Crawfordsville Record, Volume 4, Number 32, Crawfordsville, Montgomery County, 2 January 1836 — Page 2

CRA WPORDSVILLE RECORD.

scribe respecting the custody oi'thc public moneys:, it is desirable that as little discretion as may be deem

ed consistent with their safe keep ing, should be given to the exeeutive agents. No one can be more deeply impressed than I am with the soundness of the doctrine which restrains and limits, by specific provisions, executive discretion, as far as it can be done, consistently with the preservation of its constitutional character, in respect to the control over toe public moneys this doctrine is peculiarly applicable, and is in harmony with the great principle, which 1 felt I was sustaining, in the controversv with the bank of the United States, which resulted i:i severing, to some extent, a dangerous conncction between a moneyed and political power. The duty of the legislature to define, by clear and positive enactments, the nature and extent of the action which it belongs to the executive to superintend, springs out ofa policy analogous to that which enjoins upon all the branches of the federal government an abstinence from the exercise of powers not clearly granted. In such a government, possessing only limited and specific powers, the spirit of its general administration cannot be wise or just, w hen it opposes the reference of all doubllnl points to the great source of authority, the states and the people whose number and diversified relations, securing them against the influences and excitements which may mislead their agents, make them the safest depository of power. In its application to the executive, with reference to the legislative branch of the government, the same rule of action should make the president ever anxious to avoid the exercise of any discretionary authority which can be regulated by congress. The biases which may operate upon him will not be so likely to extend to the representatives of the people in that body. In my former messages to congress, I have repeatedly urged the propriety of lessening the discretionary authoritv lodged in the various departments; but it has produced no effect, as yet, except the discontinuance of extra allowances in the army and navy, and the substitution of fixed salaries in the latter. It is believed that the same principles could be advantageously applied in all cases, and would promote the efficiency and economy of the public service, at the same time that greater satisfaction and more equal justice would be secured to the public officers generally. The accompanying report of the ecretary of wor, will put you in possession of the operations of the department confided to his care, in all its diversified relations, during the past year. I am gratified in being able to inform vol?, lhat no occurrence has required any movement of the military force, except sucii as is common to a state of peace. TiiO ser vices of the army have been Iimiteu to their usual duties a the various garrisons upon the Atlantic and in land frontier, with the exceptions stated by the secretary of war. Our small military establishment appears to be adequate to the purposes for which it is maintained; and it iorms a nucleus around which any" additional force may be collected, should the public exigencies unfortunately require any increase of our miliary means. X ,JvJ ill, 13 Ul congress

which ha0 recently passed in re-(condition of this race, and ought lationto the ar.v, have improved to be persisted in till the ohjecMs its condition and ha?li rendered ;ts accomplished, and prosecuted with organization more useiuJ anu effi-s .ns much vigor as a just regard to cient. It is at all times in a state j their circumstances will permit,and for prompt and vigorous actioi?;' s fast as their consent can be oband it contains within itself thplfoneri. All preceding experiments

power of extension to any useful limit; while, at the same time, it preserves that knowledge, both theoretical and practical, w hich education and experience alone can give; and which, if not acquired and preserved in lime ot peace,

must be sought under great disadvantages in time of w ar. j

Much loss and inconvenience have been experienced in consc - qnence of the failure of the bill containing the ordinary appropria - Hons for fortifications, w hich pass - ed one branch of the national legis - jlaturc at the last session, but was;

lost m thcother. This failure was it possible, to preserve and pernetthe more regretted, not only be-i tinte the scattered remnantsof this

cause it necessarily interrupted and i

delayed the progress of a system of : borders. In the discharge of this ! niatory appeals addressed to the national defence, projected imme-; duty an extensive region in the passions of the slaves, in prints, and diatcly after the last war, and since west has been assigned for their m various sorts of publications, calstcadily pursued, but also because ! permanent residence. It has been ciliated to stimulate them to insurit contained a contingent appro-j divided into districts and allotted a-jrccUon ard to produce all the horpriation, inserted in accordance j mong them. JUany have already j rors of a servile war. with the vie.vs of the executive, in; removed, and others are preparing There is doubtless no respectaaid of this important object, and j to go; and with the exception of i hie portion iof our countrymen who other branches of the national dc-j two small bands, living in Ohio j can l)e so jar misled, as to feel any fence, some portions of which might J anl Indiana, not exceeding fifteen other sentiment than that of indighave been most usefullv nrmlind ! hundred nersons. and of the Chrr-I ,,am regret at conduct so destruc-

during the past season. I invite j your early attention to that part of! the report of the secretary of war; which relates to the subject, and j recommend an appropriation sufli-1 ciently liberal to accelerate the ar-! mament of the fortifications, agree ably to the proposition submitted by him, and to place our whole Atlantic seaboard in a complete state ol defence. A just regard to the per manent interests of the country evidently requires this measure, but there are also other reasons which, at the present juncture, give it peculiar force, and make it my duty to call to the subject your special consideration. The present system of military education has been in operation sufficiently long to test in usefulness, and it has given to the army a valuable body of officers. It is not alone in the improvement, discipline, and operation of the troops, that these officers are employed. They are also extensively engaged in the administrative and fiscal concerns of the various matters confided to the war department; in the execution of the staff duties usuallyappertaining to military organization; in the removal of the Indians, and in the disbursement of the various expenditures growing out of our Indian relations; and in the formation of roads, and in the improvement of harbors and rivers; in the construction of fortifications; in the fabrication of much of the materiel required for the public defence; and in the preservation, distribution, and accountability of the whole; and in . other miscellaneous duties, not admitting of classification. These diversified functions embrace very heavy expenditures of public money, and require fidelity, science, and business habits in their execution; and a system which shall secure these qualifications is demanded by the public interest. That this object has been in a great measure obtained by the military academy, is shown by the state oY the service, and by the prompt accountability which has generally followed the necessary advances. Like all other political systems, the present mode of military education, both ot princiDle and practice; but I no uouot, lias its imnerfnrtinns., trust these can be improved by ri gid inspections, and by legislative scrutiny, without destroying the institution itself. The plan of removing the aboriginal people, who remain within the settled portions of the U. Stales, to the country west of the Mississippi river, approaches its consummation. It was adopted on the most mature consideration of the for thmprov-e-mcnt of the Indians have failci.V It seems now to be an established f,iCr that they cannot live in contact v'hli a civilized community and prop?.r Ages ol fruitless endeavors have, ut length, brought us to a knowledge, of this

principle of intercommunication j with them. The past we cannot j

! recall, but the future we can proj vide for. Independently of the ' treaty stipulations into which we j have entered with the various tribes, ! for the usufructuary rights they : have ceded to us, no one can doubt ithe moral duty of the government of the United States to protect, and race, which are left w ithin our okecs, all the tribes on the east side ; of the Mississippi, and extending from lake .Michigan to Florida, ! have entered into engagements which w ill lead to their transplantation. The report from the secretary j of the navy, showing the condition of that branch of the public service, is recommended to your special attention. It appears from it, lhat our naval force at present in commission, with all the activity which can be given to it, is inadequate to the protection of our rapidly increasing commerce. This consideration, and the more general one which regards this arm of the defence as our best security against foreign aggressions, strongly urge the continuance ol the measures which promote its gradual enlargement, and a speedy increase of the force which has been heretofore employed abroad and at home. You will perceive, from the estim ates which appear in the report of the secretary of the navy, that the expenditures necessary to this increase of force, though of considerable amount, arc small compared with the benefits which they will secure to the country. By the report of the postmaster general, it appears lhat the revenue of that department, during the year ending on the 30 th day of June last, exceeded its accruing responsibilities $230,200; and that the surplus of the present fiscal year is estimated at $170,227. It further appears that the debt of the depart ment, on the first day of July last, including the amount due to contractors for the quarter then just expired, was about $1,00 J,3SI, exceeding the available means about $23,700; and that, on the 1st inst, about $597,077 of this debt had been paid; $109,991 out of postages accruing before July, and $187,080 out of postages accruing since. In these payments are included $07,000 of the old debt due to banks. After making these payments, the department had $73,000 in bank on the 1st instant. The pleasingassurance is given,that the department is entirely free from embarrassment, and that, by collection of outstanding balances, and using the current surplus, the remaining portion of the bank debt, and most of the other debt, will probably be paid in April next, leaving thereafter a heavy amount to be applied in extending the mail facilities of the country. Reserving a considerable sum for the improvement of existing mail routes, it is stated that the department will be able to sustain with perfect convenience an anual charge of $300,000 for the support of new routes, to commence as soon as they can be established and put into operation. The measures adopted by the postmaster general, to bring the means of the department into action, and to effect a speedy extinguishment ol its debt, as well as to produce an efficient administration of its affiirs, will he found detailed at length in his able ami luminous report. Aided by a reorganization on the principles suggested, and such salutary provisions in the laws regulating its administrative du-

ties, as the wisdom of congress may devise or approve, that impor-

r & I ft tant department will soon attain a degree of usefulness proportioned to the increase of our population, and the txienion of our settlements. In connection with these provisions in relation to the post office department, I must also invito your attention to the painful excitement produced in the south, by attempts to circulate thro' the mails inflam nvc tMe harmony and peace of tno country, and so repugnant to the principles of our national compact a,,d to the dictates of humanity and religion. Our happiness and prosjperity depend upon peace within our borders; and peace depends "Pon tne niaintainance, in good faith, of those compromises of the constitution upon which the union is founded. It is fortunate for the country that the good sense, the generous feeling, and the deep-rooted attachment of the people of the nonslaveholding states to the Union, and to their fellow citizens of the same blood in the south, have given so strong and impressive a tone to the sentiments entertained against the proceedings of the misguided persons who have engaged in these unconstitutional and wicked attempts, and especially against the emissaries from foreign parts, who have dared to interfere in this matter, as to authorize the hope lhat those attempts will no longer be persisted in. But if these expressions of the public will shall not be sufficient to effect so desirable a result, not a doubt can be entertained that the nonslaveholding states, so far from countenancing the slightest interference with the constitutional rights of the south, will be prompt to exercise their authority in suppressing, so far as in them lies, whatever is calculated to produce this evil. Your attention is also invited to the defects w hich exist in the judicial system of the United States. As at present organized, the states of the union derive unequal advantages from the federal judiciary, w hich have been so often pointed out, that I deem it unnecessary to repeat them here. It is hoped that the present congress w ill extend to all thestates, that equality in respect to the benefits of the laws of the union, w hich can only be secured by the uniformity and efficiency ol the judicial system. With these observations on the topics of general interest which arc deemed worthy of your consideration, I leave them to your care, trusting that the legislative measures ihey call for, will be met as the wants and the best interests of our country demand. Andrew Jackson. Washington, Hth Dec. 1835. MRS. MADDOX, WILL open a school in Crawfordsville on the 2d Monday in March next, and will teach the following branches, viz: reading, writing, geography, arithmetic, English grammar, philosophy, chemistry, rhetoric, astronomy, history, drawing, painting, and music, with the use of instruments to practice on. Terms. Reading, writing, geography, & English grammar, two dollars per quarter. Philosophy, chemistry, rhetoric, astronomy, &c, three dollars. Drawing and painting, five dollars. Music, with the lite of instruments to practice on, eight dollars. Refer to Isaac Naylor or to Isaac C. Elston. Subscription paper at Mr. Elston's store. January 1, 1836. 32d CASH WANTED! ALL those indebted to the subscriber, and whose notes and accounts are due, are requested to make immediate payment, as I shall start east in a few days, and must have cash. WM. BINFORD. .Crawfordsville, 30th Dec. 1835. 32d

C R AWFORDSTI Jj fj E.SATURDAY, JANUARY 2, 1S36.

MARRIED On the 31st ultimo, by the reverend John Miller, Mr. Stephen Powers, to Miss Charlotte Hays. Same evening, by the same, Mr. Charles Cuqua, to Miss Rebecca Harrison. All of Montgomery County. Same evening, Maj. J. D. Strickland, of this place, to Miss Mary Jane Durkee, of Tippecanoe county. Same evening, by the Hon. Judge Ketcham, Mr. Hannibal Pursel to Miss Elizabeth Nicholson, all of this county Panther Hunt. A well grown panther of about six feet body, has been seen several times within the last ten days, in Coalcreek township, seven or eight miles north west of this place. Some boys, taking a common night hunt, found him reared against a tree, with the dogs at bay. As they came up the dogs closed upon the panther for a hard fight, upon which one of the smaller boys requested the axe to despatch him; but the largest, who carried the axe, becoming alarmed, advised a retreat, and they ran to Mr. Brooks', whose sons were the principal actors. Three of the four dogs soon came in; and the panther was heard for some time screaming along the country towards the east; the lost dog died a few rods from where they fought, having an ear and one side of his head torn off, and his body ript completely open. The panther has returned and been seen since near the thicket where he is supposed to be sojourning; and the neighbors design stirring him out on the first snowy morning, for a grand chase. Three New-Year's addresses were received from anonymous correspondents, for which they have our thanks: the one published is chosen, not as being more sensible and pertinent than its fellows, but as the longest, and rather most smooth; the others await the call of either the muse that inspired or the genius that traced the manuscript. We are obliged to the receiver of public moneys, for the following information relative to the sale of lands, in this district. There has been received, at the land office in this place, during the year ending the 31st day of December, 1835, $296,685 57 The sales for the year 1834, amounted to 202,131.20 Balance in favor of last year. $94,554.37 There are between six and seven hundred thousand acres of public lands, still for sale in this land district. We are indebted and return thanks due to Messrs. Hannegan, Kinnard and Webster, for documents and papers forwarded from Washington. CRAWFORDSVILLE LYCEUM. The reverend Elihu W. Baldwin, will deliver an introductory to a course of lectures, before the lyceum, on Friday evening, 8th instant, in the presbyterian church. The public are respectfully invited to attend. By order of the society. T. W. Webster, sec'y. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT. Agreebly to previous notice, an unusually large meeting of the citizens of Montgomery county took place at the courthouse in Crawfordsville, on the 25th inst.. for the purpose of deliberating upon what course would be most efficient to pursue, to aid in the common cause of internal improvement: Ezekiel M'Connell, Esq., was called to the chair, and David Clark appointed secretary. The object of the meeting being stated in a few appropriate remarks from the chair, on motion of H. S. Lane, esq., a committee of five were appointed to draft a preamble and resolutions expressive of the sense of this meeting. H. S. Lane, esq., colonel J. V. Powers, capt. R. C. Gregory, Mr. W. S. Galey, and Mr. A. Harland, were appointed said committee, who, after a few moments' absence, returned, and reported the following which, after animated addresses from Isaac Naylor, esq., captain R. C. Gregory, and H. S. Lane, esq., were unanimously adopted. Whereas, the subject of commencing in Indiana, a system of internal improvement, is undergoing a free discussion among our fellow citizens of other portions of the state, and is likely to become a subject of legislation and holding it to be our right as citizens of said state, to meet in our primary assemblies, and discuss and express our sentiments upon all leading and important measures of state or national policy: and whereas, we are fully and decidedly of the opinion, that without the adoption and final prosecution of a general system of internal improvement, by canals, railroads, and McAdamized turnpike roads, the natural resources of the state can never be fully developed therefore, Resolved, that in the opinion f this mee ting the legislature of Indian ought to provide for the immediate commencement of a general system of internal improvement, by