Rensselaer Union and Jasper Republican, Volume 8, Number 30, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 13 April 1876 — Page 7

Bull-Fighting in (Southern Arixona.

A large, ring-llke incloaure, abut In by a wall ot poles set in the ground, and bound together by rawhide thongs; a gato-llke opening, with a narrow passageway leading to it, made of the same rude materials; a post in the center of the ring, ten feet high, with a cross-bar at its top swinging on a pivot, and suspended from each end or the bar a large canvas bag, distended by a framework within; on two sides of the incloeure, and on a level with the hips of the poles, a series of broad platforms —on the one in the shade of the building, in the rear, the combined beauty of the Sunny South, on the other, and beneath it on the ground, a motley collection of caballcros, old men and brown, shock-headed, batlcas boys—admirable specimens of the type gamm; a flutter of fans and a rustle of drapery from the one baicosy—laughter and frequent signals of impatience from the other. ******* As the first bull disappears through the side gate another dashes into the circle from the main entrance—a great black fellow, with red, wicked-looking eyes. He stands lor a moment lashing his sides with his long, thin, whip-like tail, with lowered crest, glaring upon the novel scene. A novice need not be told that he would need no urging to make him fight. A nimble matadore flaunts his scarlet flag in the air, and with a low bellow the angry beast plunges at it; Just & fraction of time the wily aggravator balances himself on his toes in front of the brute, and with a f raceful sweep tosses his flag over his ead, and glides to one side, while the bull sweeps by with a force thut would have driven his long, thin horns through and through the Mexican, if he had been in front. Cries of “ Bravo I” and the clapping of fair (though ungloved, and I must say somewhat brown) hands reward the matadore, who receives the acknowledgment with a profound and graceful bow. And now, the bull’s blood beingtlioroughly up, he dashes right and leitat the sight of every red flag. About this time our friend the clown reappeared, but he had undergone a remarkable transformation — before he was quite a thin fellow, with a “lean and hungry look; 11 IMll liftn hi ISoT sufficient size for the president of a fat man’s club. The bull, catching sight of him, dashed at him, and before the unlucky fellow could escape, caught him on his horns and hurled him through the air as tltoagh shot from a catapult. A matadore claims the hull’s attention long enough to let “the clown escape, Who, thanks to his generous padding, is riot much hurt, and who, as he gets up and limps oft', looks the astonishment he probably does not feel. This accident is quite funny enough to satisfy even his natural tormentors, the small boys, and their salutations, as the clown limps by, would be very amusing if they were translatable. A great deal or merriment is produced by two feilows who climb into the canvasbags suspended in the center of the arena. As the bull nears them they attract his attention, and backing off a few feet he rushes at them. As he strikes the bags they rebound, and occasionally are driven completely over.- The occupants are protected by the trame work within the bap, and besides are thoroughly padded. Presently the ring is cleared of all but one brave fellow, who, tossing aside his flag, takes in each hand an iron barb, highly ornamented with rosettes and streamers of various colored ribbons and paper. Watching- a favorable opportunity, he plunges one into the nearest flank of the bull and the other into the other flank. At each insertion the bul winces, bellows with pain and becomes frantic with rage, while his flanks are bathed in blood. Taking a barb in each hand the matadore approaches the furious animal. Somewhat weary from repeated failures aud the injuries he had received, the bull closely watches the man, and wheeling round presents a constant front; closer and closer goes the bull-flghtcr, the bull recedes slower and slower, finally stops, lowers his massive head, and with his front hoofs drives the dirt of. the arena £ar up into the air. Suddenly he recedes a few feet rapidly; the matadore stops; with lowered* crest and lashing tail the brute plunges at him. Poising himself, tho matadore stretches forth his loug, slender arms, and when the mad brute is right upon him, reaches over the grizzled front and curving horns, and plunges the stinging barbs down into the shoulders of the furious bull and glides to one side untouched—a brave and daring feat, over which the spectators go wild in their enthusiasm. The gate is thrown open, the bull rushes out, the band plays and the orowd disperses. The General with whom I have been standing (I am with a military party today) says: “Very cruel amusement; all one-sided; not a man killed.” —San Fran~ ei»co Alta California.

How They Study Brains at Munich.

The student of comparative anatomy may find in Munich rare facilities for his pursuit, and he can enjoy advantages for studying the human brain which exist nowhere rise in the world. Some of the readers of the Courant fnay be interested in an unscientific word or two about what I saw the other day at the Institution for the Insane. The Director, Herr Prof. Barnhardt Gudden, invented some years ago a method of minutely examining the brain, which I believe is new, and a machine for facilitating the operation which Is original. By means of his process the structitfe of the brain is studied at leisure and more thoroughly than it has ever been before. The process is this: When the brain is taken from the head entire, it is submitted to a process which hardens it. This is accomplished by soaking it in a solution of bichromate of potash. It requires two years to give the brain of a man the requisite solidity; the smaller brain of an inferior animal will harden in three months. The mass is then imbedded in wax and fitted into a circular basin having a screw underneath by which the brain can be raised or lowered. The screw is turned so as to bring the subslaijpejusl ahove the rim ot the bj&in, and a long razor-like knife, resting upon the rim, is drawn over it, slicing off a paring of the brain, thin or thick, as the anatomist wishes. The operation is repeated until the brain—sliced, let us say, vertically, TfomlheTrohf to separated into a series of thin plates, or laminae. These laminae are then put up in Venetian varnish, between glass, labeled and numbered in the order they are cut off, and they are ready for examination under the microscope. The substance first, however, is a little tinged with vermfliion, in order to render the translucent, thin laminae visible. The color, however, does not at all obliterate the distinction between the gray and the white substance of the brain. In the room where I saw this process were brains in all the stages—brains of men, of dogs, oxen, rabbits, doves, etc.—Jars full of them, like some new and unpleasant soft l of pickle. And about the room were cases with shelves, and boxes, filled with brains, sliced, dried and put away for examination. Standing together in one corner 'Were over a dozen boxes, a foot and a half long and six inches square, fitted with a slide and filled with the glass containing the laminae. “ How many brains,” I asked, “ are contained in those boxes f” “Oh;” replied the professor, “only one; only the brain of one man; but it has been sliced in 700 plates. But we cut the brains of animajg thinner. There in that case (s the brain of a dog; it is 1,100 plates.” * /' . you will understand by this the facili-

S a Student would have for examining e structure of the brain. Beginning at the front, let us say, he can trace, with perfect certainty, back to the base of the Drain and the gpln&l column every nerve, every tissue, every minutest fiber. He can not only learn the origin of all, the growth nt diminution of all, but the direction 6f each. Without the necessity of enlarging upon it, you will see how completely this process layj the brain ijpen to study, and study that may be pursued months or years on the same bralh. Of course, brains are sliced In any direction, longitudinally as well as transversely, and horizontally as well as vertically. These admirable preparations have been, as yet, very little studied; but they will no doubt yield valuable results. The experiments with animals consist in removing the whole or a part of the brain from the living creature* when it is in extreme youth, and then observing the result in maturity. Take for instance a dog. A portion of the puppy’s brain is cut out. He is then allowed to grow ud, and at the end of a year he is killed, apd his brain is prepared in the manner I have described. Take out fi quarter of a dog’s brain, or even one entire lobe, and he does not mind it much: there is probably unusual activity in the half remaining. If more than half of both lobes (from the front) is removed, the brain even grows a little again, and the animal performs his ordinary functions. If all the brain is taken, tho dog lives, but he is little better than an idiot; bis tood must be put. into his mouth, he can directnis steps with no certainty, and his eyes see without recognition. Most of these delicate preparations in this museum have been piade by Dr. Auguste Forrel, a young Swiss naturalist, the ussistant, as I said, in this hospital, and a genius of the first order. He bad, however, in vials, many brains of ants, both big uud little. These brains he hardens and submits to the same slicing process described above. The dissection of a large ant is a delicate operation, but when the ant is as small as some of these he has here, the brain of which needs to be under a microscope to be seen perfectly, the delicacy of manipulatiauns&eaßary can be imagined. The ant, as you know, is a very wonderful animal, and hascapacities which seem to be wanting in animal larger, and usually credited with more intelligence. They exist in societies, if not in organizations; they are architects, they plan and carry out expeditions of plunder or of war, they have slavesi they seem to have (on occasions) recognized leaders, and they act sometimes very much as a community of men. The ants have three sexes, male, female and a neuter, which I think are named amazons. The slaves of an ant-hill are compelled to do the work; it is, if I understand it, the amazons mostly who form the army. The slaves are procured in the good old-fash-ioned way—by war. It seems to be the practice when slaves are needed for the hill to send out scouts to fbok for a weaker colony. Four ants have been seen to go on such au expedition. On their return they communicate the result to their fellows. The communication be-tweenjheni-fleemato bebythemea&s of their antennae. Two ants touch antennae and understand each other. The ant has poor or defective sight, and his feelers are his means of intercourse and of knowledge ; he feels his way over the ground by his antennae, by them he knows his friends from his enemies; if they are pulled out he is nearly as helpless as a blind man, and cannot tell friends from foes. They are his weapons of war as well. When an attack on another colony is determined upon, the army moves out of the hill, say from two hundred to seven hundred strong. The main body does not form in rank or order, but some of the leaders keep a rank, four abreast One thing is singular, they never go on such an expedition until afternoon. As long os they are certain of the direction they move Bwiftly on, at the rale of about a meter a minute. If the leaders are in doubt the mass halts; if the four first still seem in doubt they fall back in the crowd, and the fbur next take the lead, going on as long as (hey are sure of their way. Sometimes they halt a long time, sending out scouts to right and left, the army patiently waiting the result. If night approaches before they reach the prey they march back and try again the next day. When the force reaches the other colony they enter the hill at once, plunder it of its lame or eggs and, each taking one, carry them back to their own hill. Thvse eggs thus acquired are hatched and the young are brought up as slaves, differently educated ana trained from free ants.— Munich Cor. Hartford Courant.

The Gardener' t Monthly says, in an article on the old question of deep planting i- We want ordinary flower-se«is as near the surface as we can get them. Scrape from the bed of mellow earth soil to the thickness of the trowel-blade. Sow the seed, draw the soil back, and beat firmly down on the seed. The principle is that seeds want moisture to make them grow, but they must have air—one is an evil without the other. If deep, they get only water, In which case they rot. If entirely on the surface, they get only air, and then they dry up. As to heating the soil, the principle is that large spaces in soil enable the earth to dry out rapidly. Small spaces, on the other hand, hold water. Crushing earth, when dry, gives it these small spaces, or, a 9 gardeners call it, makes it porous. Planted as directed, the seeds are where they will be near the "Hr, andyefso M thitthey will be regularly moist. American tonnage shows a slight increase that is encouraging. Our tonnage xital for inland and ocean shows an aggregate of 4,858,732 tons. This is an increase over last year of 58,000 tons, and since 1872, of 416,000. There has been, too, we fir.d, a steady growth of tonnage since the war, and this growth, while it has not kept pace with the growth ol the country in wealth, population and commerce, has begun to be a growth in the right direction, t. that of steam navigation ask substitute for navigation by sail. The number of tons of vessels built during the fiscal year ending June 80, 1875, was 207,688; of these there were 114 ships, barks, etc., with an aggregate tonnage of 112,000.t0n5,0r 1,000 tons each. There were 828 steam vessels built; aggregating 62,459 tons, and of these twenty were iron steamers of over 1,000 tons each, aggregating 68121, tons.— N. 7. World. Fifty-one years ago the gas was first lighted in the house of Samuel Leggett, the then President of the New York Gas Light Company, at No. 7 Cherry street, now Franklin square. In honor of that event the company, on February 28,1876, reduced the price of gas from *2.75 to $2 50 per 1,000 feet, which is the lowest price at which gas has ever been sold on this island. During all these yours the fire that was lighted when the company started has never been allowed to expire: and when in 1874 the works were removed from Canal and Center streets, the burning coals were transported to the predent location at Twenty-first street, East River. — N. 7. Evening Pott. The State of Georgia exempts from taxes cotton and woolen mills and machinery for ten years the time the mills are started. There is one mill in operation In Augusta, containing 22,000 spindles, which has made a dividend'of twenty per cent, among the stockholders. • ■ w r"» —A man named Peters, eighty-four years old, dropped dead, the other cfay, at Mendoq, Vfc, from excitement at seeing a fight between two men.

AGRICULTURAL AND DOMESTIC.

—To make rice batter-cakes mix onefourth wheal flour to three-fourths of rice flour; add alittlo salt; raise and bake aa, buckwheat cakes. 5 - r -*- —Perfect cleanliness should be the rule in all stables, pens and sheds.... Filth is the most frequent cause of disease. Too much warmth it not healthful. Pure air, dry beds and clean skins keep well-fed animals in sleek condition. —ls the inside of your tea pot or coffeepot is black from long use, fill ft with water, throw in a piece of hard soap, set on the stove and let it. boil from half an hour to an hour. It will clean as bright as a new dollar, and costs no work. —To make an efficacious wash for weak and sore eyes mix one tablespoonful of pulverized white vitriol and two teaspoonfills of saltpeter, dissolved in one quart ot rain-water. Put one drop in the eye and keep it there os long as possible. If the eye Is badly inflamed, repeat the operation every five or ten minutes until the ball of the eye feels cool, after which repeat two or three times a day. The mixture is perfectly harmless, cooling and cleansing. It is likewise good for festering sores.— Exchange. —The Michigan Farmer says that the farming industry is a sound, healthy, strong and vigorous industry to-day. There is no over-production, no surplus stock, but a fair demand. There is a better show for tke larrner than for almost any other trade or profession. Labor is cheaper, machinery and tools are cheaper, and the farmer can buy his supplies and groceries at old ante-war rates. And farmers are in a position financially to take advantage of existing circumstances. —The Pacific Rural Press, in speaking of the selection of seed for planting, reiterates the well-known fact that in tbe seed is concentrated tbe strength and life of the plant. In it lie all the possibilities of reproduction, and if the soil and cultivation be favorable its future course is sure. It is true that in some farm crops very much depends upon the introduction of fi csh seeds, bulbs or tubers, where the tendency seems toward degeneration. These points should receive the farmer’s most careful consideration and observation. —We find the following item in one of our exchanges: i A breeder of poultry writes;... . Jh’ery~M»r4*g~ 4 procure a quantity of cedar boughs and scatter them plentifully in and around the hen house. This is all that is necessary, as the odor of the cedar keeps away lice. This remedy Is cheap, simple and effective, and is well worth trying by all who have heps to care for. Now, cedar boughs are not to be had in some localities, and we would advise all who have access to a good bed of tansy to utilize it for above purposes. A little sulphur sprinkled about the nests i 3 also valuable, and timely prevention may save a great deal of trouble and annoyance.— Rural Times.

Pruning Bearing Orchards.

Thicks which are kept in good shape while young will not be likely to need much pruning when they become older. Rubbing off with his fingers a small green supernumerary shoot in time will save the trouble of sawing off a large limb in after years. But it is not often that orchards receive this perfect management; the owner is sometimes absent from home, or pressed with other cares, at the time when the pruning should be performed, arid needless branches and dense bushy tops are the result. As the trees become still older the time required to cut away what is not w'anted and is detrimental continues to prevent the owner from giving attention to the subject, and lie does not like to commit the work to a blundering laborer. We have adopted, a practice by which any hired man may prune an orchard of the most valuable trees, with as much accuracy and skill as it could be done by the best horticulturist, or by the owner standing by and directing every motion. We can do it even better, because any one can mark out work to greater advantage if he has but one object in view before his eyes, than if his attention is constantly distracted. We pass along the rows of trees, and with a piece of chalk in hand draw a line at the base of any limb requiring removal, at the exact place where the workman is to set in his saw or knife. With this single object before us, we can do better than if constantly compelled to cut and then look, and cut and look continually. And we can thus point out to a man who has the saw the exact spot for cutting much better than to stand by and continue to give verbal directions. The owner may thus lay out in half an hour work enough to keep the laborer busy for balf a day, and be needs no watching, for he cannot go wrong It usually happens that the limbs in a bearing orchard are beyond the ordinary reach of chalk in band. In this case we attach the chalk to a Slender pole. We find the small chalk cylinder* used for blackboard exercises in schools the most convenient in this case. A round, slender rod several feet in length is procured, the smaller end of whteh is of the same size as the cylinder. A strip of pasteboard is wound around one end and secured by a chord, and projects an inch or two beyond the end of the stick. In the pasteboard thus formed the chalk ib inserted, so that the end only projects. The marker is now ready for work. As the chalk wears away in marking, the pasteboard tube is slipped down a little, and thus it is ready for marking till all is worn away, when another replaces it. This contrivance answers perfectly for all smooth - barked trees, and we have found it a great convenience in pruning a large neglected pear orchard. Bui when the bark is rough and the limbs large, as in many apple orchards, common coarse chalk will be found to answer best. This may be inserted in a slender, forked-stick or pole Dy shaving away a shallow groove on each side of the chalk where it is to fit into the fork, and tying it tkere^ In prnning trees it is desirable to give them an even, symmetrical head, and brauches not too crowded and evenlv distributed over every part; and special care must be taken to avoid the common error ofthiriningouf thtbe nnadre of interior of the head, and leaving tbe smaller branches a dense mass over the outside It is better to thin in from the outside where thinning is needed. Butwherethis is not the ease ihere will be occasionally, in nearly all orchards, crooked or crossed limbs that can be profitably spared.— Register of Rural Affairs.

Preventive of Borers.

Aa the season approaches when borers commence their ravages on fruit trees, and the deposit of the eggs has to be guarded against, information on this subject will be in order. As one important precaution,. we would SdVTse against planting shade trees, as mountain ash, near where apple and pear trees are to grow. The borers breed in mountain ash, worse even than In apple trees, possibly because the shade trees are less carefully attended to. A writer In the Prairie Farmer has been experimenting with kerosene, which, though hazardous, seems to have been attended with good results. He says: “The bofert have been troubling us here for several years, more particularly near Chicago, where the maples have been destroyed in great quantities. It remained for the year 1874 to show Us theftdestructive power.' You remember that year was the hottest and dryest dp-record. .The borers then made terrible havoc with

our trees. AU (1)6 mountain ash were destroyed, about four-fifths of the soft maples, two thirds of the elms, and onehalf the ash-leaved maples. The true ashes, willows and poplars were not attacked. A great many trees were killed by the dry weather I think not a single tree of the kind they attacked escaped without more or less Injury. We came to tho conclusion something must be done to destroy or counteract the borer, or that we must stop planting trees. “ We found that in this section the mass of eggs were laid from the last week of May to the first week of July (inclusive), on the Bouth and southwest side of the tree, seldom on the east and never on the the north side. A shaded tree they do not attack, unless it is dying or dead. To shade all our trees was impossible. Heap, if properly applied, we found would keep them out, but would not destroy .their when once they had obtained a lodgment, we found also that a fresh application had to be made after each hard rain, to be effectual. “ Being told that an application o( kerosene would be effectual, we determined to try it, but as no one appeared to be thoroughly posted as to its effects upon the trees, some affirming that it would kill, while others thought not, we concluded first to test it with two soft maples, just at the time the leaves were starting. We cut the bark of one of these in several places, the other we left entire. We saturated them with kdFosene on the south and southwest sides. During the first week the kerosene was distinct to taste and smell; during the second week a slight trace only could be perceived, which entirely disappeared the third week. The buds which were touched by the kerosene were killed, but new buds pushed out and grew vigorously, and the trees grew as well as others in the uurseiy. We applied kerosene the middle of June to over four thousand trees, with apparently irood results. Tke trees grew well and Rave commenced healing wherever previously attacked. There was no sign of a borer on trees washed with the kerosene; even where the trees were dead, the bark was stripped off and no Sign of the borer seen. We shall continue the experiment this year (1876), and note the result. A number of trees were planted on the north and east side of a board fence, and some directly opposite on the south and west side; those on the south and west side -were attacked in proportion to those on the north and east side as three to one, yet the only difference was the partial shade afforded-those-on the-north and-east-“Notwithstanding the foregoing facts, I would not recommend the indiscriminate use of kerosene until the experiment has been more thoroughly tried.” A safer preventive, and effectual if applied before the eggs are laid, is to wash the trunks of trees, liable to be infected, with carbolic acid diluted‘with water. This does no injury to the tree, but it will not avail where the eggs are already deposited. It is very doubtful whether even kerosene will destroy the egg tha) is to hatch out the borer unless the bark is removed sufficiently to bring the oil in contact with the egg .—Rural New Yorker.

The Utilization of Tannery Refuse.

Tannery refuse consist of untanned dried pelt or glue pieces, fleshings, hair, lime deposit and spent tan. The glue pieces are used for two purposes, the principal of which is the manufacture of gelatin and isinglass. For this industry thousands of tons of the scraps are sold, and few would imagine that the delicately tinted and flavored molds of jelly sold by skillfnl confectioners over had their origin in the foul-smelling waste heap of the tan yards. The dry untanned portions find their second utilization in papermaking, and they are also used for the manufacture of peckers or hammers, for knocking to and fro the ever-flying shuttle. Ordinary size is made from the flesh refuse of the hide, and is extensively used by paper hangers, cotton spinners (to give firmness to the tlire id), and carpet manufacturers. As to the hair, there has been little demand for it since speculative builders have discovered a mode by which ceilings can be made to retain "their positions for a time without its use. Unhappily the demand for cheapness (says the Journal of the Society of Arts, whence we take the facts here given) has stimulated the makers of inferior clothing and blanketing to mix hair with wool, thus rendering the fabric heavy without in any way adding to its lyarmth-retaining capacity. Hair is also used in the fabrication of horse cloths and railway rugs, and, strange to add, the cheap (so-called) sealskin jackets largely sold in England are made from the same material. A profitable use for spent tan, other than as fuel, remains yet to bediscovered. Liebig says that it is valuable as a manure when wholly rotten; some have tried to turn it into charcoal, and to light their tanneries with its gas, but the results have not been very satisfactory. A new process for using this refrise instead ot charcoal in the manufacture of tin plates has lately been tried in Wales, and seems likely t > be advantageous aud useful. The lime grounds or deposit, although not used for the purpose, Is an excellent manure. It contains a mixture of salt, blood, lime and gelatin. Its analysis is as follows: Moisture, 54.05; organic matter, 6.80; silica, 2.55; iron ana alumina, 0.84; phosphate of lime, 1,85; carbonate of lime, 12.42; caustic lime, 17.44; common salt, 4.05; total, 100.00.— Scientific American.

Boys’ Clothing.

The prettiest and most becoming style for a boy jast in bis first suit is what is called a blouse, single or double-breasted, loose-fitting, though not of the flaring sack shape, confined at the waist by a belt of the same, and finished at the neck with a simple rolling collar; in length it should almost reach the knee 3. The doublebreasted blouse merely laps across the breast like a man’s coat, and buttons straight down; this is newer than the style which buttons on the shoulder and closes diagonally over the breast. These little garments, when made for even -day wear out of thick material, need no lining. The seams are carefully pressed open and slightly caught dowfi to prevent their curling up; or where there are many seams in a jacket or bloUse, and it. is desired, they may be covered with common skirt braid, hemmed down' so the stitches are not visible on the right side; this gives the coat a neat and handsome appearance on the inside. The bottom is finish&l wi!h a half-inch hem not turned under, but overcast, if the goods are disposed to ravel; Another row of stltchingelose to the edge addS to the finish. After the sleeve is cut the proper length, and before it is cut off at the bottom, it should be widened out to allow for a hem of an inch in depth, so that in turning up the hem it will fit the sleeve. The collar may be lined with crinoline; and in all cases the lining must be a quarter of an inch less in depth than the outside, that it may turn over neatly. Lay the right side of the collar to the wrong side of the coat, baste it on, care being taken not to stretch the neck, and sew on in a small seam; the lining is then hemmed down on the rightslde. The belt fits loosely, and is closed with any sort of buckle, or even A button, and should be strongly tacked 1n place under each arm. 1 Another pretty style is the Bailor suit, though this has become so commonly worn that many are tired of it. The Knickerbocker browsers worn with it when first introduced were abandoned for a while, but tbrf are now seen again on im-

ported eulU and with thorn made at the beet furnishing hoiine*. There are two styles ot the sailor blouse; the one with a rolling collar In front and sailor uhapo behind U the more dressy, as It shows the cramt and a portlon of the shirt-front. It buttons down in front, and yet has the appearance of being fastened by inch-wide ribbons, three of which are fastened on each side and tied in a careless fashion. The bottom of the blouse is finished with an inch-wide hem into which elastic a little narrower is passed, and fastened at each front so as to fit the waist comfortably. The other style is much the same, except that, in order to get it on or off, it haa to be drawn over the head; It saves tlje labor oi making button-holes, being closed up in ttont; but it requires such a tugging and pulling, aud such a sacrifice of patience on the part of the owner, that it ought to be put out of the catalogue entirely. Blouses embroidered In white and gilt are no longer fashionable. Indeed, the general tendency in the fashion of boys’ clothing is to plain styles and simple trimmings. Every mother may be her boy’s -tailor until he reaches that age when he insists upon “ putting away childish 'things." Then an appeal must be made to professional skill; for a home-made coat especially is not generally what it might be. Now and then, however, a woman may be found who haa the beautiAil tact of succeeding in every thing she undertakes.Harp&r'tt Batar.

The Chairs and Desks of Distinguished Dead Senators.

Many of the seats occupied by grave and reverend tlnited States Senators have an interesting history which is known by but few, and to none better than the veteran Capt. Isaac Bassett, assistant doorkeeper of the Senate, who has seen forty-nve years of service in his present position. Capt. Baswott, who is a general favorite with the Senators, retains many cherished reminiscences of great men who -have passed away and who formerly occupied seats in the Senate. Among these are Daniel Webster, John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, Thomas Benton and Stephen A. Douglas. The chairs and desks of these distinguished men are still in use in the Senate, for it is a notable fact that, while the furniture of the House of Representatives is frequently changed, that of the Senate, witli the exception of the carpet, remains substantially as it was half a century ago. lt_is true that when a new State haA been" aefifilfted new "chairs and desks have been made fbr the incoming Senators, but they have been invariably fashioned after the old model. Some of the old chairs have also been reupholstered, but most of them have never been repaired, being apparently as good to-day as they were when first placed in the Chamber. The chairs and desks of Cass, Calhoun, Webster, Clay, Douglas and Benton, as has been said, still remain in the Senate Chamber and are in daily use, but exactly which they are or who occupy them at present Capt. Bassett declines to tell, for the reason that if the fact were known relic-hunters would soon mutilate them beyond recognition. Many ofthen chairs and desks have been changed as regards location, but the Captain has made a mental note of every change, and could if he desired point them out at once. It is known, however, that Mr. Ferry’s seat on the floor is the same as that formerly occupied by Senator Sumner.— Washington Star. ■ Tarsus, Asia Minor, rendered famous as the home of Paul the Apostle, was recently visited by a great conflagration, caused by rots gnawiflg matches in a closed store. The grand bazar and other property was destroyed, at a loss of f760,000. The town has a population of 8,000 in summer and 80,000 in winte’—The strength of wood is greatly increased, according to Herr Hern, by immersing it for two or three days in linseed oil, heated to between 80° and centigrade (185° to 212° Fahrenheit respectively.) Nobody was born or married in Monroe, Mass., last year, and there was but one death.

A Toast.

Two Important Discoveries! The discovery of America by Columbus, and Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery; the one opening up to mankind a uew continent, the other a fountain of health, which is lndisfiensable to the full enjoyment of life and ts blessings. In response to the above sentiment come the unsolicited attestations of tens of thousands of grateful patients, who have been relieved of chronic ailments through its instrumt ntallty. Those voices are limited to no one locality, but from every city, village, and hamlet, in our broad domain, as well as from other climes, and in the strange utterances of foreign tongues, like the confused murmur of many waters, tome unfeigned and hearty commendations, It is, In combination with the Pleasant Dur gative Pellets, the great depurator of the age. Under Its benign action eruptions disappear, excessive waste is eheekedy the nerves are strengthened, and health, long banished from the system, resumes her reigji and re-establishes her roseate throne upon the cheek. All who have thoroughly tested its virtues in the diseases for which it is recommended unite in pronouncing it the great Medical Discovery of the age.

Dr. NrTienck'u IhuKarC RsmedlM. Ths standard remedies for all diseases of the longs an Boh*nc*’s Polmowio Stout, Schkkck's Ska W**n Tovio sad Schsuck's Makdraki Pills, and. If taken before the lungs are destroyed, e speedy cure Is effected. To these three medicinee Dr. J. H. Sehenck, of Philadelphia, owes his nnrivalod success In the treatment of pulmonary diseases. The Pulmonic Syrup ripens the morbid matter in ths lungs: nature throws It off by an easy expectoration, for when the phlegm or matter Is ripe e slight cough will throw ft off, the patient has rest end the lunge begin to heal. To enable the Pulmonic Syrup to no this, Schenck's Mandrake Pills and Schenck's Sea Weed Tonic must be freely need to cleanse the stomach end liver. Schenck's Mandrake Pills act on the liver, removing all obetruettous. relax the gall-bladder, the bile starts freely end the liver Is soon relieved. Scbenok's See Weed Tonic is e gentle stimulant end slterative; the alkali, of which It U composed, mixes with the food and prevents souring It assists the digestion by toning np the stomach to e healthy condition, so that the food and the Pdlmonic Syrup will make good blood; then the lung* heal, ana the patient will surely get well If care 1* taken to prevent fresh cold. < All who wish to consult Dr. Schenek, either personally or by letter, can do no at hit principal office. corner of Sixth sad Axes Sts., Philadelphia, every Monday. Schenck's medicinee are sold by *ll druggists throughout the oountor Tint largest Vinegar Work* in the world are iu Chicago. E. L. Prussian & Co. Proo’s. The Egyptians nstd to worship onions 2,000 years ago, and if anybody knows why an American should now abuse the vegetable let him speak up before any more onion beds are made up.— JJeiroit Free Prete. ________ “No, Mi«. Hurry; nol” said tones of solemn warning. “ Look at MrsBelknap. She wantod a new dress, too; Uud see where she is now 1 Stick to your calico, Mrs. Henry, and avoid the insidious voice of the tempter.” All IheiflvnceuinitlD Hteute. art and civil) ration has dot prevented children from kicking holes through tire -toes of their shoes. Only mrnJIUF&JSPBoot* and Shoes STANDARD made with a., oniYmouriE”rrwwe NORMAN SEW®."*' Bkh / a LI Season. Orders sUoikd be sent in sdfence, to secure prompt service. to EbSHRS >1)1 CAS, &H State St-. Chicago

- L._ .LJL-l-ggg Pkliaoif al, —John W. Haiti*, MonUruma, {SMMBGIMiS S 2 proved to be the beet medicine In my csss that I ever eaw. We believe It to be one of the best wodteioee In the universe.” Acs yoor druggist for “Dr. Sykes' Sure Cure for Catarrh," or tend Ten Cent* to Dr. C. K. Sykes, 100 E. Mr.dUon Bt., Chicago, 111. FufufiTunn Is sold by Holton A Hildreth, 1425 and 327 State Bt., Chicago, lower than any house In the West. Goode are Uratcl***, 820 i a ! ia-^as , Bsuaisftt EKKK GIFT of a Flann tar distributing oar clrctttof*. V Aauraaa 11. O. Sear York. AA EXTRA FINE MIXED CARDS, with name, dEW 10 cts., postpaid. L.JoaaaffCo, Naaaat UH.t. Housekeapers rejoice. AGENTS make money wllk •or ft saw artlclaa. Cirnru 4 COl. Cbeahlra^*. o (Uitfk a day at home. Sample* worth St amt «Dtl H free. ttTtuao* * Co.. Portland. Me. - at Home. Agent* wanted. Out't and eP 16 terms Dec. Address TRUE * CO.. Auguna,hle. $lO 8 $25 AK TISITIXG CARDS, with name. JDcto. W* bare TtrJall the latent style*. Agents'Outfit! wofhc.tUmp*. A. W. Mellow an A Co., Frankfort, Herkimer Co., N.Y. coders wnmaSSSSS ■■■■■■■■■■■■■dWleatown, Mae*. Bft 3 Hi) Bwfil moderate. I.oootestimonials. sth WWW IWIrl year of unparalleled success. Describe cue. Address Dr. F. £. Marsh, Quincy, Mich. /\YTb U If UUrand Morphine IlaMt absolutely and N 1 BJ H II §SI speedily cured. Painless mo public!1H [ 3 II Fal ty. Bond Stump for particulars. Dr. v/ *- A U -UAcarlton. IF? Wathlntrton-st.Chlcago A KOSTB.- Agents wanted everyr'yU J ik\ fi Q whore. Duetces# honorable and ttrstlUVi/Vib Sol cia-s. Particular* sent free, AJdrcar lltffajV V JOHN' WORTH A CO.. St. Louis, Mo. JPRR WEEK GUARANTEED TO ■ A gents Male end Female, tn their own lo*J cillty ferru* and Outfit Fan. Add res* if P.O. VICKERY A CO.. Angiodu. Maine. PRAIRIE LANDS. Send your addreu on POSTAL CARD to Land Corny B. A M IC R.. Burlington, lowa, and racelT* FREE, Copy of lowa dk Nab. Farmer. wit* Ciaitot Lavas. BOOK I WOOpj 4k BANKET.—The wwrw I only original,authentic,and comaetwaawa I plete record of theae men and AvENTOtlihflr work*. Betrareof Imitation* Bend for circular*. Ag.'»cie*n PnM'g Co. Chicago. IIL REVOLVERS Ilgwra* $3.00 ridgNfhrta. Full Nickel ffjn. PaiitfaettM IHuKrated Citato— iTsa. Addnoa WESTERN OUH WOBKB.CnoaM.IIL mm Visiting Camls. with yonr name finely KZn printed, sent for 25c. We nsve 10v style#. 3U CENTENARY It beats them all. Entirely new. Distinguished author. Splendidly Illustrated. ACENiS WAKTED. “Outvits Fixx.” M UTCAL BOOK CO.. Chicago, 11L VEGETABLE*—ST". I I . IT-MT-I and Flower K—J r 1! r l l I /|D SWCatalogues Free. HOVEY & CO., 141 State street, Chicago, 111. they claim.'-Wseilv fjt fc—jagFJuri. C.F.WIn*rt«AC». ACENTB.b’SUWuT« 3 for clrcntormto American Publishing Co.. Chicago. HL WANTED If JULXI A 1.11/ a month, and traveling txpentcapaid. Mojutox Maa’r’o Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Tim . ELIZA circafin, iiuctlflf I YOUNG. Z'XX&c.’SZ’&Zg'Z 5.000 tmwjgsg\ Hfettg felted. All the new and standard Novelties and Chromes, Prize Package*. Watches, Jewelry, etc. Special terms given to Agent* everywhere. We send Valuable Sample! with Cir ulara of our Good* Fret to all. K. L. FLETCHER. 11l Chamber* St. New York. DMIBMITotir Name Elegantly Print* 1 W«l‘li» ed on 1* Txixsfabuv Visitiio W*4ar Cards,for 25 Cents. Rack ear* eoatato* ■ nse lavtslM. enbl held lowed. the light Nahtng Uft mem ever before offered In Ameriea. Big ladaeemnta te Ageat.. Novsltt Pai.Tiao Wong*. Artland, Mam. 2 1 m tak m TbeOrittaelOlftkeok Zater, A _#l lU * prise, now In Us 22nd yesr. s H I dtstellmlln* Silk Drsssa, Gold ® ■> m “ Watches, Sliver sad ttaeful article* or alt Made, FREE 1° every purchaser of a book. Warned Joint* sod others to send for ouresudofu* tad terms. WM. FLINT, ISO g.sth BtPfa tloUqPa.

YOUNG BlfgHi supply all operators hired oy Metropolitan snd American District Telegraph Cos., Chicago. Send fbr drew lor. S. W. Tklkokaph Ikstitutk, Janesville, W’ls. SCHOLARSHIPS In rerions WEBTEBN BtTMHESS COLLEGES fbr •ale at a discount. Address E. K. Plan. 7» Jookeefret. Chicago, IIL __ FRINK LESLIE’S weekly by canvaaatng for It; 11M page*, SO UlustreUous, fi.JI) yearly, with elegant Chromo. Seed U 9 ets. for copy end term* to rust Lbslib. Dew York. STOP-“sswias»£-’KSSs.« W ■ VI cent and salable picture ever offered ■J fee I" to ag*ts. Send for our special circular M |W slid sccDre territory. National Copy- ■ ■ fcw IV Co.. 124 W. MadUon-aL, Chicago. ALL ABOUT GARDENING. for Home Use sad Mr Market, la ROOT'S OAR. DEN MANUAL.. Contains half*, much as «U 0 books os ths subject. Sent postpaid for 10 tub. J. B. ROOT. Seed Grower. Rockford,lll. #*u ipiftA Ocaranteed to do doable the work y ■V" ” of common tempers. Township* SCRAPER ean take them on trial. Price SIS. amb Send for Manual of Road-Making aiwauwß a Ditching, free. Address Chicago PITCHER. Scraper A Dltebe- Co.. Chicago.

r ,I.MAPn t Z n LNGPsAVE’Ro^WQOU •< 70 laSall£~ S f ; :, gMjCAGO. — urntmm Mb—ws in 11 —■ 11 ein shiiiiiNßffSwMhMNimm**®a*e—w-«*1

TO BAVK MONET, evotd annoyanceand[lean some of the "short-cuts" in traveling ondslght-see-lng. reed “ Hlnta for the Centennial." Practical sagget lons and Information. True economy for every Sue expecting to attend the Exposition to bur It. Get It now to help mature plana. By mail * cento. Circular free. KIMBALL A GO. Box 1034 New Orleans. HEALTHFUL AND ELIGIBLE HOMEB In a Pleasant Climate. Pood opening for CapOalUti, Umnufacturert, litnert, Afr nJturatuti Ml alliert. A request, by postal card, addressed to Hon. TV. Moody. Tarcalooea, Alabama, will secure a pamphlet of reliable Information, free. jVtnPEXTER*’ Manual.—A practical guide te V all operations of the trade; drawing for carpenters, forma or contract., specification*, plane, etc.. 11lust rated, IMS eta. PAINTEUV Manual. -House snd sign,painting, graining, varnishing, polishing, kslsomlnlng, papering, lettering, staining, gilding, etc.. SO cts. Book of Alphabet*. 91). Scrolls and Orna ments. 11. Watchmaker and Jeweler. SO. Boopmaker, 25. Taxidermist, 90. Hunter and Trapper's Guide. 30. D-jg-Trsiulng, 25. Improvement of Memory, 19. Guide ' to Authorship. 9a Lightning Calculator, *. Horaeshoer. 25. Rogue* and llognerles of S. Y_ 25. Of booksellers or by meU. JKSBE HANKY * CO.. U* Ksesau St.. N. X. IV> lIAY DERRICKS X Hay carriers Horse day forks, eu, I |/\\THE YZJtT BEST. WAWNL ‘gran A '°°aa mssul So Long aa tbey Live. Evert Family cam flH.ve «t Cota BUSS’ Patent Fire Kiadliag PELLETS. Oe tvctdpt of One Dulls.sal will seed by returu boy or girl can make them. Cost five rents tor kindling one hundred fine. Sample tolls Of Tem Pellet* NuppSHsaSSr:

fOrenfUtH oat aodtaetoe.lt tanwrltotoU S. - i i,»i ma—si tam—. New Englandert el fin West honeehoUMala letter, from abroad/jmeinajmjS* *r matters usually found In a ffmtclasa literary w*efcly. Only IQ a year, tn advance, peerage paid-. « tor sit montha The eßromo “ Among r|, e l«Uea>lOa% ora pair of smaller chromos. ‘*l>ellght sad Atone,” sent by mall to any who pay a year In toVßMtopi who send 10 cento ertra to cover expense of BHatotot JCa ‘DOMESTIC” PAPER EA3HKMM. The Beet Pattern* made. Send Beta. f«r CWtato^a Address DOMESTIC SEWIKG MACEUTI 0& AaiaTiiw*. *6» _ MEW YQML ninns FOR SI.OO, POSTPAID. In order Mu* evarytxidy may b* enabled to tafoaltto great Story and Family Newap*per. w* bar* I SnatoaJ to offer H tin Jon. llhflw ‘ LARGEST, HANDSOMEST, BEST, aad moat widely otrcnlatad Nampa;*, fat to* Wnto Slid mofiST sddrssssd THE LEDGER, Oncaee tot. to the meonftuttnre of Batter nod Cheeae hi toothto panUnaUrnodet^f* 1 Send for Circular. Madison Lake Oa^h Smith Organ Co, BOSTON, MAM. These Standard Instruments Sold by Music Dealers Everywtae. AGENTS VAKTED IS ETEKY TOWS. • SOLD THkOVaBOUT THZ L'gITXD (TaTX* O* TtU . VNOTPALIsMENT PLAN ? That la, oa.System oi jaostbiy Faymeala Pnrchaaer* should aak for the Bwith Aasemawtoa bjlM. Catalogue* nod tall pa tluulara on aei.llwdhm WHY WILL j t M *Culler^**tor and Gla**ware when $1 will bay the tnr./ aw *ettcle*. It 1* a fad that the JT. E. Dollar date of Bostoto Is. does, and haa for yean been suiting an ianae variety of good* well worth &to *S, at only <m doetor. 810 trill go a* far as sl3 If you will oatodw Here what we my and boy where you miff cheapest. 9000 elegant new fl and IS hooka all forffL Wry and Fancy Good*. Gmcerle*. Spice*, ff**g half the usual price*. There la no - ticket’" trtekem no lottery, no delay*. All order* fllled paempCK. Goods aciit C. O. D. Yon dan see them before pajiaE We need agents and want YOU u- give us a trtot ladle* and others can raise clubs for a* and mate leryo pay. We dealt with fiWI people In i>c.. in. (Uveae me trial and like thousands of other*, ate k*ow w» •ball secure yonr continued patronage. W« aafl MB article tarn, or give splemlfd premtann tar etotot Tar us and sag. We cannot bens give w tac * would fill the entire paper. Oor house toendeiarfflff the beat merchant* and pa pets of Boston and by NMf patron*. 89.000 patron* bought of us ta ffiV Beaff *(IW for our areal circulars. Address H. OUMtsTOff ff CO.. K. I. DOLLAR BALE. « Broiufleld BL, tom too, Maas.

KpppM eeffiWLtiF* i|S.»CO tc be tir.oegtLe.rig lUWWilrf- p I rtNMTCNNJAI. PRYMriW*. i ttrf*£i? u£- ,jjaK pVBO.tc to swarded f-wtfee \mt eA&iijuidmiSri wu,i:ltn, -no 1 e,k c:tX riutsto- a IntredTO.'dhyuetlrdWiaa. --rTaiiiaSL for ,h « best and most ymsaa iltitT rerdliurn mined this yvarfttsn Pringle-* IXybrldlzed PoeaSw ; The coßcetiens icr ehic'Bws iso* iwo premiums of nrn «f »r< d vi'lte exhibited a. Lit* Centennial Evfubitu-n, in I'htlsdehvhia-inOeSafaer *y-i preminihs wl,l hq awarded by their cemmbtea. 1 or condition* mid fell tvertieeltt* rend for cur PstMo Premium CireflUr,- tnnited free to all. t..n» adosoriptive list ot 2300 varieties of Ganjen-FieM end Flower Seed A with erpTlcft directions forcattmn, It) ns res, several hand red eat-mvirge. sndabeauriaa^ r}ar*rn, TM-l ami FUrrer 110 psfee.beSUtiIcjiv illustrated, mailed to all eoplw-ants inclnsturMWts ntlus’elltustrtatod rstalsCatslsrieenMw a descriptive Uet of all the new varieties reeeutbrMoab. k. Bliss a sorts, T.O. DoX No. 3713. S 4 Burr'fiy gf,K.T. IWNBUSKIW’S FBflGMirt SO2ODOKT

•

Gmmsjmimmt

AND INTTOORATEa AM HARDENS THE SUMS I It imparta a delightfully retmUqg taste and ftseling to the mouth, xmoh lag ell TAUTAK »d B€CRF Imm the teeth, completely ametlng ißefte pw» of decay, and whlteahm perU aa have become black hf ma§IMPURE BREATH caused by Bad Teeth, Tobaewy NgjjjL op Catarrh, is neutraliaed by«h«d*% s*>of H , K SOZODONT It is as harm!** M M» by Drenftt* «4 Ikehre te Iteyßwte bottle will ff* fifes iitontlM L*— *-? ■*■**»- A- He Kb* »•*_ MMB «W