Crawfordsville Record, Volume 4, Number 47, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 30 April 1836 — Page 1

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MB ILK RECORD

"liberty and UNION Now and forever, one and inseparable." Volume IV. Number 47. CRA WFOUDSV1LLE, INDIANA, A V II 1 L 3 0, 1 8 3 6 . Whole Number 203.

PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY I. F. WADE, 1 acids are the best for mnovW alAt two dollars per annum payable in ad-, knlies, as tht'ir action is mor mild, vance,or within three months after the j nm consequently there is less lantime of subscribing: two dollars and nftv c .1 .1 . r cents within the year; or three dollars af. jger of iheir injuring thu texture of

ter the year expires. No naper will be discontinued unless)

at our option without special notice and inj. s x jron lllot9 nrul all oilier payment of all arrearages. . 1 11 Advertisements, not Weeding twelve j s,:,u,! o( ar removed hy a solines in leng'h, will be inserted three i lution of oxalic in water. 'J lio oxtimes for one dollar; and twentyfive cents, alic acid dissolves the iron without

lor each subsequent insertion. Advertise - mcnts, for a limited time, or from a distance, must Ixi paid for in advance; otherwise they will be continued at the expense of the advertiser. Letters on business must be post-paid. N W J d d .1 -JW W !SJ . l'r'ii the Genesee Fitnvr. ART OF REMOVING STAINS FROM CLOTH. Formerly tin; art of removing stains, aiio restoring uu original eo-; lor, consisted of an almost endless number, and v.n undigested mass, of recipes. From an ignorance o' the action of ihe suhst.-iuees applied, thrv were often used with the greatest uncertainty of success. The application of chemical principles has cuahb d us to alojt a more certain and systematic mode of attaining this o! j -ct, which is at once simple ami effectual. The ait require-, first a knowledge of the different substances producing stains. Secondly of those substances by which stain tnav be removed. Ami, thinllv a knowledge of the original coloring matter of the article, of the actiou of the substance' applied upon it, and upon the stuff, and of those substances which wiil reestablish the faded color. I. Among the most common stains are those of grease, and oils generally, acids, alkalies, iron nnt, sweat, fruits, &c. Some of these. as greise spots and stains of fruit, are easily Known; unite some 01 1 the others are more difficult to be distinguished. These difficulties are, hovvever, often in a great measure overcome by observing the changes which a-e effected in the color of the stuff. A-ils, for instance, are generally thus known: They redder hlaek,browii,&, violet dyes, and all blue colors except Prussian blue ami indigo. Yellow colors are generally rendered paler by them, except die color of annatto, which becomes orange. Alkalies generally cause red colors to become viob t, and blues to become green. Green woolen cloth is changed by them to yellow, yellow to brown, and annatto to a lively red. Sweat consists priripally of water, with a small quantity of muriate of soda, acetic acid; it iheref.re produces nearly the same e fleets as the acids generally. 2. (reaseand oil spots arc removed by alkalies soap, yolk of eggs', or by essential oils dissolved in alcohol. The most t fT dual mode of removing grease. spot from coarse articles, or those when the color will not he ii jured hy it, is by a solution of pearl. h. In finer stuffs ammonia is preferable, ;t it rapidly volatizes and is l ss liable to ii jure ihe color. (Urease spots on colored silk are removed by putting chalk dust upon them and suffering it to remain a few hours, until it has absorbed the grease. Oils and grease which volatize at a temperature sufficiently low, may be expelled by applying heat. Stains of acids are destroyed by alkalies and stains of alkalies by acids. Caution is necessary in applying them,tousu no greater quantity than is sufficient to neutralize die Flaming substance, as too gte.it a quantity might produce an opposite evil. They must therefore- heapplied gradually and in small quantises at a time. For the same reason, ammonia is found best for removing acids, and the vegetable

the cloth.

Oxide or ru?t of iron, common , ::-: :fl mn lpast ,, u,v,,m, (f the stuff and'the yellow oxalate of iron which i.-j' thus., produced, and which is soluble, readily removed bv washing or soaking in water. Ink spots, (tanno gallate of iron,) upon the leaves of printed books, engravings pin4.s, .and s forth, may be thus completely obliterateii, widtout defacing the print, as the aeul has no action cm the printeiV. mU. which is colored by lamp black. Where ink spots have been lreh, we have succeeded in restoring the paper in a very few minutes, almost to its original whiteness, with perfect ea-e by applying oxalic acid and by subsequent wash ing; while not the slightest change was observed in the marks of the print. Old ink spots, and especially those of very black ink, are more difficult to remove. Stains of fruit on white stuffs are readily removed by a dilute solution of chlorine or of sulphuru a'-id. Z dphurous acid is perhaps still tetter, bring less liable to 111ujure the texture of the cloth ; to apply it, the clo'h is simply moistend and exposed to the vapor of the burning sulpher. Where it is practicable to use chlorine in a gaseous state, it is preferable to a solu ion. there being less danger of injuring the cloth. Compound spots, are more difficult to remove; and they require IdihVrent applications according to the respective natures ot the com ponent parts of the substances can sue the stain. Thus, for instance. grease from wheel work, requirefirst that the grease should be dissolved by an alkali, and then the iron is removed by oxalic acid. 3. Where the stuffs an? 1101 while, but have la-en colored b des, those substances should be employed to rcuiovethe stain, w hicb will not change the color of the dve. Or if this can not he done, and the substance' applied alters the color, a knowledge ot those subst inces is necessary which will reestablish tincolor: If, for instance, an alkali habeen employed to remove- an acid from a viob t blue or red cloth, and a yellow spot remains, a solution el tin will reestablish the color. For brown cloths so ii jured, a solution of sulphate of iron r coppciamust he used. Or where spots of ink 01 iron would have been removed by oxalic acid, the color ma be restored by an alkali or a solution of tin. This branch of 0111 sn' j ct is too extensive for our pres- J ent limits, and those who wish to pur-ue :he subject, we refer to woiks on dyeing, ai:d that department of chemistry which relates to it. From the Grcnsbvrg (Li ) Repository. HURRICANE ! On the evening of the Gdi instant, (April) a most violent hurricane crossed the north part of Ripley county. It took the roof off the dwelling house, kitchen, and stable of Mr. Charles Watson, vho keeps a public house at the Laugherv bridge, on the road from this place to Law renceburg. The entire upper story of the stable w as blow n down. Some of die materials were carried n distance of two hundred and fifty yards. The standing timber was throw n down almost entire. Another. On the same day a siorrn, if possible, more violent and destructive in its effects, passed aeross the north part of this county, (Decatur,) leveling every thing in

its course, throwing down timber,

fences, unroofing barns and houses, demolishing chimney,atid in somt instances the walls of brick houses have been materially injured. Some of the materia s rninnosin" the roofs of some buildings, were found between a hall a mile and a mile distant. Loirs of 2 to 3 feet in diameter wvru lifted from their ben's and carried from 30 to 40 yards. A wagon body was lifted off the wagon, and part of it found a mil distant. No lives were lost. An immense amount of damage Ins be n done to tin which it passed. farms through New York canals. The commissioners of the New York canal fund made their annual report to die legislature ol that state, 011 the 15th instant, from whit h it appears that the grand total of the tolls on ihee canals, is one million five hundred ami forty-eight thousand one hundred and eight dollars uui sixtv five cents which is about two hundred thousand dollars more than the tolls of the previous season. TH '. E VST AND THE WEST. The Phi:aJe'ph:a Commercial List, of the 13 Ji, says, that during the preceding week four dol.ars per hundred was paid lo.-wagoning goods fiom Philadelphia to Pittsburg. The canals are still cosed. That, it is known, is the most active season of the year for the transportation of j. oois from the cast to the west. Suppose a merchant has two wagon loads of six thousand pounds each; he pays, for carriage to the Ohio river, four hundred and eighty dollars. Were the Baltimore and Ohio rail roal completed, they wou'd be brought for four cents per ton peiVmle; and six tons would cost, from Baltimore to Wheeling, (337 miles, the southern route.) eighty dollars and eighty-eight cents, showing a saving of four bund re t dollars within a few cents. Add to this the further saving of ten to twelve days in the time occupied, and the fact that the merchant, after buying his goods in Baltimore, can see them first on the cars, and travel with them as quickly as without, and we think a pretty strong argument is made out in favor of beginning the rail load without further delay. Wheeling Gazitte. AMER CAN ENERGY. A merchant from New York was at a London cotTee house, in Ludgatehiil, w hen the news of tire great fire which lately occured in the citv of New York arrived. His premises were totally consumed, and he found himself, as in a moment, a ruined man. His plan, however, was instantly formed. In fifteen minutes fro. n the time his eyes had rested on the paper, a chaise and four was at the door, in which he hurried to Dover. Arriving in the night, he hired a steam beat for seventvfive guineas, which soon landed him at Calais. Thence he hastened, with all possible expedition, to Lyons, fie reached that citv eight hours before the news of the fire, and employed his time in purchasing silk goods to such an extent, and on such terms, as to secure a profit of at least twenty-five thousand pounds the destruction, being principally of French silks, and so large an amount as to require all the existing stock at Lyons to make it good. London paper. AN ITINERANT HORSE. Bishop M'Kend ree's ce!ebiated horse, called "Old Grey," as we learn fiora an esteemed correspondent, died on the 3J of August, in his 3 d year. The bishop obtained him when he was eight years old. and, during the six following years, lode him thirty thousand miles; and alter this he made extensive journeys. Such was the good bishop's regard for this faith ful relic of his traveling day, that he remembered him in his will, left him twelve acres of land for his exclusive grazing while he lived, and expressed his wish that his carcass should be buried after death. Western Mtth-ulift. PRINTER'S PROVERBS. P.iy thou the printpr in the d ty tint thnn iwest hirn, that tJieevil day m:;y le fr off, Inst the yood man of the law sendeth thee thy bill : Greeting, Ktiim inttT him of thequiU. fnd the devils around him, -nd when thu wedde.t thy daughter to a man of her choice, send t:.ou unto him a bouuiiftil slice of the hrid d loaf. Borrow not that f.ir which thy neighbor hath paid, but go and buy for thyself of him who hath to sell. Thou shall eot read thv neighbor's pnner. nor molest hirn in llie peaceful (tosseesion of H, lest thou standest condemned in the sight of him who driveih the quill, and thy character be hawked about by poor children.

VIEW OF RLL1G IONS. The following table, compiled from the of

ficial publications of the several sects, is supposed to affird a f.ur view of the comparative strength of the different religious denominations in the United States. The figures do not, of course, indicate members in full communion; but the whole number of people who manifest a preference fur this or that persuasion. New Yorker.

Baptists, 4,300,000 Methodists, 3,000,000 Presbyteri;.ii?, 2,000,000 Ci .ngreg t i malists, 1 ,4 00,000 Roman Catholics, N00,000 Kpiscop deans, GoO.OOO Uubers.dists, 6JU,00 Luiber ns 540,000 Dutch Reformed, 4."i0,000 Christians, 300,000 Friend, 220,000 Unitarians, ltO.OOO Mir nv mites, 12,000 Tunkers, 10,000 Sh..kers, 0,000 Moravians, 5,75 Sweddiborghn?, 4,000

From the. Tennessee Farmer. Washington county, East Tenn. J.idge Emm -rson: Having for many ye irs leeii troubled, more or less, every year, with the worm-' on my cabbage, and having, after many experiments, at leiig-h found a penect r medv anj certain cure, 1 communicate it to you for the benefit of the public. These voracious reptiles are most numerous, and most destructive to the cabbage, about the line it begins to head at which time, t-.ke .f green elder leav,-s, (in quantity proporined to the number of cablnges on which 1 here are worms ) put ihem in a tub or mrtar, and b -at theuiwell, after which, pour in c d i water until perfectly covered ; let ilum stand in this situation about twenty four h -urs, after which take as mmy as you can well hold in your two Inmls, and sp'inkle 11 on the heads attacked; and if, perchance, there should be, down in the leaves, below ihe head, some hidden vermin, which do not gt any of the above described medicine, reeat it; once will be sufficient; and after this has leen carefully dime, th'y will very soon all dmpnffand expire. By going this pl ice-in your valuable paper, the F irmet, you will much oblige A subsckibek. Force of prejudice. The pnjudice of our f.rmeis agiinst new implements, new modes .f culture, and what they are pleased to call book farming, brings to mind a historical fct, strongly illustrative of the un reasonableness of vulgar prejudice. Walter Blith obse ves, th t "it ws n-t many years since the famous ci'y of London petitioned the parliament of England against two nuisanctp, and these were Newcastle coals, in regard t their stench, &.C, and hojiep, in regird they would pp yle the taste of drink, uid endanger the people." These two nuisances have since In-come almost indispensable necessaries to the good people of Loudon. And it will be found that what the illiterate ndbgoted firmer nj cts as useless, will s on be found necess.ry to successful fuim mg. Cultivator. Care and maitajren cut f tools. The g. odness of siws, cl.is- Is, md other edge tools, 1. pends upon the quality of ihe Steel, whirh should be unifoim without, and it is alw ys letter to have them temp-red too hard than too sof ' r use will reduce the temper If you wish to restore the temper, and 10 perforin the operation yourself, the best method is to melt a sufficient quantity f lead to immerse the cutting of the tool. Having previously brightened its suif.ee, then plunge it into the melted lead for a few minutes, till it ge?s sufficiently hot to melt a candle, with which rub its sniface, then plunge it in again and ke p it there until the sTeel assumes a straw color, (hut be careful not to let it turn blue;) when that is the . ase. take it out, rub it again with the fallow, and let 1 ami; if it should be loo soft, vvip; the grease off and repeat tie proctSf. without the tall.-w.und when sufficiently hot plunge it into cold spring water or watt-rand vinegar mixed. By a proper attention to ?lese ilir ctions, and a little prat tice, every workman will have il in his power to give a projer temjier to the tools he may use. If a saw is too hard, ii may be tempered by the same means If you are near a plumbei's shop, you may repeat the process conveniently and without expose, when they are melting a pot of lead. In otlier cutting tools you must wait till the steel just begins to turn blue, which is a temper that will give it more elasticity, and at the same time sufficient hardness. Elder boughs for sheep $v- A corresrespondent with the signature B , from Bridgep ift observed, "Instead of tar, turpen tine, resin, and spirits of turpentine, in mid winter, and towards spring, when sheep are lookii.g for some green thing, and finding none, I give them elder boughs, which they feed on with sufficient avidity fur medical purj)ofes, and thus, I think, very much promote their health and appetite, if any of the above thitigs are absolutely necessaiy tho' I do not know for what particular diseases they are recommended, I should prefer the resin in powder, as that may correct the cough, which often prevail among old and pot.r sheep; and I know it to be a remedy for the heaves, by giving to the horse a table spoonful, with the same quantity of nitre

j finely powdered, and given once a dy ii

his mess. I have several times stopped tho disease, when coming on, in three successive d:iys. Greenland Chron. Items from Niles1 Register of April 9. We learn from Richmond, Virginia, under date of April 52, that the resignaMon of gov. Tazewell has actually taken place, and the executive duties are now performed by lieut. governor Robertson. Governor T. has left this city for his residence ir. Norfolk. The bill which has been for some time before the legislature of Massachusetts proposing to create a bank wnh a capital of ten millions, was indefinitely postponed on Thursday last week, by a vote of 2G1 to 89. It is said that schemes for rail roads are before the British parliament, involving an expenditure of upwards ot two hundred millions of dollars. When the public arsenal at Frankfort, Ky.f blew up, and all its arms supposed to be destroyed, it was found, on digging among the lubbih. that a br iss field piece h id remained uninjured. The history of this piece is interesting. It was, in the first place,capiured from Biugoyne at Sntoga, afterwards surrendered 10 the British by General Hullretaken by the army under Gen. Harrison, at the battle of the Thames, presented hy Congress to Gov. Shelby, ami by him to the state ot Kentucky L-ind is selling at Dunkirk, about 30 miles west of Buff do, on L.ke Erie, at four thousand doJI.ns an acr- fur lots only half a mile out of the town. Dunkirk has one of the finest h irb-.rs on thelik-, and is just within the line dividing INew York from i'ennsylvania. Such is the anxiety to increase the tultare of silk m New Eigiai.d, that the Seed of the white mulberry sells for 7 50 per pound. Some persons were stgacious enough last summer to foresee this, and will realize no mean fortunes. We are gratified to observe, siys the New Jersey Stale Gazette, an increasing attention o the culture of silk. Fie compmies were incorporated by our legislature to prosecute ibis business, one of which is located in Trenton. There are 28 banks at Boston, with an ag gregate capital of eighteen millions one hundn d and fifty thousand dollirs; on which an average dividend was made, for the last six montns, of rather Jess than three per dentin all five hundred and forty three thousand dollars. The surplus revenue has increased, is in creasing, and must he diminished. The amount of public moneys in the deposite banks, by the returns to (or nearest to) ihe first of March, had increased to thirty-three millions and seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars. It is stated in the New-berg Gazette, that hundreds of cattle are dying in Orange co-., New Yoik, from the want of food and the unexampled severity of the winter &. spring. It is estimated that one tenth of all the cattle and sheep of Orange county, had perished previous to the deep snow of Tuesday, which must greatly increase the distress of the farmers. The average depth of snow and ice is now stated say ten d ays ago, to be about three feet over the whole county, and there can be no prospect of any grazing tint; M.j. In the mean timp, the trck of hay ami grain has been distributed until few farmers have retained sufficient to last until the middle of April. James Buchanan, esquire, his Britanir majesty's consul at New York, has presented to ihe United States Naval Lyceum, in th:.t cry, a full length portrait of his majesty, king William the fourth. Five hundred thousand dollars worth of whips are annually made in the town of West field, Massachusetts. Many persons are employed especially females in weaving and plaiting. A screw manufacturing cnrtpiny has been formed at Scenectady, which it is expected, will turn off five bundled gross per day of wood screws of all s;zts, from a half an inch to three inches. Hudson tunnel Our readers are aware that a project is on foot for constructing a tunnel under the Hudson river at Albany, where it is more than half a mile wide. The Albany Advertiser says This pnj-ct is no jes It is believed the stork will be immediately taken up, and that the wotk can be done for about $300,000." On the 2d instan', the Hudson was opened to navigation only so far as West Point. It was thought that Newberg would be rea ched by steamboats on Monday the 4th. The New York Journal of Cwr.merco states that a new steamboat, of grest length and power, has been put upon the line between that c ity and INew Haven, One made an experimental trip, and accomplished the distance (usually stated at eighty-four miles by water,) in four hours and a half or at the rate of about eighteen miles an hour.