Rensselaer Republican, Volume 15, Number 5, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 12 October 1882 — Page 3

Rensselaer Republican. BY GEO. E. MARSHALL.

THE APPROPRIATIONS.

A Comparison Between Demo* eratic and Republican Expenses. The Charge of Republican. Extravagance Refuted. (From the Detroit Post and Tribune.! The party of Southern frauds and the “Chinese letter forgery” open the campaign of this year in their usual way. This time they have selected the appropriations made by Congress for the expenses of the Government, and by a process of deceptive and very thinly-disguised figuring they attempt to prove that the Republican Congress of the present year has been wasteful and extravagant of the public moneys as compared with the Democratic Congress of last year. That this statement has no foundation in fact, they know. And we here give the figures to prove that the charge is conceived in the same falseness and wickedness which conceived the Morey letter, and continued to publish it to injure the lamented Garfield, after its fraudulent character was fully established. The following table gives the appropriations of the Democratic Congress of 1881, made to cover the expenses of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1882, and also the appropriations of the Republican Congress made to cover the expenses of the fiscal year ending June 80. 1883. The figures are those given by Mr. John D. C. Atkins, a Democratic Congressman from Tennessee, and Chairman of the Appropriation Committee'in the last Democratic House, and we print them as he gives them, except as to one item, “Miscellaneous accounts for 1883,” which he places at $5,520,385, but which other and better authority places at $5,342,700, a difference of about SIBO,OOO. As to the other items all authorities, Republican and Democratic, agree.

§if4 OBJECTS OF o£| " t 6 ~ g'e APPROPRIATION. S»2S~. Be.* 5*9. v : SN>2‘2 Legislative $ 17,797, 97$ 2 >,210,090 Military Academy 322,'35 33 ,557 Army 2',687,800 27,258,000 Navy 14,566,037 1 4,816,176 Indian 4,587,866 5,229,374 Postoffice service 40,95',432 44,643,900 Cohsular and diplomatic. 1,192,435 1,256,055 Sundry civil 22, 92, 94 25,589,358 Fortifications 575,000 375,000 Rivers and harbors 11,547,800 18,743,875 Miscellaneous and reliefs 1,128,006 6,342,700 District of Columbia.... 1,689,008 1,695,008 Agricultural 335,500 427,280 Total $143,478,910 $165,923,063

It -will be seen from the foregoing that the appropriations for pensions and deficiencies are excluded from both years. And, exclusive of these, the appropriations stand: Republican, year 1882 $168,923,083 Democratic, year 1881 143,478,910 Excess of Republican appropriations $22,444,153 In 1881 the Democratic Congress appropriated $5,124,046 for deficiencies of the preceding year, and we have not charged it to that Congress because it belonged to the previous Congress. In the like manner the late Republican Congress appropriated $13,248,193 for other than pension deficiencies in the appropriations made by the last Democratic Congress, and we have not charged it to the Republican Congress. All that deficiency was for work, services or material of some character furnished under existing laws and for which the Democratic Congress of 1881 ought to have made appropriations. It was rendered necessary by the insufficient appropriations which the Democrats made for las\ year’s public service. The United States courts cost $253,056 for witness’ fees and mileage, Marshals’ fees and the like, more than was appropriated for them, a sum over which Congress has no discretion or control whatever. And the Republican Congress was bound to pay the bill because the Democratic Congress failed to provide for it. There was another deficiency of $865,000 iu Government printing. The last Congress only appropriated $1,700,000 for this purpose,' though the previous Congress had appropriated $2,100,000. And all the work done through which the deficiency was created was by direction of the last Congress. Another deficiency of SBO,OOO was caused by the failure of the Democratic Congress to carry out treaty stipulations with the Cheyenne, Arapahoe and other Indians. The total of these deficiencies, as already stated, exclusive of pensions amounted to $13,248,193, and they were all equally binding on the Government, and equally necessary with these items mentioned. The following are the principal deficiencies which the democratic Congress were bound to provide for, but which they left to be paid bv their Republican successors, Evidently they hoped by this action ta secure a cheap reputation and unmerited for economy: DEMOCRATIC DEFICIENCIES. ■ Amount Object. deficient. Pay and mileage of Congrewi $ 138,592 Internal revenue, Including salaries..... 380,000

Mints and assay offices 55.51 S Land office 25,n00 P'->Hion ‘■’ffice. . 73,'XiO Patent office 44,911 Department of Justice 11,‘.m Public printing and binding 865,000 State Department 32,328 Public buildings 32,970 Revenue cutter service. 25,001 Expenses United States courts. 255,056 Fish and fisheries. 82.000 Current expenses of public buildings... 172,216 Public lands service. 26,129 Interior Department.. 9,530 Expenses tenth census 620,000 Departments of Postoffice, Agriculture and Justice 281,056 Compensation of Postmasters 1,192,206 Transportation of postal matter 1,120,000 Military establishment. 620,600 Naval establishment 426,407 Indians 1,040,781 Consular and diplomatic 38.000 Agriculture and District of Columbia.. 34,377 Charging to each Congress the expenses made by it exclusive of pensions the account stands thus—as stated by Mr. Hiscock, Chairman of the Appropriation Committee of the House: Democratic Republican Congress. Congress. 1881-2. 1882-3. Legislative, executive and judicial $18,565,554.16 $20,210,090.65 Sundry civil 24,715,492.75 25,589,458.06 Postal service 43,350,783.23 44,643,900.00 Military establishment 25,207,800.00 27,258,000.00 Naval establishment. 14,991,444.59 14,816,176.70 Rivers and harbors... 11,441,300.00 18,743,875.00 Forts and fortifications 575,000.00 375,000.00 Military academy.... 322,435.37 335,567.04 Indians 5,627,648.47 6,229,874.01 Consular and diplomatic 1,229,435.00 11,256,655.00 Department of Agriculture 335,500.00 427,280.00 District of Columbia, 50 per cent 1,724,163.22 1.695,098.04 Miscellaneous and reliefs 3,280,426.59 5,342,700.59 Total Republican Congress $165,923,005.00 Total Democratic Congress 153,367,983.00 Difference .$12,555,082.00 By comparing the expenses of these two years it can be seen that the Republican expenses for 1883 exceed the Democratic expenses for 1882 in the following items and amounts. Amount , of Excess. Legislative, executive and judicial... .$ 1,644,536 Sundry civil 873,866 Postal service 1,293,117 Military establishment. .... 50,200 Rivers and harbors 7,302,575 Military Academy 13,122 Consular and diplomatic 27,182 Department of Agriculture 91,780 Miscellaneous and reliefs 2,062,274 Total. $13,358,652

The River and Harbor bill was in no sense a party measure. We have already explained that it was vetoed by a Republican President and was afterward passed by Democratic votes. And whether people agree that it was all entirely wise or not the Republicans are no more responsible for it than Democrats are. The appropriation should therefore be deducted from the general excess. Deducting this the account will stand thus: Total Republican excess $13,358,659 Deduct river and harbor excess 7,302,575 Net Republican excess $ 6,058,077 The Republican appropriations enacted for 1883 were less than the actual Democratic expenses for 1882 on the following items: Amount A ccoun 1. of B'av inff. Naval service $175,268 Indian service 399,274 District of Columbia. 29,065 Forts and fortifications 200,000 Republican saving $803,507 The items for which the Republican appropriations for 1883 are in excess of the Democratic expenses for 1882 are every one of them made necessary by the growth and development of the country or to carry out the laws now in force. Of the $1,644,536 excess for legislative, executive and judicial expenses, $1,264,620 goes to pay the extra force of clerks which are necessary to dear off the applications for pensions in the pension office. Another item is $34,000 added to the patent appropriation. This was necessary to pay for additional clerks in the office required, by press of business. But this addition of help benefits the treasury', because the Patent Office is self-sustaining, and the more work it does the more money the Government receives from it. 'This'* addition is, therefore, a gain to the treasury instead of a loss. The Department of Justice takes about $130,000 of this excess, and the Treasury Department $168,000. Both of these items are made necessary by the increased business of the Government. The Adjutant General’s office receives $140,000 of this excess to employ additional clerks to hunt up the records of pensioners and expedite pension business through that office. The Surgeon General’s office receives $253,000 for the same purpose. Thus it is seen that a very large part of the excess found in this appropriation goes to pay the clerical force necessary to clear off the immense number of pension applications, and so remove the complaints of delay that many who are entitled under previous legislation to pensions or pensions arrears have justly made. In the sundry civil list the Republican Congress made great savings over the Democratic Congress in many items. Republican economy in Sundry Civil bill: Democratto Republican Subject of Ap- expense, appropriapropriation. 1882. KCm, 1888. Botanical garden $ 19,627 $ io.CoO Public printing and binding %579,<»Q 2,377,650 State Department 120,8 M 106,500 Revenue cutter service...... 1,050,000 966,000 Fish and fisheries 316,001 229,000 Washington buildings and grounds ' 973,000 658,000 Signal Service . 47<um 320.000 Navy yards and stations.. 870,000 650,800 Public-land service. ....... 1,170,929 403,800 _ $7,574,204 $5,722,400 Democratic expenses, 1882...... A...... 7,574,206 Republican appropriation, 1883, ... A m} . 5,722,400 Republican Haring on the above .$1,861,805 There was also a Republican addition of $1,433,531 made to erect public buildings in Detroit and other in

the oountry. The Republicans made another increase of $76,600 to build new lighthouses and repair old onee, and another increase of $35,000 to keep up lighthouses and provide them with improved lighting apparatus; and there was another increase of $17,000 for coast surveying, every dollar of which helps to cheapen transportation of Western products to the markets of the world and so directly benefits every farmer in Michigan. An examination of these items shows that the Republicans saved where it was possible to save, and only extended appropriations where patriotism, humanity aud public interest required it. The postal service excess of $1,293,117 is really a measure of economy as well as being necessary to meet the growing wants of the oountry. Growing cities and towns and new villages arising all over the land require extension of the postal service. This the appropriation meets. Last year the postal department came within a little over $2,000,060 of paying expenses. And, though $44,000,000 is appropriated for the present year, the service will turn that much money into the treasury, at least such is the present estimate," and that service will cost the Government nothing. In each of the last three years of Democratic administration the expenses of the Postoffice Department exceeded the revenue as follows: In 1858 the excess of expenditures over receipts was ; $ 5,235,678 In 1859 the excess of expenditures over receipts was 3,489,599 In iB6O the excess of expenditures over receipts was 10,652,542 During the last year of administration the Democrats ran the department $lO,000,000 in debt. During the present year, under Republican administration the receipts will equal expenditures. There is where the economy of wise expenditure nnder Republican administration comes in. Among the appropiations of the present year is one of $1,485,279 to the District of Columbia. One-half of this is a loan to the District at 3 per cent, and is for the purpose of enlarging the water works of the city, which is absolutely necessary both for the protection of the property of the United States and for the preservation of its inhabitants. Of the excess in the River and Harbor bill over $6,000,000 goes to the Mississippi river and its tributaries. This the President recommended. And more Democrats than Republicans voted for it. The increase of expenses in the miscellaneous and reliefs includes the following items: The public buildings in Detroit and elsewhere for which new appropriations were made. The expenses of President Garfield’s sickness and funeral. Relief to President Garfield’s widow. Relief to the widow of Abraham Lincoln.

Compensation to soldiers for private property destroyed by fire. One year’s salary to widow of Gen. Kilpatrick. A large number of drawbacks to importers who were compelled to pay duties which the courts afterward held they were not bound to pay. Refunding internal-revenue taxes illegally collected from Detroit House of Correction. Another item is for the relief of the Mississippi flood sufferers, amounting to $400,000. Printing report of Commissioner of Agriculture for the benefit of farmers. It also includes all the private claims and relief bills passed by Congress. In addition to other appropriations the last Democratic Congress appropriated $50,000,000 for pensions. And the Republicans found a deficiency in the Democratic appropriation of $ 6,000,000. This was the amount of pensions and pension arrears due to applicants under existing laws, which had been awarded by the Pension Bureau and for which the Democrats failed to make an appropriation. The Republican Congress also appropriated $100,000,000 for pensions, which was $50,000,000 more than the Democrats appropriated, and $36,000,000 over the Democratic appropriation and deficiency. They took the law as they found it. And after examining the pension applications on file and the estimates made by the Commissioner of Pensions they made the appropriation. These estimates were made from the laws as the Commissioner found them on the statute book., And after his estimates were examined by Congress the appropriation Vas passed by unanimous consent. No Democrat nor Republican voted against it. They could do nothing else. They appropriated to pay all the arrears of pensions that will be adjusted, and they made appropriations for sufficient clerical force to adjudicate these claims in a reasonable time. After a careful examination of all these appropriations, seeing where the Republican Congress has saved and where it has overrun the expenses of its Democratic peedecessor, we are bound to say the Republican Congress has made the most judicious and economical appropriations, and in the language of Democratic Congressman Blackburn, speaking of the principal appropriation bill: “It is a clean bill, and not open to objection.” And putting aside the River and Harbor bill, which was not a party measure, and a few of the appropriations for public buildings, about winch there is and always will be difference of opinion, it can safely be said of all the other appropriates, as to every dollar of them, they ire justified by public necessity and thOy aAas economical as the wages and currenKJirioes of the country will admit. ,No‘man who respects the obligations of the Government can pick out one single item in the list to which an exception can be made.

THE NATION'S SCHOOLS.

Synopsis of the Report of Commissioner Eaton. Satisfactory Progress of the Cause of Education. The report of the National Commissioner of Education for 1880, Just issued, in addition to the aocount of educational affairs for the year, furnishes valuable figures for a comparison with the first year of thft preceding decade. Tho work of the office has increased considerably, as shown by the fact that, while in 1871 there were but 2,001 educational institutions and systems in correspondence with it, in 1880 there were 8,281 such. From the statistics reported it appears that in 1871 twenty-nine States reported a school population of 9,633,969, while in 1880 the thirty-eight States and eight Territories reported a total of 15,536,280. The number enrolled in the public schools, twenty-eight States only reporting for 1871, was 6,393,085, while for 1880 it was 9,781,5:1, all the States and Territories reporting this item. Twenty-five States reported the number in daily attendance in 1871 as 3,601,789, while in U&O thirty-four States and eight Territories reported it as 5,805,842. In twenty-six States the total number of teachers was given as 180,635 in 1871, and in all the States and Territories as 382,644 in 1880, divided in the former case into 66,949 men and 108,748 women, and in the latter Into 116,012 men and 157,657 women; only twenty-four States reporting the teachers separately in the first year, and thirty-five States and eight Territories in the latter. The total public school income reported in 187 L by thirty States was $64,598,919, while in 1880—all the States and Territories reporting—it was $83,940,239, with an expenditure in 1871 by twenty-tour States of $61,179,220, and in IBSO by all the States and Territories of $80,033,838, or an expenditure for each child of school age varying from INI cents in Alabama to $14.91 in Massachusetts, and for each one in average attendance from $3.84 in North Carolina to $27.85 in California. The permanent school fund reported In 1871 by nineteen States was $41,466,754, and that of 1880 was $132,878,839. This fund is composed principally of the proceeds of grants and reservations of land to the States and Territories respectively, made by the United States, ana which are stated by Mr. Thomas Donaldson, in his valuable work, “The Publio Domain," to be as follows. From 1785 to June 30,1880: Acres. For public and common schools, estimated 67,893,919 For seminaries or universities, estimated 1,165,520 For agricultural and mechanical colleges 9,600,000 Total 77,659,439 The number of pupilß reported in private schools in 1871 was 828,170 in fourteen States, and in 1880, in twenty-one States and four Territories, it was 568,130. , Of normal schools, or schools for preparing teachers, there has been a steady increase during the decade, there being sixtyfive reported in 1871, with 445 instructors and 10,922 students, and 220 in 1880, with 1,466 instructors and 43,077 students, of whom 908 and 25,723 respectively were in 106 public normals, and 563 and 17,354 respectively were in 114 private schools. The number of graduates in those supported by the Public funds was 2,943; in the private ones 52. Considerable advance is shown In the institutions for the higher Instruction of women, there being 136 of these reported in 1871, with 1,163 teachers and 12,411 pupils, and 227 in 1880, with 2,340 teachers, 25,780 students, 251,595 volumes in the libraries; grounds, buildings anil apparatus valued ut $9,510,909, and an income of $790,331. The Commissioner says that progress is marked and satis.'octory; that in 1870 the Michigan University and the Illinois industrial University were opened to women, in 1872 Cornell and the University of Vermont, in 1873 Boston University; that Smith and Wellesley Colleges were organized in 1875. and that in 1879 the Harvard Annex for Women wept into operation. Agricultural colleges or schools of science have Increased from forty-one in 1871, with 303 instructors and 3,303 students, to eighty-three, including the United States Military and Naval Academies, In 1880, with 953 instructors and 11,584 students. Ninety-four schools of theology were reported in 1871, with 369 teachers and 8,204 students. They increased during the decade to 142, with 633 instructors and 5,242 students trained In the tenets of twenty denominations, three of the schools being unsectarian. In law the number of schools was thirty in 1871, with 129 instructors and 1,722 students; in 1880 the number was forty-eight, with 229 instructors and 3,134 students. Schools of medicine have Increased during the decade from 82, with 750 instructors ana 7,045 students, to 120, with 1,660 instructors and 14,006 students The number of “regular” schools in 1871 was 57; in 1880 it was 72; of eclectic, in 1871, 4; in 1880,6; homeopathic, in 1871, 6; in 1880, 12; of dental, in 1871,9; in 1880, 16; of pharmaceutical, In 1871,16; in 1880,14. Schools for the blind number 30, and have 632 instructors and other employes, with 2,032 pupils. There have been 9,371 inmates of these institutions since opening. A summary ol' institutions for the deaf and dumb shows that there were 56 reported, with 418 instructors (60 being semi-mule), and 6,657 under instruction, the whole number who have received Instruction being 20,504. Of schools for feeble-minded youth there were 13 in 1880, reporting 483 instructors and other employes, and 1,298 Inmates, with n total of 1,936 dismissed improved since their opening. The amount of benefactions for educational purposes during the year 1880 reached the important figure of $5,513,501. This sum was distributed among the different Institutions os follows: Universities and colleges 42,666/71 Schools of Science 1,371,445 Schools of theology 827,856 Schools of law 425 Schools of medicine $7,400 Institutions for the superior instruction of women 92,372 Preparatory schools 111,584 Institutions for secondary instruction.. 868,380 Institutions for the deaf aud dumb and the blind m 22/88 Training schools for nurses 40,885 •. r. • . i .. i , .

Old-Time Kicking Frolics.

Our grandparents were hard workers. With them neither the farm nor the house knew aught of labor-saving machines. It was rough work fdr tli&men out of doors and it was hard work &> r the women in doors. Families thought to better themselves by moving but West. It was jumping from the fryingpan into (th>e fire. Indians put a rifle on the farmers shoulder, and necessity forced his ■ faithful wife to seek orifc many inventions. She clpthed her children in toW frocks, and dressed herself and husband in linsey-woolsey, if she cotdd get wool to mix with the*flax. As

her sheep increased she made their wool nto fl mnels. But there were no .filling mills, and so woman’s wit invented “kicking frolics’’ for foiling her flannels. She invited all the men in the neighborhood to visit her cabin on a certain evening. They came to find a mass of •woolen web, saturated with soap and water, in the center of the washed cabin floor. Seating themselves about the soapy mass, with naked feet and rolledup trousers, they began kicking it vigorously. The desire to kick the hardest kept the living fulling mill at its best work, while laughing women poured soap and water on the woolen mass. The spirit of fun and frolio prevailed, and many feet made light work. At last, when the flannel had been thoroughly fulled, and the men and women saturated writh soap and water, a homely supper was served, and the “kicking frolic” closed up.

STATE CONTENTIONS.

The Democrats of Connecticut assembled in State Convention at Hartford and nominated the foliowring ticket: Governor, Thomas M. Waller; lieutenant Governor, George G. Sumner; Secretary of State, 8. Ward Northrop; Treasurer, Alfred R. Goodrloh; Comptroller, Thomas P. Sanford The platform approves the President's veto of the River ana Harbor bill, and treats the prohibition question as follows: “We . fully recognize the evils arising from the abuse of intoxicating liquors. We believe those evils may lie most effectually oheoked by the force of enlightened public opinion. They may lie purtially restrained bv wriso legislation, but such legislation should not be so oppressive or so Impracticable in its provisions as to trench on tho personal rights and liberties of the citizens, and ought not to be made a partisan question. Legislation so equally affecting every one in reference to a subject where all honest men Beek a common object can most safely be left to individual conscience free from blunders of party prejudice. We believe the incorporation of a police regulation relative to the sale of lntoxioating liquors Into the State constitution to be opposed to the plainest principles of sound government,” The New York State Temperance Convention met at Syracuse to agree upon the basis of the Prohibition amendment to the State constitution. The following resolutions were adopted: i Resolved, That we recognize the hand of Almighty God in the movement that has already accomplished so much for the suppression of tho liquor traffic in other States, and that Is kindling so great an enthusiasm among the friends of temperance in our State. Resolved, That we call for the Submission to the people of thlH State of an amendment to the constitution prohibiting the manufacture and sate of alcoholic beverages. Resolved, That we do not identify ourselves with any partisan movement, but, \as a convention representing the temperance Societies and Christian churches of the State of New York, we do seek such legislation as shall free our noble State from the power of mm, which we recognize as an enemy of all good, and we do hereby call on all good citizens, irrespective of party or creed, to aid in this object. Resolved, That we pledge ourselves to vote for no candidate for the Legislature who will not publicly pledge himself in favor of submitting such amendment to a vote of the people. A constitution for a temperance association was adopted and John N. Stearns chosen Chairman.

SHOT DEAD IN HIS BANK.

An Aged Gen tinman'* Heart Blown to Pieces In Front of Hid Treasure-Vaults at Waupaca, Wls. H. C. Mood, an eccentric bachelor, who for thirty years bos done a banking business at Waupaca, Wls., was shot dead at a rear window of his office as he sat writing at a table. His nose, eyes and part of his brain were torn away by the discharge. The murderers then cut the wire screen, entered the apartment and rilled the money-chest of several thousmd dollars. A dispatch from Waupaca gives the following particulars of the tragedy: Mr. Mead had been in the habit of sleeping near his treasures and taking his meals at the hotel, and when he did not come to either breakfast or dinner a messenger was sent to learn if he was sick. Repeated knocks on the bank door brought no answer, and the hack window was used as a means bf ingress. On the floor lay the remains of the hanker, with blood spattered all over the walls, while a large pool had gathered around his prostrate body. A jury was impaneled and an examination showed that Mr. Mead’s death was caused by a gun-shot The gun had evidently been placed in the rear window of the building, as the wire screen was found torn off and the window lowered He had probablv been sitting at a small table in the back room writing, and, hearing a noise at the w ndow, had turned around, only to receive the full charge from both barrels of the shotgun in his face. The nose, eyes and part of his head had been completely torn off. The assassins then seemingly went to the safe, whlcdwas still unlocked, nnd rifled the chest, taking away several thousand dollars In currents, gold and bonds. It Is known that Mr. Mead was worth more than f 100,000. The bank is a one-story wooden building, the front room being used for business, while the rear room was the sleeping apartments of the murdered man. Not five feet from where his bed stands is a window without bars, and the sill is about live feet from the ground. In this room Mr. Me&l had slept and almost lived for twenty-live years, having no children. Hfs peril was often mentioned to him, and h's answer was that he had never harmed any one in his life, and that, if it was his money that was wanted, It would not be necessary to kill him.

Basis for a Good Breakfast.

Lamb chops are excellent, cooked in this way: Put them in a frying-pan, with a very little water—so little that it will boil away by the time the meat is tender; then put in lumps of butter with the meat and let it brown slowly; there, will be a brown, crisp surface with a fine flavor. Serve for breakfast with j)otatoescooked thus: Choose small ones aryl let them boil till they are tender; 3 mh off the water and pour over them, diiltf still in the least one teacup of eneam; mash them smooth in this. j Paletot’ Consul Bookie, at San Ftakcjje©- introduced 'the Veprefcehtatives 1 Of' ! British ; societies of i the city ‘ -'tOj the Marqui s, of Lorne,> and an address of s welcome was read. The (Princess Louise assigned fatigue as an ’excuse for her absence. The party then accepted the invitation of General McDowell to make a trip around the bay in the Government steamer.'