, has been submitted' to the Secretary of the Treasury. The total receipts from all sources of internal revenue taxation fortfee year were as compared! to $144,553,344 for the year 1883, $146,523,273 for the year 1882, and $135,229,912 for the year 1881. It is estimated that $115,000,1)00 will be collected during the present fiscal ' year. The Commissioner says a falling off is anticipated in the present year ■ that will follow from the diminished quantity of bourbon and rye whisjeies pro- i duced in 1882, on which the tax will mature I during the current fiscal year. Another I cause contributing to the reduction of re-. I ceipts will be the largely increased exporta- I tion of spirits in bond, on which, for various reasons, the owners cannot pay the tax. Something like 10.000,000 gallons have already been forced abroad during the current calendar year, A comparative statement of the receipts for the fiscal years 1883 and 1884 shows a i decrease of $16,041,850 from tobacco, an I increase of $2,536,610 from spirits, an increase of $31,184,338 from fermented liquors, and a decrease of $10,642,404 from the taxes under 7 the re - pealed laws and penalties, making a total decrease of $22,063,3,0.5. The total expenses were a little less (han 4 1-5 per cent, of the amount collected. The Commissioner says the diminution of the .gross receipts could not proportionately affect the cost of collection, as nearly the same force had to be retained By comparing the receipts for the last fiscal year with those for the tiscal year immediately preceding it the decrease of revenue from tobacco was $16,041,849. "There was an increase of 41 in the number of grain distilleries registered j during the last fiscal year and a decrease of 18 in the number operated. The increase in the number registered occurs, as was the case in the preceding .fiscal; in the class of . distilleries- having smaller cajiacities fdr the pr oduction , of.] spirits. .In the class of larger distilleries a I very decided reduction occurs, both in the number registered and the number operated. A comparative statement of the spirits of different kinds known to the trade remaining in the warehouse at the close of the fiscal years 1883 and 1884 shows that while there was an increasejp the stock of alcohol, gin, highwines, and pure spirits, there was a decrease in other grades of spirits, principally in bourbon and rye whiskies, of 17,750.694 gallons. Nearly two-thirds was bourbon whisky. The quantity of spirits produced and deposited in the distillery warehouses during the sis- ■ cal year is greater than the production for the year 1883 by 1,422,431 gallons. The quantity of spirits withdrawn from distillery warehouses for the year is greater than the quantity withdrawn during the year 1883 by 2,901,387 gallons. The quantity of distilled spirits in the:_United States,” except what may be in customs bonded warehouses, on Oct. 1,1884, was 96,810,521 gallons.

THE ARMY.

Sheridan’s. Recommendations Relative to State Troops, Rifle Practice, and Seaboard Defenses. The annual report of Lieut. Gen. Sheridan has been made, covering the period from his assignment to the command of the army, Nov, 1, 1883, to Nov. 1, 1884. He says that during this time the entire territory under the supervision of troops has been unusually free from collisions, resulting in loss either of life or property, but that the services of the military in the West cannot be safely dispensed with for many years to come. With liberal allowances of ammunition and better facilities for target practice than hitherto, much thought and attention has been given to rifle-tiring. The high scores>attained in the annual contests for army prizes the past season attest most gratifyingprogress in this vitally important branch of military instruction. The establishment of a higher grade of sharpshooters has developed many marksmen of wonderful skill in the use of the rifle for distances up to a thousand yards, and it would now be impossible for a close line of battle to stand up before a skirmish line composed of our qualified marksmen. The Lieutenant General expresses great interest in the National Guard of the States, and thinks Congress should designate the number qf men each State should have, and provide for them arms and camp and garrison equipage, under some wise method of accountability for this property, whenever State governments themselves appropriate substantial sums of money for the support of their respective military systems,in such manner that these sums cannot be affected by party legislation. Excepting for our ocean commerce and for our seaboard cities he does not think we should be much alarmed about the probability of war with foreign powers, since it would require more than a million and a half of men to make a campaign on land against ns. To transport from beyond the ocean that number of soldiers, with all their munitions of war, their cavalry, artillery, and infantry, even if not molested by us while in transit, would demand a large part of the shipping of all Europe. He earnestly invites immediate attention to the defenseless condition of seaboard cities, and urgently recommends the early beginning of a genial system of seacoast fortifications to be constructed in accordance with the requirements involved by the latest improvements in heavy artillery. “This nation,” he says, “isgrowing so rapidly that there are signs of other troubles which I hope will not occur, and which will probably not come upon us if both capital and labor will only be conservative. Still, it should be remembered destructive explosives are easily made, and that banks, United States sub-treasuries, public buildings and large mercantile houses can be readily demolished, andthe commerce of entire cities destroyed by an infuriated people with means carried with perfect safety to themselves in the pockets of their clothing.” Gen. Sheridan thinks Fort Riley, for all purposes of cavalry, should be made an establishment worthy of otr great country.

Indians Rescue United States Prisoners.

■ (Fort Smith (Ark.) telegram.) Deputy Marshal Mershon has just returned from Indian Territory, where he had a terrible encounter with Indians, who attacked his party and rescued thirty United States prisoners whdrn he had under arrest Two of the attacking Indians were killed and several wounded. Two of the Marshal's posse were seriously wounded. Nineteen prisoners were brought in by the Marshal and his deputies. Mr. Moodt, the evangelist, is conducting a revival at Troy, N. Y.

THE WORLD OF BUSINESS.

An Estimate of the New Cotton 1 Crop—A Great Corn Yield. Dr. Salmon’s Advice to Fanners—Roseate Views of the Business Outlook. The Cotton Crop. The November returns of cotton to th'e Department of Agriculture, at Washington, relate to the yie}d-per acre, and show th© effects of the lo'ng-continned drought in reducing Jiroduction. The lateness of killing frosts has less effect than ( usual in curtailing the yield, as the vitality of plants was too nearly exhausted to produce a top crop. The drought bad not been broken at some points on the Gulf coast at the date of returns. The indicated yield per acre is lower in nearly every- State than ip the census year, which was one of average production. The lowest yields are now, as then, in Florida, Georgia, Alabama, and Texas. The reduction this year is very marked in Louisiana and Arkansas, in the region of the most productive cotton lands. Returns by States indicate the yield per acre as follows, the figures being subject to modification by fuller returns: Virginia, 180 pounds; North Carolina, 175; South Carolina, 152; Georgia, 135; Florida, 105; Alabama, 130; Mississippi, 175; Louisiana, 190; Texas, 143; Arkansas, 200; Tennessee, 160. The indications point to a crop somewhat larger than in 1883, gathered in unusually fine condition, of good color, unstained by storms, and free irom trash and dirt. A Great Corn Crop. The November returns to the Department Agriculture, of the rate of yield of" corn indicate a product somewhat in excess of 1,800,000,000 bushels, on an average rate a Small fraction above twenty-six bushels per acre. The best yields are, as in 1883, in what has been designated the great American desert. The “arid regions’’ in the vicinity of the 100th meridian have produced heavy crops of maize of high quality. That line of longitude has ceased to be an absolute barrier to corn productton or general farming. The quality of corn is better than in 1883 nearly everywhere, and in the Northern belt it is worth 25 to 75 per cent more. The potato crop is nearly an average yield, or ninety bushels per acre, and exceeds 190,000,000 bushels. Contagious Cattle Diseases—Dr. Salmon’s Report. Dr. D. E. Salmon, Chief of ths Bureau of Animal Industry, has submitted to the Commissioner of Agriculture a voluminous report upon the contagious diseases of animals, the report being the result of experiments and investigations made by the veterinary division. Considerable space is given to the detailed history of the recent outbreak among cattle in Kansas, and to description of its symptoms. Dr. Salmon reaches the conclusion that the disease was ergotism, due to eating the fungus known as ergot/Upon the treatment and. prevention of this disorder he says: When the first signs of this disorder - appear the most important point to be attended to is to make a complete change Of food and to see that it is of good quality, nutritious, and free from ergot. It would also be proper to give a dose of physic, in order to remove as much as possible the poison still contained in the digestive organs, and to follow this with soft food. In the most severe cases—those in which part of the limb is already lifeless—treat ment will avail but little. The greater number of cases, however, have not advanced to this stage when lameness is first noticed, and these will be greatly benefited by removing the cause and placing the animal under conditions favorable for resisting poison. Another condition believed by some to have much influence on the development of ergotism is the water supply. With plenty of water always at hand it is believed larger quantities of ergot may be taken for a longer time than when the water supply is deficient

\ Don’t Get Left. To show how rapidly this county is developing in resources and wealth, as well as in the ability to consume products, a contemporary adduces the following figures: In 1873 our population was about 40,000,000; now it is 57,000,000. In 1873 we raised 281,000,OCO bushels of •wheat—the largest crop the country had produced up to that time This year the wheat crop will be over 500,000,000. In 1873 our corn crop was 932,000,900 bushels: this year it will be 2,ooo,oto.ooo—more than one-half greater than it was eleven years ago. In 1873 the oat crop amounted to 280,000,0.0 bushels; this year It will aggregate 0)0,000.000 bushels. This vast increase of production has been made in a little more than a decade, despite five or sig years of depression during that period. All our material resources have kept a pace of development commensurate with our progress in soil production. Comment is unnecessary to show that it is useless for the people of this country to think that because there has been a panic in the stock market and general decline of prices there Is to be a long halt in the race of progress. The man who now sits down, and resolves to wait a few years before he undertakes a new enterprise, will get left behind. The train will start and be out of sight while he is musing. Cheer Up and Brace Up. [From the New York Sun.] Now that the Presidential election is over, and all the rest of mankind at peace, why should not everybody return to his regular pursuits, and do what he can toward making everybody as happy as he can? We have a boundless expanse of fertile soil, an abundance of food and biothing, a great number of factories, with almost unlimited capacity for production, and the most extended system of cheap transportation in the world; and yet business is everywhere stagnant. Under the stimulation of the lowest prices known these twenty years, it is only reasonable that affairs should begin to revive, and they doubtless will, bnt the business men of the country can help it along by calmly considering the situation, and seeing how good it is after all. The Bnstness Outlook. 1 A well-informed business man from New York, in speaking of tjie prospects for business during the remainder of the year, said that the merchants of New York, who can disentangle their thoughts from the political excitement, are calculating the chances for some improvement in the mercantile business during the remainder of the year.

CLIPPINGS.

William Johnson, a youth of Granville, W. Va., eloped with his foster mother, Mrs. Cole. Electric lights will be used at the next Easter festival for lighting up St. Peter’s Church, Rome. The advertisements of furnished houses to let in a Washington paper indicate that the lowest price a desirable house can be procured for is $75 a month, and the highest. $3,733. , Chief Justice Waite has never miteed a session of his court