Plymouth Weekly Democrat, Volume 14, Number 50, Plymouth, Marshall County, 19 August 1869 — Page 4

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A Scathing Review of the Present Administration. Washington Correspondence of the Cincinnati Commercial (Radical). A mom inn gust sweeps down upon u daily from Long Branch. It is dis gust. Forney continues to edit Grant's cigar stumps and the hours of Mrs. Grant's baths. These things are ambrosial to sveophants; they are nauseous to sound stomachs. I hum my cigar stumps no shorter than Grant's. Yoiir wile keeps herself as clean with ablutions as the Mistress President. Why so much fanfaronade? If details must be told, the news comes of the latter lady, that she is hanging to Grant's arm at Long Branch with rrerf step he takes, like a broken sprig of dogwood. How else woidd;she be known as the lady of the President?" Certainly. The President, what of him v Grant, turning his administration into holiday, sends for his stud. The velvet sands of Long Branch have not felt their magnetic, spanking tread. Grant without a horse, loses his electrieity. The horses without Grant, lose tln if airing. The black favorites must be st iit to him, perhaps, as Dana accuses the Tullaposa, at the government expense. We will wait a little. But, giving the best guess from the present standpoint, the President has failed us. He is a disappoint incut. He has not done one luminous act since coming into power on the 4th of March, not one that the people have risen up'and applaudedhim for. He is opaUc to-day as in the interregnum forming his Cabinet, and the thing clearest in this capacity is that the light is not in him. no more than in the tumbledown Cabinet affair. The people have pinned faith to his mysteriousness long enough, and it is all that they have yet, or, perhaps, will have in the end, to assure them of the future. There is a kind of pretentious inconsequence about the Administration that is ridiculous, a running to and fro of binebreeched, shoulder-htrap lackeys, a buzz of bass drums in the background, as if there were Ix ingspn ad the net of some complicate, Gar-sighted, tremendous policy, a shimmer and show of pouderoiisness that exists only fa the expectations of the people. The doubt once in a while grows thick, whether Grant is not more at home in a giu behind his Havana than in the White House fronting the people. Looking him steadily in the face, it occurs to you that the Republican party, powerful M it was, might have taken from its box the first intelligent hackman on the street, and done as well. Gnat's face has no clearness or illumination in it, more than had his military policy tot breaking down the rebellion. The Atlantic Monthly lately contained an article upon his " intellectual ehatacl r." It is in doubt whether it exists. iot a man, woman or half-grown child in the country, but has constantly put the ridiltc these two years: "How is it that Grant, with his face like a stogy lioot, is a great man?" The real query is as to the ahct. The whole matter will probably turn out shmply enough, that, like other" men, he is what he appears to be. The Brutuses who wem fools and turn up wise men are few. Grant sw ngto the head of military atfairs when the momentum of the nation va ready to break down treason. He swung in the front of civil affairs v hen the party that gave supremacy to ideas had become a nation itself, aid he is a bubble bone on its surface. I i cither ease, the people have been of ml importance, and the man of fictitious hnporUuice. We wanted a hero and President, and pronounced the word Grant. Grant came, believing in himself, and imposed upon us. His oracular silence at the beginning made us expect s Cabin et giants. When the roll of these awaited Coloasasei was finally called in the Senate, the half of them were too feeble to answer to their names. Then some of them came and drifted away again. The Cabinet went to pieces, and formetl again like a decimated battalion. The ministers hang to it unsteadily still ; and " Who are to he Grant's Secretaries?" is an open question yet, just as if you at-ked what grains of floating sand would go into petrifaction. You have heard how Roteson was appointed Borie's successor a jolly fellow, introduced diplomatically to Grant, in a god mood, on shipboard, and deftly carving his way into the Cabinet with his knife as he dined at the same table The people needed introduction, too, to the new man. But that was a little matter. The monkey races SOaaothBBS select their leaders by the length of their tails. Louis XVIII. made Monsieur D'Avaray a duke for helping him into his carriage. Then Grant imposes upon us with other pretensions. He has published to an extravagant eccentricity his love of quiet and retirement. No public man of his station, since the beginning of the government, has so constantly thrown himself in the way of the people. A triumphal procession through Ihe COtmty every six months si nee the war has been the least of it. As President, he is pushing his social prerogative to the fullest bent. There bate passed 14 Weeks since the adjournment of Congress, tinuit has passed half of them here, the rest in social unbending elsewhere. They say he takes gayly to the dance at Long Branch, sliding throoch the figures more glibly than at Annapolis and West Point. This is very well, but the country is asking of him and his Cabinet a few serious UttCSS tions that it would be well to have an swercd from Washington, reception balls at the seashore notwithstanding. What alsMit Cut, South America, Virginia, the Suth, the Alabama matters, ami political assassinations? It is credible that the Cabinet and the head of the nation, projerly digesting these things, would not tind much time to he absent dobs the capital. Anyhow, the nation is anxious to gee looming abOTC the FOSJ horizon of balls, rrtt, excursions, baixpK ts, receptions, and seaside frivolities, the Executive head of I powerful Kc publican administration. We are hardly contented with this sphinx like policy, ft nuv he Delphic, as Shellaharger said, but is less than republican. The President would do well to accept humility from the Cabinet fiasco, and consult the people henceforth. A iiiemlser of the Grant family is reported to have restarted, fart after the nomination: "It was the General's desire not to he made President by a party, but by the people." Perhaps hi re is a little lijrht. Perhaps Grant Im lieves that the u en of good feeling" mar return igsil tinder his Administration ; that he is :i ColosMUs, under whose- bars all people can walk. So far the pettinesses of his administration have been the most ohjeet tollable, and now, playing President, he reminds you of a 1m y who wished to be a king, "so that he Bright ride on the gate post all day." If he will stop buying bagatelles in New York, and parading his Presidency along the porches of the Stetson and keep to executive business here, he will look more like a successor of Washington his j- v'' n, we are told. Early after I? .u. "iration, when offices and ho i . i aped, like Attila's bucklers, upon the si house of Dent, you might have heard here, among certain sagacious Western men, pertinently suggested the establishment of firms "to go into the brother in law business." The suggestion had dropped from my mind until, arising from my sick bed, I hear the buzzing of a fresh swarm of Dents come out like ha usts applying for satrapies in the Southwest One believes almost that there is somewhere a brokerage of this magic uamt uon whose hutfiifi honors and officers ,ire xpected to drop like stars. A storekeep P of the capital of ancient Persia went (j;iy t0 Ibrahim, the Governor of Iiis Pro,,,.,: to rcqUO4t the abatement of

the taxes he was unable to pay to Hasse Ibrahim, a Chief Magistrate of the city, and the Governor's brother. You must pay. or leave the city," replied the Governor. M Where shall I go, ' asked the shopkeeper. "To Shiraz," was the reply. M Your nephew rules that city, and your familv are my enemies " said the storekeeper. 44 Then go to Cashan." 44 But your uncle is Governor there." " Then complain to Shab." 44 He is your elder brother, and prime minister." 44 Then go to the lower regions!" exclaimed the Governor in a passion. "Alas! your pious father is dead," retorted the storekeeper. History repeats its trying situations, it is said, for every people. The Dents are our Ibrahims. We meet them omnipresent here, and only by a virtuous life have the hope of escaping them in the hereafter. u m A Radical Paper on the Administration. In hisjinaugtiral address, referring to our foreign policy, Gen. Grant told the coun try that he should deal with nations as equitable law requires individuals to deal with each other ; that he should protect native and foreign-born citizens wherever our flag floated ; that while respecting the rights of all nations, he would demand equal respect for our own ; and that if other powers should depart from this rule, he might be compelled to follow their precedent. These brave words foreshadowed a bold and vigorous policy. They received the warm approval of our own people, irrespective of part', and arrested t he tit ten -t ion and excited the comment of foreign powers. The English and French journals, reflecting, no doubt, the opinions of their leading statesmen, tried to argue themselves into the belief that these dec larations were capable of a pacific construction, while they freely admitted that they betokened a determination on the nart of the new President to conduct oui

foreign affairs in a spirit more firm, deci i Sire, and truly American than had of late years marked our history. The past five months have sflorded frequent occasions for patting the sincerity of Gen. Grant's manifesto to the test. Have the hopes it inspired at home, and the fears it excited abroad, been realized ! Un the contrary, have not his sonorous words tamed out to be tin-merest fanfaronade Is there an instance in the history of the country when the ad ministration has been so subservient to any foreign power as that of Grant has been to .Spain v Our neutrality laws, more stringent than those of any European monarchy, are in antagonism with the genius of our people. Nevert heless. the most conspicuous act of the present administration is the rigorous execution of this code against an oppressed colony whose republican patriots, nobly outstripping every example of history, began their revolution by decreeing the abolition of slavery, and are still struggling to throw off the yoke of a desJ)otism that has fcsteWld the slave trade, haiutained a licentious court, and forbade the education of the people, and is now trying in vain to sell its crown in the market overt of Europe. Indeed, so busy has the Administration been in enforcing this exceptional code in the interest of Spanish dcsjot8 and slave-mongers, that it has not found time to faithfully execute some of the ordinary revenue laws of our OH ii country. And how ha the Administration redeemed its pledge to protect citizens, whose rights are not put in Jeopardy merely, but are actually sacrificed ! American citizens pine in British prisons for words spoken on this sine of the Atlantic, and no remonstrance is heard from our Secretary of State. They are shot in cold blood and without trial in Cuba, and our State Department is dumb, while one of the national vessels stationed in the waters contiguous to that ill fated island, and which might have afforded protection to the victims of Spanish cruelty, is ordered home to convey the President and a portion of his Cabinet on junketing tours to Long Branch or Newport. As to the Alabama matter, it remains hi tatu quo, and its mismanagement has ex cited such profound contempt in the masses of our citizens, that it is doubtful whether the Administration would not lose rather than gain by attempting to stir it up again. Certainly, unless it handles this stale subject with a good deal more skill and in a far loftier American spirit than has characterized the rest of its foreign policy, it had better let it alone. At all events, we ought not to instruct our Minister to sidle around St. James' Palace with the air of a needy chapman dunning a haughty creditor, and begging to know when it will suit the convenience of the foreign Secretary to look over our bill. In a word, the foreign policy of this Administration, proclaimed in sonorous phrases from the steps of the capitol in March, has thus far proven to 1m one of the most pusillanimous in the history of the country. New York San, AmgUm 18. Care of Machines and Implements. Aoricultl'ral machines and implements are costly, and it is of great importance that they should Ik taken proper care of It is well-knowjthat a machine or implement which is kept in repair, painted and oiled, and housed, when not in use, will last twice as long as one that is left under the weather, rotting or rusting in the rain, or warping or splitting in the sun. There are some fanners who complain of the high price of threshing machines, reapers and mowers seed drills, etc.. yet do not take the laasj precaution to keep them from damage by exposure to the weather, or from want of painting, oiling or repairing. One of the most necessary buildings on a farm is a tool house, or implement shed, in which all the machines, implements and tools used on the farm can be arranged under t he owner's eye, and kept safe from damage from rain or sun. It is not advisable to keep machines or implements in the larn, for they not only take up too much room, but are more I'm ble to lie destroyed by fire than when kept bl a detached house or shed. The barn from its superior height and magnitude is snore liable to be struck by lightning than lower buildings, and from the constant access to it of careless persons, and the Begriffen t or malicious handling of candles, mutches, etc., it is more likely to Im- destroyed by accidental or inccn dinary tires than houses or sheds of less importance. The newspapers frequently contain accounts of the destruction of barns by fire, and it is sometimes stated t hat they contained live Stock, machine-. implement, hay, grain, wool, etc., and it generally turns out that there was no insurance on the premises or their contents. The frequency of such disastrous tires ought t lie sufficient to impress on farm ers the importance of insuring their houses, in some respectable office or offices. so that in case of fire some capital will be available to replace that which has been J lost. No money is more Judiciously expended than that which is paid for insur I ing life or property. Every building of any considerable size should have at least one lightning rod. I Thousands of dollars have sometimes been ' lost by the careh SSBeai or penuriousness J of a proprietor, neglecting or refusing to put up a lightning rod. When a farmer, or any other person, has insured his build ings and other destructible property, put up a lightning rod or rods, and taken all ordinary and extraordinary precautions against fire, he may, in case Of an unforsccn calamity of this kind, console himself with (he reflection that he has done all in his power to prevent it. Wttern Hural. Siiekt Mrsio Snoring.

THE TOTAL ECLIPSE.

The Sun A Sight of His Glory during the Eclipse The Corona and Protuberances ; Their Size and Character Theory of the Solar Constitution. E. Cölbe kt, author of "Astronomy without a Telescope" and Commercial Editor of the Chicago Tribune, Wis a men her of the scientific party at Des Moines, Iowa, on the occasion of the recent solar eclipse, and the following descriptive article, taken from the columns of the lYibune of the 12th inst., is from his pen : The eclipse of the sun on Saturday last was visible over all the United States and Territories, but a view of the magnificent corona which surrounded the sun was visible only to those who were located on tinnarrow belt of 150.4 miles in breadth which was swept by the moon's shadow. The light of the sun is so powerful and so overshadowing as to shut out the coronal display to those situated only a few yards outside the limits of totality, though they OOuld discern but the merest thread of suii ligl t at the moment of greatest obscuration. For the information of those who were not privileged to witness the phenomenon by reason Of location, as well as of those who only saw it with the naked eye within (hi hand of totality, we herewith present :i view of the corona, as seen at Des Moines, Iowa, by the writer, through a telescope, sketched by him immediately after the total obscuration had passed, und then sub niitted to several of the scientific observers present, all of whom reeogni.cd it as an accurate portraiture. The cut ahm shows the rose-colored protuberances, the largest of which were seen by him, but for the smaller ones, and the exact description of all, he is partially indebted to others, who made them the pedal subjects of observa Iks, while he directed his attention to the corona, during the ix?2 seconds w hich intervened between the apparent contacts dl the eastern and western edges of the luminaries. The circular figure on the accompany tag diagram represents! lie moon, her dark side being turned toward the observer. Though her actual diameter is S94 times less than that of the sun, yet she is so itiM 1 ntHirrr t. SM tli.it, ,t tl,.. timi- tl.eclipse, her apparent diameter was to that of the sun as 21 to '20, so that the sun was totally obscured during the 2 minutes .7J 1 seconds required for her to pass over i space equal to one-twentieth pait of tinsun's diameter. The apparent motion ol her centre was along the line C to 1), while the apparent path of the sun's centre may lie represented by the line B to A, and the direction of the north and south poles of the heavens by the points marked X and 8. The letter Z represents the direction of the zenith; the letters R and L, the direction of right and left. It is evident from the diagram that It was nearly in the direction of northwest ; (', nearly northeast, and L, nearly southeast. That the light-colored rays and the dark ruSO colored protuberances (the latter represented by black spots on the diagram) belonged to the sun, and not to the moon, is evident from the fact that when the edges of the sun and moon coincided at Ü, at the first instant of total obscuration, the moon's edge lapping some distance over the sun at (', the protuberances on the upper left side were visible, and the corona on that side was larger, while, when the moon had advanced SO that the edges nearly connected at C, and the moon lapped over at 1), the protuberances on the I) side were visible, w hile those on theC side came into view, and the corona on the latter side was largest. Accepting this view we obtain a gauge of dimension which enables us to approximately measure the dimensions of the several parts of the corona and the protuberances. Thus : the sun is known to subtend an etna diameter of S5t,798 miles, while his apparent angular diameter at the time of eclipse was i minutes, 37. 1 seconds of space, eonesponding to 442.7t miles to each second, or very nearly 7l,(HM) miles (7G,J7'..7r) to each digit, or twelfth part of the sun's diameter. Hut in order to Und the total amount of projection, it is evident that we must take into account not only the amount of protrusion beyond the edge of the moos, but also the amount due to the overlapping of the moon's edge at the M)int and Install of observation. TUE (OUONA. The corona was remarkably different from all preconceived notions on the subject, ami from all previous descriptions, both in size and shape. It has always been represented as nearly annular (ring formed), ol about equal hrcadt h all t he w.i v round the edge of the moon, and not more than one-tenth of her apparent diameter. The corona of Saturday last was exceed ingly irregular in its outline, and in some places projected to a distance fully hall that of the apparent diameter of the moon, or nearly 500,000 miles. Our diagram shows the relative lengths of the several portions, except that on the sides the length is slightly constricted. The greatest length was almost identical with the direction of the moon's path across the lace of the sun, w hich rery nearly coincided with the plane of the ecliptic. From the ess! side (direction from D) a mass of light shot out to the distance of live or six digits ; it was about thirty degrees wide at the base, and shaped nearly like the remote half of a silver poplar leaf. Near the moon it shone with an almost uniform white light, but within a short pace it broke up Into brilliant rays, almost parallel with each other, and all pointing nearly towards the centre of the diagram. Still farther out these rays assumed more of a streaky character, seeming to lie against a darker back ground, and towards the summit they faded away into a more diffused and milder light, though still distinct and bright Near the extremity it appeared more like a cumulus cloud, but the central direction of the rays was plainly visible. It Melted away into the azure background almost imperceptibly, but the outline was perfect, except at the very extremity of the leafshaped mass. On the other side of the

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disc (direction from A, (') was a corresponding tongue, but less regular, and extending only about two-thirds as far into the void. This portion was more brilliant near the base than its counterpart, and was sharply defined at the very extremity, the rays blending T fViekly that it required a steady gaze to strffarate them. The extent of this portion was about 285,000 miles. Prof nor Lane saw the light reflected from the moon's edgeat the distance of 54,000 miles from the sun's body, while the light was reflected from the other edge at a distance of 74,000 miles. We compute the total width of the corona in tin- direction through A I), including the sun's body, at 1,000,000 miles. The broadest mass of coronal light was visible on the left (in the south-east quarter). This sprung from an arc of about 50 degrees on the moon's circumference to a height of three digits, or 234,000 miles. This mass was more diffused than either of the Others, and separated near the extremity into narrow leaflets of light, something like the flame from a thinly spread bed of coals, only there was no red, the light being pure white, with a faint corruscation. Opposite to this, on the right, was another leaf spread mass of four digits in height, on a base of '20 to 25 degrees, and lik-' :i parabola in the general outline, which w ;is, however, broken up on the outer side into jets. Another broad sheet sprung up on the north-east (toward the zenith) nearly

rectangular in shape, and three to four digits high, the I pper third part be in r divided irregularly into tongues of light , formed by assemblages Of rays. Between these larger masses the circumference of the lunar orb was tilled up by radiate lines of brilliant light, extending on an average a digH and a half in height, of 128,000 miles from the sun's surface. It was noticeable that this continuous band was the most narrow on the lower h p hand side (southwest by south) averaging ahont two-thinh of the width elsewhere, and was badly broken on its entire outline, as if the regularity wi re interfered with by the action of the string of bead like protuberances jutting up through the interior portion ol its volume. The full amount of this Irregularity was not perceptible with the naked eye, but the general distribution of M mg and short rays was the same. To the unaided vision tin ,virr."-.- I"" ttUUB U 1... ..,,,,., ble and bright ; but the tongue like cxten sions faded out into nothingness, wheiea the telescope gave a definite outline all around, except at the summit of the first named protrusion. We do not claim thai the relative lengths of the different portions were exactly as laid down here ; tiny were estimated at the instant, and trans ferred to paper directly; but the time allowed for observation (less than three minutes) was so short that it can scarcely be considered possible to reproduce every part of the outline with unfailing seen racy. As stated in the letter from Des Moines, the unages of the corona taken in the c: men by Dr. Curtis, of the United States Navy, do not show BO great a breadth of out line as is lu re represented, probably lor the reason that the light of the outer portions was too faint, by comparison, to fix an image on the plate, w hile the mofebrilttanl portions were burning their impress on the apparatus. The photographs show the corona to be least broad in the region ol the protuberances, and have preserved the impress of as much of its breadth as cor n sponds to a distance of 105,000 miles from the SUn's body, whence we may conclude that the photosphere extends to at least that distance, while the observations of Prof. Lane show that at three-fourths of that distance it possesses enough of il tuminating power to light up the moon's surface to an extent sufficient to cause a reflection of its raws through a distance of 398,000 miles. A legitimate conclusion from this, and through spectroscopic observations de tailed in our reports, is that the solid body of the sun is surrounded by a Belf-luml nous tdaiosphere of at least one hundred thousand miles in thickness, or one fourth part ol his radius, this giving the image fixed in the camera, and that outside of the light (ploto) sphere is a non luminous envelope or atmosphere, shining to us by means ol the light received from the interior shell, which it reflects to our eyes. This non-luminous envelope or atmosphere must be at least 000,000 miles in thickness, and perhaps twice that amount, as ildensity must decrease with the distance till it loses its reflective power. It is not impossible thai the prolongation in the direction C A 15. gives rise totbepbenom enon known as the Zodiacal light, and rises sufficiently near the orbit of Mercury to Cause the disturbances in his movements which have been ascribed to a mythical hell of planetoids. TIM PKOTUBKHAHCnS These arc represented on the diagram in black; their apparent color was a pink red. The instant I hat I he last Iii in of light , with its middle at I), had vanished, leaving the sun in utter darkness, and simultaneously with the outflasfa of the corona, the line ol protuberances extending from P to IJ also burst upon the view. The one at the lowest point was the largest. All saw the upper portion, which occupied about 16 degrees on the moon's disc, and projected 50,000 milt If (Tom the sun's edge, or fully one half the average height of the photosphere. Dr. HUgard saw and described the lower, or pendant portion, which was estimated to be 100,000 miles long, by 80,000 miles aride, making a total protrusion of 156,000 miles. The protuber ance at L, and the one immediately beloui It, Were also visible tO the naked eye; they were rectangular, and were estimated at 90,000 miles high, w it h bases of five and eight degrees on the circumference. The photograph showed the three more fa mi fully-shaped ones near the eastern quar ter, which were also more faint in outline, seeming as if one part my far behind the other, which crosses it in the diagram. Hence the cross shaped figure at 11 was probably made np of two independent protuberances, the horizontal portion y lug several hundred miles farther from the eye of the spectator than the part Which seemed to stand nearly upright. In

the low er left quarter a string of bead-like protuberances were ab risible w ith the aid of the telescope. Their comparative size is necessarily exaggerated on our diagram; they were, perhaps, not more than 5,000 miles high, and dropped out of sight in rapid succession in a few seconds, as j the moon advanced rapidly in the düec-1 tion C to D. And now the three larger ones at D, B grew smaller, fading from

tue view a noiii me middle of totality, which fact showed them to have an altitude of about 2ö,(M)0 miles. At this time the western edge of the moon had advanced sufficiently in its course to uncover the protuberances on that side, and the throe shown from A to li flashed on the vision, only the exterior portions being visible at first, but soon growing OUt farther and farther ti!l the three exhibited an altitude of at least 20,000 miles, by an aggregate breadth of fully 20 degrees on the base. Meanwhile the protuberance at P grew larger, unsteadily, as the moon's edge at that point neared the edge of the sun, but it then seemed to decrease shortly before the total phase ended, showing an actual change In volume, though the character of the outlines lid not perceptibly vary. These four were distinctly risible till the last instant, a hen they vanished with the corona, SI I star disappears from view w hen a flash of lightning illumines the firmament. The spectroscope had already told us that these protuberances are masses of incandescent matter, and some of its constituent elements have been determined to be identical with substances familiar tons, s iron, sodium, magnesium and hydrogen. But it was reserved to Profbssor Harkm to discover that there is a constant decrease in the number of elements in proportion to the height above the sun's surface. Thus the summit contains no element but hydrogen, and sodium sppears a Bttlc lower, while iron is, possibly, the clement to rise with the glittest difficulty, and to fallback soonest into the bosom ol the sun. We have also reason to believe that these protuberances are identical with the dark masses know n SS "spots1 when seen on that part of the sun's atmosphere which is between us and his body. CONSTITUTION OK THE BUST. Bo much, then, we know of the constitution of the sun that he is surrounded by a double atmosphere, and that the interior one is self-luminous and the scene of v ' -lent changes connected with the formation and movement of immense bulks of iocs descent matter. We know, further, th many of the substances which are found in large quantities on the earth exist also; in the sun, and we may reason from analogy that other yet undiscovered terrene elements Join these to make up the grand total of solar matter. But beyond tliislies vast void belonging to the regions of the unknown; probably' much that will forever n main "unknowable" by mortal. But where knowledge ends speculation begins. It has been thought that the luminous and non-luminous atmospheres of the sun arc like two air strata in our atmosphere not absolutely separable, nor divided by :t line the position of which can he indicated. This is, we believe, the general theory with those who entertain one, that it is but a ireneralVlistinction, like the discrimination between upper and lower portions of our atmosphere, the one merging into the other by imperceptible gradation, and the self iuininosity ceasing only when the density becomes too small to admit of that intensity of vibration which is supposed necessary to originate the sensation of light. This may be so, but it seems quite as probable that the sun's condition is similar, in respect to form, with that of the earth before the continents were upheaved by volcanic force. Then the ocean covered the land, and was Itself surrounded by an outer atmosphere of air, the two oceans, then as now, not only balancing each '' ri b inn mutually necessary to the integrity of character pertaining to each. Of course it is not necessary that the photosphere should be composed of anything like what we call water, and imh ed re have no particular reason to believe that oxygen, the chief constituent of water, hi present at all. But it is necessarily a somewhat dense fluid, ami is probably in s state of more inten motion than any interntovement of particles of a 9 a . . WUicn we have any knowledge. There is no doubt that this fluid is also intensely hot, but that is probably not a result of combust ion, and is more a consequence of its rapid motion than a necessary condition of heat in the solar rays. So far as we know, light and heat are phenomenal only mere conditions, not material entities and these sensations are communicated only by the intermediate vibrations of material particles. It is always cold on the tops of high mountains, though there be level enough to admit of a large amount of earth radiation, and we must conclude that the difference is principally due to a lessened density of the atmosphere, which presents fewer particles to be vibrated in the passage of the solar rays; hence less of motion; hence less of the sensation of heat. The sun's rays are warm and. light to us only because they vibrate through certain media. Take away those media, and tinsensation is absent. We have every reason to believe that the earth and moon have existed under somewhat similar conditions to those now witnessed in the sun, with this probable difference that the earth has a comparative excess of oxygen, and the sun of hydrogen, w hile the moon is deficient of both of those elements. To t his difference we may perhaps look for consolation Bgainsl the fear that the sun will Ik- burned out ultimately, and leave our posterity a thousand generations hence to die out of cold The above view is perfectly consistent, too, with the idea that tlicsuu may he a tit residence for animated beings, organized in adaptation to t he situation, and enaUes us to drop the difficulty which meets us in the attempt to conceive of an eternally self sustaining conflagration. Noiii illation of IV mile ton. Tin nomination of (ieonre 11 Pendleton - - - for Governor of Ohio, by the Democracy ofthat State, has stirred the bile of Republican newspapers to an extent which relieves them somewhat from the monotonous stupidity which has chSJUcterized them shice Grant went to Long Branch, and his Cabinet went pleasure-hunting. Because Mr. Pendleton wanted to nay the national debt according to its terms, and save the people $18,000,000 nearly in gold, which fat now paid to the national banks for circulating a currency w hich the government ought to displace with its own, he is charged with advocating " a oatkmal villainy," and the accusation is made in the leading Republican new spa pet in this city. He appeared for the people and the taxpayers against the bondholders, and exposed the infamy of the swindle which gives to the latter more than twice as much as belongs to them. It is a sU Indie so palpable that it could only be contemplated and carried out b i Congress which had been bribed to tinwork by direct payment of money, or by consideration of partisan advantage ii) which there was no ( lenient that was not corrupt to rotte sr. In comparison with the enormity of this swindle, the most absurd and unjust provisions of our tariff laws are trivial errors, not worth at tun ion lie who says tin- live twenty bonds arc not payable in treasury notes, or that there exisls on the part of the government any moral or lawful obligation to pay them in gold, says thai which is coiiträdicbd b I be law under which the bonds were issued, and by the facts attending their purchase The bonds were bought, most v ihcui,

for less than lift v cents on the dollar, and the majority (.f the holders have now re raved, n interest, more than they paid In addition to this, to claim now that the government is bound in honor to pay them in gold is such an insult to common sense that it is inconceivable how a man of common sense, who respects truth can make the statement. The expediency of currency redemption is one quest ion and the morality of it another. S far as' the latter is concerned, it seems to us too plain for argument. Mr. Pendleton is called a Turveydrop. By this is meant that he does not get drunk, or swear, or learn dancing in a crowded ban-room, or associate with prizefighters, horse jockeys, and editors of new spapers devoted to the chronicling of the deeds of the turf and ring, and ol cock-tights and dog-lights. He does not appear like a boor. He talks like a man who respects himself, and is willing to treat others with respect if they deserve it. Had he the latest Presidential a i -i ( it 1 1 - plishmenta, he would be much more acceptal Ic to men of " moral ideas' en gaged in the interests of (Jod and human uy. Inasmuch as he is in very truth a gentleman and a scholar, a man of brains, an honest man, a faithful friend and genemui opponent, and one who has so well sustained the financial views, for which he is smiled, that the Republican party in several of the Western States has "adopted them, he does not commend himself to politicians of the ruling party. In all this he is the opposite of their Ofder. Chicago Tin km. Chloride of Lime for Vermin. Some years ago, I read, in a French scientific periodical, that chloride of Ihne would ridahouae of all these nuisances treasured up the information, and tome four years since I took an old country house infested with rats, mice and tlies. "I stutl'ed every rat and mouse-hole with the chloride; I threw it on the quarry Boors of dairy and cellars; I kept saucers of it un der Lhe chest of drawers, or some Other convenient piece of furniture, and in every nursery, bed, or dressing-room. An ornamental glass vase held a quantity at the foot of the stair-cases. Stable, cow sheds, pig sties, all had their dose, ami the result was glorious. I thoroughly routed my enemies, and if the rats, more impudent than all the rest, did make rem wed att-.eks upon the dairy in ahotit twelve months, when probably from repeated cleansing all traces of the chloride had vanished, I handful of fresh again routed them and left me master of my premises. Last year was a great one for wasps; they wouldn't face the chloride: though, in the diningrooni, in which we had now as its smell, to me most refreshing and w holesome, is not approved by all persons vre had perpetual warfare. And all this comfort for eLdit-nencc ! Onlv let holWeL-een. rv beware that they place' not the chloride in tneir china pantries, or in too close pr unity to bright steel wares, or the result will be that their gilded china will be reduced to plain, and their bright steel fenders to rusty iron in quick time ( WLondon BniUler. The Conditions of Health. It is idle to expect health if the precautions ne ossuary to iecure it are neglected. The hnmaii 01rmlvstion a delicate piece of nwehnshUL and reoshessj BMek haetlbjeal care and mnefcÄunMM to keep it in order, a.- are retiiite in the iiianar--uu-nt of the ino-t complicated combination o! levers, srheeh and pinion. At thh MSSoa of th year the body it peculiarly setn4Uve, becaaae it : Kreativ weakened anil relaxed by the continuous heat. The -km. in sesiner. wilh its' niilliou of pores w ide open, in a rerj different nort of tegument from the nompft IbTMte cowering which it become- under the action of thwinter cold. The mu-clee, too. are cempnrativeh llaccid. the nervet tremulous, the blood poor, and I lie whole frame less capable of enduring fatijru and re-iitiug dineue. than in cool weather These indication of a depresses condition of the vita forenaatOM many inuuL-takabl hints that nntoaN uet-ds reiufiircinj;. Ordinary stimulants will not effect this object. They inflame and exrite. but do not strengthen. The only preparation which can be dep uded upon to impart Hamiual vigor to the fTtrtf. and enable it to endure the ordeal of the heated term without giving war under the pressure.it HosTKTTKK'S STOMACH BITTERs. took and correcthe so pun-, -o harmless, ho utterly free from lbs dr,ivb:irks which render many of the powerful aat ringen te employed in medical practice ann Inngerooe than the afbneata they are employed to cure, that if may lie administered without fear to the feeblest feanuS invalid, or the most delicate child. The cathartic and alterative vegetable ingredieuta, which ar combined w ith those? of atouic nature in ita composition, keep the bswetl moderately tree and perfectly regular, while the work of inv igoration is K'ng "". The finest blood depurents which the herbaf kingdom affords an also among ita component, ao that it recruit, purifict and regulates the system aimultaneously. Ths Best and Obiqut a.l Tonic of Laos. Phoj phorus and Calisajra, known s Forro-Pboapi-atea Elixir of Cally Barlt. The iron restores color to the blood, the phosphorus renews waste of the nenrc tissue, and the calisaya gives nataral, healthful toct to the digestive argans, thereby coring dyspepsia it its various forms, wakefulness, general debility, de psWBStoa of spirits; also, the best präventive acatnai fever and ague. One pint eontains the vlrtnes of oik ounce of calisaya, and one taaspoonful, a grain o Iron and phosphorus. Manufactured only by Caswill . Hazaku a Co., successors to Caswell, Mack Co. New York, bold by Druggists. Thk Lmras is tue Gkkat Laboratoky or tub Hcman System. When asm destroe.l they can never beilade sound attain. We should remove the ttrt cause which tends to their de sii uciion. When sores are forming, it is indicated byacough or pains in the chest, or difficulty 1 breathing. Now Aixen'b Li n; Hal am will check these symptoms at once, il it is used in time, and prevent fatal Consumption. For sale by all Druggists. 1 GOOD FAMILY MEDICINE. ALLKN S CKLEHRATKl) LI NO BALSAM Cures Colds. Cough and Consumption. ALLEN'S CELEBRATED LUNG. BALSAM(Hires Bronchitis. Asthmo ml ' ALLEN'S CELEBRATED LINC. It ALKA W I injittrts strength to the svsteaa. ALLEN'S t EI.KBRATKD LI NU BALSAM Is iileasaut to take. ALLEN'S CKLKHKATKD LITNtl HA1SUaiuMs gives tsrhrftsrUos or the mosey win ie refunded It Is recommends! by prominent Physicians; and Mbit Is pleasant to titke und harmless hi i I nature. It is M powcriui remeuy lor curing ttll lisras-s ol the Luujrs ÜOU BY AM. DRl-lHIISTH. STJMMEK TONIC! Ur. 8. 0. Riehanlsui's SKERRY WINE limit I The Celebrated Mew Kna;land Keasedy roi HABITUAL CONSTIPATION, .lnumliee. Fever and Acne, QsMnliSs bliii v. und nil l)lcunr nrtalnv f rom n IMnortlered Msmarh, l.tvrr or llswrlt, ii. h an Acidity of the Stomach, bSJansttOBj Heartburn, Laws Of Appetite, CoHthene, Rliud and RtSBdhur PnrS, Ihn gust ol hood. Sour Eructlona, Sinking or Flutterum i Iii' Pit o the Stomach, Dimness of Vision, Yellowness or the Skin und Ke, I'aln In the Side. Back, Chest or Limbs, and tu all cases where a TON IC is necessary. J.N. Harris & Co., Sole Proprietors, UNCIXIVATI, Olm. tW Cor "nie by all Medicine Denier. WA NT KI) ! tl.KM's for irof. lAKOV I At WS Of Ii us mess with rt ix mnarrnons tsn Kohms kos iu Tk ac tions in ITB1 Stats in his I hi.n I u sn .fin i i I'aksons. I.L.I).. I rofessorof Law In llanar.1 I ni ersltv. and author of many Law Books. A Nsw lloos roa Kvasrmoai Kxplslnlnir the 1 1 ,,' .ImImu and ' ,;n, . . of II the relations at HS as weH as nvery WinM si contract and I legal obligation. So .,,;., n,o, w-iiipe snd ro;' that no ierson can anorrl to he without It. hmhodylng in popular form the itsüMs of ll.e labor an l slmlv ol the mot pop ular and siH-eessfitl u rtter ol law books In the country. W'OKTII TKN TIMKS TH V PBleB ASKKI MR II. Kr J"' lfm fi 1 1 Si w i il si' i rtrr irf-n Send tor (ii"srnin' circular. Address JON KS, JI NK1N A CO.. 1'iibltsbers, 1; South Clark St.. Chicago. III. HMTfTTfail n-M"- an rJl2Jj Hack pa v. pay for lost horses, rattens, l,rt ,'. .1 1 ' pay. e en thlna f.itOif- h. .rfe, . re. i. 11 clalai Is mot. write me Willi Ismiw, I HH "J'fTjS? ih Also do a licncral Law and Land Riislnesa. at JAK ie 4 bAfTOKD'S, Ko. , 1 1 1 Lsbalk treet, OaSSja

1 I IM

DR. RANSOM'S HIKE STNPUD TOLD I .ü:JiUn.80F1'8 Hlvt s ruP ,r a Tola, in sddltton to Iteiit8 for ordtnary Hive SvruD, enntatn Balaam 7?,- "coctlon of Skunk Cabbaxe Hoot, Lobelia ara Hons; a combl r ation rht jin.-t uihmuH it every on-' as a superior rerne y 'or Croan. Whooala. Couch. Asthma, Bronchitis. CouKhs and Colds, Indeed. r'r Ji att' ctlons oi the Throat and Lungs whsrs a - - -"w viura I ss tils IIS IS SSU mrruiiue is necessarv. rnis syrnn is caremilv prepared under the personal direction of a rermlar phys'clan of over twenty years' practice, whose signature l le w Lllc directions ou me Dottle. Its verr chiMne taat mke- 11 n agreeable medietas ttx l rr??7fi eTery I"1""011 "oulrt keep a bottle or Kan LoT. " v K V K r P A Ä U TttvZ thehonsa universal Couch Medicine, but ns a MM M?e chuSreD'1' for ,udden of Croup amon, Consumption is caused, ui cases, by neglecting a siicht cough. Greatest Discovery of the Age I OR. A. TRANK'! Magnetic Ointment! sOweifMi an tbajnoat sawSahss Plants and Kooum rfif' .ce"'tca ly couiMned and in.ated in wall ;-a c: Wd bv a powerful BatSTL" Possessing in SsMittoa to Its superior medcal virtu siron Masnktioand n-ncrnio nroaer l ev profoundly penetrating, and enf nentlv aTJiZKZ. andK)tMBg. It relieves L TiSnalft once, (wlen frequently applied,. refertgth3sX m use lea and nervea dvinp new Ute and vitality by Urn life giving qualities, to Paralyzedpart ann Chronfe or tg Tading Complaints aid KWnesw aBaylM Nervous pain (Neuralgia,) Irrltat.on. and KemoV ng betroetfons like a charm. Indeed a who We as! it, speak or It as truly a wonderful medicine, and estemit by far superior to any and all otter externa remedies In use. If applied In seawMittls an uniallhu remedy lor The Croon, IMntherla, Sore 1 hroa. Inflam.nacon of the Lungs. Boweis, Uver. Kidneys aad atbay Organs, Khenmatlsm. Spinal Irritation. Ague a the Breast, and y.t all times cures Nervous Headache Neuralgia, Sore kyes, Kar Ache, Tooth Ache. Agar Id the Fce. Plmnles nnd Kruptions of all kinds. Pile Bruised ai d Sprained Limbs, Bams, Frozen parts," hüblalns üjdoJent and lone standing Sores, Wounds' Ac. Ac. It will also restore the Hair to the Bald Head and prevents the Hair from tailing. Prof. H. Anderson's DERM ADOR ! I a Liquid Liniment for Kxterual Application, FOR MAX OR RE AST, A alaable Combination Discovered b a Celebrated Chemist. Its free application to Inflamed seres, andinrfaoaa on both Man ami Beast, In a very snort time relievos 'he pain ad sorenens. and the hot, angry and rod suy fee becomes cool, moist and natural, and by c nam i;"lic,itlwli Ld "itt. Ue part is soon restored to health. IMPORTANT TO HORSEMEN Prof. Andersons Derma lor Is the best Liniment in Ase for horses. This fact Is shown by numerous letters r'.m all parts of the country. A .ate one reads as follows: "We hav been experimenting with roar Demsdor on nors-tlesh. and fsd It a very tu' rior remedy. 'liu lisnp.-rtor to the famous Uai-gllng (HI, or any nber lluimerjt we ever used In oar Livery Stable ilcase send us two doren la ge bwlUe by ei press J. O. Ü. Yours respectfully, WATSON A IJOOI'hK. Waverly. lud OR. J. R. MILLER S Universal Magnetic Balm Cures, a i riv Magnetic Influence, Nenra'gla and all aln. snd Is therefore very pro ierly termed Macnetie Bairn. '.1...iu.1 " H r,'n1y lor CHOLKKA, CHOLKKA MOitBI 8, Dl.MiKIKK A, UYSkN 1'KKY, COLIC, and 'l BOW FX COMPLAINTS. Its timely usa will cure Coins, Croup, Dlptnerla. Quinsy, and all Throat affections. When properly used. Fever and Agne, -nd other eomp'.aints Incident to our western ana joutheru '.limaiea, are easily broken up. FEVER AD AG HE. riemse th-i system; th.-n, as the time Vorachll Irawson, cover warmly in bed and take a cupful ol uotwter, with one or two teaepooulul of the r netk li i!m sw-eteneii with brown sugar, also bath he back snd stoinsch with the Balm and remain ;u1et. l'.pcat, l! necessary. t-T K'. the above Medicines are Mold h UruKslntM Everywhere. D. RUSOtf k 0., Prtp's, IJUFFALO, TV. V. THE PRESIDENT BEGURES Ml Against all impositions upon the peopkt, and .seiwr, tollo'Aini; the glorious example, 1 out AfsaiUBl TH . POISOM who bbU sogar f h , iym, ttiai not only ratal Sw lialr, hul nun! re the system. Im posters WHO MsSTBSSSY ntSi f MVAKY should Is' put down by law. In the meantime Cristddoro's Excelsior Hair Dye is ottered under Uie gwaranftee ol I ro lessor Chiion.. Sie lau. on- analytical chemist, as an ettlvient. Pare and Harmless Preparation. it is purely a vecctame preparation. It has CKIsTAIKlUoS BAR I'KKsjKKVATIVE. m . Dressing, acts like a charm on the Hair altar SnaSss Try It. VINf fiAR ! ,Ak - ,ur ürer for PavsniKo a .Hi.1 " , V" Vanjeaa. a tuosi sishaaM irtu le. Warranted p ire and to nrvacra nukU KIWST I'KKMll M at 'the V . Fair. Ew rSffSSt SSlPi3H I-air. Largest workaal lite kia.l la t g. hstahushed law. 33 and 34 1 Stats St.. Chicago. mm nt nwB"sanvaanni annnwak rwl H ff WA M N s " mm The RiirhtK of the Siek. It i the right of every invalid to know what his niedn in av and why it i prescribed. Is any sufferer from dvsoopsia, liver complaint, he.ida he. cotivencs or heartburn, desirous to know whi t Takkant 'a Sei.tsbk A.enuSWT ia, and why he aanjrhl to take it Tticaii.w v ,s staple. It is the chemical equivalent of the Seltzer Spa water, and the greatest physicians the world has ever seen have pronounced that waters ssull for the complaints in question. BOLD BY ALL lUl'(i(JlsiN. J JfcN. RI -o .. s s, H( NrvvTtnre. I f j. in. Vitt XI yvlllV l..rl,. w... ...... ml. w.im. ... ....... -i. . infill-, orj i em wri i.iui. Catalogues sent on application. S tiltiDSS A I. A K . aaSSSSB 1 1 . fi iin' si.. N . Y SWEET QUININE Svapnia .-w sal' OriNiNR. u tmtrt .tru l eaiual done tor (1. e 'ilphate (bitten Qututne. lo the the Important advantage of lUi oeing sweet instead of bitter. St text. Is Oeiiia Pucrnu of Its slckentua and Kitminosi pnv ertlea, H Is ttae tniMtm lecf ANOUYNK and 8(oTit 1 I Ntt J 11 ATS yet itar..v J ere.l r W Sold lv ItrurwMts. br icrlbed by the best Physicians. Uadeonlv 1. Ku-ams. Farr Co.. Manufacturing llcmlnu. New York. 1?SI I'l.OVIRNT iftis4f. For paMiculars, ad In H. M. HPkNCKK CO.. Hratflebur.. Vi. AhKSTs tVAKTKII KOK Secrete of the reut City A WmmU SaaesUsttvs sfttni tlHTI'tJ. ami th. VICBSi the HYttTtatlhSV nniis sad CstlMKM t Rrw Yarh t It v. It contains .1 One 'iitrra Inns ; and - tte SplctaBS. moat Thiilllug. Instructive, and ,--' aoia pub llsbwl. ONLY 5Ü2.75 PER COPY. Agents an- meeting with unprccislentcd ucceaa tUit In South Itrnd, Ind., reports :a siihserlber In a dsv One In LuTiie, i.. I'a . 41 In s 'isy. one In Saeluaa, Mich., liMn two dai s. snd a crest mam others from list to t e per week SW-iel foi (n-nlsrs aiid ax- ur lenn, and a full description of the work. isMPM MIKES SMflTIISaS A CO., i Inclnnatl, o . I in. ill., or St. Louis, nv 'libit W im fh A.eiu iHui liin.nn. C. O. D. C. O. 1. 1 II Til 1 ,1 U lTf UKV II IUI ll.l.tl I M llll u latsst iw mo vans a Ts. hl I.I.KH A t .. ilste M. t Chapman A Co. KeinoMil lo No '25 .h.hns t' . s We wllisen.i. on -iwr. inps- w m i h m w icm KK, solhtOold sn-1 r-iler cases onli, bv e nnsn to ao j pari " i " j w iwi ior mi .iwia , after eismlii el. n. st wholesale prtee. ihr hii) l. pay all e pr.s charges. Tlie ComjxUIJ s guarantee sent with eaeh vatcb W Send lor Llluntratod t Irrulara glOag ml lalosmstlow. ..!" ONLY ONE DOLLAR! h.MIK y.lÜM'N I IKK A LB to .fan it 1XW A flilt-class lllustratsd Keligloni Journal o I page- Jli loi.tilb"! w ; S But.on. The hi ! paper In I ne la 't a year In aclvai er. N lann cop.estreo. i.. U. WINkuIH, Pasllskrr, 1 1 coibtihi. bottua . . ... 1 iiii, M na ,.. 1.. . i m . . .